Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Table of contents
13 You are provided with four rods: aluminum, copper, iron and brass. Plan Thermal energy PD 26 27
and design an experiment to determine which of the four rods conduct heat
energy best
14 To determine the cross-sectional area, a, of a boiling tube Measurement ORR 28 29
15 To determine the weight of a meter ruler using the principle of moments Statics ORR 30 31
16 To determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of water Thermal energy ORR 32 32
17 To investigate the relationship between voltage and current for a filament Current electricity ORR/ 34 35
lamp. AI
18 To determine the magnification & focal length for a convex lens Action of lenses ORR/ 36 37
0
1
AI
19 To determine the resistance for unit length of a wire AB Current electricity ORR/ 38 39
AI
20 To determine the center of gravity for an irregular shape object Statics ORR 40 41
21 To determine the density of an irregular shaped object: Properties of matter ORR 42 43
22 To locate the images formed by two plane mirrors placed at right angles to Reflection ORR 44 45
each other
To locate the image in a plain mirror by ray tracing Reflection ORR
23 To determine the refractive index, n, of a glass block Refraction MM/ 46 47
AI
24 d Refraction MM 48 49
To investigate whether the ratio i is a constant
25 to determine the SHC of a given metal using the methods of mixtures Thermal energy MM 50 51
26 To plot a magnetic field of a bar magnet using a plotting compass Magnetism MM 52
FORM 4
Term 1 Term 2
SBA# SKILL PAGE DATE SBA# SKILL PAGE DATE
Term 3
SBA# SKILL PAGE DATE
Term 1 Term 2
1
2
SBA#1
Date:
Skill: P/D
Materials: string, glue, nylon, scissors or blade, sticks/straws, weight, stop clock,
measuring tape
Diagram:
Canopy
Suspending
strings
Weight
Procedure:
Precautions:
avoid parallax error when using the measuring tape and ruler
checked for zero error when using the stop clock
2
3
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
Table of results
Mark scheme
Error:
1. App. Hypothesis with
Shape Height/c Time Speed/m
reason ..2
m /s s-1
2. Workable method
2
3. Manipulating variable
Rectangu 1
lar 4. Controlled variable
.1
5. Responding variable
..1
Square 6. At least 2precautions
.1
7. Appropriate
design..1
Circle 8. App. selection of materials
1
Weight = 9. Possible source of
error.1
10. App. Labeled
Diagrams 2
11.Suggest suitable
Discussion: one should discuss formula.1
12.Data
the reason for design a parachute in a presentation
particular way .1
the effects/purpose of air resistance on the 13.Indicate readings to be
parachutist taken & observations to be
terminal velocity and its importance to the made.2
14.Outline how the
parachutist
readings/observations are
why a considerable height is necessary for
to be used to test the
testing
hypothesis/solve the
how would one know which shape is best
problem
for designing a parachute
how can the experiment be improved or ..1 Total 23
modify
errors encountered and methods of
minimizing these errors
VARIABLES
SBA #2
Skill: P/D
Title: Energy
Aim: To investigate whether the weight of an object affects the rate at which it
rolls down an incline plane
Hypothesis: does weight affects or does it not affects the rate at which it rolls
down an incline plane
Diagram:
Procedure:
Precaution:
4
5
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
After carrying out the plan & design, the following results were
obtained
Results
Conclusion: weight does/does not affect the speed at which an object rolls down
an incline plane; hence my hypothesis was supported/rejected according the
collected data
5
6
SBA #3
Skill: P/D
Title: magnetism
Aim: To investigate whether the shape of a core affects the emf induced in the secondary coil of a
transformer
Materials/apparatus: 2soft iron cores, insulated copper wire, voltmeter, crocodile clips, connecting
wires, battery replacement power supply
Diagram:
Procedure:
Obtain two horse shoe shape soft iron and wind insulated copper wires around each
differentiating the number of turns in each, forming a transformer
Alter the shapes but maintaining connections to the voltmeter and power supply
Record the induce emf in the voltmeter
Precautions:
Avoid parallax error when reading the voltmeter
Checked for zero error on voltmeter
6
7
After carrying out the plan & design, the following results were
obtained
Results
Mark scheme
Shape
Induced voltage
1. App hypothesis with
reason2
2. Workable method
.2
3. Identifies & controls variable
app..3
4. At least 2precautions
