EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES AND NATIONAL PARKS WITH REFERENCE TO

EASTERN GHATS

The Eastern Ghats (EGs) comprise a chain of ancient low hills adjoining the east coast
of India. It is located between 110 22' North latitudes and 77022' and 85020' East
longitudes in the tropical region and starting from West Bengal pass through states
like Odisha and Andhra Pradesh to Tamil Nadu in the south passing some parts of
Karnataka

The hills of Eastern Ghats with opulent DefinitionProtectedAreas

biological diversity provide centers of endemism
for floral and faunal life. Eastern ghats is
blessed with Wildlife Sanctuaries and National
Parks. The Wildlife Sanctuaries and National
Park of the Eastern Ghats has its rich
biodiversity with unique feature. Wildlife
Sanctuaries, Tiger Reserves and National Parks
are discussed below under sub-headings like
location, area, established, forest type, flora,
fauna and its uniqueness.
A clearly defined geographical space,
recognized dedicated and managed,
through legal or other effective means,
toachievethelongtermconservationof
nature with associated ecosystem
servicesandculturalvalues
(InternationalUnionforConservationofNature(IUCN))

TAMIL NADU

VEDANTHANGAL BIRD SANCTUARY

Location : In Kanchipuram district, Tamil Nadu;
between 1203244 N 7905121E.
Area : 0.30 Sq. Kms
Established : 1936
Forest type : Dry evergreen scrub and thorn forests
Flora : Few species are Barringtonia acutangula,
Acacia nilotica, Alangium salviflorum, etc
Fauna : Few species are Egrets, Spot-billed
Pelican, Open-billed Stork, Painted Stork,
Great Cormorant, Indian Cormorant,
Darter, Eurasian spoonbill.
Uniqueness : Attracts Herons, Egrets, Storks, Ibises and
Spoonbills.
Open-billed Stork

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page1of13

 EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

ANDHRA PRADESH

KAMBALAKONDA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Visakhapatnam district; between
1704931 N to 8301831E.
Area : 70.70 Sq. Kms.
Established : 1970
Forest type : Dry evergreen forest mixed with scrub and
meadows.
Flora : Few species are Albizia odoratissima,
Syzygium cumini, Tectona grandis,
Catunaregam spinosa, Grewia tiliaefolia.
Fauna : Few species are Russell's Viper, Indian
Cobra, Chameleon, Asian Paradise-
flycatcher, Treepie, Quails, Partridges.
Uniqueness : A large and sprawling greenery around the
Vizag City harbouring diverse flora & fauna.

Albizia odoratissima

NELAPATTU BIRD SANCTUARY

Location : In Nellore district; between 1349'32.99"N
7957'54.99"E.
Area : 4.40 Sq. Kms.
Established : 1976
Forest type : Southern Dry Evergreen Scrub type of
forest
Flora : Few species are Barringtonia acutangula
Babul, Psosopis sp., Ipomea sp.
Fauna : Few rare and endangered species like
Spot-billed Pelican, Open-Billed Stork,
Painted Stork, Little Cormorant, Spoonbill,
White ibis and Night-Heron.
Uniqueness : Barringtonia acutangula trees providing
nesting ground for Pelicans.
Spot-billed Pelican

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page2of13

 EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

CORINGA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In East Godavari district; between 16-30'
to 17-00' N latitudes and 82-14' to 82-
23'E longitudes.
Area : 235.70 Sq. Kms
Established : 1978
Forest type : Mangrove forest
Flora : Few species are rich in mangrove
vegetation like Rhizophora sp., Avicennia
sp., Sonneratia sp., Aegiceros sp.
Fauna : Few species are Otter, Fishing Cat, Jackal,
Marine Turtle. Home for some of the rare,
endangered species like Smooth Indian
Otter, Fishing Cat, Estuarine Crocodile.
Uniqueness : The largest surviving patch of Mangrove
forests in the State with more than 65
mangrove tree species.

