GOVERNMENT SCHOOL OF NURSING

IDUKKI, MUTTOM.

GENERAL NURSING AND MIDWIFERY

REPORT OF THE RESEARCH

SUBMITTED BY,
APARNA P MOHAN

DEEPTHI PONNAPPAN

NAYANA THANKACHAN

USHARANI K

VIDISHA AUGUSTINE

2013-2015
 EFFECT IF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING
MENSTRUATION AND MENSTRUAL HYGIENE AMONG TEENAGE
SCHOOL GOING GIRLS IN A SELECTED SCHOOL, AGED
BETWEEN 10-19 YEARS.

APARNA P MOHAN

DEEPTHI PONNAPPAN

NAYANA THANKACHAN

USHARANI K

VIDISHA AUGUSTINE

SUBMITTED AS A PART OF PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IN NURSING

RESERCH OF INTERNSHIP PERIOD

GENERAL NURSING AND MIDWIFERY GOVERNMENT SCHOOL OF NURSING

IDUKKI, MUTTOM.

2017
 CERTIFICATE

Certified that the thesis entitled EFFECT OF PLANNED TEACHING

PROGRAMME REGARDING MENSTRUATION AND MENSTRUAL HYGIENE
AMONG TEENAGE SCHOOL GOING GIRLS IN A SELECTED SCHOOL, AGED
BETWEEN 10-19 YEARS is the work of Miss Aparna P Mohan, Miss. Deepthi
Ponnappan, Miss. Nayana Thankachan, Miss. Usharani. K, Miss. Vidisha Augustine of
Govt. School of Nursing, Idukki, Muttom submitted in partial fulfillment of the diploma in
nursing.

Place: Muttom Mrs. Jaimol Philip

Date: Principal Govt. School of Nursing

Idukki,Muttom
 EFFECT OF PLANNED TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING
MENSTRUATION AND MENSTRUAL HYGIENE AMONG TEENAGE
SCHOOL GOING GIRLS IN A SELECTED SCHOOL, AGED
BETWEEN 10-19 YEARS.
DURING THE PERIOD OF ONE MONTH FROM

04/02/2017 TO 04/03/2017

APARNA P MOHAN

DEEPTHI PONNAPPAN

NAYANA THANKACHAN

USHARANI K

VIDISHA AUGUSTINE

GUIDED BY :

Mrs. Sheeba Bhasker

Nursing Tutor, govt. School of Nursing

Idukki, Muttom

SUBMITTED AS A PART OF PRACTICAL EXPERIENCE IN NURSING

RESERCH OF INTERNSHIP PERIOD

GENERAL NURSING AND MIDWIFERY

GOVERNMENT SCHOOL OF NURSING

IDUKKI, MUTTOM.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The investigators humbly seek, this opportunity to how themselves to god

almightily for leading in the correct path by his boundless guidance and power
of blessing to complete this research endeavor to a worthful one.

The study was completed under the expert guidance of Mrs. Sheeba
Bhasker, Nursing Tutor, Govt. school of nursing, Idukki, Muttom. Investigators
express their sincere gratitude to Mrs. Sheeba Bhasker for her Valuable
guidance, constant support and encouragement given from inception to
completion of this study.

The researchers whole heartedly express their sincere thanks to Mrs.

Jaimol Philip, Principal, Govt. School of Nursing, Idukki, Muttom for her
incessant direction and valuable suggestions in every phase of this study.

Researchers are extremely thankful to Mrs. Leelamma Mathew, Annie

Jacob, Mariyam Koshi, Shiny K R, Mini P P, Nursing tutors of Govt. School of
Nursing, Idukki, Muttom for her valuable guidance and encouragement.

We express our gratitude to Dr. Deepa prabha, Doctor, District Hospital,

Thodupuzha for their support and valuable suggestions for the successful
completion of the study.

We express our gratitude to all the hospital staff of District Hospital,

Thodupuzha and community health Center, Muttom.

Researchers are indebted to the students who willingly participated in the

study, without their co-operation this study could not happened to be a reality.

Investigators are extremely thankful to

Investigators are extremely thankful to their classmates and friends for

their timely help, support and encouragement of the study.
 Researchers remain ever indebted to their family members for their
unconditional love, prayerful support and constant encouragement given in their
life.

Investigators are thankful to all well wishers, friends and dear ones who
have inspired, guided and helped them academically and personally for the
successful completion of the study.

Aparna P Mohan

Deepthi Ponnappan

Nayana Thankachan

Usharani K

Vidisha Augustine
 ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to assess the knowledge of teenage school going girls
between the age group of a 10-19 years regarding menstruation and menstrual
hygiene. The objectives of the study were to assess the knowledge of menstruation
and menstrual hygiene among the adolescent girls between the age group of 10-19
years, to determine the knowledge about menstruation and menstrual hygiene of
adolescent girls between the age group 10-19 years and to give structural health
education to the related adolescent girls regarding menstruation and menstrual
hygiene.

