DOCUMENT RESUME ED 401 738 FL 026 228 TITLE Nguniti ka naman! Tagalog with Humor. Language and Culture through Cartoons. INSTITUTION Peace Corps, Manila (Philippines). PUB DATE Feb 92 NoTE 172p.; Cover may not reproduce well. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use ~ Instructional Materials (For Learner) (051) LANGUAGE Tagalog: English EDRS PRICE __-HFO1/PCO7 Plus Postage. DESCRIPTORS *Cartoonss Conversational Language Courses; “Cultural Awareness; Cultural Education; Daily Living Skills; Foreign Countries; “Gras Humor; Interpersonal Communication; Language Patterns; Lesson Plans; Second Language Instruction; “Second Languages: "Tagalog; “Uncommoniy Taught Languages; Vocabulary Development; Volunteer Training IDENTIFIERS —*Peace Corps; Philippines ABSTRACT This guide for teaching Tagalog as a second language is designed for training Peace Corps volunteers. It consists of 140 lessons based on cartoons from a Philippines newspaper. Each lesson contains a one- to three-panel cartoon in Tagalog with Englieh translation, vocabulary ané grammar notes, comprehension questions, and notes on related cultural features. Cartoon topics include a variety of daily living and interpersonal situations. (MSE) * Reproductions supplied by EDRS are the best that can be made = * from the original document. a2 3 2 3 a NGUMIT, NAMAN, TAGALOG WITH HUMOR LANGUAGE AND CULTURE THROUGH CARTOONS Peace Corps / Philippines BEST COPY AVAILABLE aLANGUAGE-CULTURE INTEGRATION CARTOONS FOR PRE-SERVICE TRAINING ETLANGUAGE-CULTURE INTEGRATION CARTOONS FOR PRE-SERVICE TRAININGACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to thank the following persons who were instrumental in the preparation of this material: Dr. Arthur Crisfield, Acting Country Director for his collections of the cartoons and the impetus he provided, Office of Training and Program Support (OTAPS) through Doug Gilzow for funding, Consultants Willie Muyargas for the grammar and culture notes, and RPCV Chris Wells for reviewing the material, Material Developers Beth Conag, Medy Marcelo and RPCV David McClung, and Josie Aranas for preparing the material on the computer. PAZ B. MEMAN Language Specialist Peace Corps Philippines 1992FOREWORD In 1985, I started clipping cartoons from the Manila Bulletin, hoping to learn Tagalog and acquite soome insight into Filipino perspectives on contemporary events. Since then, I have clipped hundreds of cartoons but I'm afraid my Tagalog is still at the beginning stages. When I joined the Peace Corps staff 1 was able to bestow the idea on the Training Unit and through the hard work of Paz Meman and her colleagues and consultants, lessons have taken shape. In due time, they are to be accompanied by a glossary and a grammar sketch. I hope these materials will be a way for many people to learn Tagalog and to gain an insight into Filipino attitudes, values and humor. To all of you and especially to the Peace Corps volunteers, | dedicate this long-adorning volume that you may grow to appreciate the languages and personality of Filipinos more and more. And 10 Martha, much love, for your constant encouragement in this endeavor, ARTHUR G. CRISFIELD Manila, February, 19921. Baltic, The Nut “Is there no woman-eating shark?” "BALTIC & CO. wala "there is none” (an expression indicating absence or non-existence) ba "a yes-or-no question marking particle “fnote its sentence position) 7 “a ligature" Supplement: shark pating woman babae eating kumakain (present/progressive form of kumain “ate/to eat") ‘woman-eating shark pating na kumakaln ng babae b. Comprehension Questions: 4. Kumakain ba ang dalawang lataki? 2. May paling ba sa mesa? 8. Babae 0 pating ang hinahanap? 44, Ano ang hinchanap ng Isang lalaks? c. Grammar: wala: Occurs/ligatured to indicate absence of what itis linked to, ea: ‘Walang pating. “There's no shark.” ‘Walang babae. “There's no woman/ ie.” Walang kantn’. “There's no rice.” Wala bang paling ? “Isn't there a shark?" 7 BEST COPY AVAILABLEna: A linker/tigature that occurs between a modifier (kalahat) and the word It modifies (sanin). Ng occurs after a vowel, -g after n, and na usually afer other consonants. ee kalahating /kalahatt na kanin “half a serving of rice” pating na kumakain “shark that eats/is eating ng/nang: An indefinite object marker of verbe Ike kumakain ne: kumakaln ng babae “eats/ts eating a woman’ umain ng kanin "ate (some) nice” d Culture: ‘The cartoonist may have derived the name of his character, Baltic, from the word. alli ‘Tose nut’ (e.g. May baltik slya sa ulo. "He/She has a loose nut in the head.7J. You will see more of this nut later.2. The Junk Dealer and Frankenstein bote ‘bottle" dlyaryo newspaper” bakal “tron” b. Comprehension Questions: 1, May bote ba sa kariton? Bote 0 diyaryo ang binibili? |. Anu-ano ang mga binibiLi? c¢ Grammer: ‘Tagalog has a noun pluralizer, mga/manga/ (e.g...mga bote “bottles”, mga babae “women/giris") but. generally, pluralization is optional as in the words in the text, d, Culture: Acommon sight in Melso-Manila, the pushcart dealer usually buys (or scavenges from garbage cans) and sells discarded or used bottles, newspapers, scrap iron and plastic materials, He is an active hand in our so-called underground economy. He ay be a self-employed tax dodger, but he is in some ways a hero due to the fact that Unrough the diligence, perseverance and pelty enterpreneurship of his kind, our ‘country has been saved from becoming a dog-eat-dog society. Of eourse, most people do not see or apprectate his heroism especially when he mindlessly leaves the contents of their thrash cans strewn all over the place. Frankenstein, here, feels ifferentiy; he got a fair deal, and mixed feelings. ‘This strip also tlustrates a complex relationship of time orientedness and money, Upland Filipinos, for example, are highly vulnerable to lowlander encroachment. ‘During the dificult periods of thelr cropping cycles, they will al times sell thelr land for instant cash in spite of losing thelr future Source af livelihood. BEST COPY AVAILABLE. Ro3. @ "Match-up*, not a Match may-art “owner” (from may ‘has, have, had and anproperty) siya “he, she” ror posporo ‘match (from phosphorus, what matches are made o) b. Comprehension questions: May patay ba? May-ar ba slya ng factory? Sino ang namatay? . lang stick ng posporo ang nasa larawan? pepe c, Srammar: ‘ng/nang/: possessive marker ‘of, thus may-arl ng faclory and factory ng posporo may be transliterated as ‘owner of a factory’ and ‘factory of matches’, respectively. More examples: Mag-art siya ng pote. “He is/was the bottle owner.” May-art siya ng diyaro. “He is/was the owner of the newspaper." @ Culture: ‘To a Filpino, any show of disrespect for the dead s seriously sacrilegious. In fact, he has to think \wice before saying anything negalive about 2 dead peson because of ‘the common belief that the soul of the dead, especially those of the sinful ones, docs not leave this world but instead comes back to haunt the living, However, the Fuipino's appetite for fun and humor is nol only incurable but highly {infectious as well, Note that psychological insanity is relatively not very ‘widespread, and this Is owed to te fact that finding fun and laughter in anything sod experiences, misfortunes, alicions, etc.- 19 second-nature to a Filipino. And ‘one of his common secrets to humor is extensively explolied by the Three Stooges, and that is: poke fun at respectabilty. Rownder: We got rid of dictatorship not by gun, but by fun 104. Another Nutty Baltik “Bong the commercial is already) overt” ‘BALTIC & CO. ees 7 By RontSantiagy a, Vocabulary: tapos “finished, done, over" na “already, yet, now” (a particle) ang a topic marker (see grammar) Comprehension Questions: 1. Magsasayaw ba st Bong? 2 Komalaln 9 nanenood 8 Bong? 3. Ano ang ginagawa nl Bong habang naghthintay? ‘Ang: one of its uses is for marking the noun used as the topic of a sentence. ee Xumakain ang pating, “The shark seating” Kalahatt ang kanin. “The rice is one half (of a plat ‘Tapos na ang baltik. “The nut \s already finished, ma: As a particle, take note ofits sentence position in the following: Kumakain na ang babae ng kanin, “The woman is eating rice now." Kalahati na ang kanin, “The rie is already down to one half.” ‘Tapos na ba siya? “Is s/he finished ? a, Culture: ina community meeting or agency meeting, whether farmer or executive level, participants will only give their altention to discussion fecting them as individuals, or members of an interest group. When not affected, participants will engage in all sorts of diversions, including sleeping, side conversations, leaving the oom, etc.5. Manananggal, The "Mechanical" Vampire “Half a (plate/order of rce, please!” kalahatt “halt” nga ‘please, indeed, truly, really” kanin| “usually boiled rice” “ng “a ligature (see grammar)" b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Kalahati ba ang manananggal? 2. Bumibilt ba ang manananggal? 3. Kanin o saging ang binfbili ng manananggal? 4. Tang kanin ang binibili ng manananggal? c. Grammar: nga: A word which calls attention to the obvious belongs to a set of words called. particles. Particles generally occur second position in sentences. e.g. Kalahati ngat “One half, please!" Kanin ngat "Ree, please!” d. Culture: ‘The speaker is a kind of an aswang, a vampire-like creature, called {Grom the root word tanggal ‘detach. remove, unplug), I is sald to “unplug” ilsell from the lower or "socket" part of iis body when night falls to hunt for blood viclims, and has to ‘replug" before daybreak. To “cook up” something to make sure that this lving dead is really dead, one may Just simply prevent it from replugging by fully stuffing lis socket with anything, especially stufis it cannot "stomach" such as salt, garlic, vinegar, and the ike. it would surely be dead cooked by sunrise + for breakfast. 1 26. BALTIC, THE NUTTY DO-GOODER “Mise Taps, do you need help?” Dyan (short for dvanitor “Janitor” or t may be SJobnay) Yea" By Roni Santiago) a kailangan “need, necessary” mo "you, your, yours" (singular) tulong help” 00 "yes" dyanitor “Janitor b, Comprehension Questions: 1. Lo ba ang hawak nl Miss Tapa? 2. Kallangan ba nlya ang tulong? 3. Sino ang nangangallangan ng tulong? 4, Sino ang tinawag? c. Grammar: ‘mo! used as a possessive pronoun and as a form (o indicate the experiences of pseudo verbs like kallangan . eg Possessive: parol mo “your lantern” tuwalya mo “your towel” ‘Asawa mo siya. “She ts your wife.” Diyaryo mo lyon. “That's your newspaper.” : 13Experlences: Kailangan mo ang tulong “Help is needed by you." Kailangan mo ang parol. “Alantern is needed by you.” Kailangan mo slya. "She ts needed by you.” Kailangan mo tyong bakal. “Iron is needed by you." kailangan: Belongs to a set of allixless verbs called pseudo verbs. It may take an indefinite or definite object. eg: Indefinite: Kallangan mo ang dyanitor. "You need a janitor.” Kallangan ko ang diyaryo. “Tneed a nesespaper.” Definite: The sentence pattern ts similar to that of verbs ke nakalimutan, Kailangan mo ang dyanitor. “The janitor ts needed by you." Kailangan ko ang diyaryo. “The newspaper is needed by me.” Kailangan mo tyon, “That is needed by you.” Kailangan ko siya. “He/she is needed by me.” 4. Culture: ‘Aboss will not do manual work. Never expect that one will, It is at umes advisable to ask the boss if someone is avallabie to delegate the work to. Most likely a PCV would not be allowed to help either. Ifyou do, your perceived status may be damaged. You gain prestige with the rank and file, but lose it with manager level stall whose help you will most often require, 142. RIGHT PLACE TO WAIT FOR SANTA “Therel There's something in my stocking!” "Yule" ‘PUPUNG” ~~ AvUM 2 way Laman WA‘ MiG STOCKING Ko? oo ayun may Jaman na stockings/socks ngeke 1. Tuwalya ba ang nakabtin? 2, May laman ba ang stocking? 3. Ano kaya ang laman ng stocking? c. Srammar: ayun: A word that belongs to a set of demonstratives used for calling/drawing the altention of the listener to the referent. Members ofthe set are as follows: eto/neto There (tis) ayan/nayan there (neat) ayun/hayun there (fas)” Heto ang dlyaryo! “Here 18 the newspapert” Ayan na styal “There he/she is (now)!" ‘Ayun ang pating! “There is the shark." may: Indicates presence/existen affirmative form of wala. ce May bote. “There is a bottle ‘Walang bote. “There is no bottle . BEST COPY AVAILABLE 15May medyas. “There is a pair of socks/ stockings.” ‘Walang medyas. “There is no pair of socks/stockings." May diyaryo ang dyanitor. “The janitor has a newspaper. Walang diyaryo ang dyanitor. “The Janitor has no newspaper.’ May laman tyon. “That has something in tt." Walang laman tyon, “That has nothing in it." May laman ang mga bote. “The bottles have contents." ‘Walang laman ang mga bote., “The bottles have no contents.” d. Culture; ‘Santa has become part of our Christmas celebration. However, as it is with any cultural borrowing, it has to take more time before Santa is what he is in the West. Santa stockings may be seen more as a decorative plece than anything else. ‘There is a significant dilference between American and Filipino sense of Function and Form. ‘The stocking in this cartoon ts most likely decorative. Is form is in fact its primary function. Filipinos’ orientation is toward Form rather than Function. Ibg. PLAYING IT SAFE WITH FRANKENSTEIN nakakahawa “infectious, contagious" to this" sakit “disease, ailment, pain, sore" b. Comprehens: : Babae ba ang maysakit? Lalakt o babae ang doktor? Kanino bumisita ang maysakit? ‘Ano kaya ang sakit ng lalaki? c. Grammar: Ito: A word belonging to a set of topic demonstratives. Members of the set are as follows: Hto/to this" ang mga ito “these” lyan/ yan “that near)" ang mga tyan “those (near)* iyon/yon “that (far)" ang mga lyon “those (far)* Sakit Ito, “This is an tines. Nakakahawa lyan, “That's contagious, Kallangan ko ang mga lyan, “need those,” Kumakain itong pating. “This shark is eating.” Kolahatt lyang kanin, “That rice is one half of a plat Nakalimutan mo lyong mga parol "You forgot those lanterns." a. Culture; ‘The wall of a professional's office may be covered with degrees, awards, certificates, etc. but there is still likely to be a “native” color to the interaction. Diagnosis, rescription and prognosis of a given issue, project or plan may be delivered from a Aistance, that is without detailed inspection or investigation.9. Resourcefulness Equals Instant Hula Dancer “Lforgot my towel!” nakalimutan “forgot” ko “i, my, mine" from lyon ‘that’ and the ligature -g) {also tuwalya) yung twalya b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Kumakain ba ang lalaki? 