ASHRAE

ILLINOIS CHAPTER 2015

SPRING CONFERENCE
March 10, 2015

Commercial Building Energy

Audits

Michael Kuk, LEED AP BD+C, CPMP, OPMP, BEAP, CxA

CERx Solutions
Commissioning, Energy Efficiency, Retro Commissioning Solutions
630-636-7118 (office / Fax)
630-631-9483 (mobile)
MKUK@CERxSolutions.com
 AGENDA

* WHAT IS AN ASHRAE LEVEL 1/2/3 AUDIT?

* THE ASHRAE GREEN BOOK PROCEDURES FOR
COMMERCIAL ENERGY AUDITS
THE goal of today is today
* ASHRAE STANDARD 100 give an over-view and
* ASHRAE RESOURCES show you where to get
more info to learn more.
* AUDITORS TOOL BOX
* WHAT ELSE IS ASHRAE UP TO?
 ASHRAE LEVEL AUDITS

* LEVEL 1: Walk-Through Survey

* LEVEL 2: Energy Survey and Analysis
* LEVEL 3: Detailed Analysis of Capital- Intensive
Modications
The dening line between each
level is often grey. Dierent
clients have dierent
expectations on what level of
detail they want within each
level.
 IN A NUTSHELL

1. HOW MUCH ENERGY ARE THEY USING?

2. WHERE ARE THEY USING IT?
3. ARE THEY USING IT EFFECTIVELY?
4. HOW CAN THEY USE IT MORE EFFECTIVELY?
 BEFORE YOU GET STARTED Do A
Preliminary Energy-Use Analysis (PEA)

* Collect
* Basic Site Information
* Historical Billing and Consumption
* Energy Performance Summaries (EUI, Target Finder
Score, CBECS EIU)
* Provides Necessary background data for level 1,2,3
analyses
* Downloadable from www.ashrae.org/PCBEA
 ASHRAE LEVEL 1
The Walk-Through Survey

* Conduct a brief on-site survey of the building

* ID Low-Cost / no-cost measures
* Provide a listing of potential capital improvements
that merit further consideration
* Calculations are minimal
* Savings and costs are approximate
 ASHRAE LEVEL 2
The Energy Survey and Analysis

* More detailed survey

* Energy consumption and peak demand analysis
* Break down of energy end uses
* Provide savings and cost analysis of EEMs that meet
owner/operator constraints and economic criteria
* Recommend changes to O&M procedures
* Listing of EEMs that require greater review
 ASHRAE LEVEL 3
Detailed Analysis of Capital-Intensive
Modications

* Focuses on potential capital-intensive projects IDd

through a Level 2 Analysis
* Requires more detailed eld data gathering
* More rigorous engineering and economic analysis
* May include modeling (simulation) and vendor pricing
* Provides detailed project cost and savings
calculations (with higher level of condence)
* It often goes beyond the economic analysis of level 2
Energy Audit Overlay
Energy Audit Required Tasks
 The ASHRAE Green Book
Procedures for Commercial Building
Energy Audits

* Part 1: Denitions of level

of eort required
* Part 2: Best Practices
AVAILABLE FROM ASHRAE WEBSITE
$92 MEMBERS / $109 NON-MEMBERS * Part 3: Resources
164 PAGES OF EXTREMELY VALUABLE * AUDITING FORMS (can also be down
loaded from
INFORMATION https://xp20.ashrae.org/PCBEA/
HIGHLY RECOMMEND PURCHASE PCBEA_Supplemental_Files.html
AND USE!
 PCBEA sample forms

* TABLE OF CONTENTS * HVAC AND CONTROLS OPTIONS

* PCBEA Sample Forms
* GENERAL INFORMATION * 2.0 Boilers
* 1.0 Basic Site Information * 2.1 Chillers
* 1.10 Capital Improvement Plan * 2.2 Cooling Towers and Fluid Coolers
* 1.11 Operations and Maintenance Costs
* 1.12 Space Function Summary * 2.3 Pumps and Piping Systems
* GEOMETRY AND ENVELOPE * 2.4 Air-Handling System Equipment
* 1.21 Sketches
* 1.22 Opaque Surfaces
* 2.5 Air-Handling System Controls
* 1.23 Fenestration * 2.6 Air System Terminal Units
* 1.24 Opaque Doors * 2.7 Zone Heating Equipment
* SCHEDULES
* 1.31 Occupancy * 2.8 Fan-Coil Units
* 1.32 Lighting * 2.9 Exhaust/Return Fans
* 1.33 Plug Loads * 2.10 Packaged Units: DX, Heat Pumps
* 1.34 HVAC
* 1.40 Peak Occupancy * 2.11 Condensing Unit and Condensers
* LIGHTING * SPECIALTY LOADS
* 1.51 Interior Lighting
* 1.52 Exterior Lighting
* 3.0 Swimming Pools
* 1.60 Plug Loads * 3.1 Kitchen Equipment
* 1.70 Thermal Zoning * 3.2 Lab Equipment
* DOMESTIC HOT WATER
* 1.81 Equipment * 3.3 Refrigeration Equipment
* 1.82 Fixtures and Use * 3.4 Data Centers/IT Rooms
* 3.5 Process Equipment
 ASHRAE Standard 100-2015
Energy Eciency in Existing Buildings