.2
5. Appropriate design
..1
6. Indicate readings to be taken
& observations to be
made.2
7. Outline how the
readings/observations are to
be used to test the
hypothesis/solve the
problem1
8. App. selection of materials
.1
9. Possible source of
Discussion: one can discuss
error.1
10. App. Labeled cct
Michael Faradays law of electromagnetic induction
Diagrams2
Induced magnetism
11. Data
Induced emf
presentation
The conditions for emf to be induced
.1
Electromagnets Total 23
Reducing power loss in the transformer
The best shape of the core and why
Errors encountered and methods of minimization
Strengths, weaknesses, sources of errors, limitations
Conclusion: the shape of the core does/does not affects the emf induced in a
core; hence my hypothesis was supported/rejected according to results
7
8
SBA #4
Skill: P/D
Title: waves
Aim: To determine whether the periodic time and speed of a slinky is affected by
its tension
Hypothesis:
Diagram
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
Results
Conclusion: does tension affects or does not affect speed & periodic
slinky
v =time of
T
9
10
SBA #5
Skill: P/D
Aim: To investigate whether the specific heat capacity of a liquid depends on its
density
Hypothesis: The specific heat capacity is influenced by the density of the liquid
Diagram:
Thermometer
Beaker
Styrofoam
cup
Water
Metal
Burner
Procedure:
10
11
Precautions:
A Styrofoam cup is used to prevent heat loss during the experiment
Reduce time to transfer block to Styrofoam cup
Excess water shaken off from the metal before the transfer
Avoid metal to touch the sides of the beaker which could be above 100 0C
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
Results
Water 25 Mark
scheme
1. Appropriate hypothesis
..1
Ethanol 2. Workable method
2
3. Identifies & controls
variables .3
Oil 4. At least 2precautions
vegetabl .1
5. Appropriate design
e
.1
Mass of metal = . 6. Indicate readings to be
taken & observations to be
Calculations: made.2
7. Outline how the
Heat lost by metal = heat gained by liquid readings/observations are
to be used to test the
McT = mcT
hypothesis/solve the
problem
Temp. drop = temp. of boiling water temp. of final steady mixt.
..1
Temp. rise = temp. of boiling water initial temp. of cold water
8. App. selection of materials
1
Discussion: 9. Possible source of
error.1
The importance and application of SHC 10. App. Labeled
Other factors influencing SHC Diagrams 2
Represent data on bar graph 11.Suggest suitable formulas
..1
12. Data
11
presentation.
1
12
Conclusion:
SBA #6
Skill: P/D
Aim: to determine whether ice melts faster in coolaid than in soft drink
Hypothesis:
Diagram:
T Stirrer
Stirrer
T h
h e Styrofoam
Styrofoam r cup
e
cup m
r
Ice Ice
m
Procedure:
Precautions:
12
13
Results:
30
60
90
Mark scheme
Conclusion:
SBA #7 Total 25
Title: Electromagnetism
Hypothesis:
Precautions:
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
Results
10
40
70
100
Variables:
Discussion:
Conclusion:
15
16
SBA #8
Skill: P/D
Aim: To determine whether the contents in three sealed boxes A, B & C contains
(a) a resistor (b) a diode (c) nothing
Hypothesis: box A contains a diode, box B contains a resistor and box C contains
nothing
Diagram:
Procedure:
Test the sealed boxes on the stations for the inside contents by building a
circuit
If a reading appears on the ammeter, likewise if the polarities are
interchange and same reading appears, then content inside is a
wire/metallic conductor
If a reading appears in one direction but not in the opposite direction, then
the inside content is a diode
If nothing appears on the ammeter in both directions, then the box is
empty
Precautions:
Make sure the box contains a working diode (diode should be tested for
defectiveness)
Ensure polarities are connected properly
Check for zero error in ammeter
16
17
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
Results:
A B C
BOX
Variables:
Controlled:
Manipulating:
Mark scheme
Responding:
1. Appropriate hypothesis
Discussion: ..1
2. Workable method
Diodes definition, function and importance in industry ..2
Resistors definition, importance and application 3. Identifies & controls
How one can test for a defective diode? variables.3
4. At least 2precautions
1
5. Appropriate design
1
Conclusion: according to my results, box A 6. Indicate readings to be
contains a , box B contains a taken & observations to be
. And box C contains a ., made.2
hence my hypothesis is supported/rejected. 7. Outline how the
readings/observations are
to be used to test the
hypothesis/solve the
problem..