2, Tuwalya o parol ang nakita nlya? 3. Ano ang nakalimutan niya? 4. Ano ang ginawa niya sa parol? c. Grammar: lyon: “that, a topic demonstrative, e.g. Babae lyon. “That's a woruan/lady//gi Tuwalya tyon. “That's a towel.” ‘Tapos na lyon. “That's already finished.” Kumakain lyon ng pating, “That eals sharks.” ‘As a modifier, its igatured by -g. e. Kumakain iyong babae ng pating, “That woman eats/Is eating sharks." ‘Tapos na lyong batik. “That nut is finished.” ‘Kot Has two uses in the text - as a possessive pronoun and as an actor of goal topic verbs lke nakalimutan. Posscssive: —tuwalya ko ‘my towel" diyaryo ko ‘my newspaper” ls + ee edActor: Nakalimutan ko. “T forgot st.” ‘Actor topic verbs (ATV) versus goal topic verbs (GTVI: ‘Verbs like kumakain are actor topic verbs whereas verbs lke nakallmutan are goal topic verbs, e.g. Nakalirsutan ko ang bobaeng kumakain ng pating. Margot the woman who eats: sharks.” ‘The example isa two-sentence discourse and its topic is ang babae; with nakalimutan, the role of the topic is goal or receiver of the action, and with Keumakain t's actor or doer. ‘The source sentences are: ‘Kumakain ng pating ang babae./ “The woman eats sharks.” ‘Kumakain ang babae ng pating “The woman i eating a shark." ‘More of this later. d. Culture: Indeed. the cartoon character is Adam's son. Like his father, the son needs cover on account of gullt and shame - not for disobedience but for being forgetful. But poor Christmas parol lantern), he stripped it naked! By the way, the parol 's a common sight in the celebration of the Christmas season, ©10. MUST BE A BORROWED NECKTIE - NOT FROM ANOTHER FILIPINO “Tom, why, does your -My nec got caught back hurt again?” ‘er ny) zipper.” BALTIC & CO. fo saiprt TT 8 ZippeR a, Docabulery: bakit why" masakit “painful, sore, aching" na naman “again” (a particle compound) ltkod “back” hind “no, not” sa “on, in, at, to, with, from, etc." natpit ‘caught (between 2'things)” ‘The word NAIPIT can be used to say, “naipit ang TEV (travel expense voucher] ko kay Mrs, de Leon (bookkeeper) al bagong patakaran nl Mr. Reyes (Project. Manager).” The speaker may be explaining the reasons for not altending an important meeting s/he was expected to altend. NAIPIT is a force of circumstance. "My travel order was caught between the bookeeper and the new policy of the project manager.” = No release of travel money = no travel = not my fault, b, Comprehension Questions: 1. Masakit ba ang ulo ni Tom? 2. Paa o Ikod ang masakit kay Tom? 3 Ano ang nangyari kay Tony? 4, Bakit? 2c. Grammar: ‘hindi: As a negalive, particles and/or pronouns occur next to it. e.g: Kumakain siya. “she ts eating.” Hind! slya kumakain. "She Is not eating.” Kallangan ko ang diyaryo. "Ineed the newspaper.” Hindi ko katlangan ang diyaryo. “I don't need the newspaper." ‘amt lang ang pupunta. “We are the only one going” ‘Hind! lang kami ang pupunta, “We are not the only one going.” fea: some of the uses of sa are as follows: ‘Locative marker: May zipper sa likod. “There's a zipper in the back” ‘Walang. paling sa likod/likuran. “There's no shark at the back” May Dallk siya sa ulo "He/she has a loose nut in the head.” Direction marker: Pupunta siya sa palengke. '5/He ts going to the market." 4, Culture: Concern and care for other's welfare is also an ingrained Filipino trait. The most common greeting expressions and conversation openers such as “Where are you going”, Saan ka galing? "Where have you been?" ee. reflect this tralt. ‘The all-out show of care and concern, however, can be easily misconstrued by foreigners as a case of nosiness especially when the greetings and openers strike them as an intrusion into their privacy instead of as a gesture of frendship and goodwill. How would one take these openers? ‘Tumataba ka yata ngayon. "I think you are getting fatter (stouter} now. Magkano ang bill mo nlyan? “How much did you pay for that?" Maghano ang suweldo mo sa “How much does Peace Corps pay you?" Peace Corps?11, MULTI-PURPOSE PUBLIC TOOTHBRUSH . "Where is my’ ‘Just a moment, Saninio. t'm, toothbrush (herel sul using it for dyeing shoes.” nasaan where" dito/rito “here” sandali “moment, second” ginagamit “using” (a goal topic verb) Tang “only, just. merely" (a particle) Pa “still, yet, more, else” (a partic pang-dye for dyeing, object to dye with" sapatos “shoes” b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Bote ba ang hinahanap? 2. Toothbrush o bakal ang hinahanap? 3. Sino ang gumagamit ng toothbrush? 4. Ano ang ginagamit sa toothbrush? ¢. Grammar: dite: A word belonging to a set of localive or directional demonstratives. Here are the members of the set: dito/rito "here" diyan/riyan, “there (near]" doon/roon “there (fax)" Nols: dmay change to x when preceded by a vowel. ‘asaan: An interrogatlve /question word for where used when there is no verb or adjective, started or implied, in the sentence, Otherwise, saan is used. Here are question-answer sentences to consider: a we BEST COPY AVAILABLENasaan ang babae? “Where is the woman?” Nasa llkod (ang babae). “(The wornan is} at the bac) Nasaan siya? "Where is he/she?" Nartto (siya). “(He/She) is here.” ‘San ka (pupuntal? “Where are you going?” Sa Maynila (ako pupunta). "Um going to) Manila. Saan siya kumakain? “Where is he/she eating?" Dito (siya kumakatn), ‘(He/she is eating) here.” 7 San kallangan ang parol? “Where is the lantern needed?" Doon (kailangan ang parol). ‘(The lantern is needed) there." ‘sandal! Jang: “Just a moment" (fixed expression) lnagamit: a goal topic verb. ee | Ginagamit ko tyon. “Lam using that." Ginagamit mo ang toothbrush, “You are using the toothbrush.” 1 Hindi ko ginagamit ang “Tm not using the shoes that you ' ‘sapatos na kallangan mo, ood” Pang-+ This affix indicates the use of what its affixed to, eg pang-dye “for dyeing” ang-tpit “for pressing, squeezing” d. Culture: 1m rural areas, consent is implied by proximity. Interpersonal boundaries are ‘most naturally permeable, The need for defining boundaries can be an imposition aand interpreted as the need to create distance. ‘Many personal things lke face powder, lipstick, elc. are shared by some clvee friends and co-members of the family, and, generally and ideally with the owner's consent. But, not things like toothbrushes. ‘That's carrying the value of sharing {00 far.12, SHE CALLED A CARPENTER, NOT A PLUMBER. “Santnlo, thie faucet keeps on. ‘dipping. Please Bx it” {nattic & co. [feasta, 170 so. su20 Tone ctieo, ens! Ho “do, make, fie" fa goal tople verb) ‘Tulo ng tulo ba ang grtpo? 1 2. Sino ang Unawag? 8. Ano ang ginawa nl Saninlo? c. Grammar: Repetitive action: To indicate this action, actor topic verbs are repeated and Linked ‘by nglor nang), and they may occur unallixed. eg: ‘Tulo nang tulo ang grtpo. “The faucet keeps on dripping.” ‘Tulo ba ng tulo tyan? "Does that keep on dripping?*™ Kain nang kain ang dyanitor. “The Janitor keeps on eating.” Kain ba siya ng kain? "Does he/she keep on eating? gawin: A goal topic vert, may be used as an imperative or infinttive. eg: imperative: Gawin mo yan. Gawin mo ang gripong kal.angan ko.Infinitive: Kailangan kong gawin ito, “I need to do/smake/fix this.” Kallangan mong. gawin lyong "You need to fbx the faucet that is ‘gripong tumutulo, dripping.” a. Culture: ‘What's the joke in the comic strip? Take your pick from any of the following: 1, Lady, I'm sorry but you know better than asking a nut to do a plumbing job. 2. T'm Just a true-blooded Filipino who stil finds st awfully hard to say "no" - especially toa lady. No, I can't do it, but Ill do the best I can. She would read ‘the message: "Call a plumber, yout..." But talle about resourcefulness; he 1s Teally one! You must give that to him, cS Another FUNCTION - FORM illustration. Be prepared for complicated jobs, but do the Job as easily as possible. The Country is held together with "gomat (trips of rubbet) and “otra” (plastic twine),13. WALANG LAMAN ANG ISIP “sie “By the way/Yeah, “Yes, go ahead. “Br, st. that's right. Your Sayihatson your nahing sr mind is empty.” mind?" Hom... BALMICE COS 57 HORT Sanuugo: Yes? Go AED Jasin Mo ANE NASA SIP: Mo a. Docabulery: sabihin “say, tell” (goal topic verb) nasa locative marker (see #11) isip “mind, thought ho/po *sir/nia'am” (an honorific particle) oo nga pala “by the way/oh, yes/yes, that’s right” walang laman empty” b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Kumakain ba ang boss? 2. May sinabt ba ang subordinate? 3. Bakit wala slyang masabi? c, Grammar: sabihin: An imperative infinttive goa! topte verb. eg: Sabihin mo ito. “Say this." Sabihin mo ang kallangan mo, “Say what you nee AInfinitive: Kallangan kong sabihin lyon, “Lneed to say that.” Kallangan mong sablhuin, "You need to say it d. Culture: Obviously, the subordinate has something very important to tell or ask the boss. Im the conversation, he is feeling his way forthe right opening to say it. Generally, Filipino conversation “leelers" are relatively long and the conversation goal may be hunted or vaguely stated. The westerners need to develop patience and sensitivity in dealing with the Fiipino's tendency to "beat around the bush’ and | towards indireciness and vagueness in resolving problems ifhe does not want to have ulcers. At the core ofthis tendency is hiya “saving face and/or avoiding losing face” to attain or sustain smooth interpersonal relations. But obviously, too, the boss ts not a typical Filypino, and that’s part of the whole Joke. It would not be surprising ifthe poor guy in the strip thinks that the boss is ‘walang hiva,14, MASAKIT NA TINGIN “ouch wn “ite Dad wan gen a ae Jook that hurt” (Saat rise aaa Nine ec aray “ouch” (an interjection) tatay “dad, father" st a topie marker for a person's (or personalized object's) given name tintngnan ‘was looked at” (a goal tople verb) ako “T (tople pronoun) nang an adverbial marker b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Umnttyak ba st Boyong? 2. Ang tatay o nanay ang tumingin sa kanya? 3. Bakit nag-aray sl Boyong? c. Grammar: ‘at A topic marker for a person's glven name, eg: May sapatos st Mike. “Mike has a pair of shoes.” ‘Nasa likod si Tweety. “Tweety (a bird) is at the back.” ‘Walang sakil st Mr. Cruz, "Mr. Cruz is not stct Kumakain si Ben Tan ng pating, "Ben Tan eats sharks.” Nakalimutan ko si Doggy. “forgot Doggy." Kailangan mo st Rosa, "You need Rosa.” 2sako: A topic pronoun. eg: anitor ako, 1m a Janitor.” May edyas aio. sThave socks/stockings.* ‘Wala akong kanin, “have ne rice." Hind! ako kumakain, “Tm not eating” Bakit mo ako nakallmutan? “Why did you forget mez" Kallangan mo ba ako? "Do you need me? nang: adverbial marker. ee: ‘Tiningnan mo siya nang masakit. “You looked at him in a hurting way.” ‘Kumakain ako nang mabuts, “Teat/am eating well” tiningnan: A goal tople verb (root is Lingin and actor tople form ts tumingin). eg: ‘Tumingin ang tatay na tiningnan mo. “The father whom you looked at looked." ‘Tumingin st Ed hast tiningnan mo siya, "Ed looked because you looked at whim." d. Culture: IneMdentally, Just a word of caution, Some violent fights start from Just an innocent stare or ust from eye-to-eve contact between strangers or people notin good terms with each other, And by the way, aray Is not appropriate for the dagger look, but the dagger. yes. And more, perhaps?15. CE FOR A COCO(NUT) = ICE BUKO Hey, whose ice is that?” “Tobe putin water” “No” ee vy "hey, gee” kaninotng) “whose, to/from/with whom" yelo tee" kay “locative/directional (possession marker for person's given name) Hlalagay ‘will be put in” | tubig "water" b, Comprehension Questions: 1. Yelo ba ang dala? 2, Mlalagay ba a tub ang yelo? 3. Kanino ang yel 4: Ano ang gidwa sa yelo? c. Srammar: Asking and answering kaning to indicate possession. eg: Kantno ang tubig? “Who does the water belong to?" Kay Fred ang tubig. “The water belongs to Fred.” Kantno tyan? "Whose ts that?" Sa dyanitor ito, “This belongs to the janitor.” auKanino tyong diyaryo? “Whose is that newspaper?” Kay Mr. Cleto. I's Mr. Cleto's.” Kantnong sapatos ito? "Whose shoes are these?” Sa babae. “They're the woman's.” Note the ligature /linker attached to kanino in a phrase. Mialagay: a goal topic verb. eg: Nalagay ko ang tubig na may “Tl put the water that has ice tn yelo sa bote. it in the bottle.” Nalagay ko st Al doon kast “rll put Al there because he is not hind! na siya kumakain, eating anymore. a. Culture: Folk wisdom indicates that the docile beast of wisdom, the carabao (kalabaw) will only take so much. It will work itself well beyond the call of duty, but if taken advantage of it will change. Mostly Filipinos feel a close affinity or identification with the carabao. Filipinos are not infinitely accommodating.16. ABOUT MARCOS, FROM THE LIVING DEAD “What's the favorite soft “Layal True Orange” drinks of the loyalists?” Uocobulary: ano what" Paborito “favorite” mga “pluralizer" soft drinks “inumin® b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Pating ba ang pinag-uusapan? 2. Softdrinks o bakal ang pinag-uusapan? 3, Ano ang paborilong iturin ng mga loyalist? ¢, Grammar: ‘Asking and answering Ane - "Questions" ‘Ano ang Royal Tru-Orange? “What's a Royal Tru-Orange?” Soft drink ang Royal Tru-Orange. "Royal Tru-Orange is a soft drink.” Ano ito? “What's this?" Yelo yan. “That's tee." ‘Ano slya? “What's he/sher™ Marcos loyalist siya “He/she 1s @ Marcos loyalist." Ano st Tom? “what's Tom?" Ballk siya. “He is a Balk.” d. Culture: ‘A loyalist is 2 Marcos die-hard; he dies for Marcos and/or his money. But, man, it can be an endless death if t's for the money! Unless of course one swims (and drowns) in an ocean of Loyal Tru-Orange drink. wo tO17. TICKLISH SOLUTION Mr. Golem ts sad” “Dyant, go make him laugh.” malungkot “sad” ‘patawanin “be made lo laugh" b. Compr slo jons: 1. Masaya ba st Mr. Golem? 2. Si Dyanto si Boyong ang magpapatawa sa kanya? 3. Bakit tumawa si Mr. Golem? ce. Grammar: patawanin: A causative goal tople verb (root is Lawa). ‘The topic is caused, rade, asked, told, etc. to do what the verb indicates, e.g. Patawantn mo ang dyanttor. ‘Make the Janitor laugh." Patawanin mo siya. “Teli/ask him/her to laugh.” allangan kong patawanin “Teed to make the lady who ‘ang babaing (umingin dito. looked here laugh.’ Xatlangan kong patawanin st “Inced to make Jase laugh because ‘Jose kast malungkot siya. he is sad." Xallangan kong tumawa; “I need to laugh; let/make me laugh.” patawanin mo ako. d. Culture: ‘When one finds ajeke too corny such that tt cannot even ellelta grin, you may say: He, he, het iin mo nga “He, fe, he! Tickle me please so that ‘ako para ako tumawa, {would laugh.” But, make sure he is one who can stil be a good friend afterwards.18, BELATI "1m taller than you.” Mas wataickad ko KesA $4 Yo! , Bocabulery: mas ‘matangkad ‘kesa/kaysa matanda “old” sa iyo "you, to you" delat aan expression to signal ridicule naman “on the other hand, also” (a particle) b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Matangkad ba sllang dalawa? 2. Matanda o matangkad ang #1? 3, Sino ang mas malanda? c, Grammar: Comparative adjectives. ea: Mas matangkad siya kaysa sa iyo. “He/she is taller than you." Mas masakit ito kaysa riyan. “This is more painful than that.” Mas matanda st Al kaysa kay Ed, “Alls older than Ed.” Mas matangkad ako kaysa sa dyanitor. “I'm taller than the Janitor." 34Note: Pseudo verbs like kallangan may be used to indicate comparison. eg: Mas kallangan ko siya kaysa “"Ineed him/her more than (1 ay Ruy, need) Rudy.” Mas kailangan mo ang bote “You need the boitie more than aysa the newspaper.” Mas kailangan ko ang tatay “Ineed your father more than you." mo kaysa sa yo. d. Culture: “The less Westemized or sophisticated Flllpino may not see or appreciate the joke in this particular comic strip. In locano, the words for “old man” and "old woman" are lay and bakel, and, in Pangasinan, masiken and akulaw, respectively, and the word for spouse” (husband/wife) Is asawa. AS It used lo be, many locanos and Pangsinans do not refer to their spouses aa their asawa but, instead, thele 1akasy/masiken or baket/akulawr with the feeling of love, respect and reverence associated with the value of the "gray hair’.19, LUCKY SHOT? "Was shot on the head! Made him look like Spidermant™ By Tonton Young NGEK ? NASYUT SA’ Wo?’ NAGPARANG SPIDERMAN? {ang/kay) sarap “how delicious/nice" ito this" hamon cham" nasyut ‘was shot (from basketball “shoot” syut} ula chead” nagparang “became like” (from parang "seem, appear, like") b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Masarap ba ang hamon? 2, Saan nasyut ang balot? 3, Nagparang ano ang lalaki? ¢. Grammar: ito: A word belonging to a set of demonstratives whose members are as follows: nto this ng mga ito “hese” nlyan that (near!" ng mga yan those (neary" noon “that (far 1g mga fyon “those (Car)” ang/kay sarap: An intensive adjective. e ‘Ang/Kay sarap nitol "How delicious this ‘Ang/Kay tanda noong dyanttor! ‘How old that Janitor is ‘Ang/Kay tangkad mol “How tall you are” ‘Ang/iKay tangkad na babael “What a tall giel/womant” ‘Ang/Kay sakit na Ungin noont "What a hurting look that was!”Na- of nasyut.nalpit indicates accidental action. on Nasyut ang bola sa ring. “The ball was shot into the ring." Nalpit ako rito! "T got caught/wedged in here!" ‘agparang: From naging became" and parangse ~. appear. look, like". ce. Parang pating si Pepe. "Pepe looks like a shark.” Parang masarap to. “it Seems this Is delicious." Parang may diyaryo ryan. “It seems there's a newspaper there." Parang nakalimutan mo. “it appears you forgot i. Parang tiningnan ko fyon. “it seems I looked at that." Naging parang dyanitor/ “Jose became like a Janitor.” Nagparang dyanitor si Jose. ‘Naging tubig ttong yelo. “This ice became water.” ‘Naging pating yon. “That became a shark.” Naging parang pating/ “That became like a sharia.” ‘Nagparang pating iyon, d. Culture: ‘The writer of the strip treats the male character of this strip like a chameleon poking fun at how he looks. Here, he is not only made to look like spiderman but ade to have a head shaped like a piece of ham. If poking fun at looks that only a doling mother can love is not your bread, you may say: He, he, hel Kiltn mo nga ‘ako para ako tumawa." 37 |20. ANG ANGHANG! “He the apleiness okey, Saninio?” aiuTIe & Co. : : SF By Rnd Samtagn OEY. Bre ST anghang “spletness, hotness" maanghang “hot, peppery, spicy” 1, Kurrakain ba silang dalawa? 2) Matamis o maanghang ang kinakain? 3, Bakit napalundag st Saninlo? Ma- adjectives: The stem or root of adjectives may be used as nouns. eg: maanghang “spicy, hot. peppery” matangkad anghang *splciness, hotness" tangkad masakit “painful, hurting” matanda sat “pain, iliness" tanda” Many nouns and verbs are adjectivaized by Ma-. eae laman “content, flesh" yelo malaman “fleshy, joaded” mayelo swater™ patingd. Culture: ‘Many people find food unappetizing without pepper. or hot spice or seasoning. To meet this demand for hot food, food manufacturers dish out food in pairs, hot and plain. So, if one's tactile organs are like that of Saninlo, you really have to clear your eyeglasses before buying your groceries. Poor, Saninlo. The cook is @ Bicolana. (just a cullural stereotype.) See the difference between these two short exchanges: 1. A: Kumusta ka? “How are you?" 'B: (Mabutl naman) “Fine.” 2, A: Kumusta ka? “How are your” B: (Tipsily) Mabott naman. “or BEST Copy AVAILABLE21. CUSTOMER I$ NOT ALWAYS RIGHT “Tdont like this. 1 lke itwell-done.” “Well, Is okay now?" ayoko 1 don't Itke/ refuse" (from ayaw ko) gusto “uke, want” b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Fried chicken ba ang pagkaln? 2. Gusto o ayaw ng lalaki ang pagkaluto? 3. Ano ang nangyart sa manok? c. Grammer: gusto and ayaw: Pseudo verbs like kailangan, cg: 1, With indefinite objects: Gusto ko ng kanin. yaw ko ng tublg. Kallangan ko ng yelo, Gusto mo ba nilo? Ayaw ko nlyan. Kailangan mo noon. 2, With definite objects: Gusto ko ang kanin. Ayaw mo ang tubig? Kallangan ko ang yelo. Gusto mo ba ito? Ayaw ko fyan, "L want (some) rice." don't Ike (any) water.” need (some) ice." "Do you lke something like this?” “I don't want anything like that.” "You aeed something like that.” "Like the rice.” jon't you want the water?” “need the tee." “Do you like this?” “don’t lke that.”Kallangan mo lyon, *You need that. Gusto ko st Fred. “Twant Fred. ‘Ayaw 1a si/kay Rosa. You dislike Rosa.” ‘allargan mmo ba ako? "Do you need me?" ‘yaw ko sa lyo. "don ke you." d, Culture: ‘A dominant Philippine value is what Fr. Frank Lynch calls “social acceptance” - the feeling of not being disliked, unwanted, disparaged, insulted, ete. In the strip, the male character does not exhibit this vaiue (being a nul). So probably, the cook "socked it to “em” by giving him what he hankered for. Tit for tat. ‘And this Just tells you to be nice to one's cook even if she were your sweet mother-in- law. Give her the feeling that she belongs. Otherwise, the toast and eggs are burnt, the coffee to0 black, the soup too bitter or flat, and the like. You sure would regret i that you got married if she were your own wife! Filipinos are emotional. ‘Simple comments take an intensified messages, which slimulates extreme responses. ‘The intensity of the interaction Is Just as quickly forgotten, as long a8 you dont get serious in return, As mentioned before, Filipinos do not generally diferentiate between self and a particular action/activity. "Karamfhan sa mga Pinoy ay matampuhin.” jon22. SHE DID NOT HEAR A HYMN BUT A HIM “Tweet, tweet" paLTig'& Co_~ palimos “(let me have some) alms" (from limos “alms’) Comprehension Questions: 1, Masaya ba si Miss Tapia? 2) Thon o tao ang nartrinig nlya? 3. Ano ang hinthing! ng tao? Pa-: direct request similar to English "let me, may I". eg: Patingin ng diyaryo. “Let me take a look at the newspaper.” Palimos nga. “May Ihave some alms, please.” Pasyut nga. fay I take a shot, please. Palagay nga ng diyaryo ko riyan. “Let me put my newspaper there, please." Pagamit nga nito. fay | use this, please.” d. Culture: A cultural universal - Just one of those typical spinster Jokes. She is really very, very disappointed as shown by the word, ulol “crazy”, that she used. The word is Tather strong when the referent is a person. Incidentally, celbacy is stl foreign to many Filipinos. Strong social pressure Is applied on Universal memgg women to have a lfemate. 13 as though being single ot n not having a steady Yee oddly. Thus, match-miaking s a very common ox" or preoetupation friends match one up with another. One has tobe prepared to always fel pestered or annoyed if one does nat kriow how to play the game. 42THE ONLY REAL TEST 23. 1 wonder, i the watch Thought is waterproof, By Roni Santiago kaya “wonder” (a particle used in interrogation sentences to signal doubt) nabill “happentdwas able to buy” relo wate" para, “so that, in order to (a linker or conjunction) malgman be known" halika “come” (a fxed expression from hall + ka} When the word malaman fs accented on the last syllable, it means “fleshy or loaded". . Comprehension Questions: 1. Bago ba ang relo? 2, Water proof o hindi ang relo? 8, Pano malaman kung waterproof ang relo? Grammar: Goal topic verbs, nabilf root bill “buy” and malaman (root alam "know"). The affixes NA- and MA--AN indicate ability or accidental action, cg: NAS Nabltt ko itong relo sa lyo, “Iwas able/came (o buy this watch froin you," Natapos mo lyon. “You were able/happened to finish thal BEST COPY AVALASIF 43 rrNagawa ko ang relo. “Lwas able to fx the watch.” Nalpit mo siya roon. "You happened to wedge him in there.” Nahawa ko si Ben sa sakit ko, “Thappened to contaminate Ben with my ‘allment.” Nakain mo ba ang kanin? “Were you able fo eat the rice.” MAAN: Gusto kong malaman tyon. "Lwant to know that.” Para hindi mo ako makalimutan, *So that you won't come to forget you ‘Kallangan mong matulungan st Ed, “You need io be able to help Ed. Para matingnan ko st Jose. "So that I can take a look at Jose." x: Aword belonging to a set of topic pronouns. Members of the set are: ako “1 (speaker) ka "you" thearer) siya “he, she tayo (speaker and hearer) kamt "we" (speakers) kayo “you" (hearers) sila they" d. Culture: You are cool enough for a new watch, but you're still not {00 cool to wash dishes. 4424. HAPON SAAN? “please theow away this trast mine” _aainic & ©, Htapon “throw away" basura “garbage, trash’ ‘oho/opo ‘yes, sir/ma'am' (09 plus ho/po) b. Comprehension : 1. Tuwalya ba ang statapon? 2. Lumabas ba nig kuwarto st Dyant? 3. San itinapon ang basura? ¢. Grammar: Atapon: A goal topic verb, may be used as imperalive or infinitive. ¢.g. | a i apon mo ang pating na kumakatn "Get rid of the shark that eats ‘nglao people.” Hapon mo tyan doon, “Throw that away there.” infinitive Mas gusto kong lLapon it, 1 prefer to throw this away.” ‘yaw mong itapon ang basura rio, "You refuse lo get rid of the garbage here." Katlangan mo silang ttapon. “You need to throw them away.’ ! 4525. NOT IN SUCH A HURRY BALTIC & CO. a. Mocabulary: alam ‘cnow” (a pseudo-verb) pero ut" fa connector) iquor oy ina hurry *nagmamadalt” 1, Umiinom ba si Tom ng alak? 2. Alam ba nlyang polson/lason ang alak? 3, Nagmamadall o hindi si Tom mamatay? c. Sremmar: ‘alam: A pseudo verb like gusto. ayaw and kallangan. It occurs with a definite object. eg: ‘Alam mo ba ito? “Do you tow this?" Hindi ko alam tyan. “I don't know that.” ‘Mas alam ko fyon kaysa rito, “Lkenow that better than this.’ ‘Alam mo ang paberito ko. "You know my favorite.” 4. Cultures Futpinos carry thelr burdens lightly with humor, but a close look reveals that the majority live a hand-to-mouth existence. The anaesthetic value of alcohol is worth the risk of physical and financial damage. 46ONE PEACEFUL MORNING 26. Say, why are your ‘So that my mornin yes closed” won be ruined irl see you.” RUTIEw CO. iy Hani santas Para ANT MAStRA (ANG UMAGA RO RUNG MAKITA ITA. o. Vocabulary: nakapikit losed (eyes! masira fulned, destroyed, broken, out of order" umaga ning” kung if, when, whether” (a connector) nakita ‘can be seen’ kita 2 synchritizalion of the pronouns kot" and ka. ‘you b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Nakapikit ba ang miata ng babae? 2. Umaga o gabi sa cartoon? 3. Bald nakapikit ang mata ng babae? Srammar: naka: "to be in (he state of” ee: Nakapikit siya LUis/her eyes are closed.” Nakaipit ang necktie sa zipper. “The neckite Is caught in the zipper. Nakarelo si Tin “Tim is wearing a wateh, Hind! ka nakasapatos. “You are unshod.” Nakatuwalya tayo. “We are using towels, Nakabote ang table, “The water is in a bottle (bottled) 2 BEST COPY AVAILABLEmasira: A slate verb. The topic Is in that state indicated by the verb, eg Gawin mo ang relo kung masira, _ “Fix the watch when it's broken.” Para masira ang umaga mo. "So thal your morning is ruined..." 1 may also occur as a goal topic verb indicating ability or accidental action like makita, eg: Kallangan kong masira {yon, T need to destroy that. Kallangan kong makita si Luz. ‘need to see Luz.” Para makita mo stla, "So that you can see them’ Ayaw kitang makita, “Idon' want to see you.” ita: Used instead of ko and ka, e.: Dyanitor ita “You are my Janitor. Kallangan kita. “need you. Gusto kita, “Tltke you." Nakalimutan kita. “forget you. d. Culture: *Magbiro ka na lang sa lasing, huwag lang sa bagong gising.” (I's belter to joke with a drunk, but never with someone who Is newly awakened.)21, DAHIL $A ASAWA Because 1d rot iiavea wie then, yet ~~ By Roni Santis BG waa KON ASAIA Nuon! un/nuon/noon slempre/slyempre dab (sa) asawa ‘spouse (husband/wife) b. Co 0. $3 1. Maligaya ba ang childhood nt Tom? 2. Wala pa bang asawa slya nuon? 3. Bakit maligaya ang childhood ni Tom? c. Grammar: ‘oon: Used as a past time pronoun and as a connector. ee: Erongun/demonstrative: Masarap dito noon, Masaldt ito noon. c : . Kumakain siya noong tumingin ka. “It was nice here before. “This was painful then.” “He/she was eating when you looked.” Tulo nang tulo ang gripe noong “The faucet kept dripping when may tubg, ‘here was water.”dahil (sa): Connector. ‘Tumulong ako dahil sa tumulong kayo. _“I helped because you helped.” Masaya siya dahil umuwi ang asawa nlya. “She's happy because her. hhusband came home,” Culture: Tom. not in the wife's presence, case of sexual inferior you don't! The nut Is suffering from a severe Is trying too hard to project a macho image. Incidentally, machismo -- the attitude characterized by, among others, near- selfish assertion of one's virility and masculinity - so widespread among Hispanics is, to a large extent, a part of the Filipino’s psyche.29. @ KILLING FIELD? “this Is Luneta’. ‘A playground “A slayground” “Well, nowadays?" a, Vocabulary: e ‘well, er” (an initiator) ngayon, ‘now. this time, today" (a ime pronoun like noon). 