Smooth Indian Otter

PAPIKONDA SANCTUARY
: In East Godavari, West Godavari &
Location Khammam districts; between 1724'28"N
8131'5"E.
Area : 591 Sq. Kms
Established : 1978
Forest type : Dry deciduous Teak forest
Flora : Few species are Terminalia sp., Pterocarpus
sp., Cassia sp.
Fauna : Few species are Tiger, Panther, Gaur,
Cheetal, Chowsingha, Sambar, Black Buck,
Mouse Deer, Barking Deer, Sloth Bear.
Uniqueness : The sight of mighty Godavari meandering
through densely forested hills with deep
gorges & valleys.

Sloth Bear

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page3of13

 EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

NAGARJUNA-SRISAILAM SANCTUARY
Location : In Guntur, Prakasham, Kurnool and
Mahaboobnagar districts; between 16018N
78059E
Area : 3568.09 sq.kms
Established : Wildlife Sanctuary in 1978, Tiger Reserve in
1983.
Forest type : Dry deciduous mixed forests
Flora : Few species are Terminalia tomentosa,
Terminalia bellerica, Chloroxylon swietenia,
Boswellia serrata
Fauna : Few species are Tiger, Panther, Sloth Bear,
Ratel, Tree Shrew, Black Buck, Sambar,
Chowsingha, Nilgai, Wild Boar. The Indian
wild dog is an endangered species found in
this sanctuary.
Uniqueness : Largest Tiger reserve in India spreading over
5 districts with river Krishna flowing
through the reserve.

Indian Wild Dog

SRI LANKAMALLESWARA SANCTUARY

Location : In Cuddapah district; between 1435'7.99"N
7856'42.34"E.
Area : 464.42 Sq. Kms.
Established : 1988
Forest type : Dry deciduous mixed thorn forests
Flora : An endemic species like Pterocarpus
santalinus is found here.
Fauna : Few species are Panther, Sloth Bear,
Cheetal, Sambar, Chowsingha, Chinkara,
Nilgai, Wild Boar, Fox and the Jerdons
Courser (nocturnal bird).
Uniqueness : The only habitat in the world harbouring the
Jerdons Courser, a highly endangered bird.
Jerdons Courser

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page4of13

 EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

ROLLAPADU BIRD SANCTUARY

Location : In Kurnool district; between 1543'39.79"N
7820'4.01"E
Area : 6.14 Sq. Kms.
Established : 1988
Forest type : Open dry grassland interspersed with
thorny bushes
Flora : Few species are Manilkara hexandra,
Strychnos sp., Ficus Tsiela.
Fauna : Few species are Great Indian Bustard, Black
Buck, Wolf, Jackal, Bonnet Monkey,
Russells Viper, Cobra.
Uniqueness : The only habitat in the State for the rare
and highly endangered Great Indian
Bustard is observed here.
Great Indian Bustard

SRI VENKATESHWARA NATIONAL PARK

Location : In Chittoor and Cuddapah districts;
between 1348'10.05"N 7926'11.08"E.
Area : 353.62 Sq. Kms
Established : 1989
Forest type : Dry deciduous mixed forest with patches of
moist deciduous forest
Flora : Rare and endemic plant species like Shorea
talura, Shorea tumbuggaia, Terminalia
pallida, Cycas beddomei, Syzygium
alternifolium, Psilotum nudum occur in this
area.
Fauna : Rare and endangered species like Golden
Gecko, Slender Loris, Indian Giant Squirrel,
Tree Shrew and Flying.
Uniqueness : Seshachalam hill ranges supports some of
the endemic and highly endangered flora &
fauna.