.
.1
8. App. selection of materials
..1
9. Possible source of
error1
17 10. App. Labeled cct.
Diagrams .2
11. Data presentation
..1
18
SBA #9 Total 23
Skill: P/D
Title: viscosity
Aim: To investigate whether the shape of an object influences the rate at which it falls through a
viscous liquid
Hypothesis:
Materials: measuring cylinder, test tube, play dough or clay, stop clock, meter ruler, viscous liquid
Diagram:
Viscous
liquid
Measuring
cylinder
Shap
e
Procedure:
Precautions:
18
19
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
Results
19
20
Conclusion:
SBA #10
Skill: P/D
Title: Refraction
Aim: to investigate whether the angle of refraction will double when the angle of
incidence of incidence doubles for light passing through a glass block.
Hypothesis:
Materials: glass block, optical pins, blank paper, card board, protractor, ruler
Diagram:
Incident
ray
Norma
l
Refracted
ray
Glass
block
Emergent
ray
Procedure:
Precautions:
20
21
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
Results:
Tabel1
21
22
SBA #11
Skill: P/D
Title: stability
Aim: design an experiment to find out what makes an object more stable
Hypothesis:
Diagram:
G
Procedure:
Precautions:
Variables:
Controlled:
22
23
Manipulating:
Responding:
FEASIBILITY OF EXPERIMENT
After carrying out the plan & design, the following results were
obtained
Results:
Object A was more stable and object C was the least stable Mark scheme
Total 13 marks
IF EXPERIMENT IS ATTEMPTED
9. Execute planned
procedure1
10.Modifies plan if
necessary1
Conclusion: 11.Select either width of base/height
of COG as the variable to
investigate, keeping the others
constant & forms a
hypothesis
2
23 12.Select a suitable object on which
to experiment & suggest how the
base of width/height of COG will
24
Total 25
SBA #12
Skill: P/D
FEASIBIITY OF EXPERIMENT
Calculations:
Variables:
Controlled:
Manipulating:
Responding:
Discussion:
25
26
Conclusion: the conditions for toppling are where as the conditions for
sliding are
SBA # 13
Skill: PD
Hypothesis:
Materials: copper rod, aluminum rod, brass rod, iron rod, heat source (candle or
open flames), tripod stand and mesh, Bunsen burner, wax, match stick
Diagram:
A B C
Method:
Precautions:
Expected results
26
27
Aluminum 3
Iron 4
Discussion:
27
28
SBA#14
Skill: ORR
Materials/apparatus: boiling tube/test tube, measuring cylinder, half meter ruler, retort stand
Diagram:
Procedure:
Precautions:
NB: plot
Avoid parallax error when reading a graph
volume andof meter
height/cm
ruleron y axis against
Read off volume in measuringvolume/cm3 on x -the
cylinder below axis
meniscus
Retort stand must be on a flat surface and in a vertical position
Calculations:
i.e. A = 1/s
Discussion:
Error: Error:
Height/c Volume/c
m m3
Mark scheme
SBA#15
29
30
Skill: ORR
Title: moments
Aim: To determine the weight of a meter ruler using the principle of moments
Diagram:
Mark scheme
1. Neat app
table
1
2. Correct headings &
units.1
3. Consistent significant figures in
table.1
4. Correct
graph
1
5. Correct quantities on
axis.1
6. Label axes correctly with quantities &
units2
7. Title for
graph
..1
8. Best fit
Procedure:
Precautions:
Results:
Error in length:
30
31
Values
of x
Values
of y
Calculations:
Discussion:
SBA#16
Skill: ORR
31
32
Diagram:
Method1 (kettle)
Method2 (beaker)
Precautions:
Results:
32
33
Grams Grams
Beaker
Kettle
Calculations:
Mark scheme
For beaker:
1. Neat app
Energy (E) = mcT (m = mass of water) table
1
Hence, E = mlv (m = mass of water evaporated)
2. Correct headings &
E units.1
3. Consistent significant figures in
lv = m
table.1
For kettle: 4. Appropriate format of
presentation1
2
V 5. Sub headings
Energy (E) = IVt or I2Rt or R t identify.