5, Comprehension Questions: 1, Sa Baclaran ba sila pumunta? 2. Playground o slayground noon ang Luneta? 3. Ano na ngayon ang Luneta? ©. Grammar: (ime pronouns - tist) noon ‘before, then” ngayon “now, today” kahapon “yesterday” mamaya "Tater (today)* kagabt sTast night" bukas “tomorrow” kanina “a while ago” d. Culture: ‘{aneta, now called Rizal Park, san amusement plaza where one can have a good pew ofthe beautiful sunset on Manila Bay. It used to be an ideal and cozy place {or promenaders, but, now, one might lose one’s last centavo (o a muleiee ce Ser terse; one's giritriend to a hoodlum who may be a policeman, too. Sort of ‘@ Madison Square in the making, Slays me! Fazal Fitpinos see their urban brothers as ruthless survivors. “Marami ang ‘mga pating sa Maynila.” (There are many sharks in Manila.) BEST COPY AVAILABLE Si DO Ee | |29. UNHAPPILY MARRIED “My fend committed sue” YUNG KAIBIGAN Ko SNAG SUICIOE: “Gee, thats unusual” katbigan, Dinata “pachelor, single” aba “gee, gosh, ob [an interjection) pambihira/bihira “unusual, rare” 1, Namatay sa sakit ba ang kalbigan niya? 2, May asawao binata ang namatay? 3, Pambihira ba ang mamatay na binata? c. Grammor: (sentence word order) ‘The baste word order is: Nagsulcide sila. Kumakain st Al Pambihira ito. Nakalimutan ako. An alternative order Is this: Silay nagsulelde./ Sila, nagsulcide SIAL ay kumakain./ Si ‘Al, kumakain, Moy pambihira./ Ito, pambihira. ‘Ako'y nakalimutan./ Ako, nakalimutan, a & Comment (Predicate) {Topic (Subjec!) “Lwas forgotten. ‘Topic Lay/y/ Comment “They committed suicide.” "Alls eating.” “This 1s unusual.” “Twas forgotten.”30. JOKE LANG: MORE POWER TO YOU! "Mr. Golem, Is the water situation “tvs ertleal, indeed ‘ertical now?" MR GOLEM, CRITICAL NEA BA ANG. WATER ‘SITUATION. Noayon 1. Critical ba ang water situation? 2. Naligo o hind! si Mr. Golem? 3, Ano ang amoy ng taong hindi naliligo? b, Culture: Filipinos are generally hypersensitive to B.O. (body odor). One is in the right business Ifyou deal with things like bath soap, lotion, perfume, ete. Many people take'a bath more than once a day especially in summer months and use fotions and perfumes lke the crutch to the lame. Very important reminder: It is almost a crime to be grassy. ‘The “sentence” is rather heavy {f one “shoots” it out in the company of others especially at the ining table: it s worse than the penalty for driving a smoke-belching vehicle a wa. Culture: ‘Tom, watch it! Your wile and mother-in-law are right behind you! incidentally, t ineldence of sulcides is relatively very low. This 1s partly owed to the Filipino’s : time-tested spirituality that suggests, among others, the sacredness of fe. And. by the way, his spirituality outdates Islam and Christianity.JUST ONE OF THOSE MEN IN HER LIFE - POSTMAN, MERALCO 5 UUMAN, MILKMAN, ETC, Hello" “Yes? “la my wife there?” “Who ts this?” ste! 1, Tumawag ba ang lalaki sa misis nlya? 2. May sumagot o wala sa kansa? 3. Sino kaya ang sumagot sa tavag ng lalaks? c, Srammar: ‘ba'ng: A contraction of ba ang. ‘Asking and answering sina: ‘Sino ans dyanitor dito? “Who is the Janitor here?" thaw (arg dyasttor dito). “You (are the fanttor here)" Here, caw 1s used instead of ka, Sino st Fred? “Who 19 Fred" ‘Ako si Fred “Lam Fred" Sino ka? “Who are you" 81 Fred ako, “tm Eted* 4% Culture: He could smash Moses" stone tablets at her more violently than Moses did if she broke the 7th commandment. But, she is expected to be lovingy indulgent even she sees him doing a Caesar in Cleopatra's arms, In sum, this s the so-called Fillpino double-standard of morality. BEST COPY AVAILABLE 5532. HOY, GISING! 7 Hey Saninle, Wake up.” Why, mata?" "Tm Just seeing 'you are asi? “Nothing really. hoy “hey (an interjection) glsing ‘wake up" tinitingnan “being seen/looked at" tulog “asleep, sleep" b. 1. Tulog ba sf Saninlo? 2. Sinong gumising sa kanya? 3. Bakit siya gintsing? c. Grammar: ‘Unallixed imperatives: Actor topic verbs may be unaffixed as imperatives, eg: Gising! “Wake upl" Kaint “Batt” Tulogt “Sleepl Tingin doont "Look there!" Final stressed stem (or root) adjectives: Verb stems may be adjectivalized by stressing on the final syllable, Here are contrasts: tulog “slee, sulfe gsing swale up ising fapos “finish tapes “finished” sita reak, ruin’ sia, “broken, ruined, crazy" gamit ase, belonging’ gamit “ased™ d, Culture: Fulpinos really enjoy their hours of repose. Someone sleeping during waking al hours is fair game for being awaken in this way.55. BALUT! "alot goes wel wit beer: “Here's Mang Balot” ANG BAGAY D170. SA BEER, BALOT Y ic 7 bagay “ft, sult, match, deserving” Dalot/batut “oiled unhatched duck’s eggs" Mang aname affix stmilar to Mr.” Note: Mang Balut is actually a movie/TV comedian. b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Coke ba ang bagay sa beer? ‘2. Ano ang bagay sa beer? 3, Sino ang dinala ng bata? 4. Ano ang reaksyon ng dalawang nag-linuman? Grammar: Polar name aflixes: For professionals, Mc./Mrg, is used and added on to the full name or surname (Mr. Reyes, Mrs. Marie Cruz, etc.) and for non- professionals Mang/Aleng or Aling Is attached to the first name or nickname (Mang Ed, Aleng/Aling Maria, etc] 4. Culture: Balut is a botled about-to-be hatched duck’s egg. Eaten with salt tis usually vended tz the evening, But, why in the evening? One usually gets a naughty ‘wink or grin for an answer to this question. Simple folks believe it is an aphrodisiac delicacy. However, some can only take it i'eaten in the dark or alter a few rounds of beer. Here's a short exchange: Vendor; Balut! Balut! “Balutl Balutt” Child" Maintt po ba? “Is tt hot, sir?” Vendor: Maint, Boy! “i's hot, Boy. Child: Magpayong kat (Runs away “Use an’ umbrella!” . ‘and hides) 57 BEST COPY AVAILABLE 534, WHEN NORMAL IS ABNORMAL ee oe rope te von ‘BALTIC ECO. ALAM NYO MiSs TAPIA J SITOM, GENTLEMAS, NeAYON a. Vocabulary: nyo/ninyo “you (plural/polite)” talaga ‘really’ (a qualifier) siguro “maybe/perhaps" (2 particle) b, Comprehension Questions: 1, Dalawang lalakd ang nag-wusap? 2. Gentleman na ba 0 hindi pa st Tom? 3. Bakit naging gentleman si Tom? c. Grammar: ‘Qualifiers: A word-class of sentence additives that occur before or aller the sentence-part that they modify or qualify. ‘The qualifiers so far are: mas “more” hind! mga may bakit wala kailangan talaga “really” gusto bihira ‘rarely, seldom’ ayaw “dislike, refuse" Culture: Chivalry and concern for the weak (aged people, children, the sick, women?) are still important values. But like late martiages, sniall family size, pollution, and the Uke, low instance of practice of these values may be seen as an irreversible effect of industrialization and urbanization the world over. Women also know how to play with “affectionate hostilty.” Tom probably gives her the most male attention she directly gets in a day. —_ 58a7 5, REMEMBERS GOING STARVED YESTERDAY. 35. Why, what was BARI: ANONC “My allowance/ pocket money." kahapon “yesterday” aon ‘provision (food. money. utilities ele.) meron/mayroon, ‘presence of (fee form or bound form, may) Comprehension Questions: 1, StTom ba ang tinanong? 2. Dyaryo o bote ang hinahanap?— 3, Anong meron sa dyaryo? 4. Bakit hinahanap ang dyaryo? ¢. Grammar: May versus mayroon, e.g.: May pating doon, Mayroong pating doon. May tubig palat Mayroong palang tubig! May kalbigan st Ed dito, ‘Mayroong kalbigan | Ed dito. May asawa ba siya? Mayroon ba slyang asawa? Right: Mayraon. May asawa siya Wrong: May. May asawa siya, 4. Culture: “There is a shark there." "There is a shark there." "So, there ts water!" "So, there is water!” "Does he/she have a spouse?" ‘Does he/she have a spouse?” "He/she does. He/she has a spouse. “He/she does. He/she has a spouse. tn rural areas, this interpretation completely inaccurate. “Bort tn this case would be smoked or dried fish (red at home) with some kind of wrapped rice. Dyant is lesser than Bong and eats off ofa newspaper rather than plate. BEST COPY AVAILABLE 5936. HEALTH HAZARD b. e a. Tom, eve you “Look. you “Thank you. te i te: ah okay, tm already hungry.” “BALTIC ECW Vocabulary: ayos “okay” gutom “hungry” 51 : 1. Gutom ba st Tom? 2. Ano ang tbinigay sa kanya? 3. Bakit hindi niya tinanggap ang Ubro? Grammar: Final-stressed stem adjectives ays and guloin. Contrasts: ayes “fhe, epat” axe, “fixed, okay; trouble-free” giton "tangy" etan “hungry” Culture: ‘To be mataba “stout, fats stl a positive thing to many Filipinos. It connotes progress or prosperity - one has more than enough to eat. The opposite word, Davat'thin, scrawny, skinny” on the other hand, is ust that - the opposite. From this perspective, dieting is unmistakably a foreign borrawing made to lake root by medical science. However, to some, i 8 just one of those fads indulged in for the sake of betng "in" among the sosval "sophisticates" of society. ee, ‘cannot imagine to be a Karen Carpenter, the millionaire who died of unger! 60)CANNOT STAND OFF-KEY SINGING seer you maybe.” "Sanlno, here's “Let me see i'you can a ‘salty bun.” ‘still sing.” naroroon "state of being somewhere” (state verb form of naroon there’) pandisal “paly bun/rot inta “sing, song” | makakanta can sing” man i “even, ever” a particle) ». Comprehension Questions: 1, Naliligo ba st Saninlo? 3, Pandital o ensaymada ang thinigay? 3. Ano ang nangyari kay Saninlo dahil sa pandisal? ¢. Grammar: Maka-: Actor topte verb affix indicating ability or accidental action. Tingnan ‘be looked at" (a good topic verb). Here are Its conjugated fo ‘Tingnan mo sila. “Look at them, Huwag mong tingnan si Lou. “Don't look at Lou. Gusto kong tingnan ang pating, “Lwant to see the shark.” ‘Titingnan ko tyon, “UU take a look at that.” ‘Huwag mong titingnan si Rey. "Don't take a look at Rey.” ‘Tiningnan niya ako, “He/she looked at me." HindI'namin tningnan ang kanta, "We didn't look at the song." Tinltingnan kita. Hind! nila tinitingnan, BEST GOPY AVAILABLE aKio - set of pronouns: ko by me, my (speaker) namin by us, our (speakers) mo by you, your (hearer) ninyo by you, your thearers) natin by us, our (speaker natin ‘by us , our (speakers and heares) and hearers) ntya by him/her, his/her nila by them, thelr Culture: ‘The song, San Ka Man Naroroon, 's a kundiman -- the plaintive indigenous ove song/musie. And pandisal (rom the Spanish pan bread” de "with" and sal. “salt’) is the erispy, salty bun commonly dished out at the breakfast table.38. MINUS THE BOLLING PIN "Saninlo, you came home late again a, Vocabulary: ginabt “was late, overtaken by night” (from gabt "night, evening’) b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Natutulog ba ang babae? 2., Nagtaka ba st Saninlo? 3. Gabto hapon sa cartoon? 4, Bakit nakangitl ang babae? c. Culture: ‘There is a chronic cycle where the man gives control and familly management to his wife but insists on taking reciprocal nocturnal liberties. Office women spend a day at a time discussing how they deal with this “bargain” . Mast hate A, but tt is nearly impossible to stop. It is part of the “double standard” package. D we39. JUST AN ITCH “Please scratch my back.” KANUTIN MO NGA ANG LIKOP Ko) a, Vocabulary: din/rin "also, too, either” (a particle) utak "brain" kamutin “be scratched" (an imperative goal topic verb) b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Kallangan ba si'Tom? 2. Utak o mata ni Tom ang kallangan? 3. Ano ang pinapagawa kay Tom? 6440. MISTAKEN IDENTITY “Saninlo, why did you buy a TY. be this, here's no picture?” BALTIC & CO. ASINLO BART GANITO ANG BINIL a. Doegbulary: ganito “ike this! Binitt “was bought" (a goal tople verb) ‘alang “from wala+ -ng b. it 1, ‘TV ba ang binilt nt Saninlo? 2, Toaster o oven ang binili nf Saninlo? 3, Bakit walang picture ang TV? c. Grammar: genito: From gaya ‘lke" and nilo "this. Related forms are. ganiyan ‘like that (near!" ganoon "uke that (fae)” Culture: Filipinos have their own "keep up with the Jones” (Gaya-gaya) eg One would buy a toaster-oven through installment plan, that is only used to toast bread twice a week. ‘A refrigerator would be occupied entirely with cold water.41. FORGETFUL - DUE TO AGE “How vulgar you are. You Bul you don't dont remember my fexged my age” birthday." BALTIC & CO. . # By Roni Santiago [sActA (PERO, HIND Mae, WO] MO MATANDAAN ore ik Hit IRTHAY_ KO a, Vocabulary: sagwa “gross, vulgar. ugly” ul form ts masagia) matandaan an be emeribere oa ole ve ralimtan/makalimutan “ean be forgoen’ (goal tople ero) edad “age” ‘Tandaan may be used to emphasize a started point. Someone may “Tandaan mo ito...." meaning something close to “Mark my word. b. Comprehensic _Questions: 1. Natandaan ba ni Tom ang birthday ng asawa nlya? 2. Edad o birthday ang natandaan ni Tom? 3. Ano ang hindi malimutan nl Tom? ¢. Grommar: Sagwa mo: From Ang/Kay sagva mg! "How gross you are!” a. Culture: Filipinos are indeed sensitive to age. It 1s good if someone ts still “nasa kkalendaryo pa rin" or still on the calendar (31 years or less) and single!42. RECYCLED JOKE My cousin committed “Nor “Surprising” suletde, “Married?” BALTIC & CO. 8, Vocabulory: nagsutcide “committed sulcide” pinsan “cousin” Kratakcataka “surprising, astonishing” b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Nagsuiide ba ang pinsan niya? 2: May asawa o wala ang pinsan riya? 5. Baki katakataka na tamatay siya? c. Grammar: Notice that sulcide ts in English. There is no single word in Tagalog to describe the same action. There are only alltxes to indicate when. 6743. FITTING ANSWER? “MWS? May ask for ‘some wale?” a. Vocabulary: pengeng garbled form of pahinging Mwss Metropolitan Water and Sewerage System b, Comprehension Questions: 1. May tubig ba ang gripo? 2. Ano ang linawagan niya? 3. Ano ang nangyari sa telepono? c, Grammar: pahingl: Dizoct request "may 1, let me", See #22. d. Culture: Provincials flock to urban areas to avail of the amenities only to find (hat circumstances are often worse than in the countryside.4a. NOT SHARP ENOUGH “What Lwant ofa man \sasharp head” ISTO KO SA I: LALAKI SEG RARE ARC CLO” eo, Yocabutery: isa “one, a* Talakty (lalakt ay) "man, boy, male” matalas “sharp, keen" hhasa “sharpen” b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Gusto ba ng babae ang bobo? 2, Ano ang gusto mya sa lalaki? 