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page5of13

 EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

Golden Gecko

KRISHNA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Krishna and Guntur districts; between
15 46 27 N, 80 56 39 E.
Area : 194.81 Sq. Kms.
Established : 1989
Forest type : Mangrove forest
Flora : Few species rich in mangrove vegetation are
Rhizophora sp., Avicennia sp., Sonneratia
sp., Aegiceras sp
Fauna : Some of the rare species like Common Kukri
Snake, Striped Keelback Snake, Checkered
Keelback Snake, Common Trinket Snake,
Rat Snake, Common Indian Bronzeback
Snake, Common Green Whip Snake,
Common Cat Snake
Uniqueness : Mangrove forests in the Krishna estuary
with unique flora & fauna.

Common Green Whip Snake

GUNDLA BRAHMESWARAM WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Kurnool and Prakasam districts; between
1537'41.83"N 7843'57.36"E
Area : 1194 Sq. Kms.
Established : 1990
Forest type : Mixed deciduous
Flora : Few species are Tectona grandis,
Pterocarpus sp., Terminalia sp., Albizzia
lebbeck, Anogeissius latifolia, Dalbergia sp.
Fauna : Some of the endangered species of animals
living in this Sanctuary are Chausingha,
Chinkara, Nilgai, Blackbuck, Sambar and
Pangolin.
Uniqueness : Pristine forests of Nallamalai tract, rich in
plants of Ethno-botanical values.

Indian Gazelle (Chinkara)

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page6of13

 EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

KAUNDINYA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Chittoor district; between 1300130N
7803842E
Area : 357.60 Sq. Kms
Established : 1990
Forest type : Southern tropical dry deciduous and thorn
forest
Flora : Few species are Albizia sp., Acacia sp.,
Lagerstroemia sp., Ficus sp., Bamboo sp.
Fauna : Few species are Indian Elephant, Sloth
Bear, Panther, Cheetal, Boar, Jungle Cat,
Jackal, Jungle Fowl, Star Tortoise, Slender
Loris. The vulnerable Yellow-throated
Bulbul is present in this sanctuary.
Uniqueness : The only Elephant Reserve in the State and
Kaigal and Kaundinya are two streams,
which flow through this sanctuary.
Yellow-throated Bulbul

KOLLERU BIRD SANCTUARY

Location : In West Godavari district of Andhra
Pradesh; between 1639N to 8113E.
Area : 673 Sq. Kms.
Established : 1999
Forest type : Fresh water lake.
Flora : Few species are Ipomea sp., Typha sp.,
Albizzia sp., Prosopis sp., Reeds, Tall
grasses, Water Hyacinth, Pharagmites,
Ottelia.
Fauna : Few species are Glossy ibis, Pintails, Teals,
Open-Billed Stork, Painted Stork,
Red-crested Pochards,.
Uniqueness : It attracts migratory birds from countries
like Australia, Siberia, Egypt and the
Philippines.

Red-crested Pochard

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page7of13

EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

TELANGANA

KINNERASANI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Khammam district; between 1704630 N
8003332E.
Area : 635.40 Sq. Kms.
Established : 1977
Forest type : Dry deciduous forest
Flora : Few species are Bambusa sp., Terminalia
sp., Anogeissus sp., Cassia sp..
Fauna : Few species are Tiger, Panther, Gaur,
Cheetal, Chinkara, Chowsingha, Sambar,
Wild Boar, Wild Dog, Partridges.
Uniqueness : Deer Park, Kinnerasani Dam and
Reservoir. Kinnerasani Lake with densely
forested islands

Partridges

ODISHA

HADGARH WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Keonjhar and Mayurbhanj districts;
between latitude 21016 to 20045 N and
longitudes 860-20E.
Area : 191.06 sq. km.
Established : 1978
Forest type : Mixed deciduous forests
Flora : Few species are Shorea robusta, Cassia
sp.
Fauna : Few species are Leopard, Wild Dog,
Spotted Deer, Wild Boar, Elephant, Nilgai,
Migratory Duck, Mugger, Jungle Cat,
Pangolin.
Uniqueness : Baula hill range and Salandi river are the
main features.