1
E
lv=
mDiscussion:
SBA#17
Skill: ORR
33
34
Aim: to investigate the relationship between voltage and current for a filament lamp.
Diagram:
Procedure:
Precautions:
Results:
34
35
Error =
Ammeter/A
Error =
Voltmeter/V
Discussion:
Conclusion: the relationship between voltage and current was found to be either directly proportional,
inversely proportional, linear, non linear, quadratic etc.
Mark scheme
1. Neat app
table
1
2. Correct headings &
units.1
3. Consistent significant figures in
table1
4. Correct
graph
..1
5. Correct quantities on
axis..1
6. Label axes correctly with quantities &
units.2
7. Title for
graph
1
8. Correct diagram & labeling..
SBA#18
35
36
Skill: ORR/AI
Aim: To determine the magnification & focal length for a convex lens
Diagram:
Procedure:
Place the converging lens in the lens holder & put the combination in the light path from the
lamp box
Adjust lens to produce a sharp image on screen
Measure x (the distance from the lens holder to the lamp box) and y (the distance from the
lens holder to the screen).
Precautions:
Adjust lamp box and lens such that a sharp image is produce on the screen
36
37
Results:
Values of x
Mark scheme AI
Object
distance (u) 1. Large triangle showing how gradient was
determined.1
Values of y 2. Indicating on the graph the co-ordinates used to
1
Calculations:
F=
f
Plot a graph of image distance against object Mark scheme ORR
distance.
/cm-1 Find the slope/gradient of the graph to
confirm the magnification of the lens obtained in 1. Neat app
the table above. table
1
Discussion: 2. Correct headings &
units.1
Focal length and its importance 3. Consistent significant figures in
table.1
Explain the lens properties 4. Accurate values in
Discuss the function of a fat lens compared table.2
5. Correct
to a thin lens graph
Modifications/improvement 1
6. Correct quantities on
Far sightedness, near sightedness, axis1
accommodation, 7. Label axes correctly with quantities &
units..2
Conclusion: the focal length of the convex lens was 8. Title for
found to be the magnification was found to 37 graph
be and the power of the lens was found to be . ..1
9. Best fit
line
38
SBA#19
Skill: ORR/AI
Title: resistivity
Diagram:
A B
Procedure:
Set up the circuit shown above with (AB) the potentiometer and power supply set at 1.5V
Slide the jockey 10cm starting from one end up to 100cm
Measure the current on the ammeter per 10cm slide
If current deflections are too great, insert a resistor in the circuit
Precautions:
38
39
Results:
Length/cm 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Current/A
1 1
/A
A
Then it follows that A-1m-1 x A = m-1 resistivity or resistance per unit length
Discussion:
Definition of resistivity
Advantages, disadvantages
Applications
Mark scheme
Modifications/improvements
Reflection/strengths, weakness
1. Neat app
The relationship between resistance and length and the implications to power grid designers
table
..1
Conclusion: the resistance per unit length of the wire AB was found to be ..
2. Correct headings &
units..1
3. Consistent significant figures in
table..1
4. Correct
graph
1
5. Correct quantities on
axis.1
6. Label axes correctly with quantities &
units2
7. Title for 39
graph
..1
8. Best fit
40
SBA#20
Skill: ORR
Materials/apparatus: flat irregular shape lamina (card board/Bristol board), puncher, mounted pin,
retort stand, plumb line & scissors
Diagram:
Procedure:
Precautions:
40
41
Results:
NB: glue or stick irregular shape in lab book for assessment, clearly indicating the three points of
suspension or lines drawn.