The present study was conducted among adolescent girls between the age group of 10-
19 years at Govt. Higher Secondary School, Muttom. The tools used for the study
were socio demographic data sheet and structured knowledge questionnaire. The data
were collected for a period of one month from 04/02/17to 04/03/17. The collected data
were analyzed by using descriptive statistics in terms of frequency and percentage.
The major findings of the study were 34% of adolescent girls had good knowledge
about menstruation and menstrual hygiene. The study findings have implications in
nursing service, education, administration and research.
 CONTENT
LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF APPENDICES

CHAPTER PAGE NO

1. Introduction
2. Review of literature
3. Research methodology
4. Analysis and interpretation
5. Discussion and result

References

Appendices
 LIST OF TABLES

SL NO TITLE PAGE NO.

1 Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls

with respect to their age

2 Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls

with respect to their education

3. Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls

with respect to their income of family.

4 Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls

based on number of family members

5 Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls

based on number of earning persons

6 Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls

with respect to their level of knowledge regarding
menstruation and menstrual hygiene.

7 Frequency distribution and percentage of post test

knowledge of teenage girls after giving the teaching
programme regarding menstruation and menstrual
hygiene.
 LIST OF APPENDICES

SL. NO. TITLE

A Informed consent Malayalam

B Informed consent English

C Socio demographic data sheet Malayalam

D Knowledge questionnaire Malayalam

E Knowledge questionnaire on menstruation and Malayalam

menstrual hygiene

F Structured health education on menstruation and Malayalam

menstrual hygiene
 CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION
Back ground of the study

Need and significance of the study

Statement of the problem

Objectives of the study

Operational definition

Assumptions
 INTRODUCTION
Yesterday girl is today's adolescent and tomorrows mother. The adolescent
period is the backbone of the future India. Healthy adolescent are the healthy
generations of our country. Adolescence is regarded as a unique phase of human
development. Adolescence is the period of transition from childhood to adulthood.
Learning about hygiene during menstruation is a vital aspect of health
education for teenage girls as developed in teenage are likely to present on to adult
life. Knowledge on menstruation is important, however, most of the adolescent girls
do not have the proper knowledge on menstruation and menstrual hygiene. The
present study is undertaken to determine the awareness level of adolescent girls on the
aspect of menstrual hygiene.
Back ground of the study
Adolescent girls constitute a vulnerable group not only with respect to their
social status but also in relation to their health. In this menstruation is regarded
unclean or dirty in society. The issue of menstrual hygiene is inadequately
acknowledged and has not received proper attention. Good hygienic practices, such as
use of sanitary pads and adequate washing of the genital areas essential during
menstrual period.
Adolescent Health Menstrual Hygiene IEC Division, Ministry of health and
family welfare, Government of India, menstruation and menstrual practices are
clouded by taboos and socio- cultural restrictions for women as well as among
adolescent girls. Limited access to products and lack of safe sanitary facilities prove to
be barriers to increased mobility for girls and the likelihood of resorting to unhygienic
practices to manage menstruation traditionally in India, old cloth has been used as
pads by recycling them, making disposable pads with material at home. These are
used again and again after washing. The issue is that these washed clothes are dried
where they are not visible to the public sometimes leading to fungal growth on them.
In some communities , women do not use any cloth because they believe that the
blood comes out during urination. Anecdotal evidence suggests that lack of access to
menstrual hygiene( Which includes sanitary napkins, toilets in school, availability of
water, privacy and safe disposal) could constrain school attendance and possibly
contribute to local infections during this period. Therefore, creating awareness and
increasing access to the requisite sanitary infrastructure, related to Menstrual hygiene'
is important.
WHO defined adolescence as the age group of 10-19 years approximately one fifth of
the world population is in the age group 10-19 years. In girls, adolescence is
recognized as a turbulent period which signifies the transition from girlhood to
womanhood. The onset of menstruation is one of the most important features of
adolescence in girls. A women goes through several developmental milestones that
greatly influence her reproductive health. Menstruation is the cyclical shedding of the
inner lining of the uterus, the endometrial under the hypothalamus- pituitary axis. The
first menstruation occurs between it 15 years with a mean age of 13 years. There are
several traditions, myths, misconceptions, mystery and superstitions prevailing about
menstruation (WHO 2002).

Need and Significance

Menstruation and menstrual practices are still clouded by socio- cultural

restrictions resulting in adolescent girls remaining ignorant of the scientific facts and
hygienic health practices, which sometimes result into adverse health outcomes. The
current study is designed to determine the effectiveness of planned health education
programme on knowledge and practice regarding menstrual hygiene

Every year approximately 10% of women worldwide are exposed to genital

infections including UTIS and bacterial and 75% of women have a history of a genital
infection specifically, the common risk factors for vaginal infections include
pregnancy and poor hygiene.

The proportion of the world adolescent population is rising faster than that of
the other age groups. While the world's population is increased by 46% the population
of adolescent increased by 66% Most of the adolescent girls do not have adequate
knowledge about menstruation and menstrual hygienic practices, particularly in
developing countries like India, where very little attention is being paid to the
reproductive health of the adolescent girls.
 During community posting, we conducted a seminar among adolescent girls
regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene. After the class, majority of the girls
who attended the seminar was not aware of the fundamental facts about the
menstruation.