Pangolin

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page8of13

EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

KOTAGARH WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Phulbani district; between latitudes
1900' to 19056' N and longitudes 83012" to
8400' E
Area : 399.05 sq. km.
Established : 1981
Forest type : North Indian Moist Peninsular Sal Forest,
Northern tropical semi evergreen forest
Flora : Few species are Adina cordifolia, Careya
arborea, Mallotus Philippensis, Nyctanthes
arbor-tristis, Buchanania lanzan, Bauhinia
sp., Cleistanthus collinus.
Fauna : Few species are Nilgai, Leopard, Bison,
Sambar, Spotted Deer, varieties of birds
and reptiles.
Uniqueness : The dense lush green forest with sylvan
and serene picturesque beauty is the
major attraction.
Nilgai

KHALASUNI WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Sambalpur district; between

21020'30.63"N 8428'43.51"E.
Area : 116 sq. km.
Established : 1982
Forest type : Moist deciduous and tropical dry forests
Flora : Few species are Bambusa sp. Cassia sp.
Fauna : Few species are Leopard, Bison, Sambar,
Spotted Deer, Barking Deer, Mouse Deer,
Peafowl, Red Jungle Fowl.
Uniqueness : The secluded enclaves of this Sanctuary is
the home of several variegated species of
wildlife.
Bison

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page9of13

EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

LAKHARI VALLEY WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Gajapati district; between latitude
19015' to 19025' N and longitude 84015' to
84025' E.
Area : 185.87 sq. km.
Established : 1985
Forest type : Tropical mixed deciduous forest.
Flora : Few species are Tectona grandis, Shorea
robusta, Pterocarpus marsupium, Bambusa
sp.
Fauna : Few species are Blackbucks, Tiger,
Leopard, Bear, Hyena, Wild boar, Spotted
Deer, Elephant.
Uniqueness : This sanctuary has its rich in floristic
composition and medicinal plants
Blackbuck

SIMLIPAL NATIONAL PARK

Location : In Mayurbhanj district; between latitude
21028' to 2208' N and longitudes 8604' to
86037' E.
Area : 845.70 sq.km.
Established : 1986
Forest type : Mixed Sal, dry deciduous, moist
deciduous and some evergreen patches.
Flora : Few species are Orchids, Eucalyptus sp.
Fauna : Few species are Leopard, Four-horned
Antelope, Hyena, Wolf, Sambar, Chital,
Mouse-deer, Gaur, Elephant, Giant
squirrel, Peafowl, Hill Myna, Grey Hornbill
and reptiles like Marsh Crocodile, Monitor
Lizard.
Uniqueness : Natural waterfalls that are called as
Barehipani and Joranda, Tiger tracking,
Bird Watching, jeep jungle Safaris to view
natures beauty
Grey Hornbill

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page10of13

EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

BADRAMA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Sambalpur district between latitude
21020' to 21040' N and longitude 84010' to
840 30' E.

Area : 304.03 sq. km.

Established : 1987

Forest type : Dry deciduous mixed forest

Flora : Few species are Shorea robusta, Pterocarpus
marsupium, Bambusa sp., Tectona grandis.
Fauna : Tiger, Leopard, Hyena, Wild Bear, Spotted
Deer, Elephant.
Uniqueness : The watch towers installed within the
sanctuary provide a good view of the
animals flocking the nearby watering points
at night
Spotted Deer

SUNABEDA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location In Nuapada district; between latitude
: 200060 to 200440 N and longitude
820200 to 8203448 E.
Area : 591.75 sq. km.
Established 1988.
:
Forest type : Dry mixed deciduous forest
Flora Few species are Tectona grandis, Shorea
:
robusta, and other forest species
Fauna Few species are Tiger, Leopard, Hyena,
: Barking deer, Chital, Bison, Sambar, Hill
Myna, Peafowl, Partridge.
Uniqueness This sanctuary has eleven beautiful
waterfalls and seasonal streams and is
:
considered as an ideal habitat for Swamp
deer (locally extinct).
Swamp Deer