3, Ano ang ginawa ng lalaks? 4. Bakit pinahasa nlya ang kanyang ulo? c. Grammar: Numbers as modifiers: In modified phrases, numbers, like adjectives, are ligotured. os ssang bote “one/abotte* flalawang ltakt vo Boys/en” ‘long uo “three heads Anat babae “four giis/wor {nau matalas na lo “ve sharp heads 4. Culture: ‘As in so many other places, men are surprisingly naive about women. The prominence of ‘women's lib" has initiated some learning aniong Americans about thelr feunale partners. But the delayed arrival of the movement can often be seen here as a protected naivete, The clear separation of the sexes is stil appreciated in the country. “Women's Lib" is something of an economic luxury ‘ot yet initiated in the provinces. , BEST GOeY AVAILABLE 6545. MUST BE fl GI (GENUINE ILOCANO) "Go easy feconomize) ‘Ttought tobe. on the gas." everytime you turn over that magtipid “economize” (An imperative/infinitive actor topic verb) dapat “ought to, should, must” fa qualifie| uestions: 1, Naliligo ba ang babae? 2. NagUlipid ng gas o hindi ang babae? 3. Pano siya makapaglipia? Srammar: Dapat as qualifier, ¢.g.: Dapat (na) kumain st Val, Dapat tayong magtipid. Hindi ka dapat (na) tumingin, Dapat ba akong tumawa? Dapat mong gawin ang TV. Dapat ko bang kamutin ang kod niya? Hindi natin dapat (na) {ingnan ang mga lyon. ‘Ano ang dapat niyang gawin? “Val has to eat.” “We ought to economize.” “You should not loo} "Do I have to laugh?” “You've got to ix the TV set. “Should I scratch his back?" “We should not jook at those." "What must ie/she do?" i.qd. Culture: Filipinos (except the well-off) are ambivalent towards “modern” utilities and appliances. One may buy a P 2,000 toaster oven used to toast bread about twice aweek, no cakes. no brownies, What is important is its presence in the kitchen rather than its real utility Many husbands resent thelr wives insistence on items like a gas stove where charcoal would do. Men feel that they have to work extra hard to accommodate their wives with these public display without the benefit of due recognition for {her efforts which in thetr minds justifies seeking “parks outside ofthe move" Wsa trade off. af46. SEE? HE HATES HIS MOTHER-IN-LAW “Hu, huhu" ' ae BALTIC & CO. "VL go lve with my mother.” ‘Thats better than your mother living herel* ‘By Roni Santiago titra “will llve/stay" (an actor topic verb) kesa from kaysa (see # 18) b. nslo 1, Masaya ba ang babae? 2. Sa mother o sa father siya ttira? 3. Bakit mas okay kung sa mother siya titira? c. Grammar: Emphalic topic sentences, Topc_Lang Comment. | Contrasts: Malungkot st Al, Sino ang malungkot? SL Al ang malungkot. ‘Mas matanda ka. Sino ang mas matanda? Tkaw ang mas matanda. ‘Tumingin siya rito, Sino ang tumingin dito? Slya ang tumingin dito. ‘Titira ang mother mo rito, Sino ang Utira tito? Ang mother mo ang ttura rito, c. Culture: vals sad.” “Who is sad?" “Alls sad.” “You are olde “Who Is older?" "You are older.” “He/she looked this way." ‘Who looked this way?" "He/she looked this way." ‘Your mother will live here.’ “Who will live here?" “Your mother will live here.” One of those universal mother-in-law Jokes,ere" THE COOK 1S, BUT NOT THE COOKING 4. ‘pong coenyourin kw “Yous Its “Ae the caren ot tasty” ook vel” retfiening” dnc” BALTIC & CO By Roni Santiago’ #0, Huwol NAISARA- a, Docabulary: magluto “cook” (an actor tople verb) blyenan ‘parent-in-law’ nakakataba “fattening” b. Comprehension Questions: | 1. Masarap magluto ang blyenan nt Bong? 2. Nakakataba ba o hindi ang luto nlya? 3, Masarap o hindl ang luto niya? ¢. Grammar: Nakaka- An adjectivalizing affix; t adjectivalizes state verbs and other adjectives, Contrasts: mahawa “be contaminated/infected" nakakahawa “contagious/infectious” masira be broken/ruined/destroyed”* nakakasira "destructive" magutom "be hungry" rakakegutom "ean make one hungry" mataba Tat. stout” nakakataba Yaltening” malungkot nakakalungkot 4. Culture: Mother-in-law Jokes are universal, but degrees vary between the PhU, and U.S. 148 very comman for newly wed Fulpines to live with their in-laws alter marriage, With some couples, Its perceived as mandatory. The pattern of continued symbiosis is set in those early years of marriage. . 73 BEST COPY AVAILABLE48. MACHO? If you dont ask for Well, what now? a Won't you ask for an apology?" lalayasan “will be deserted” (a goal topic verb) ‘mag-aapologize “Tithing! ng paumanhin/tawad.” b, Comprehension Questions: 1. Lalayas ba ang lalala? 2. Galit ba o hindi ang babac? 3. Sino ang dapat mag-apologize? c. Gramm: layas as actor and goal topic verbs, e.g.: Dapat lumayas si Olga kung “Olga should pack up and Talayasan siya nl Boris. ‘0 i Boris deserts her.” i Sino ang dapat lumayas? ‘Who should leave (in a hue" ' Sino ang dapat nlyang layasan? "Who does he/she need to desert?” d, Culture: Generally, Westerners expect the expression of one's feelings verbalized -- and ushing profusely with such big words as “awfully”, “heartily”, ‘wholeheartediy", gratefully’, “downright”, etc. -- where Filipinos would hardly utter a word. other words, in certain situations where Westerners would tend towards the verbal language, Filipinos would instead employ the “silent” or non-verbal language. For instance, a child did something wrong and needs to ask for an apology from his mother. Instead of saying "'m awfully sorry for what I did..., the child may Just quietly walk up to his mother, sit on her lap, and hug and kiss her. Or eagerly volunteering to run an errand for the mother would be it. The mother ‘would read the message. Reminder: Don't feel bad if good friend does not make mention of past favors, ills, ee. that you gave him/her. 7449. HoT! “Mommy, 8 this “Yes, taste” “1 poured a tot of soup hot? pepper into it” BALTIC & CO. ~~ By Roni Santiazo | i (Mommy, MANIT [-TINAMBARAN KO NG) HO BA anes SILI Yan? : SLURP a. Docabulary: mainit “hot” tikman “Be tasted" (a goal tople verb - root ts tam "taste" tinambakan ‘was heaped/piled on’ fa goal topte verb root is tambals"heap/pile’ sill “pepper” b. ci uestions: 1. Pansit ba ang kinakain? 2. Matnit o malamig ang soup? 3. Ano ang itinambak sa soup? c. Culture: ‘Maanghang and not mainitts the term for the biting taste of sili"pepper" ‘She must be a Bicolana who learned Tagalog via English.50. ADOBO "Saninlo, taste what ‘What's that, ma‘am?™ “Pork adobo without Toooked" BALTIC & CO. {fsa Trenan - MO sToWe IWiLOTO a, Vocabulary: iniluto “was cooked" (a goal topic verb - root is lulo."cook’) adobo ‘a meat dish cooked in vinegar. black pepper. garlic, soy sauce and oll” baboy “pig, pork" tukman mo “Laste it" (a goal topic verb - root is "Likim”) b. Co hens! ui si 1, Nagluto ba ang Nanay? 2, Ano ang iniluto niya? 3, Gusto ba ni Saninio ang niluto ng Nanay? c, Culture: {In rural areas, adobo Is a spectal dish because it requires meat. This could be interpreted as a sweet gesture of the wife cooking favorite special dish, even. though they could not afford the special ingredient. It is a delicacy. Adobong, ‘manok (chicken), aso (dog), baboy (porld... adobong anything Is great.St. DECEMBER COUP JOKE “1 told you, they "Because, si “Whe the woutd lose.” they have no Purefoods “Those Imports.” eam rebela- a, Vocabulary: sabi ko sa tyo "told you so” (Rxed expression) matatalo “will lose fa state verb) e ‘you see" (a terminator signalling that the main ppart of the utterance is an explanation for a state-of-affalr) kast “Ut's} because” (a particle and a connector} pyurfuds mangled spelling of Purefoods - basketball team rebelde “rebel” b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Basketball ba ang pinag-wusapan nila? 2. May import ba sila o wala? ‘3. Ano ang kanilang pinag-uusapan? c. Grammar: ‘Terminators - forms occuring at the end of sentences: The common ones are as follows: 2 “looks, listen" Matatalo sila, ol “They will tose, look!” Heto, of “Here, look!"e . 4 Rebelde slya, e. "He/she is a rebel, you see.” Wala. e. “No/Nothing, you see.” a a Masarap ang pating, a Malungkot dito. a. "Sharks are delicious, if I may say so.” ‘i's sad here, sad to Sy.” ba “you got to believe it” Masarap Ito, ba. “Take my word, this Is delicious," Katlangan ko sila, ba. “Tena thes, and you have to take my word for it." ha . * ‘Gawin mo tyan, ha? “Do/Fix that, huh?” Gawin mo tyan, hat "Do/Fix that, hal” d. Culture: Jn professional basketball, the Philippines counterpart of the American NBA Conference is the PBA (Philippine Basketball Association) Conference. ‘Some of the regular teams are Purefoods, Alaska, San Miguel, Ginebra San Miguel, Shell and Sarsi. In two of the three sertes ofthe conference, local players are reinforced or beefed up by "imports", usually American professional dribblers. Im the December 1989 coup that almost toppled the Aquino government, a curious and funny incident took place. it was at the Channel 4-TV station ‘where a group of pulchists were holed out and surrounded by government Soldiers. Apparently wanting to break the monotony of impatiently waiting for the ‘two warring sides to shoot tt out, the onlookers at the place injected fun in the waiting drama by calling the rebels the Ginebra San Miguel team and the ‘government men the San Miguel team with all the cheering and teering, hoopla ofa tight basektball contest. And Just as the American jet Tretnforcemenis" came everybody clapped and chorused: “Wey, here come the imports!” | | i \52. GREASY GUITAR were are you going” “Wall. That's a plece of ham you are going to spirit it away (ach), har CTEKAS HAUON YAN ALL Cetevrisre Wo os) air se pupunta, “will go/come” (an actor topic verb) magkakaroling ‘wil go carolling’ (an actor topic verb) teka “wait” (from hintay/maghintay ka "you walt") spupusitt ‘wil be epited away/Nche (a goa opie verb {aino “is that It, Isn't that so" (a tag-question} b, Comprehension Questions: : 1. Magkakaroling ba sila? 2. Ano‘ang dala nila? 3. Baldt hamon ang dala nila? c. Culture: Part of the Christmas celebration is carolling. People, adults and children alike, go from one home to another singing or playing Christmas carols and tunes, Homeowners are expected to dish or shell out goodies or cash to them, However. one has to be ready to feel pestered now and then. for not only do they sometimes come at the wrong time but also, more often than not, sing off-key or inoadibly.53. GHOST? “Day is annoying! She “Thank goodness, it's plastered up dis wall torn easly.” aper on me again" ‘PUPUNG '¥ Tonton Young! BWISIT NA Day yan?’ BUTI-NA Lave FTIAARAL NA MAMAN, buwisit/bwtsit “annoying, pestering, Jinx" Day from Inday - a Visayan word for addressing a woman sa ‘kin/akin “me, mine” itinapal ‘was plastered/patched up on” butt “good (abbreviated fom of mabut ae mabut/butl na lang “Thank goodness" (a fteed expression) mabilis “fast” mapunit “be tom” (a state verb) b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Wall paper ba ang ttinapal? 2. Mahirap bang mapuntt ito? 3. Ano ang ginawa ng bata? 4. Sino ang nakakita sa kanya? c, Srammar: Directional, locative, possessive, etc, set of pronouns: sa akin “to/from me" (speaker) sa amin “to/from us" (speakers) sa iyo “to/from you" (hearer) sa. alin “to/from us” (speakers ‘and hearers} sa kanlya “to/from him/her" sa tyo “to/from you" (speakers) sa kanila “to/from them" oU54. MAN, AT LASTI Tom, Dyan and aes “sal sight now opin ae ging Dyant cat now Randle Tapia nag-aaway “Nghting* (an actor topic verb) kaya “can handle/tackle/afford” (a pseudo-verb) b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Nag-kukuentuhan ba sina Dyani at Miss Tapia? 2. Kallangan ba ni Dyan ang tulong? 3. Ano kaya ang nangyarl sa dalawa? c. Grammar: kaya as a pscudoverd takes a definite object. Kaya ko ang matangkad. “Lean handle the tall one, Kaya mo siya, "You can handle him/her, Hindi namin kaya ito. “We can not handle/afford this.” Mas kaya nlya si Ben kaysa “He/She can handle Ben better than sa akin, 1 Kaya ba kita? “Can I handle you?" a55. IMELDIFIC? DAM-ITI "Tom, I bought a “Just as I thought, new dress.” ‘there's bad luck” fannie 60: a. Vocabulary: bumilt “bought” (an actor topic verb) ago "new" damit velothes” sabi ko na nga “Just as I thought, I've been right all along " {xed expression} b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Basag ba ang salamin? 2. Damit o sapatos ang bint? 3. Ano ang bad luck? c. Culture: One of the Fuliptno beliefs is that breaking a mirror means 7 years bad luck. o wu56. ENCOREI! “Saninlo, can | make “Stop a request?” [paLTic & COL |. MAY YOOOR: : Das MEMS “Yes, ma'am." ®. Vocabulary: pwede/puwede “can be, possibly” (a qualifier) tumigil “stop” (an actor topic verb) b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Umllyak ba st Saninlo? 2, Nag-request ba si Maam? ‘3. Ano ang request niya? c, Srammar: puwede as a qualifier. eg: Puwede nang tumigil si Fe. Puwede ba akong magluto dito? Puwede ba tayong matalo? Puwede kong gawin tyan. Puwede nilang itapon ang mga ito, Puwede ba naming tingnani? “Fe may/can stop now." “Can T cook here?" “is t possible for us to lose?” “ean do/make/ttx that.” “They ean/may get rid ofthese." "Can we take a look att?"5?. BLAH BLAH... “Your lady frend “Any message?” “Yes, here, called pa wile Twrote ie mam” down. (pac ‘& CO. tumawag ‘ealled up)” amiga/o ‘lady/man friend” tstnulat “was Jotted/written down" (a goal topic verb) b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Mahaba ba ang message? 2. Sino ang tumawag? 3. Sino ang tumanggap ng message? ce, Culture: ‘Women talk a lot - universal stereotype,58. MISTAKEN IDENTITY nawala “lost” fa goal topic verb indicating ability or ‘accidental action) salamin “eyeglasses, mirror, windshield” b. Comprehension Questions: 1, May salamin ba ang lalaki? 2. Sino ang hinalikan nlya? 3, Ano ang ginawa niya pagkatapos? c. Culture: ‘Traditionally, younger people greet thelr elders by the reeting. “This expreasion la ullefed fe a signal tothe elder fo excend hio/er han for the young to press the back part of ton his/her forehead. Marly young people nowadays however, use the hoy and/or kis,59, CLEANED UP “Tom, | cleared "You are really “The pockets your pants." good at cleaning were cleaned, too ETS TOM ,NILINIS KO NA TONG PANTS Mo. 7 Ront Santiags Vocabulary: nilinis “was cleaned up” (a goal topic verb) maglinis “clean” (an actor topic verb) luminis “became clean’ {actor topic verb) malinis “clean” (adjective) magaling *good at, skiliful, smart, well" talaga “really” (qualifier) bulsa “pocket” b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Nilinis ba ang pants nl Tom? 2. Magaling bang maglinis ang babae? 