Statement of the Problem

Effect of planned teaching programme regarding menstruation and menstrual
hygiene among teenage school going girls in selected school, age between 10-19 years
Objectives
To assess the pretest knowledge regarding menstruation and menstrual
hygiene among teenage school going girls aged between 10-19 years
To assess the post test knowledge after giving the teaching programme
regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene
To compare the pretest knowledge and post test score regarding the
subject.
Operational Definition
Menstruation:- It is the monthly occurring bleeding from the uterus through the
vagina that lasts for 3-7 days.
Menstrual hygiene:- It is defined as the hygienic habits practiced during the time
of menstruation
Teenage:- The Period of transition from childhood to adulthood that occurs
between the age of 10-19 years in human life is known as teenage.
Assumptions
Knowledge regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene to avoid
unhealthy practices
Knowledge regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene to identify
unhealthy practices
 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE
The term literature review refers to an extensive and systematic examination of publications
relevant to research project. Before starting any research a literature review of previous
studies and experiences related to the proposed investigation must be done. Here the related
review

Studies related to knowledge of adolescents regarding menstruation and

menstrual hygiene.
 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Studies related to knowledge of adolescents regarding menstruation and

menstrual hygiene.

Telemariam Gultie, Desta Haila at study was conducted on September 2014 about age
of menarche and knowledge about menstrual hygiene management among adolescent school
girls in Ambara province, Ethiopia, implication to health care workers and school teachers.
The findings of the present study showed that there is significant difference between the pre-
test level of practice regarding menstrual hygiene at 0.005 level of significance which implies
that planned health education was effective to improve the practice of adolescents regarding
menstrual hygiene.

Mariavan Ejik, Ebtisam. M Fetony from 2000 to September 2015. To assess the status
of menstrual hygiene management among adolescent girls in India to determine unmet needs.
Data from the 138 studies involving 193 sub populations and 97070 girls where extracted. In
88 studies, half of the girls reported being informed prior to menarche. Commercial pad used
was more common among urban than rural girls with use increasing over time. Inappropriate
disposal was common. Menstruating girls experienced many restrictions especially for
religious activities. A quarter reported missing school during periods. A lower prevalence of
absenteeism was associated with higher commercial pad using univariate but not in
multivariate analysis when adjusted for region. The quality of study imposed limitations on
analysis and the interpretation of result.

E. Premila. Ganesh K etal conducted a study to assess the impact of planned health
education programme on knowledge and practice regarding among adolescent girls studing in
selected high school in puduchery on March 2015. A quasi experimental study was conducted
among 100 adolescent girls of 8th and 9th classes of high school puducheri, simple random
sampling method was revealed poor level of knowledge about menstrual practice and various
misconceptions among adolescent school going girls regarding menstruation.

Subash B Thakre, Sushama D Thakre etel conducted a study on January- March 2011
on 3876 school going girls. A pre-designed structured questionnaire was used in the study.
The data collection technique was personal interview of the study subject. In this study only
36.95% of the girls were aware of menstruation. More than three fourth of the girls in the
study was not aware of the cause and the source of bleeding. A majoring of them had
knowledge about the use of sanitary pads. Three fourth of the study girls practiced various
restrictions during menstruation.

Monica Reddy, suresh N Ughade etal conducted a study on menstrual hygiene,

knowledge and practice among adolescent school girls of saoner, Nagpur District on
November 2010. Only 36.75% of the girls were aware of menstruation before menarche. The
major source of menstruation about menstruation for them was found to be their mothers.
Three fourth of the study girls practiced various restrictions during menstruation. Some
menstrual hygiene indices have shown a significance in the rural and urban girls. A variety of
factors are known to affect menstrual behavior, the most influential being economic status
and residential status [Urban and Rural]. Awareness regarding the need for information about
healthy menstrual practices is very important. It is essential to design a mechanism to address
and for the access of healthy menstrual knowledge.

Anuradha (2009) conducted a study in Kerala on knowledge and practice regarding

menstrual hygiene. The results showed that 60% of women deal with menstruation
unhygienic ally. A statistically significant association was seen between menstrual hygiene
maintenance and educational knowledge prior to menarche, type of protection, access to
water, bathroom facilities and menstrual disorders.

Dhinra Rajni, kumar Anil and kour Manpreet (2009) conducted study to assess the
knowledge and practice related to menstruation among tribal (Gujjar) teenage girls. The result
showed that out of 131 subject who were having menstruation, 103 (78.6%) subject reported
their duration of menstruation between 0 to 6 days while rest of them ie 28( 21.3%) reported
their duration between 1 to 12 days, 59 (45.0%) subjects reported normal bleeding during
their menstruation, 31 (28.2%) subjects reported scanty bleeding and 35 (26.7%) reported
excessive bleeding during their menstruation. If was hence observed that these girls (26.7%)
reported excessive blood loss, which could be responsible for anemia condition observed in
the group.