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page11of13

EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

KARLAPAT WILDLIFE SANCTUARY

Location : In Kalahandi district; between latitudes
19030' to 19050' (North) and longitude, 820
45' to 83015' (East).
Area : 147.66 sq.km.
Established : 1992
Forest type : Dry deciduous forests
Flora : Few species are Habenaria barbata,
Shorea robusta, Orchids.
Fauna : Few species are Sambar, Gaur, Nilgai,
Mouse Deer, Barking Deer
Uniqueness : The undulated topography of the
sanctuary, with hills, valley, perennial
streams and deep water pools give it an
unique charm. Another popular attraction
in the sanctuary is the Khanduala Fall
located on a hill top and is believed to be
the home of Goddess Khandua.
Mouse Deer

SATKOSIA TIGER RESERVE

Location : In Angul, Cuttack, Nayagarh and Boudh
districts; between latitude 20025' to 200
45' N and longitude 85035' to 8605' E.
Area : 964 Sq. Kms.
Established : 2007.
Forest type : Moist, dry & mixed deciduous forest, and
moist peninsular sal forests
Flora : Few species are Shorea robusta, Syzygium
cumini, Pterocarpus marsupium, Dalbergia
latifolia, Terminalia arjuna.
Fauna : Few species are Tiger, Leopard, Elephant,
Gaur, Sambar, Spotted Deer, Mouse Deer,
Nilgai, Choushingha, Sloth Bear, Wild
Dog.
Uniqueness : River Mahanadi, the Gharial Research and
Conservation Unit at Tikarapada, hill
lopes, various tracking routes and
boating.
Tiger

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page12of13

EPTRIENVISCentre(EcologyofEasternGhats)

Sources
http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/envis/sdev/parks.htm
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atapaka_Bird_Sanctuary
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kambalakonda_Wildlife_Sanctuary
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kolleru_Lake
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vedanthangal_Bird_Sanctuary
http://forest.ap.nic.in/Tiger_Reserve.htm#
http://forest.ap.nic.in/WL%20SIVARAM.htm
http://idosi.org/wjz/wjz7%284%2912/7.pdf
http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=38189
http://kandhamal.nic.in/km-for/wildlifes.htm
http://orissa.gov.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2011/pdf/17-20.pdf)
http://www.academia.edu/6967974/Dash_P_and_P._Kumar._2013._Habenaria_barbat
a_Wight_ex_Hook.f._a_new_record_for_Central_India._Zoo_s_Print_28_7_21_22
http://www.forests.tn.nic.in/wildbiodiversity/bs_vedabs.html
http://www.fra.org.in/guarding%20their%20God.pdf
http://www.indiamapped.com/wildlife-sanctuaries-in-india/andhra-pradesh-
rollapadu-wildlife-sanctuary
http://www.indianetzone.com/71/khalasuni_wildlife_sanctuary.htm
http://www.indianholiday.com/wildlife-india/kolleru-lake-bird-sanctuary.html
http://www.navratnanews.com/Biodiversity/Sanctuary.htm
http://www.odishaecotourism.com/wildlife-sanctuaries-odisha.html
http://www.odishawildlife.org/SANTURIESATAGLANCE.htm
http://www.sanctuariesindia.com/sunabeda-wildlife-sanctuary/
http://www.satkosia.org/;
http://zeropoint.co.in/satkosia.php
http://zoomwildlife.licii.com/wildlife-bird-sanctuaries-india/andhra-pradesh/kolleru-
bird-sanctuary.html
https://sites.google.com/site/viveklpm/wild-and-zoo-animal-care-and-
management/major-wildlife-sanctuaries-and-reserves-in-india/major-wildlife-
sanctuaries-and-reserves-of-andhra-pradesh

Article 02/2014/ENVIS-Ecology of Eastern Ghats Page13of13