3. Bakit magaling maglinis ang babae? nts as verb and as an adjective, +.g.: Hindl luminis ang kuwartong “The room that you cleaned niliis mo, pero noong ako ang id not become clean, but naglins, talagang malinis when I did the deantng. ‘was really clean.”60. PUZZLING PUZZLE “Tom what war song do youknowr song bride 1. Kumakanta ba al Tom? 2. Love song 0 war song ang kinakanta? 3. Anong war song ang alam ni Tom? "Green" jokes. If one is reared in the puritanical tradition still prevalent in ‘American society, one of the things that can be shocking to you here is the so-called “green” or men’s Jokes, especially when cracked by the opposite sex. ‘Among close friends, this is common place, and some ladies can outdo some ‘men at these jokes. Incidentally, one has got to be used to seeing people saying and doing things that you would feel ashamed saying or doing tn your norinal lle. For instance, on a provincial bus, some passengers, mo'es and females, shout at {he top of their voces: “Driver, stop! We want to uninatet” Then after the bus pails to the road side, men and women get off and troop to some grassy or bushy spots to jingle”. It would be lke being in the old west ~- with diferent Kinds of cowboys lst61. THE SOCKS NEED WASHING "Yourea "Bul her's no rat” “Ite Inside my r shoe!” a. Vocabulary: Pisa “crushed” Joob “inside” daga “rat, mouse" sapatos "shoe" b, Comprehension Questions: 1. Gallt ba ang matanda? 2. Daga o langgam ang pisa? 3, Nasaan ang daga? _ ©62. DOWN, NOT UP “Sorry, nothing's going upt “Everything gees down fecel™ a, Docabuleru: pataas “upward!” (root taas "up, above") puro ure, purely, entirely, all” (a qualifier) Pababa “ddownvrard” (root baba “down, below") Pasensiya “sorry” b. Comprehens‘on Questions: 1, Pataas ba ang Jalal? 2. San slya pupunta? 3, Ano ang sabi sa kanya? c. Grammar: Directional affix PA- eg. Pataas nang pataas ito, “This keeps on moving upward.” Pauwi na ako. "Tm on my way home now." Pa-Cebu ba sila? “are they headed for Cebu?" BEST COPY AVAILABLE $y63. HUNTED CLOTHESLINE “Thank goodness, the "Lean be hung out raln has stopped” dry at as salamat “thanks” huminto “stopped” (actor topte verb} wlan “rain” maarl/maaart ‘an, may, possibly” (qualifier, synoym of puwede) isampay “be hung up/out” (goal topic verb) b, Comprehension questions: 1, Huminto na ba ang ulan? 2. Ano ang gagawin sa multo? 3, Saan slya isasampay? JU64. BORN LOSER “Lost/Loser againt” —“t'm really “Even if cheat (him) unlucky! Ym sulla loser” sites a. Vocabulary: talo “lose, loser, lost” malas “bad luck" kahit (na) “although, even if (a connector) dayain "be cheated” (goal topic verb) b. Comprehe ns: 1. Talo 0 panalo sila? 2, Bakit siya malas? c. Culture: It should be noted how serlously Filipinos can take games and sports, Relatives have been known to murder each other in activities considered play. It may be more accurate to say that they take themselves seriously even in frlendly competitions. wo65. UNHOSPITABLE Well, he/she ‘doesn't leave” iy, SAOED 1. KONE), =| Tino NA nabs! cue * re ne “leave, go" (actor topic verb) Comprehension Questions: 1. Umalis na ba ang guest? 2. Ginawa bang at home ang guest? 3. Balat hindi? ce. Culture: Hospitality ts an ingrained Filipino trait. People generally go all the way ' ‘out to please and gratify their guests. In this country, foreigners are generally viewed and treated as guests thus. Filipinos are usually more i lavish in treating them thelr hospltalily than their ova kind. i However, this behavior can be easily misconstrued as a manifestation of t subservience of quirks of one with a colonial mentality. Furthermore, tt ‘can also be a cause of uneasiness or discomfort on the part of the foreigner, for, the so-called "Filipino brand of hospitality’, especially reserved and Intended for guests, is lavishly boundless. On account of this behavior, a FUipino ean be an easy victim of 1 unscrupulous people. But he knows how to even up the score, too, Reciprocity 1s a value that go with hospitality. I 1s expected that hospitality extended be relumed In the form of taking your host aut to dinner or giving “pasalubongs".66. WHAT'S UP THERE IN HIS COCONUT? “Mr. Tom is not “When is he coming Walt, str, 1 here Sit. Heo back?” ask him. in America.” WALA 10.81 MR TOM, MASA lea kailan when" (Jnterrogative) alti ‘return, come back" ftatanong “will be asked” (goal topic verb) b. Comprehension sti 1. Nasa Phil. ba si Mr. Tom? 2. Umalis ba o hindi st Mr. Tom? 3, Sino ang tatanungin tungkol sa pagbalik ni Mr. Tom? c. Srommer: Kailan eg. Kallan tyan? “When is/was that?” Kavlan ang party? “When is/was the party?" Kallan ka pa tito? "Since when have you been here?" Kallan umalis ang mists mo? “When did your wife leave?" Kallan sila nag-away? “When did they fight?" Kalan kaya tumawag Is Val? “When did Val call up, 1 wonder?" Kallan mo kailangan to? ‘When do you need this?” Kailan nila binilt ang sapatos? “When did they buy the shoes?"67. THE ABBREVIATED FORM OF DIETING “Str, Lthought, you “Right, two- “But | Mnished it ‘Were on a two-week dle week diet” In two days ¥ LANG TINAPOS. eetrcaent mays! a. 7 ‘kala “thought, suppose” {abbreviated form of alcala) jaya tang “urouble/ problem is” (fixed expression) tinapos, ‘as finishedcompleted” (goal topic verb) week inggo" day araw" b. sion tions; 1. Nagediet ba st Sur? 2, One week or 2 weeks ang diet riya? 3. Tlang araw niyang ginawa ang dlet nlya? 4. Bakit kaya?68. DEFERRED GRATIFICATION “Sir, they sald "Yea but, "Twont scold/ “Tomorrow youaremad Im oo callyoudown can walt" itme" tee” ont” galit angry’ (Anal stressed stem-adjective; galit “anger") daw/raw “i's said” (a particle) sasabunin “will be scolded” (goal tople verb, root sabon "soap’) tired “pagéd” (Rial stressed stem adjective, pagod. weariness”) b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Galit ba st Sirsa kanva? 2. Pagod o hind! st Sir? 3, Kallan siya sasabunin? ce, Culture: ‘A Fuupino can take any show of displeasure in private. But itis altogether a ilferent thing if given in the presence of others. In public, even the scowl, frown or the angry tone of one's voice is not taken very lightly; it can make a person lose face. ‘These Filipino sayings are good reminders: “Daggers can be sharper than words." “The wound on the skin can heal, but not the wound in the heart."69. THE AGED TERROR “In those days, I "Now. was a terror 7 you are wrinkled!” kilabot “terror, goose pimples’ Kulubot ‘wrinkled” b. 1. Kilabot ba siya noon? 2. Neayon, ano na siya? 3. Sino ang nagsabi noon? c. Culture: Punning is also one of our ways cf telling Jokes.70. THE WOMAN IS SMARTER ‘Women are more “Men are ify are =—e intelligent." wont ape wih “No, “Seer” “ matam, [nas NtELUeENT ANG y Rone woTeLLcent eA ‘HINDI KA NA MARIRIPAG BABAE _KESA LALAKE AOA 6 a. Vocabulary: intelligent argue 1, Mas matalino ba ang babae kaysa lalaki? 2; Sino ang nagsabt noon? 3: Baers ©. Grammar: MAKIPAG- an actor topic verb affix indicating a participation action, "to do something with anothes”, eg. Makipagkalbigan ka kay Ed, “Befriend/make friends with ah Huwag tayong makipagtalo sa kanya, “Let's not argue with himn/her.” Makikipagdate siya sa iyo. “He/she will go dating with you, Hindi ako makikipag-away. “Twon't pick/get into a fight.” 4. Culture: all started in the Garden of Eden, ve got Adam to eat of the forbidden fruit, ‘She was smart, and had the last say. BEST COPY AVAILABLE‘71. THREE STOOGES “Those two buddies of “Like three egal" ‘mine wil come here {our lugaw atand.” kumpadre/kumpare “co-father, buddy” (usually the term used by the godfather and godson's father in addressing fone another) lugawan “porridge stand/eatery” (root lugaw- porridge") Atlog. “eas” b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Mga kumpare ba ruya ang mga lalale? 2. Dalawa o tatlo sila? 3, Bakit parang tatlong itlog s'la? c. Grammar: “AN “locative noun affix” ee kainan “eatery” baunan “lunch box" hintuan ‘stopping place tulugan — “sleeping place” sampayan “clothesline” tapunan “dumping place" lutuan’ “cooking utensil/ place" basurahan “garbage can” bilthan “buying place” babuyan —“plggery" 9822. GOOD WEATHER FORECAST “Tell me, why do you "Because he sald two praise Amado more storme were Pineda.” coming." aaa Bp gaa pinupuri “is being praised" (foal topic verb) aes - ; darating NOTE: Amado Pineda ts the well-known radio-TV weather forecaster of GMA ‘TV Channel 7. b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Pinupurt ba si Amado Pineda? 2. Sino ang pumupuri sa kanya? 3. Bakit pinupurt siya? c. Culture: Reminders: Most parts of Metro-Manila and Central Luzon secastonaly go under water during the rainy and stormy months from June to October. Be thankful fone has but to wade instead of sink or swim -- in murlky waters. ‘And this is not to add to the fact that, sometimes, weather forecasts are Just as erratic as the weather itself,73. AN EXCEPTIONALLY HONEST SMART OPERATOR “I really couldn't x “So I Jjuat made your ‘your brakes. horn’ etronge! TALAGANG HIND! “iy nicaaasen OHO MANOS ANS AA LANG HO maayos “can be xed” (goal tople verb) reno brakes" bilakasan “Was made louder/stronger” (adjective is malakas “strong busine “horn, buzzer b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Rotse ba ang sira? 2, Preno o gulong ang stra? 3, Ano ang nilakasan? 4 Bakit kaya? c. Grammar: Verbalizing adjectives in the goal tople form ee Malakas ang TV. “The TV set is loud,” Lakasan mo ang TV “Tum the TV volume up." Mahina ang radyo. “The radio fs soft (weak)." Hinaan ko ang radyo. “Tl tum the radio volume down.~ Malakt tto, “This is big” Mlakihan ko ito. “Tenlarged this.” Mali ang eapatos. “The shoes are small.” Huwag mong litan ang sapatos. “Dont reduce the size of the shoes.” 1oo"Why do you suttch it "So that we ean olf whenever there’ & save on ‘commercial?™ electricity." pinapatay. “is kllled/switched off" makatipid “can save economize" (actor topic verb) koryente “current (eleetricity)" 1, Maw ba ang pinatay? 2, Bakit pinapatay ang TV kung may commercial? c, Culture: ‘hen dealing with 7, rados, hts et, Filpnes wi usually use the phrases “patay” (kil) for turn it off and “buksan’ (open} for turn it on, Also, where in ‘America one would say "to save on the electricity bil” or “the power is out”, in ‘Tagalog the word "koryente” would be used. ens? COPY AVAILABLE 40475. AND THE GOOD NEWS IS .. “That (guy) has read some bad ‘news again in the newapaper.” nabasa “happened/was able to read” (a goal topic verb) news ‘oalita” bad “masama” b. 2: St 1. Masaya ba ang mataba? 2, Nagbasa o nanuod siya? 3, Ano ang nabasa nlya sa newspaper? c. Grammar: May /mayroon/wala with goal topic verbs. eg. Binilt ng dyanitor ito roon. ‘The janitor bought this from there." May binill ang dyanitor doon, “The janitor bought something from there.” Jpupuslit nl Ben ang hamon diyan. “Ben will cart away the ham there.” Mayroong ipupusit si Ben dan. “Ben wi eart away something from ‘Tatawagan ko siya rito. ‘Tit call him up here.” ‘Wala akong tatawagan dito. “Thave no one to call up here.” Nabasa niya ang balita “He read the news." May nabasa lyan. “That one read something." Note the forms used to indicate the doer/actor of the event, 10276. SOMETHING INNOVATIVE Is really different "Before, when the “Now, when the now at DBCS." teachers went on teachers are on, strke, classes were stra, the teachers suspended. fare suspended.” Why, sir JBALTIC & CO. : By Ront Santiago “=NGAYON, PAG STRIKE yeahs tba ‘dufferent” datt "before, formerly, it used to strtice “welga” pag/kapag “when, if (a connector) teachers “guro, maestro/a DECS (Department of Education, ‘suspended “suspendido" ‘Culture and Sports) b. tions: 1. May strike ba ang mga teachers? 2. DECS 0 DENR ang office? 3, Suspended ba noon ang klases? 4. Ngayon ano ang nangyayari pag may strike ang teachers? ¢. Grammar: connectors for "when" and "If: 1. Past~ noon versus nang: Kumakain sila noong nag-away kamt, “There were eating when we fought.” Kumakain sila nang mag-away kam, “They were eating when we fought.” ‘Umalis siya noong nakita ko slya. “He teft when T saw him." Umalls siya nang makita ko siya. "He left when I saw him,” 1 Note: nang takes the infinitive/imperative form of the verb.. Non-past - kungversus kapag/oag: Pupunta ako rito kung mag-aaway/ ‘mag-away sila. Pupunta ako rito pag nag-away sila. Aalis stya kung makikita/makita ko siya. Aalis siya pag nakita ko siya, ‘Umuulan kung bumabagyo. ‘Umuulan pag bumabagyo. “rl come here if they fight." “ri come here if they ight." “He will leave if 1 see him." “Fie wll leave if see him.* “It rains when it storms. “It rains when it storms. : PAG/KAPAG. usually take a "past/begun action form of the verb. In the September 1990 teacher's strike, DECS made good its “off and on” threat to suspend teachers going on strike. Of course, from the loud cell, “strike!” it died down toa whimper: "Foull"‘77. THE SURPRISE “Tom, 1 have a tit "Wow, really? “Where is she? Is she for you. You will, sexy? Prelly? Whats really like ft" hername?™ ‘By Roni Santiago ' regalo “gift”, present” asan ‘Swhere" (from nasaan/saan) maganda “pretty, beautiful, good” pangalan “name* b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Si'Tom o ang asawa nlya ang may regalo? 2, Ano ang regalo kay Tom? ©, Grammar: intensive adjectives and pseudo verbs: Gusto ko ng pating, “Ike sharks." Gustong-gusto ko ng pating “I love/really like sharks.” Ayaw nila ng lugaw. “They disitke porridge.” ‘Ayaw na ayaw nila ng lugaw. “They hate/really dislike porridge.” Katlangan ng pating tyan, “The shark needs that." Kallangang-kallangan ng pating yan. “The shark needs that badly." Alam namin lyan, “We know that.” ‘Alam na alam narain tyan, “We know that very well.” Kaya kit ‘lean handle you.” Kayang-kaya kita. “Lean handle you very easily, ‘Maganda st Aida. "Aida is pretty." ‘Magandang-maganda st Aida. “Alda is very pretty."Pagod ba sila? re they tired?" Pagod na pagod ba sila? “are they very tired?" Gallt ka raw sa kantla. "I's sald you're mad at them.” Galit na galit ka raw sa kantla. 