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ABSTRACT
A simple measurement of a harmonic current in an unspecified point of the network cannot detect the transit direction
of this current. The characterization of the harmonic currents flow direction harmonic currents requires a solid criterion,
which will easily identify the real direction of these currents, consider their effects and then attenuate them. The
criterion which seems to satisfy these requirements is that of the harmonic active Ph or reactive Qh powers. In this paper
the criterion of the harmonic active power Ph is developed. It arises from the results obtained that the harmonic active
power consumed by a non pollutant consumer is positive (Ph > O), whereas it is negative for a polluter one ( Ph< 0).
The criterion is also investigated using case studies and mathematical analysis .To validate the computation results,
simulations were carried our under MatlabiSimulink. The results obtained during simulation show that P, is positive
whatever the harmonic currents intensity in the network is for a clean consumer whereas it is negative for pollutant
consumer.
Keywords: Harmonics, Harmonic Soitrces. Harmonic Power Dkecfiori
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And cp. such as cos(cp,) 7d a n
inductances are not taken into account since they
are not involved in calculations o f the active power.
+ 4,- One seeks to find the sign of the active power of
each harmonic (order n), that i s to say the sign of
cos( %I (v) - VI1 (i).
with U,,
'i
= - I(?)cos(not)dt
T"
and b, = 2 jI(r)sin(nwr)iir
To
Our criterion consists to find thc sign of P, ..In the
other hand determining the sign of :
cm ( P n (kl - P,> (i)).
The average power of p (t) at order n is:
r
V , I , cos(nwt-cp.(v))cos(nwt-cp,,(i))dt
- all( -
~ ) . U , , ( ~ I ~ ~ ~ , ~ ~ ) . ~ ~ ~ l )
~>+6h'(~l)l'''[(~,,~(j"+~~~(~,)l''~-
[aj'(
According to the preceding relations:
VALIDITY OF THE CRITERION [2][3] The denominator is > 0
And numerator is:
The criterion selected to determine the direction of = R(a,(iJ2+ h,(i& > 0
the harmonic currents transit consists in finding the From where P,,> 0 .Hence the criterion is
direction of the harmonic active power flow by checked.
determining its sign. Pollutant consumer
One can examine various of modelling of network The dephasing cosine formulais the same one.
examples and check the direction of the measured The denominator is positive.
active power.
advd =Rr(anV2,WR+o&)
Linear charge (Same formulas with the bn) From where
4 c
R an(Y2)=-(R,.R)/(R,+R). a,(iJ.
b,(vJ=-(R, R)/( R,+R). bn(i$.
And the numerator is negative
= -(RvR)/(Rr+h!).( a,,(iz)'+ b,(iJ?
From where P,,2<0 .Hence the criterion is checked.
SIMULATION
Two network models are simulated (figure 4 and 5 )
R,,,.O.53R
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I I I I
SIMULATION RESULTS
The following figures represent the curves of the
voltages and currents of the two customers for
various cases (casel, case 4,case 6 ).The tables
1and 2 represent the various statements of the
currents and the voltages of the nvo customers after
simulation.
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case 1 2
IcI(A) 0 0 5 0 7 0 7 0 0
I,,, (A) 0 0 0.465 0 0.48 # 0.3 0 0
COS(PC1D
_ _ -0.4443 ~ -0.598 ~ -0.7355 - -
- cos(Pc1n1, _
_ 0.9991 - 0.9995 - 0.8693 - -
V(V1 1784.76 1308 I 784.76 2615 1 1571.76 2092 [2] Yang.H, PirotteP, "Assessing the harmonic
emission level from one particular customer"
Proceedings ofPQA ' 94.
[ 3 ]Srinivasan.K."Onseparating customer and
supply side harmonic confributions' IEEE
Transactions one power delivery,vol.112, pp1003-
1012, April 1996.
case 4 5 6
AUTHOR'S ADDRESS
horder 3 5 3 5 3 5
R.Azouaou
V(v) 1571.76 2615 1571.76 5230 3150 5230 Departement d'Electrotehnique,Universitt
de Tizi-Ouzou 15000 ALGERIA
Email: razoiiaotr6??vahoo.fr
I,,, A 4.31 6.77 4.31 13.53 13.53
-0.9553 -03624 -0.8634 0.5092 -0.8096 0.4863
cos cl
cos(D,,,, 0.865 0.9788 0.9136 0.9815 0.9349 0.9901
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