GBP_001_E1_1

Summary of radio network planning

ZTE University

GSM-BSS D&T Team

 Objectives

At the end of this course, you will be able to:

Describe the contents and flow of site survey
State the basic principle of site selection
Master the using of site survey tools
Contents

Site survey summary

Preparation of site survey
Working flow of site survey
Data audit and documents output
Site survey tools
Site survey instances
 Site survey summary

Function

Provide basic data for planning and imitation;

Make planning more reasonable and reduce risk;

Reduce the cost of network

 Site survey summary

Goals

Know the feature of field, landform and subscribers,

estimate the subscriber number and traffic

Integrate coverage, traffic density, site condition and cost

Output BTS site type, site location , distribution and

antenna configuration which satisfying customer s
requirements.

Make site survey of each site and prepare three

candidate sites for substitution
 Site survey summary

Contents

Confirm site location

Description of site environment

Suggestion of site type

Suggestion of antenna type and parameters

Estimate the traffic of BTS and cells

 Site survey summary

Working flow
Requirement
analysis

Site survey
preparation
plan

Execution Single site record

Collection and
check
N

Right
data ?

Y
Output Site survey
Site survey report
report
Contents

Site survey summary

Preparation of site survey
Working flow of site survey
Data audit and documents output
Site survey tools
Site survey instances
 Preparation of site survey

Requirement analysis

Target of network (coverage and capacity)

Customers suggestion on site type (micro cell, repeater,

indoor coverage etc.)

Existing network situation of coverage area (site distribution

of other operators)

Working interface with customers

Schedule and resource of site survey

 Preparation of site survey

Output of requirements analysis

Collect and analyze all the requirements form customer,

combined with network planning and site survey
documents. Output report of requirements analysis.
 Preparation of site survey

Tools

Tools Function
GPS Altitude, latitude and longitude of BTS
Compass direction and environment
necessary Digital camera photo the environment of site
ruler For measurement
vehicle One vehicle for each team
map Digital map, scan map, paper map

Not Range finder Measure distance

necessary telescope Increase sight scope
test equipment Test the coverage of site
 Preparation of site survey

Site survey plan

According to the project and requirements report, make

detail site survey plan, including goal, organization,
personnel, tools, schedule and outputs.
Contents

Site survey summary

Preparation of site survey
Working flow of site survey
Data process and documents output
Site survey tools
Site survey instances
 Working flow of site survey

Site survey flow

Site initial
start
information

Site adjust Not suitable

Site location
selection

Information
collection and
analyzing

Cell parameters Site survey

design record table

end
 Working flow of site survey

Site initial information

Latitude and longitude of sites from planning

Site location provided by operators

The location of old substitute sites

Sites of other operators

 Working flow of site survey

Principle of site selection

No. Common principle for site selection

1 Site should be in the ideal position of honeycomb structure
2 The BTS density should match the traffic density
3 The height of BTS should lower then the highest building and higher then
the average building
4 Avoid high buildings or potential blocking constructions, which may affect
the coverage
5 Avoid radio station, radar or other strong interference equipments
6 Avoid choose the top of hill or woods
7 Necessary condition for site building
8 Select the equipment rooms with little expansion cost or buildings with
less rent
9 Try to select the existing telecom station, micro wave station, so to reuse
the power supply
10 The feasibility, cost and performance should be considered before the
microwave is used as transmission
11 Dual band sites should be at same site in urban area
 Working flow of site survey

Information collection and analysis

Traffic distribution survey

Traffic distribution in serving area

Economy level, average income and consumption habits.

Forecast subscriber increase trend

Radio propagation environment survey

Location information of BTS (longitude, latitude, altitude)

Description of the overall environment

Description of barriers
 Working flow of site survey

Cell parameter design

BTS type

Site configuration

Antenna parameters

Antenna height

Azimuth

Tilt down angle

 Working flow of site survey

Site survey record table

Altitude, longitude and precision of GPS

Geographic description of BTS

Important area
Direction
Transmission system
Repeater basic information
Co-site description
Picture of site
Contents

Site survey summary

Preparation of site survey
Working flow of site survey
Data audit and documents output
Site survey tools
Site survey instances
 Data audit and documents output

Check and audit

After the site survey, all the documents should be

collected by team leader, who will pass them to
network planning technical manager

After check and audit, Network planning manager will

pass these documents to project manager.
 Data audit and documents output

Check and audit

Check and audit from technical view, make sure the site
survey result is true, accurate, reasonable and feasible:
Fill up <Radio network site survey report>

If there is any questions about sites, communicate with

customers and put it into MOU.
If the environments is not good for sites, suggestion must
be given to customers for improvement.
 Data audit and documents output

Output report

After gather and audit, provide the following information

in the final report
BTS site survey reportChinese, English

Coverage area list

BTS site information list

Contents

Site survey summary

Preparation of site survey
Working flow of site survey
Data audit and documents output
Site survey tools
Site survey instances
 Site survey tools

GPS

Main indices
Receive sensitivity
Navigation
Physical index
Power

Keys on panel
Power key
Turn page
Input
Exit
 Site survey tools

GPS

Basic operate
power on, light, shut down

Automatic location

Location and navigation operation

Navigation on route
 Site survey tools

GPS

Notes for longitude/latitude measurement

GPS needs 3 satellites for location

The measurement mode is WGS84

The angle unit is degree

Try close to site to measure

Deviation compared with digital map

The precision of digital map

GPS measurement deviation

The test spot is not same as planned

 Site survey tools

Compass

Main function
Direction and tilt down angle

Landform measurement: include orientation,

slope degree, fix level
Vertical angle
 Site survey tools

Structure

Magnetic needle

Horizontal dial

Vertical dial

Aim board

Viewfinder
1viewfinder 2Aim board
3Magnetic needle 4Horizontal dial
5Vertical dial
6Vertical scale indicator
7Vertical level organ
8batholith level organ
9Magnetic needle fix helix
10thimble 11lever
12Glass cover
13Box and needle round board
 Site survey tools

Compass

Antenna direction
Stand under the antenna or tower with instrument in hand

Make the upper cover face you, aim board point to antenna

Wait for the needle stop, the degree of the needle N pole is
the direction of antenna.

Antenna tiltdown
Keep the compass close to the character surface of antenna,
and keep the bleb in the middle for some time
Read the degree, which represent the tiltdown angle of this

character surface.
Contents

Site survey summary

Preparation of site survey
Working flow of site survey
Data audit and documents output
Site survey tools
Site survey instances
 Site survey instances

Unreasonable location

BTS site close to high voltage cable

Wrong: One BTS is close to a high voltage cable, antenna is at the
same level as power cable and the distance to power cable is no
more than 10 meters.
Right: move the BTS 50 meters away from the power cable for safety

BTS is on the hill in urban

In order to cover a city, a BTS is built on a hill with 300 meters high.
As the BTS is so high that all the MS in this city can receive the
signal, which make other BTS traffic idle,
This site is congestion, and cause many MS fail to call.
 Site survey instances

Unreasonable planning

Less BTS sites in dense urban area

Total 29 frequencies available for one city, so only 5 sites

were build.
Limited by frequency resources, there is no large capacity
sites which cant satisfy the traffic requirement.
Solution: Another 8 new BTS sites were built to fit the large
traffic.