's sald you're very mad at them.” Masama ho lyan sa tny0. “That's bad for you, sir/ma‘amn.” Masamang-masama ho iyan sa iyo. “That's very bad for you, slr/ma'am.” a. Culture: It depends of couse on particular couples, but generally i is rare to exchange fits It is usually a surprise. This is specially true in rural areas, even on Euthdays. I's partly due to Filipinos not being directly demonstrative, Among the poor it is financially functional as well. Most birthday celebrants finance their own birthday parties.78. PROSPECTIVE “DESERT STORM* DRAFTEE ‘Dyant, Jantiors are “Tean do it, Tom. tn Kuwait” needed abroad. and Where ts that?” By Roni Santiago malakt “big, luge, large” suweldo/sweldo salary” att “and” b. 2 1, Janitor ba ang katlangan abroad? 2, Malakd o malilt ang salary offer? 3. San katlangan ang janitor? c. Culture: It's really very pathetic, but the main export ofthe Philippines today is man- power and not goods. To many. i has became a kind of astatus symbol to have Toved ones “exported” to carn dollars, pounds, yen, dinars, ete. abroad. Never ‘mind if a degree holder ends up a CPA (California Picking Apples) or a Filipina (domestic help" in one of the Britsh English dietonaries). “The important thing ts not earning the measly pesos ‘The country used to be second to Japan in this part of the world, and the county's foreign debt was not even a billion dollars. This was immediately prior to the installation of the conjugal dictatorship aptly dubbed by Congressman Solarz as the kleptocracy. Now, the country is a basket case of Asia, It's sad, really sadi Ever heard of NPA's and TNT's in the States? 107i} 79. THE PEACEFUL WAY “Well fend, do you “We have not fought “We broke ‘and your wile for five years n0W" ur stil oten Might” [Not anymore. LTIC & CO. z pare “pal, friend, co-father* (short for kumpare) Panay “often, frequent, entirely” (synonym of pura) ginawa “did, made, fixed” (goal topic verb} naghiwalay “broke /split up" (actor topic verb} nag-aaway. “Nghting, arguing” (actor topic verb, root - away) b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Nag-aaway pa ba ang kumpare niya at kanyang Mists? Dalawa o limang taon na silang hindi nag-eaway? Balt hindi na sila nag-aaway? c, Grammar: Alternative expressions with pronouns: 1. Ako - set: Ben and si Ben at akco/kami nl Ben ‘The teacher and I ‘ang guro at ako/kami ng guro you and Ben kaw at st Ben/kayo nt Ben ‘you and the teacher ‘kaw at ang guro/kayo ng guro he/she and Ben slya't st Ben/sila nt Ben he/she and the teacher slya't ang guro/sila ng guro 2. Ko- fo Ben and 1/myself ko at nl Ben/namin ni Ben {of the teachr and I/myself ko at ng guro/namin ng guro 10880. ALWAYS A QUAKE VICTIM “Whew, that was a “You, Tom, were “Because I have strong quake. 1 ‘you dizzy a8 well?” always been got dizzy, you see.” day” "Nope." twas dizzy, too. By Roni Santiago DARL TAT! NA‘RONG, HILO, mete y4 AN fal earthquake" ‘was dizzy" (state verb} “dizzy” (final stressed stem adjective} May lindol ba? Malakas 0 mahina ang lindol? Nahilo ba st Tom? Balt hind! nahilo s1 Tom? ¢. Grammar: Altemative forms of demonstrative phrases: Atong lindol/arg lindol na ito “vhis earthquake” nitong lindol/ng lindo! na ito “this eartquiake* tyang lalaki/ang lalaking tyan “hat (near) man nlyang lalaki/ng lalaking iyan “that (near) man” ‘yong sabon/ang sabong lyon “that (far) soap" ‘noong sabon/ng sabong iyon “that (far) soap”of you and Ben's mot nt Ben/ninyo ni Ben of You and the teacher's ot ng guro/ninyo ng guro his/her and Ben's niyat nl Ben/nila ni Ben his/her and the teacher's niya't ng guro/nila ng guro 3. (sa) akin - et: me and Ben (sa) akin at kay Ben/(su) amin ni Ben me and the teacher (sa) akin at sa guro/(sa) amin ng guro you and Ben (ca) iyot kay Ben/{sa) inyo mi Ben You and the teacher (ca) yot sa guro/(sa) Inyo ng guro him/her and Ben {sa) kantya't kay Beny/(sa) kanila ni Ben him/her and the teacher {sat kaniyat sa guro/(sa) kanila ng guro Note: The second alternative is more idiomatic. Culture: ‘The problem of marriage break ups is not only as old as the institution of marriage itself but may also be considered as one of the irreversible side- effects of urbanization and industrialization. Thus, societies, old and new, have developed certain systems to handie such a problem. In most Western ‘societies, the legal system Is called divorce, whereas, in the Philippines, our laws provide for separation and annulment. Divorce and legal separation have basically the same features with the exception of the question on remarriage. Legal separation does not allow remarriage. Being an agricultural society, marriage break ups in the Philippines are stll comparatively not commonplace. And this is not adding the fact that being a family-oriented society, social pressure Is sUill very strong to keep marriages tntact in heals and in stcess n joy and in pai... in kisses and in broken shes’81. WHEN EVERYBODY IS PRETTY “Tom ia drunk again, “He thinks Miss Tapla | Isa'the, air? is prety again, you see BALTIC & CO. : a 4 a “ByRon Santiago 7 a, Vocabulary: lasing “arunk’ (loves to sing?) tingin “sought, see, perception” maganda ang ungin “look pretty, beautiful to the eyes/perception” b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Kumakanta ba st Tom? 2. Lasing o hind! st Tom? 3. Anong nangyayart kung lasing st Tom? di82. TOUGH LUCK “Misa, lets have “What are you, “Cush, we are 1 don’t know ae” luelg?? T dont ‘Just the same.” you. eller." ven now you, inact {BALTIC & CO. ra | Miss pate] Ano! kA ARES [Tae SsuRR, LANG PALA KITA KILALAA® Vocebulery: sinusuwerte kilala pareho pala b, Comprehension Questions: 1. Kumakain ba sila? 2, Maghaldiala sila o hindi? 3, Ano ang expression sa strip? i o Wlala ni Ben si Mary. Kilala namin sila. Kilala ke nila. Hind! kita kllala Mas kilala mo siya, Kilalang -kilala niya tayo. ‘Alam ko iyan, Mas alam mo ito. Alam na alam ninyo tyon. 112 “being lucky" (from suwerte “luck’) “know (a person!" “same, {dentical, similar” “oh, 50° (particle expressing surprise or amazement) c. Grammer: kilala as a pseudo verb like alam. "Ben knows Mary." “We know them. “Ldon't know you "You know hlin/her better.” “He/she knows us very weil.” “know that." “You know this better.” “You know that very well.”sinusuwerte, a newly coined expression to signify condescension, ridicule or ‘mockery. thus: ‘Ano ka, sinusuwerte?t "What do you think of youre, on of lady ‘This expression may have originated from a TV commercial showing a lady admonishing her helper for sweeping in the evening and reminding her that it was bad luck, So gal and duty the later swept back the drt Yo wher they came from.83. HOT FREEZER vy does the fe “Gee dont know. Maybe it dred have oni dried fish Iwas ean when pave ote ine utitin here Brownout™ Caalaic.x.co. ~-f[ Bari. puro TONG. ISA ‘ANG LAMAN, SZ NITONG REF Z 8. Vocabulary: tuyo “dry, drted shy" isda sfish" sariwa “fresh” tlagay “put” (goal topic verb) siguro maybe" | natuyo “dried up (state verb) | ewan (ko) “Ldon't know” (fixed expression) Comprehension Questions: 1, Kame ba anglaman ng ref? 2. Sariwao tuyo ang inilagay na lsda? 3, Bakit naging tuyo ang mga isda? urmnd Panay canbe used (o mean “only. Bra however can also mean "pure’ or “purely". d@ Culture: Americans, in particular, generally need some time to get used to the smell ‘and taste of dried fish (tuyong isda/isdang (uyo/tuyo). IL 1s a common food i item, Another, Americans hate wasting anything, and so do Fllpinos. So, the former should be able to understand why the latter eats fish, squids, shrimps, ele. with their heads, eyes, tentacles, etc. on. Dried fish does not need to be refrigerated while many urban housewives insist that they must have a refrigerator. “Many have not been properiy trained in its ‘most economical use. Finally, the money for buying fresh fish, meats, dairy oducts, ete. may be going inte installment payments on the refrigeratr, ‘This is another example of Function - Form cultural diferences. 7 iid84. WHO WEARS THE PANTS? “Tom, are you an “Yeah, but it was “The wife beat him up earthquake victim, the aftershocks,” because there was | too? an earthquake and he | ‘tll went out and | hhad a goodtime’” "BALTIC & CO. By Roni Santiago TOM, GIKTIMA KA uN SANE be Miss si 2 TM ‘ BA Ne EARTHQUAKE: eG NA RAE 8, ocabulary: biktima “victim? ginulpt "was beaten up” (goal topic verb) fumindot “Were was an earthquake" (actor tople verb, root lndol"earthquake") b. Grammar: 1. May lindol ba 2. Biktima o hindi st Tor? 3. Anong nangyart kay Tom? c. Culture: Nothing can stop a Fillpino from having a “good ume". Filipinos will laugh and make fun of a blow out on a Jeepney over loaded with passengers on a stifling hot day.85. WHICH EAR? “Dyant, where's my pen?” BALTIC & Co. I, NASA Ae, BALLPEN KO’ a, Vocebulary: tenga/tainga “ear” nagmamadalt “isin a hurry” (actor topic verb) alin swhich kaltwa “left” kanan “right ° “or” ano ba an expression of importance b. Co nsio st 1, Ball pen ba ang hinahanap? 2, Sa kanan o kaliwa ang ball pen? ‘3, Nasaan ang ball pen? c. Grammor: Asking and answering alin, eg Bago pa tyan. “That's stil new." ‘Alin ang bago pa? “Which Is sill new?" iyan ang bago pa. “That fs still new." Nagmamadali ang matangkad. “The ‘all one fs tn a hurry." ‘Alin ang nagmamadalt? “Which one Is in a hurry: ‘Ang matangkad ang nogmamadall. “The tall ones in a hurry. Natuyo na raw lyong damit, “Ws sald, that dress 1s already dry.” Allng damit daw ang natuyo na? “Which dress ts said to be dry already?" Tyong damit daw ang natuyo na. “i's sald, khal diesa is already dry.” Hagay mo ang isdang lyan do. “Put that fish here." ‘ling isda ang lalagay ke riyan? "Which fish will I put there?” ‘Ang isdang jyan ang tlagay mo rito. “That fish Is what you will put here.”96. A105 (As If Boing Something) “Fatso is coming, ‘Dyant, give me some He must nol see paper, hurry” me not working.” “BALTIC & CO. SPAS poMananNe, Not See. dumarating ‘oming/arriving” (actor topic verb, root dating) bigyan fe" (Goal topic verb, root bigay) papel rape. roll” dail "quick, hurry" bv. Comprehension Questions: 1. St payat ba ang dumarating? 2, Nagtatrabaho ba st'Tom o hind? 3. Ano ang toinigay ni Dyant? 4% Baki tlle paper ang tbingay? ‘The personal name markers SI, NI or KAY may be used with other words ‘nouns, adjectives, verbs, etc.) to indicate that the marked word is a personification of lis referent, eg, Lasing st lalakt kaya galit si babae. "Man/Boy ts drunk 0 woman/glille Is furtous.” Nag-aaway (Taba at st Payat, to and Skinny are fighting.” i Si Ferdie raw st Malakas at st 's said Ferdie is Malakas and : Meldy daw naman si Maganda, Meldy on the other hand is Beau” 187. MAY ILAW “Brown-oul! Light, “There's light nowt! Blow ‘candle, Pupung!” outthat eandlet™ “Yes, dad” MY LITTLE PUPUNG™ ®. Voeabulery: magsindi kandila flaw hipan 1, Brown-out ba? May kandlla 0 wala? 3. Nasaan ang kandila? Power blackouts in the States are referred (o here as “brownouts",88. HATES HABITUAL TARDINESS “Tom, you're going “You were late "Soldontt want to hhome, and i's not ‘coming in, right?" be late going home." even fie?” Correct” BALTIC'& Co By Road Suitlago PM, OUW KA Na oe ae 2 HA tie Prue 2) ASSN - Paul a. Vocabulary: uuwt “will go home" pumasok “entefed, reported for work/school"factor topic verb) ag-uwi “going/coming home” (gerund verbal noun} b. 2 1, Uuwina ba st Tom? 2, Alas singko na ba o hind! pa? 3, Bakit siya uuwi na? c. Grammar: PAG- verbal noun form of sum actor topic verbs, 8 ‘Umuvwt ang guro, “The teacher went home.” ang pag- uv ng guro “the teacher's going home Bumalik st Fred don, “Fred went back there.” ang pagbalik ni Fred doon “Fred's return there" Dumating sila, at sa pagdating “They arrived, and at. their arrival, it nulla umulan. rained.” d, Culture: Generally speaking Filipines are not time-conscious in their value ortenta- Yon. That is, me ts not something that can make them have ulcer problems. But, they can be punctual (or be made to be punctual), too,89. SUMANI What's your work now?" "Vm seling suman." SFRANKINTIN glee lee By Mannie Villegas a, Vocabulary: trabaho “work, Job" nagtitinda “selling, vending” factor topic verb) suman “a kind of rice goody" Comprehension Questions: 1. May trabaho ba siya ngayon?’ 2) Suman o langgunisa ang paninda niya? 3. Ano ang trabaho nlya? c. Culture: ‘Suman 1s. a kind of goody made from sticky rice and coconut milk, and is ‘wrapped in banana of coconut leaves. It comes in elther of two flavors: salty or sweet. 12090. MIRROR, MIRROR ON THE WALLI “Lwonder why this mirror “Maybe you suddenly broke: asked" BALTIC & CO. By Roni Santiago BART EAA BIA Seu Toone, mee a. Vocabulary: ay "oops" (expression, interjection} digla “sudden(y), abruptly) nabasag ‘broke, cracked" (state verb) uunanong “wag asked"(goal topic verb) b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Nabasag ba ang salamin? 2. Bakdt nabasag ang salamin?on. AGE MATTERS a. Bocobulary: taon ‘year, age" ha van, well” lang taon “how old, how many years? (expression) b, Comprehension Questions: 1, Edad ba ang tinatanong? 2, Malanda ba siya sa husband nlya? ‘3. Tang taon ang husband nlya ayun sa asawa? 44, Tang taon talaga ang husband niya? im a nN92. BECAUSE OF BASKETBALL "Tm really going to “Your head tean Jeave this place. ‘ot see Hu, bu, hur ‘NY LITTLE PUPUNG aalis ‘will leave, go" (actor topte verb) makakita “can see” (actor topic verb) b. 1, Masaya ba ang babae? 2. Aalis ba stya 0 hind? 3. Umalls ba siya? 4. Balt hind! siya umalis? c. Cultures Size and height are musts in basketball to be competitive in world contests, That ts, Filipinos should be the last people to consider this sport event sertously. However, itis the number one sports of this country. ‘The popularity of this sport event is such that rarely does one find a backyard or sidestreet without a basketball court of some sort, Some fans forgo or cancel important dates, appointments, ete. just so they would not i miss watching their favorite teams play, Some husbands even willingly risk the wife's rolling pit and ‘ongue-lashing! Basketball players enjoy movie star status, including the head swelling shrieks of female and gay fans. BEST GOPY AVAILABLE 42393. METALLIC “Franiantint™ “Refuses to come (close! Hold on.." lumapit “come/go near” (actor topic verb, adjective malapit ‘near, close") b. Comprehension Questions: 1, $1Saninlo ba ang bida? 2. Sino ang blda? 3, Bakit ayaw lumapit st Frankintin? 