Dasgupta ( 2008) conducted a study on awareness regarding menstrual knowledge in

teenage girls, it was founds that 81% girls recognized menstruation as cause of menstruation
to be hormones, few respondents (20%) mentioned diseases or curse as cause of
menstruation. In the survey majority of the respondents (13%) identified uterus as where the
menstrual blood comes from vagina and only(13%) identified uterus as where the menstrual
blood comes from.
 Bagya devi Das conducted a study of effect of planned teaching programme regarding
menstrual hygiene among teenage school going girls in a selected school in Guwahati. The
sample was 30 girls. It was found that knowledge regarding menstrual hygiene among
teenage school girls significantly improved by conducting planned teaching programme.

S. Anitha and karuppiah conducted a study to assess the effectiveness of planned

teaching programme of menstrual hygiene on knowledge, attitude and practice among the
adolescent girls in Govt. school, Chennai. Tamil nadu. Th data was collected from 500
samples that was collected using structured questionnaire. In this study the adolescent girls
had a good knowledge regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene.
 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLGY

Research Design

Settings of the study

Population

Sample and sampling technique

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

Ethical consideration

Tools and techniques content validity

Pilot study

Data collection process

Data analysis
 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research is a systematic enquiry that uses disciplined method to answer questions or

solve problem. The steps, procedures and strategies for gathering and analyzing data in the
study are included in the methodology in the study are included in the methodology.

Research Design

The research design used in this study is one group pretest post test design.

Setting of the study.

The setting of the present study in Govt. Higher secondary School, muttom

Population

The study population comprised of 50 students from Govt. Higher secondary school,
Muttom.

Sample and Sampling Technique

The sample size for the study was 50 teenage girls Sampling technique was probability
random sampling technique

Criteria for selection of sample

Inclusion criteria

Girls studying in the 5th ,6th ,7th- 8th , 9th class of GHS, Muttom Students who are
willing to participate

Exclusion criteria

Girls below 10 years of age and above 19 years Students who are not willing to
participate in the study Those students who previously attended similar classes.Ethical
consideration

Informed consent taken from participants and the concerned authorities of the school.
Tools and Techniques

Sociodemographic data sheet and structured knowledge questionnaire was used as

tool for the present study.

Development of the tool

The tool was prepared after extensive search of related topics, guidance and

suggestions from experts.

Tool 1. Sociodemographic data sheet.

Too 2. Structured knowledge questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding

menstruation and menstrual hygiene among teenage girls.

Description of the tool

Tool 1: Sociodemographic data sheet consists of age, educational status,

occupation, monthly income, menstrual status.

Tool 2: Self evaluation questionnaire to assess the knowledge regarding

menstruation and menstrual hygiene among teenage girls. It consists of

30 questions which carries one mark for the correct response. Total

score is 30 and classified as:-

Good knowledge 20 and above

Average knowledge 10-20

Poor knowledge below 10.

Content Validity

In order to establish the content validity the tool was given to the experts, who were
from the field of Gynecology and nursing They had given valuable suggestions;
modifications were made as necessary based on expert's directions.
Pilot Study

After obtaining formal permission from the principal Govt, of school of nursing
Idukki, Muttom. A Pilot study was conducted in this school Data were collected from 5
students aged between 10-19 years. After the pilot study necessary corrections were made in
the study.

Data collection Process

After thorough explanation and obtaining informed consent from teenage girls
collected the data using structured questionnaire. The confidentiality of the data was assured
to the subject. The whole procedure of data collection took 20-30 minutes for each subject

Data Analysis

Data were analyzed based on objectives. The following statistical techniques used for
analysis.
 CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

Section 1: Description of sample characteristics

Section 2: Knowledge of teenage girls regarding menstruation and menstrual
hygiene.
Section3: Post test knowledge of teenage girls after giving teaching programme
regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene
 ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA

This chapter deals with the analysis and interpretation of data collected. Data collected for the
student were analyzed using appropriate statistical test and the result and interpretations are
given in this chapter as follows:
Section 1: Description of sample characteristics
Section 2: Knowledge of teenage girls regarding menstruation and menstrual
hygiene.
Section3: Post test knowledge of teenage girls after giving teaching programme
regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene
 SECTION-I
SOCIO DEMOGRAPHIC DATA OF TEENAGE GIRLS

This section deals with socio demographic characteristic like age, education,

Table 1

Table 1: Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls with respect to

their age.
N=50

Characteristics F %

10-12 34 68

13-15 10 20

16-18 4 8

19 and above 2 4

Table 1 reveals that most of the adolescents 68% were the age group of 10 to 12 years, 20%
of participants were in the age group of 13-15 yrs; 8% were in the age group 16-18 yrs and
4% of participants in the age group of 19 and above.
 Table 2

Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls with respect to their education.