Discussion:
SBA#21
Skill: Density
Title: ORR
Materials: irregular object (rock), string, measuring cylinder, electrical balance, water
Diagram:
42
43
Procedure:
Tie a string to the rock and submerge it in a beaker of known volume of water
Precautions:
Avoid breathing over the electrical balance because it invokes the final measurement
of the mass
43
44
Results:
m3
Rock
Average:
Mass of rock =
Calculations:
m
d=
v
Discussion:
Density definition
Importance/application of density
Archimedes principle/discovery
Relative density
Why some objects float whilst others sink
SBA#22
Skill: ORR
Aim: To locate the images formed by two plane mirrors placed at right angles to each other
Diagram:
P2 P3
6cm
X Z
4cm
P1
Y P4
Procedure:
Precautions:
45
46
Results:
Table of measurements
Discussion:
Conclusion: the images were located in two plane mirrors placed at right to each were located as
shown on the result paper.
Mark scheme
46
47
SBA# 22
Skill: ORR
Title: Reflection
Materials: plane mirror, adhesive tape, blank sheet of paper, plasticine, 3 optical pins
Diagram:
A
P2
B
P P1 P4
P3
M1 R M2
S
Procedure:
Precautions
Ensure paper is stuck and mirror vertically placed on horizontal line M1M2
47
48
Blank
sheet A
P2
B
P P1 P4
P3
M1 R M2
S
Table
48
49
SBA#23
Diagram:
Procedure:
Precautions:
49
50
Results
Angle of
incidence/ i
10 20 30 40 50 60
Angle of
refraction/
r
sini
Average of sinr
Sin i
Sin r
Calculations:
Discussion: Find gradient/slope
Definition of refractive
What does index
the gradient/slope represent?
Importance/application
Compare the refractive index for different materials
Difficulties experienced during the lab exercise and how did you overcome these difficulties
Strengths
Errors encountered and methods of minimization
Mark scheme
1. Follows
instruction
.1
2. Prepares material for observation/investigation
correctly1
3. Sets up apparatus for
measurement.1
4. Use glass block correctly
..1
5. Correct measure of incident
angles2
6. Places optical pins on incident
ray..1
7. Check for unavoidable
errors..1
50
51
SAB#24
Skill: M/M
d
Aim: To investigate whether the ratio i is a constant
Diagram:
Procedure:
o The reflected ray is found using the same method as describe in SBA#22 above
o Produces the incident ray until it passes the base of the trace outline
o Measure the distance d from the normal to where the projected incident ray cuts the base
Precautions:
51
52
Results
Angle of incidence
20 30 40
Distance/m
d
Ratio i
Discussion:
o Definition displacement
o The effects of lateral displacement
o Importance of lateral displacement
o Reflection on the process
d
Conclusion: the ratio i is .
Mark scheme
1. Follows
instruction
.1
2. Prepares material for observation/investigation
correctly.1
3. Sets up apparatus for
measurement.1
4. Use glass block correctly
..1
5. Correct measure of
angles..2
6. Places optical pins on incident
ray.1
7. Check for unavoidable
errors.1
8. Outline traced with
normals1
9. Correct measure of angles of
refraction1
52
53
SBA#25
Skill: M/M
Aim: to determine the SHC of a given metal using the methods of mixtures
Materials: water bath, thermometer, bob, string, Styrofoam cup, water, beaker, tripod stand and mesh,
candle/gas flames, matches, tiles and electrical balance.