12494. IBA NA ANG MATANGKAD “The flood is already “Only up to "Up to the chest deepl” the kes" chest" ‘nanggang (sa) until, up to" (adjunct marker) aibdib “chest” beha “flood” tuhod "knee b. Co! Lo! $) : 1. Baa ba o hind? 2, Hanggang saan ang baha? 5 Balathanggong dba oa ie? ¢. Grammar: Hanggang as adjunct marker ee ‘Umulan hanggang (sa) Cubao. "It rained up to Cubao." Nag-aaway pa sila hanggang ngayon, “They are stil fighting unt May baha hanggang (sa) Sabado. “There's flood until Saturday.” Matubig hanggang doon. “Ws watery up to that place.” 12395. NOT A LOYALIST “in those days, the “And nowadays?" “Wes in Hawa” ‘Asylum waa in Mandaluyong." ‘noong araw “in the past, in those days” b, ? 1. Sa Makatl ba ang asylum? 2. Saan ang asylum noon? 3, Saan ang asylum ngayon? 4, Balt sa Hawail ang asylum ngayon? c. Culture: Mandaluyong is one of the municipalities in Metro-Mantla. The first thing that one would call to mind when the place's name is mentioned 1s the big national mental hospital established there. So when people tell, others that they live in Mandaluyong, they sometimes get this naughty question: "Where, inside or outside?*™96. CENTAUR ‘Why are you holding "So that Il run faster.” ‘awhip? 2. Vocabulary: hawak “hold, hand Tatige i takbo bumilis srun/go fester” (adjective, mabilis “fast, swift") b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Kandla olaigo ang hawak niya? 2. Para saan ang latigo’ c. Grammar: Hawalsand takbo here are used as nouns.97. FLY, NOT BUN “Will you also run No: ay." ir eres an eee.” kapag “when (connector) eleksiyon “election” Mlipad “will fly” (actor topic verb) b. : 1, Tatakbo ba siya kung may elekstyon? 2, Anong gagawin niya, sa hallp? ce. Grommar: MAGKA-/MAGKAROON "Inadvertent Existence/Possession" 6 Puwedeng magkatubig dito. “Is possible to have water here.” ‘Puwedeng magkaroon ng tubig dite, “i's possible to have water here.” ‘Magkakaroon si Fred ng asawa. “Fred will come to have a wife.” Maghakaasawa si Fred, “Fred will come to have a wile,” Nagkaroon kam! ng tlaw kanina. “We came to have electrielty a while ago. Nagkatlaw kamt kanina. “We came to have elecirlety a while ago. Nagkakaroon sila ng sakit dito. “They get/are getting sick here.” Nagkakasakit sila rit. “They get/are getting sick here." d, Culture: ‘The Filipino English term, "flying voters", is widely used as (hough it has already formed part of Webster's lexicon. The term refers to fake or illegal voters, but originally it referred to long deceased people in whose names. votes were cast by unscrupulous politicians. But no. Those politicians were not “ying candidates’.98. LEND AND LOSE A FRIEND “Why ek tat evening "Because he owes him. ‘Tom passes by Mr. Golem's money." desk be runs? ®, Vocabulary: daraan “will pass" lang “debt owe” b. Comprehension Questions: 1. SIMr. Golem ba ang tumatakbo? 2. Sa bintana o sa desk si Tom dumadaan? 3. Bakit tumatakbo si Tom? c. Culture: Paying debts is frequently avoided. Not only paying debts but also returning borrowed items. There is something of a taboo against asking for something to be returned or pald. There is also an unspoken “state of limitations" after which you may as well forget about the ftem or money. 12999. UNCENS@RED katawan “body” b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Silza ba ang nakita nina Tom? 2. Para saan ang katawan ni lza? 3, Para saan ang katawan ni Miss Tapia? c. Grammar: Possessive Phrases and Sentences eg dlyaryo ni Bob ‘Bob's newspaper” Kay Bob ang diyaryo “The newspaper is Bob's" sapatos ng guro "teacher's shoes" 1 Sa guro ang sapatos. "The shoes belong to the teacher." sampayan ko aking sampayan ‘Akin/Sa akin ang sampayan. “The clothesline is mine.” regalo nila “thelr gift" ‘kantlang regalo ‘thelr gilt” | Kantla/Sa kanlla ang regalo. “The gift fs thetrs. QTE: Refer back to #15, 37 and 53, d. Cultures ‘Men ave the same in many respects the world over: they are not blind to beauty, but beauty can blind them. 130100. FORGET MANDALUYONG; SHE'S AN ILOCANA "You don't ike "what a waste i “Your mommy is ‘your bole. {Ws thrown away.” elng seatle rizelee By Roai Santiago’ dede “baby (milk) bottle, tit, breast” sayang “what a waste, too bad" (expression, interjection) b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Soda ba ang hawakng nanay? 2) Anong ginawa niya sa gatas? 3. Balt niya ininom ang gatas? 4. Ano ang akala ng anak sa nanay? Culture: ‘To Westernized Filipinos, breast exposure is a no-no. Thus, breast feeding is something that they can not easliy accept. But, in reality, breast feeding is Just as Filipino as any Filipino,tot. BELLS? don't hear any ringing.” Zedge a. b. THERE'S RINGING IN MY Bars! Vocabulary: madidinig/naririnig “hearing” (goal tople verb) wrong mall, problema ringing tunog Comprehension Questions: 1, Bing! ba ang nakasalamin? 2. Anong problema niya?’ 3. May nartrinig din bang ringing yung ‘sa?| 102. NOT BY WIFE, THANK GOODNESS i | “Twas mugged.” “You should have "Becaune It was a tothe polees policeman who beat me up.” leant” * nagulpt ‘beaten up, mugged (goal topic verb) pulls ‘police, policeman, Isinumbong ‘was reported” (goal topic verb} ‘sana “hope, wish, would rather (particle) b. Comprehension Questions: 1, Nagulpl ba stya? 2; Nagsumbong ba siya sa pulls o hindi? 3. Bakit hindl siya nagsumbong sa pulis? c. Culture: ‘Culture of violence in rallies and demonstrations is universal.104, ANYWHERE? “Sir, ll put this "Don't “Where shall “Anywhere, ust “Dyan” ‘on jour desk” put" noton my deal.” BALTIC & CO. IR, ILALAGAY KO {o's Desk NINN? a 7 kahit y, even, although” Malagay “wil put, place” (goal topic verb) b. Co! nsio ons: 1, Kandila v bulaklak ang hawak ng Janitor? 2. San niva hind! puwedeng lagay ang bulaklak? 3. Saan niya inilagay ang bulaklak? c. Grammer: kahit 6 kahit sino "anyone" kahit bukas kahit alin “whichever” abit thaw anit ano “anything” kahit mahtrap kahit an ¥Y nurnber kahit Kailan anytime” xeahit saan yywhere™ kahit kano *whomsoever" 4. Culture: Wine or roses? For machos, wine. - 134105. POGI7 “yas Tapla, fom your perspective, “Hmm, yea “Gontt ok handsome? a yo} \ 1 i : | || | I i | | a, Vocabulary: alba “isn't st” (tag -question from Post handsome" (slang for guwapa "handsome’) tngin “perspective” ' b. Comprehension Questions: 1, $1 Tom o s1 Miss Tapia ang nagtanong? 2, Anong ginawa nl Miss Tapia? 3, Anong sagot nl Miss Tapia? | . Grammar: tag - question, fhinldi ba. ee Matanda na siya, hind! ba? "He/she ts already old, isn't he/she? Masarap ito, di ba? “This is tasty. isnt i allangan mo sla? “You need them, don't you?" Bumaha rito, dl ba? “It flooded here, didn't i?" ‘Alam na alam ninyo yan, di ba? “You know that very well, don’t you?” ‘ 135106. SIMPLE LOGIC Ws 12:00 Bong “hough was ‘Bega ntl 3200 ready past twelve.” really. Then tt has {o.come back to “ita only "Cant go past. Yoo" twelve o'lock.” | BALTIC & CO. By Roni Santiago. lagpas/lampas “go past/beyond” tapos “then, aflerwards" (connector, short for pagkatapos) uit “again, repeat” sock time: ‘ala una one o'clock. alas siyete seven o'clock alas dos two o'clock alas ot80 elght o'clock alas tres three o'clock alas nuwebe nine o'clock alas kuwatro four o'clock alas diyes fen o'clock alas singko five o'clock alas onse eleven o'clock alas sais, six o'clock alas dose twelve o'clock Comprehension Questions: 1. Alas dose na ba? 2. Puwede bang lumagpas sa alas dose? 3, Bakit hind! puwede? c. Grammer: ‘Asking and answering "What the? ‘Anong oras na? “What time ts 12" Alas otso na. “it's already eight o'clock." Anong oras na sa relo mo? “What time is it in your watch?” ‘Alas diyes pa. “n's lil ten o'clock." ‘Anong oras noon? ‘what time was t then?” ‘Alas sais yata. “Think tt was six o'clock.”107. ANCIENT? “Tor, where's the "don't know. “Because she's the province of Antique?” Ask Mise Tapia.” antique one here.” By Roni Santiago L-DARIL: SIYA ANG’) = ANTIQUE 0170. BALTIC &CO:, bayan Manong "ask (goal topic verb) b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Mollo ba ang tinatanong? 2. Anong bayan ang tinatanong? 3, Sino ang dapat tanungin? 4, Baki st Miss Tapia ang tatanungin?108, N@KUI “My mother.” "Mt, Bale” JALTIC & CU. ~~" By Rea Banttago™ S (MR BALTIC. : | ®. Vocabulary: aku ty mother/geh (ntereetion fom ina ko "my ‘mother naalaala “remembered” Goal topic ver6) kausapin “Yall to" (goal topte verb) b, Comprehension Questions: 1. Pusa ba ang nakita? 2. Ano ang nakitang hayop? 3. Sino ang naalaala niyang kausapin? 4. Bald nlya naalaala st Mr, Baltic? c. Culture: In many cultures, names of animals are associated with people with no derogatory or negative connotations. ere, one has to guard against it109. HE HAS A PRICE. Ue" malik’ (actor topic verb) "halikaan/hagkan" (goal topic verb) b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Stiza ba ang hinatikan? 2. Magkano ang ibinigay n! Miss Tapia sa bata? 3. Magkano ang hinthing\ ni Dyan! kay Miss Tapia? c. Culture: ‘A cchii's visit to the godmother/father, espectally at Christmas time, means a {it cash or otherwise - tn return for the kiss or mano Do greeting110. SHE JUST DISITS HOSPITALS ‘Dyant, know that “Er, Minn. “What hospital do you grt Shes a Hoataty work In an a — BALTIC & CO. . By Roni Santiago Pp LA GeneD> fo Me breooe ‘ene oa ( - Bocabulary: hospitality gil euphemism for prostitute naglatrabalo works, working” (actor (opie verb) patay “dead, il” (may be use as an interfection “I Blew 1°) este “er. Tinean"™ b. Comprehension Questions: | 1, Kilala ba nl’ Tom ang babae? 2. Ano ang trabaho ng babae? 8, Ano ang itinanong nl Dyan? lau| : 111. BEER “Tom, the design ofthis “Sony, its not the ts perfect for you realbeert Wow, beer” | | tama wright" | mali “wrong” "Note: tamang tama and beer na beer are intensive forms. (See # 77.) b. Culture: ‘A word from our sponsor - "Beer na beer s San Miguel beer!” In the present beer war between San Miguel and Asia Brewery, the latter calls its beer - "Beer na Beer” as if itis the real one. Asia Brewery copied the classic ‘SM beer bottle, except for shaving off a couple of MM around the neck and. shaved a peso + off the SM product price. SM filed a legal ault and lost. It is now in a Court of Appeals. Loyalty to ones drink Is as firm as that to a basketball team.a pesca 112. WHEN THE CAT IS AWAY “Good morning. 1s Friend, what do you “Well then, the your boas in?” see? Am I working?” the bose is out AIC E CO. a. Vocabulary: au “so, then” (connector) in pumasok (colloquial) b. Comprehension Questions: SiTom ba ang tinanong ng bisila? Nagtatrabaho si Tom o hinds? ‘Anong tanong ng bisita? ‘Anong sagot ni Tom? c. Culture: The certainty of agreements, with corresponding schedules may be binding only during the time you are with your project partner (co-worker, ‘supervisor, ete.) It's a comment about responsibility. 142113, BE SPARING Umm, your perfume ‘smells good” $7 EXPENSITEZANE.Y Fete Fone ante) os “how fragrant” (from mabanga “Tragrant’) “slowly, easy on, take it easy" “smelling, sniffing” (gerund form) 1, Mabango ba st Miss Tapia? 2) Mahal o mura ang perfume nlya? 3. Dahil mahal ang perfume niya, anong dapat gawin ru Dyan? c. Grammar: See #19 {intensive adjectives) and #88 (gerund nouns). BEST COBY AVA. 891+114, witcH? “Bebs, what’ the title “The mother-in-law." “What's that. a oftwhat you are watching?” horror story? ©. Vocabulary: pinapanood “being watched" (goal topic verb, root panuod) parent-in-law vblyenan’ child-tn-law *manugang” tite “pamagat™ b. Comprehension Questions: Kumakain ba st Bebs? ‘Anong ginagawa ni Bebs? ‘Anong pamagat ng pinanunood nila? ‘Anong klaseng istorya tyon? PepeeT 415. UNDERPAID? “Gosh, tve Ju glen, “An empty pay you my pay envelopt” envelopl” By Ron! Sauna pera "money" kabibigay ‘Just given® (recently completed action verb form) aba “gosh” (a fixed expression} b. Comprehension Questions: 1, May pera pa ba ang asawa ni Tom? 2. Kabibigay ba nl Tom ng pay envelop o hind ‘Anong kklaseng pay envelop ang tbinigay nt Tom? c. Grammar: KA. + reduplication...LANG- Recently completed action. j eg. Kaaalls lang ng blyenan ko. fy parentein-law has just left.” Kararating ko lang. T have just arrived." Kabibilt lang ni Paul ng sapatos. “Paul has just bought shoes, Kalilinis mo lang ba nito? "Have you just cleaned this?” Kalalagay lang nila ng tlaw na “They have just put that light there.” yan diyan. Katatanong ko lang kay Rudy. “I have just asked Rudy" Katatawag lang namin sa kanlya, “We have just called him (up).”116. 81 TUNE “Umm, Lalara, “Mr. Golem, who sang 1 think, someone Bverything | have ts the song! sang?” from BLR ‘yours. 3ALTIG & CO. By Rol Santiage UMM gS LALALAMA SY VS JOURS ie palagay “opinion, supposition® BIR, Bureau of Internal Revenue like the LRS. Palagay ko “in my opinion” (fixed expression} Comprehension Questions: 1. Kumakain ba st Miss Tapia? 2. S{ Dyanl o st Mr. Golem ang nakarinig sa kanya? 3. Anong pamagat ng kanta nt Miss Tapia? 4. Sino pa ang kakanta ng ganoong kanta? Grammar: Asking and answering tagasaan ee | ‘Tagasaan sila? “where are they from?” | ‘Taga-Texas sila. “They are from Texas/Texans. | | ‘Tagasaan st Luz? “Where Is Luz from?" ‘Taganito siya. "She 1s from this place.” ‘Tagasaan ang pulls na tyan? “Where ts that policeman from?” ‘Taga-Maynila siya “He ts from Manila,” ‘Tagasaan ang mga gurong lyon? "Where are those teachers from.” Taga-Ateneo sila. “They are Ateneans." NOTE: TAGA- indicates “origin, where from” and the topic Is always a person or 4 personalized object. 4, Culture: “Taxes are as sure as death, ‘Only tax payers say this; not BR, 7 146117, EXAMS! “Dyant, your physical ‘Exam? Mother. | “Because I have ‘geamination Is scheduled cant. nol yet reviewed." Tr today.” BALTIC & CO. DYANLNGAYON ANS {SCHEDULE NG 1. Schedule ba nl Dyaning magpaphysical exam? 2. Puwede ba siya o hindi? 3. Bakit hind! siya puwede? b. Culture: Filipinos pride themselves in speaking English, but it is thelr own variety. 147118. GOLDEN OPPORTUNITY isa, you know. sworn gold” "Not sure." y BALTIC & co By Roni Santiago a. Vocabulary: ewan ko "1 don't know” a fixed expression) naka-gold “ina wealthy state” b. Comprehension Questions: 1. Masaya ba si Miss Tapla? 2) Bakit siya masaya? ‘3. Bakit masaya rin st Tom? 14s119. NOT FOR DISPLAY “Tom, what “Good. Youll “How?” “with the they need wtwear bea ome

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