N=50

Characteristics F %

6th Std 21 42

7th Std 11 22

8th Std 7 14

9th Std 11 22

Table 2 depicts that 42% of adolescent had educational qualification of 6th standard, 22% had
educational qualification of 7th and 9th standard and remaining 14% had educational
qualification of 8th standard.
 Table 3

Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls with respect to their income of family.

N-50

Characteristics F %

500 & above 18 36

501 and above 14 28

1001 and above 15 30

1501 and above 3 6

Table 3 evident that majority 36% of participants have monthly income of 500 and above,
30% have monthly income of 1001 and above, 28% have monthly income of 501 and above
and 6% have monthly income of 1501 and above.
 Table 4

Frequency distribution and percentage of teenage girls based on number of family members.

N=50

Characteristics F %

3 18 36

4 14 28

5 15 30

5 and above 3 6

Table 4 shows that 36% of participants have 3 members in the family ,30% have 4
members ,28% have 4 members and 6% have 5 and above.
 Table 5

Frequency based on numbers of earning person in the family

N-50

Characteristics F %

1 19 39

2 19 37

3 9 18

4 and Above 3 6

Table 5 shows that 39% of participants have only one earning member in the
family,37% have 2 earning members,18% have 3 earning members and 6% have 4 and
above earning members.
 SECTION 2

KNOWLEDGE OF TEENAGE GIRLS REGARDING MENSTRUATION

AND MENSTRUAL HYGIENE
This section deals with the assessment of knowledge of teenage girls regarding menstruation
and menstrual hygiene.The level of knowledge was categorized as poor (6-10), average (11-
15), good (16-20) and excellent (21-25)

Table 6

Frequency distribution and percentage of girls with respect to their level of knowledge
regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene.

N=50

Characteristics F %

Poor(6-10) 3 6

Average(11-15) 28 56

Good(16-20) 16 32

Excellent(21-25) 3 6

Table 6 shows that 56% of adolescents had average knowledge,32% had good knowledge,and
6% had poor and excellent knowledge.
 SECTION 3

POST TEST KNOWLEDGE OF TEENAGE GIRLS AFTER GIVING THE

TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING MENSTRUATION AND MENSTRUAL
HYGIENE

This section deals with post test knowledge of teenage girls after giving the teaching
programme regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene .The level of knowledge was
categorized as poor(6-10), average (11-15), good(16-20) and excellent(21-25)

Characteristics F %

Poor(6-10) 0 0

Average(11-15) 4 8

Good(16-20) 17 34

Excellent(21-25) 29 58

Table 7 shows that 58% of adolescent had excellent knowledge,34% had good knowledge,8%
had average knowledge.
 CHAPTER V

RESULT AND DISCUSSION

Objectives

Results

Discussion

Conclusion

Nursing Implication

Limitation

Recommendations
 RESULT AND DISCUSSION
This chapter deals with the objectives results, discussion, conclusion, nursing
implications, Limitations and recommendations for the further study. This study aimed
at assessing the knowledge and teaching programme regarding menstruation and
,menstrual hygiene. Among teenage girls between the age group of 10 - 19 years.
OBJECTIVES

To assess the knowledge of teenage girls regarding menstruation and menstrual

hygiene between the age group of 10 - 19 years.
To determine the post test knowledge of teenage girls regarding menstruction
and menstrual hygiene between the age group of 10 - 19 years.
To give teaching programme regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene for
the teenage girls between the age group of 10-19 years.

RESULTS

Sample Characteristics

In this study 68 % of the study participants belonged to the age group of 10-12
years.

Most of the teenage girls 42% had educational qualification of 6lh standard.

36% of the teenage girls had monthly income of 500 and above.

Most of the teenage girls 62% had family members above 5.

Most of the teenage girls 39% had one earning member in their family.

Knowledge of teenage girls regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene, only6

% had poor knowledge.
Post test knowledge of teenage girls after giving the teaching programme regarding
menstruation and menstrual hygiene. 58% had excellent score, 34% had good
knowledge only 8 % had average score. Regarding menstruation & menstrual
hygiene.

DISCUSSION
 Finding and discussion in relation to the present study. Our present study
revealed that 32% of teenage girls had good knowledge regarding menstruation and
menstrual hygiene.

Result of present study was conducted by Subash B Thacre, Sushama B Thatre

etal in January - march 2011 about menstruation among 35% school going girls. In
this study only 36.95% of the girls were aware of menstruation. The findings of the
present study supports the first objective.

Result of the present study was conducted by Monica Reddy Suresh Vghacle

etal on November 2010 about menstrual hygiene at Nagpur District. Only 36.75% of
the girls were aware of menstruation before Menarche. The major source of
information was from their mothers. 3A th
of the study girls practiced various
restriction during menstruation during menstruation.