Diagram: metal
Procedure:
Method2
Heat a beaker of water with a pendulum bob inside or any piece of metal up to about a
temperature of 1000C
Measure the initial temperature of water in the Styrofoam cup of water
Quickly transfer the metal from the beaker of water to the Styrofoam cup
Stir the solution and measure the final steady temperature
Precautions:
Quickly transfer the metal/bob to the Styrofoam cup to prevent heat lost
Avoid parallax error when reading the thermometer
Avoid splashing water
Stir well before reading temperature
53
54
Results
Mass of metal =
Temperature rise of cold water = final temperature of mixture temperature of cold water
Heat lost by metal = temperature of metal in water bath (100 0C) final temperature of mixture
Calculations:
mc T =mc T
Discussion:
Define SHC
Applications of SHC
Differentiate between objects with high SHC compared to objects with low SHC
Discuss the advantages of reducing energy loss in the environment
Improvements
Methods of minimizing errors
Source of errors/unavoidable errors & limitations
Reflection
1. Follows instruction
correctly1
2. Prepares material for
investigation.1
3. Sets up apparatus (water bath)
correctly1
4. Balance placed level & check for deflections in
mass.1
5. Thermometer not touching glass/water
bath..1
6. Water bath handle with
care1
7. Read thermometer avoiding parallax error/eye
level1
8. Hold the thermometer54
55
SBA#26
Skill: M/M
Diagram:
Procedure:
Results:
55
56
SBA#26
Skill: M/M
Title: resistance
Materials: unknown resistor, power supply, ammeter, voltmeter, connection wires, switch
Diagram:
Procedure:
Connect the positive end of the connecting wire to negative terminal of the power supply
Connect the other end to the top terminal of the rheostat
Connect the bottom terminal of the rheostat with another connecting wire and the other end to
the unknown resistor via crocodile clips
Clip the other end of the unknown resistor and connect it to the ammeter
Then connect the voltmeter in parallel with the unknown resistor
Test the working of the circuit by switching on the power supply
If the needles in the ammeter & voltmeter deflects in the opposite direction, reverse polarity
Slide the rheostat to obtain six pairs of values of current(A) and voltage(V)
Precautions:
56
57
Results:
V
V =IR R=
[ I ]
Find the equation of the straight line and use this equation to find the value of the resistance when the
current is 2.5A
Discussion:
Definition of resistance
Importance of resistance
Relationship between resistance and current
Skills employed to overcome errors
How length affects resistance and the implications to device manufacturers
57
58
SBA#28
Skill: M/M
Aim: To investigate whether the periodic time of a simple pendulum is affected by the type of
material
Materials: pendulum bob, stop clock, insulated wire, string, chain of paper clips, nylon string, retort
stand and cork pads
Diagram:
Procedure:
Precautions:
58
59
Results:
String
Nylon string
Insulated
wire
Discussion:
Conclusion: the periodic time is affected/is not affected by the type of material
Mark scheme
1. Follows
instruction
..1
2. Prepare materials for
investigation.1
3. Set up apparatus
correctly
.1
4. Oscillations of pendulum in a vertical
position.1
5. Pendulum oscillate with small
amplitudes..1
6. Used countdown method in
timing..1
59
60
SBA#29
Skill: M/M
Materials: boiling tube, vernier caliper, measuring cylinder, retort stand, half meter ruler
Diagram:
Procedure:
Results:
60
61
Calculations:
d2h 2 2
V= V = r h , where r =area
4 d2
Area = 4
d=
4V
h
Dd
Therefore,
x=
2
Discussion:
Mark scheme
1. Follows
instructions
...1
2. Sets up apparatus
correctly....1
3. Correct reading of vernier
caliper..1
4. Avoid parallax errors when reading the
caliper.1
5. Add reading of caliper to that of the main
scale...1
6. Check for zero error on
caliper..1
7. Fill boiling tube to the
top.1
8. Pour water carefully into the measuring
61
62
SBA#30
Skill: A/I
Title: resistance
Materials: 6carbon resistors, connecting wires, battery replacement power supply, ammeter, crocodile
clips
Diagram:
Procedure:
Precautions:
62
63
Results: Calculations:
Number of Current/A Plot graph of number of resistors against current
resistors/n
Find slope/gradient
Discussions:
Mark scheme
63
64
SBA#31
Skill: A/I
Materials: burette, water, stop watch, funnel, beaker and retort stand
Diagram:
Funnel
Burette
Retort stand
Tap
Conical flask
Procedure:
64
65
Results:
Volume/cm3 Time/s
Calculations:
50
Plot graph of volume on the y-axis against time on x-axis
1. the rate of flow for the first 5cm3 & the last 5cm3
40 2. read of the time for the first 42cm3 of flow