1. Qualied person determines if a building has an EUI

that meets target
2. For buildings without energy targets, a qualied
2. SCOPE person shall conduct an energy audit. Bundle shall
This standard applies to be implemented.
existing buildings, portions 3. Owner shall designate an energy manager to
of buildings, and building develop and maintain an energy management plan
complexes, including the
envelope and all systems in
the building. This standard
excludes industrial and
agricultural processes in
buildings for which the
energy targets
do not include those
processes.
Standard 100 Auditing Requirements

* 8.1 The qualied energy auditor shall * 8.2 Energy Audit Requirements for Buildings
complete Forms D and/or E, and submit without Energy Targets
to the authority having jurisdiction (AHJ). * 8.2.1 Overall Process. An energy audit shall be
conducted for all buildings not having an energy
* If an energy audit is required within this target. The energy audit and the associated
section, a copy of the audit summary energy audit report shall be completed by a
results shall be included in the qualied energy auditor practicing within their
compliance documentation. eld of competency.
* Compliance with this Standard shall be * The energy audit shall be a Level 2 audit (as
achieved by adopting energy eciency dened in Section 8.4.2) and shall not be
required to cost more than 10% of the buildings
measures (EEMs) that collectively will annual energy expenditure. If the scope of a
reduce annual building energy use. Fuel Level 2 audit would result in an audit cost that
switching shall not be permitted for this exceeds 10% of the buildings annual energy
purpose unless the fuel switching saves expenditure, the scope of that audit may be
annual energy costs. limited to meet the cost cap.
 Standard 100 Revision Flow Chart
Standard 100
Seek Compliance

Compliance Requirements
Section 4
Prioritize,
Implement &
Conduct Energy
Commission
Implement Mandatory Energy Audit Section 8
EEMs
Management Program, Section 5
Section 9

Implement Mandatory Operations and NO

Maintenance, Section 6

Does
Building
Verify Energy
Identify Building Type, Meet
Savings Complete
Climate Zone and Collect Energy
Section 9 Compliance Forms
Energy Use Data, Target?
Section 7 Sect. 7 for Buildings with
Targets
Section 4
YES

Is there a
Target for Standard 100
Building Compliance
type? YES
Section 7
Complete
Prioritize, Verify Energy Compliance Forms
NO Conduct Energy Implement & Savings for Buildings w/o
Audit Section 8 Commission EEMs Section 9 Targets
Section 9 Section 4
 OTHER ASHRAE RESOURCES
Standards

* Standard 105-2014: Standard Methods of Determining,

Expressing, and Comparing Building Energy Performance
and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
* Standard 180-2012: Standard Practice for Inspection and
Maintenance of Commercial Building HVAC Systems
* Standard 189.1-2014: Standard for Design of High-
Performance Green Buildings
* Standard 62.1-2013: Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air
Quality
* Standard 90.1-2010-Energy Standard for Buildings
 Other ASHRAE RESOURCES
Guidelines

* Guideline 11-2009: Field Testing of HVAC Control

Components
* Guideline 14-2014: Measurement of Energy and
Demand Savings
* Guideline 22-2012- instrumentation for Monitoring
Central Chilled-Water Plant Eciency
ASHRAE RESOURCES: Advanced
Energy Design Guides
 Other ASHRAE Resources

* (Misc) ASHRAE Technical Papers and Journal Articles

* ASHRAE Owning and Operating Cost Database: http://
xp20.ashrae.org/publicdatabase/
* ASHRAE Back of the Envelope Calculator
* ASHRAE Performance Measurement Protocols for
Commercial Buildings
* ASHRAE Green Guide
* Energy Eciency Guides for Existing Commercial Buildings
* The business Case for Building Owners and Managers
 TOOLS OF THE TRADE
Whats in My Tool Box?

* Power Meter * Refractometer

* Data Loggers * Vaneometer
* Temperature Guns * Snake Camera
* FLIR Infrared Gun * Misc hand tools
* Sling Psychrometer
* Safety Gear
* Digital Psychrometer /Enthalpy
meter * I-Pad
* Temperature Probes / Clamp * Laptop Computer
on temperature * Calibrated Tracer Gas
* CO2 Sensor * Strobe-tachometer
* Lighting Meter * Sound Meter
 WHAT ELSE IS ASHRAE UP TO?

* ASHRAE Standard 211P Standard for Commercial

Building Energy Audits
* Will Standardize the Auditing Process
* Timeline?

QUESTIONS?