CONCLUSION

The following conclusion were drawn on the basis of the study which was
aimed at finding the knowledge and teaching programme of teenage girls
regardingmenstruation and menstrual hygiene between the age group of 10 - 19 years
at G.H.S.S.Muttom. The researcher's finding revealed that 68 % of the study
participants belonged to the age group of 10-12 years. Most of the teenage girls 42 %
had educational qualification of 6th standard.36 % of the teenage girls had monthly
income of 500 and above 5. Most of the teenage girls had good knowledge regarding
menstruation and menstrual hygiene. Based on the study findings the investigators
conducted a teaching programme at G.H.S.S. Muttom about menstruation and
menstrual hygiene to enhance the knowledge regarding menstruation and menstrual
hygiene.

Nursing Implications
 The investigators have drawn the following implication from the study that one
of vital concern of nursing administration and nursing research.

Nursing Service

This study is highly significant to nursing services as it is concerned with

assessment of knowledge of teaching programme on menstruation and menstrual
hygiene help the teenage girls to enhance their knowledge regarding menstruation and
menstrual hygiene.

Nursing Education

The teaching programme and different type of AV aids can be utilized for
educating teenage girls regarding menstruation and menstrual hygiene.

Nursing Administration
Nurse administration can utilize the finding of the study while conducting
education programme for junior student nurses and public can arrange health
education programme in order to acquire more knowledge regarding menstruation and
menstrual hygiene. This study is important for teenage girls to practice good menstrual
hygiene and implement this knowledge in day to day life.
Nursing Research

The nursing practice has to invent new health models and new level of teaching
programme which can only be achieved through nursing research through nursing
research activities. So these study findings can be utilized as a background for the
future research studies.

Limitations

As the study sample size was limited to 50 and the sampling technique was
convenient generalization of the finding were limited.

Absents of a control group limits comparison.

Long term effect of structured teaching programme was not assessed due to limited
time hoi the conduct of the study.
 Study confined to a particular geographical location - which obviously imposes
limits to generalization .

Recommendations
In the light of the present study findings following recommendations are made
for future.
A study can be conducted on a large sample to facilitate generalization of
result.
A study can be carried out to assess the knowledge of teenage girls before and
after conducting teaching programme.
 REFERENCE
1. Ashalatha PR and Deepa G , Anatomy and physologly for Nurses (4th edition ),
Jayeep brothers medical publishers(2015)page no; 470-488

2. Brunner and suddarths text book of medical surgical nursing (10th edition )
Lipponcott Williams & Wilkins publishers London (2004) page no;1385-1392

3. DC Duttas Textbook of gynecology 6th edition Jayeep brothers

medical publishers New Delhi page no;82-90
4. Dr Sarma K.V Rameshwar, Dr. Sing T Verender Text book of Nutrition (2 nd edition)
Front line publications (2016) 81-82

5. Hady Abdel, Badawi Karima El Fedway Sana Studies on menstrual hyginie among
adolescent school girls in Mansouva Egypt Avavilable from http://dx.doi.org

6. Hopper Paula D and Williams Linda S Medical surgical nursing (5 th edition) Jaypee
brothers medical publishers (2013) page no; 943-949

7. Jacob Anamma, midwifery and gynecological nursing 4 th edition jaypee brothers The
journal of nursing research volume I/ Issue medical publishers New Delhi page
no;63-65

8 Lewis , Heitkemper and Dirksen Text book of medical Surgical Nursing (6th edition)
1339-1345 misty publishers;Elsevier.

9. Mathew Ms Jovancy, food and nutritation (8th edition ) V publishers,Kottayam (2015)

page no;185-226

10. Myles Testbook for midwives 16th edition Saunders Elsevier page no; 92-95

11. Premila E, K Ganesh and Charhiya B Laxmi studies on impact of planned health
education programme of knowledge and practices regarding menstrual hygiene
among adolescent girls studying in selsected high school Puducherry available from
www.apjor.com

12. Ross and Wilson, anatomy and physiology in health and illess 11th edition Churchill
illingstone elsevier page no; 438-445

13. S.Anitha and Karuppiah studies on effectiveness of planned teaching S programme of

menstrual hygiene on knowledge , attribude and practice among the adolescent girls
Government School in Chennai , Tamilnadu (Available from) www.journal of
science.net

14 Swarkar keshav, Community health nursing N.R Brothers 1\o651 publishers 3 rd

edition 2011 page no; 493-494
15. Thakkre Subash B , thakew Sushama S, Reddy Monical etal studies on menstrual
hygiene, knowlegment and practices among adolescent school girls of saoner ,
Nagpur district Available from http://jcdr.net/back

16. The Journal of Nursing Research,(volume I/Issue I)September 2009

17. The Nursing Journal of India,(volume CVII no;4), July-August 2016

18. Varghese susamma ,Dr Joseph Valsamma Nursing foundation and First aid (2nd
edition ) Front line publications , Hyderabad (2016)page no; 139-140

19. Williams Lind S, Hopper Paula D Medical Surgical Nursing (4th edition ) Jaysree
brothers medical publishers New Delhi (2012)page no;944-946
APPENDICES
 APPENDIX- A

Nd

VJJA VJ bJA d\AU

AK I G Ya A{ V
cV\ JK JW AX K X W NAK.
M\ CA W K LKa
A AK d AKX K
B{ c fAK JcJ d
AU KX TAK. W X
.
.(, W) b Ja X NAK.