3. read of the first three half lives from the graph
4. what is the rate of flow for 12 seconds
35
30
Mark scheme
25
1. Calculate the rate of flow of water for the
20 first 5cm3 and last
5cm3
15
..2
10 2. Explain what happens to the rate of
flow1
5 3. Read off the first three half lives from
graph...2
0 4. Indicate on graph & read off time for the
first 42cm3 of
flow
Discussions:
Definition of radioactivity
Why atoms explode
Explain shape of curve
Extract meaning from curve/curve implications
Uses of radioactivity
What happens when the rate of flow decreases
Explain half lives
Give four precautions when dealing with radioactivity
65
66
SBA#32
Skill: A/I
Diagram:
Mark scheme
Precautions:
66
67
Results:
Stretch Spring
length constant
Mass/g Mass/kg Force/N Extension/
m F
K=
e
100
200
300
400
500
Calculations:
Discussion:
67
68
SBA#33
Skill: A/I
Materials: candle, tile, tripod stand & mesh, matches, beaker, water thermometer, electrical balance
Diagram:
Procedure:
Precautions:
Results:
68
69
Mass of water =
Initial temperature =
Final temperature =
Time =
Calculation:
E=mc T
energy mc T
power= =
time t
Discussion:
Define SHC and its importance in water cooling most engines of motor cars and smaller
engines are usually air cooled
Power definition and interpretation of units J/s
Discuss how energy losses were diminish
What skills were employed to extrapolate accurate data
Modifications/improvements
Uses of power
Explain what can be powered by the fuel of a candle
Explain how did the distance from candle to beaker base was maintain
Reflections
Mark scheme
69
70
SBA#34
Skill: A/I
Materials: bob, string, stop watch, meter ruler, retort stand, cork pads
Diagram:
Mark scheme
.2
3. Large triangle showing how gradient was
determine1
4. Indicating on the graph the co-ordinates used to
determine x and y and correctly reading
them from the graph..2
5. Correct determination of the value of g from
Procedure:
Precautions:
70
71
Results:
1.20
1.00
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
Calculations:
Find gradient/slope
Calculate the percent error in the experimental value and the actual value
Discussion:
71
72
SBA#: 35
Skill: AI
Diagram:
Method:
The method can also be done by adding one weight to the mass hanger and
removing the weights on the trolley.
Precautions:
72
73
Results:
Mark scheme
Mass/ Distance Time 2s F=ma
a= 2
kg traveled, /s t 9. Large triangle showing how gradient was
s/m determine..1
0.1 10.Indicating on the graph the co-ordinates
0.2
used to determine x and y and
correctly reading them from the
graph..
2
11.Formula for
gradient..1
Calculations: 12.Correct substitution of read offs into
formula1
1
Plot graph of mass vs. 13.Correct calculation of
acceleration
gradient1
Find gradient of graph with units 14.Correct units for gradient of
State the significance of the gradient graph1
15.Identification of sources of
Discussion: errors1
16.App steps to reduce sources of errors & or
Explain the importance of Newtons second recommendations for improving the
of motion in real life situations. accuracy of the
Discuss the errors encountered and identify experiment..2
methods of eliminating these errors 17.Explanation of
Identify sources of errors & ways of results2
reducing sources of errors
Limitations
Explanation of results (trends, patterns,
relationships in results)
Improvements or modifications of the
experiment
73
74
SBA# 36
Skill: AI
Diagram:
Method:
Table of results:
Mass/K X
g
Force/N
Calculations:
Source of error:
74
75
Discussion Mark scheme
What is the significance of the gradient 18.Large triangle showing how gradient was
of the line? determine..1
Discuss the errors encountered and 19.Indicating on the graph the co-ordinates used to
identify methods of eliminating these
determine x and y and correctly reading
errors
Ways of reducing sources of errors them from the graph..2
Limitations 20.Formula for
Explanation of results (trends, patterns, gradient
relationships in results) ..1
Improvements or modifications of the 21.Correct substitution of read offs into
experiment formula..1
22.Correct calculation of
Conclusion: the unknown mass was found to gradient1
be 23.Correct units for gradient of
graph.1
24.Identification of sources of
errors..1
25.App steps to reduce sources of errors & or
recommendations for improving the accuracy of
the experiment..2
26.Explanation of
results.
75
76
SBA#
Skill: AI
Aim: To determine the specific heat capacity of a liquid using the electrical methods
Diagram
Alternative connections
+
A
+ Connected
+
V to 24v A +
supply
V
Stirrer
+ +
+
+
Insulation
Heating
coil
Procedure
Precautions:
Results
77
78
SBA#
Skill: AI
78
79
79
80
80
81
81