WK {a :

M :

W :

:
 APPENDIX- B

INFORMED CONSENT
I am giving consent to be a part of study by the fourth year students of Govt. School
of Nursing, Idukki , Muttom, which focused on EFFECTIVENESS OF PLANNED
TEACHING PROGRAMME REGARDING MENSTRUATION AND MENSTRUAL
HYGIENE AMONG TEENAGE GIRLS AGED BETWEEN 10-19 YEARS IN A
SELECTED SCHOOL . I have been informed that the questionnaire is entirely voluntary
and I can refuse to answer to the question as divided to terminate from the questionnaire
schedule I have also been informed that my refusal to answers will have no effect on health
service provided to me I have been told that this will be used only for study purpose and also
informed about the confidentiality of my responses so that
.. .

(Name and Address) Voluntary agree to join the study

Place :

Date : Name of the informer

Signature of the informer

Signature of the Investigator

Address of the investigator

 cA 2 B{I

\ 1

VgB\

1. cB\A J
2. x c JJ ()VA
3. VA W G J
4. c J

{ Vt MA

1. B{ d d?

a 10 - 12 [ ]

b 13 - 15 [ ]

c 16 - 18 [ ]

d 19 W W [ ]

2. B\ d AK?

a 6 [ ]

b 7 [ ]

c 8 [ ]

d 9 [ ]

3. B{ H d?

a 9 [ ]

b 4 [ ]

c 4 [ ]

d 4W W [ ]

4. B{ Ja d?
 a 500 W W [ ]

b 501 W W [ ]

c 1001 W W [ ]

d 1501 W W [ ]

5. B{ J K B{ H d?

a 1 [ ]

b 2 [ ]

c 3 [ ]

d 4W W [ ]
 \ II

VgB\

JB\ V

JJ

KW W J\

cB\A J .

1. d VJ/AK CW cVJJa
d d ?

a. 9 W 16 [ ]

b. 12 W 15 [ ]

c. 8 W 12 [ ]

d. 15 W 20 [ ]

2. I VJ dB\AW IK Vc
d?

a. 14 [ ]

b. 20 [ ]

c. 16 [ ]

d. 28 [ ]

3. VJ d d I WA?

a. 1_3 [ ]

b. 3 W 7 [ ]

c. 7 W 10 [ ]

d. 10 J {W [ ]
4. VJJ KVY ?

a. cGxx VY [ ]

b. {V xx VY [ ]

c. dX [ ]

d. ddY [ ]

5. VJ JdJW K K Ja
{ d?

a. 50ml 150ml [ ]

b. 60ml-160ml [ ]

c. 70ml-170ml [ ]

d. 170 ml {W [ ]

6. d JW K J K
B{ H?

a. 1H [ ]

b. 2 H [ ]

c. 3 H [ ]

d. 4 H [ ]

7. VJ dJa q K?

a. V [ ]

b. [ ]

c. [ ]

d. d{ [ ]
8. VJ B{W d AV O\ G ?

a 4 AW [ ]

b 6 AW [ ]

c 8 AW [ ]

d 12 AW [ ]

9. JW d VJ ?

a 1 [ ]

b 2 [ ]

c 3 [ ]

d 4 [ ]

10. x M {U J V ?

a J { [ ]

b xW {. [ ]

c cAW [ ]

d . [ ]

11. VJ B{W I?

a [ ]

b M\ d [ ]

c A B{W [ ]

d [ ]

12. VJ J MK cc dJ{
 a [ ]

b W [ ]

c K AI W [ ]

d K J c{W xIK
W [ ]

13. VJ J AKCW cJAX B\

AK VB\ ?

a. {W C

W G B [ ]

b J { [ ]

c M U cd WAK
JW GB [ ]

d cdWAJ B{W

G B [ ]

14. B{ c VJJa d d?

a 10 T W 12 [ ]

b 13 T W 15 [ ]

c 16 T W 18 [ ]

d 19 T {W [ ]

15. VJ Ja d d?

a 35-40 [ ]

b 40-45 [ ]

c 50-55 [ ]

d 45-50 [ ]

16. B{ VJ d I WAI?
 a 3 - 4 [ ]

b 4 - 6 [ ]

c 6 - 8 [ ]

d 8 - 10 [ ]

17. VJ B{W BW d {A?

a 0 [ ]

b 1 [ ]

c 2 [ ]

d 3 W [ ]

18. VJ B{W b A B\ x W
iG K J ?

a cJW [ ]

b GW [ ]

c d{W [ ]

d xB{W [ ]

19. B\ VJ B{W d AV O\ G ?

a 4 AW [ ]

b 6 AW [ ]

c 8 AW [ ]

d 12 AW [ ]

20. VJ J d I WAI?

a. cJ [ ]
 b. 2 [ ]

c. VJJa [ ]

d. I [ ]

21. VJ J K B\ K fB\ ?

a. Ja B{IK[ ]

b. [ ]

c. [ ]

d. B{IK [ ]

22. VJ B{W B\ x W iG KcB\?

a { c [ ]

b IKiG\ [ ]

c x{ c [ ]

d VJ J bdLA [ ]

23. VJ J cB\ II?

a c I [ ]

b c W [ ]

c [ ]

d VH d c [ ]

24. d JW d B{ MK?

a 1 H [ ]
b 2 H [ ]

c 3 H [ ]

d 4 H [ ]
 J

\ 2

1. a
2. d
3. b
4. d
5 a
6 a
7 a
8 b
9 a
10 a
11 a
12 a
13 c
14 d
15 d
16 b
17 c
18 c
19 b
20 d
21 b
22 b
23 b
24 b
 A

VH X

KMX

CX

xcX

pa \
A G


YGW K dK xJA { dMG C

AK dVJ VJ. A YG{W d
K Aa VH K VJJ

d dc B\

Vd:

Vd d dc c d
Vd G V{ (V) W \MK

J dJ d C{ VJ J
MK KG B{W m {V VJ
mJ J K 400 mB{TW
d JW K J K

W :

{V VJK m m{W
JK W Ja mJa z JK

V J J J MK dc

V : mJW {V VJ m JA K dd
V

VJd

YGW K dAU Ja V c VJ
dd VJK {W K x c VJJa
dW IJAW K { cc JGI
B JW c VJJa d W IJA\ K
{ cc JGI B{ JW cVJJa
d 9_16 TGI KAAK

VJ

J V{ bJW
U dJ VJ K K

VJ KW d dJ K W VJKW
d. d K W
AK J dJ dVJB{W AK mJW
dVJ YG J
V{ dVJX bJW {V VJ m J K
mA J VK CJ JAK
cJW C A O\ VN{ W
c , VJW dJ JK JU
Xd , A WK \
G K V { {J J
K. VJJa JW Xd { V m
MK

c VJJ 2 VJA VJ d ccK

B\ d VJd ccK N\ K 2 VJ
9_16 T c VJ K
VJ d 3_7/8 I AI
50 _150 YGW VJ K
Ja {
I VJ d NU { 28 AAK. W
2 A O\

c14

VY W {
9_14 JUW
VJaf:W , W ,
X B fB\ AI

14
 Va {W c IX BK
m VX BK 28 Jx J J
AK
28 KM cB\II

d JW U. W
JW K J K

VJ J IK xB\

B{W IK xB\


f
c

J f

\
\
cB\
U
VPB\
W, G

VJ b

Lc U b c K c dB{W
dMG K VJ c dB{W VJ cJa
d J J b

VJ b

J J N\ AIb B{ VJb b K
K

VJ J b
 {A VJ B{W {AX diA
xCW I {A. UJW :{AK JJa
c B{W IZ X , B
dB\A b WX A
G { N GW
{CW , X K K G { Jb
J VM AK AK
\ AOV diAI cB\
I J{U \ JA. {E JU
\ A. \ cJAK J A\
K xM K M JX A
3 CW 4 O\ AK x.
cJA c WAK JW
JG A
VJ J \ {O\ J {X dA
\ A X dA
A K \ I { {{ G B
\ cOB{ A fA
G {
N JW KG { {

AU {M , M {U c ,
B cB{ X VJ AO\ G
{ K

AO\ diAI cB\

6 A O{ xX diA.
VKAKW dw B{W { {M
X ic . K VM VNB\A
() IK K
G \ VH xW
fA J {K J VP. VM UKW \
VH J AX c . W U E
xW G.... . KG J xA V J
{. xA V xW fW x A
U c {
 G \KAO\ N bA \
IJ {U cJ M UA

dwJa b

VJ J CW dw J 2W M
AAK . M K WAX
N bU . {W
{ d VJK . K N
d VJX AK I. Vr
T K . v M AO\
{ J J b bJ
x K

K Dettol U { dw X
A

dw M VM fA. A\
x {X ccU .W VM fAX
A

J J N JW K {
IKI. L AX O JU AI
{ Vc

A\

BW, W, NJB BW { O J x
x{ BGI W A\ { A.

A\

A\AX diA. , X U {
AKA\ J A\ AK. A\ {M AK
 xB{ W X , Vg, {GW B
x cB{W K N dfAK

B\

B\ K \ Fruits M BX NA BX
NA K M\ seasonable GU Fruits A K
AL , LM U Fruits AX d iA. Ja {
GX A

cB\, W, G KW K A d AK c
Protine K c N {x cJ
A

VJ JIK iG\ { U AK
AX A N JW K
K J A A

VJ J iG\ A VH d I
.J J VH d c c JW
K { VJ J .VJ J iG\ AX
cB\ KI

1. J J iG\ A c K N\ A
LA c J dVJB{W K

2. VK A KG WG A A.
KG WG W B{ A.

3. X { KO\ X
A , V N .,

d
 YGW K dAU Ja V c VJ
dd VJK VJ KW d dJ K W
VJKW d. d K W
AK