UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA

FAKULTI KEJURUTERAAN KIMIA

PROCESS SIMULATION LABORATORY
(CPE613)

NAME : NOR ASIKIN BINTI ROSLI

STUDENT I.D : 2014461724
EXPERIMENT : SEPARATION OF AMMONIA AND WATER
DATE PERFORMED : 7 OCTOBER 2016
SEMESTER :5
PROGRAM : EH 241 5A
SUBMIT TO : DR SHAWALLIAH IDRIS

No. Title Allocated Marks (%) Marks

1 Procedure 10
2 Process Flow Diagram (PFD) 20
3 Workbook 30
4 Questions & Discussions 40
TOTAL MARKS 100

Remarks:

Checked by: Rechecked by:

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( ) ( )
Date: Date:
OBJECTIVE
-understand the usage of condenser, valve and separation process.

PROCEDURE
Procedure for process separation of ammonia and water using Aspen Plus:
1. Firstly, the icon of the Aspen HYSYS was click to open the system.
2. Next, to get blank simulation need to click new button.
3. The component in this situation which is methanol and water in component list.
4. After that select the fluid packages. In this lab Peng-Robinson was used.
5. Then, simulation button was selected to open to begin the simulation and also the PFD.
6. Condenser, valve and also flash vessel (separator) models was dragged one from the
common button selection.
7. Each stream of model block were renamed and also all the stream from each unit operation
model were connected.
8. All the data that was given in the question were written in the simulation.
9. After all the data was correctly, the simulation is converging.

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM (PFD)

SUMMARY OF THE RESULT
QUESTION:
1. What is the temperature of the outlet stream of the condenser?
= 140.1 C
2. What are the mole fractions for ammonia and water in the vapour and liquid stream of the
separator?
Vapour stream Liquid stream
Mole fraction (Ammonia) 0.8238 0.2042
Mole fraction (H2O) 0.1762 0.7958

3. Determine the mass flow rate for each outlet stream of the separator.
Vapour stream Liquid stream
Mass flow rate (kg/hr) 7.504e+004 3102

MANUAL CALCULATION

Q = mCpdT

Cp Ammonia at Temperature, T=143.6 C = 416.6K

Cp = 3.578 + (3.020x 10-3T) 0.186x10-5T-2)
= 4.8353 KJ/kg.K
Cp water at Temperature, T=143.6 C=416.6K
Cp = 3.470 + (1.450x10-3T) + (0.121x10-5T-2)
= 4.0746 KJ/kg.K

Q = mCpdT
1700KW = (4536kgmol/hr) x(1hr/3600s)x[(4.8353KJ/kg.K x 0.8) + (4.0746KJ/kg.K x 0.2)] x
dT
dT = 288.077K=15.077 C
dT = Tin Tout
Tout = Tin dT
Tout = 143.6 C 15.077 C
Tout = 128.523 C
Mole fraction for Ammonia and water
In liquid stream
Mole flow rate of Ammonia = 0.2042 x 174.1 kgmol/hr
= 35.5512 kgmol/hr

Mole flow rate of Water = 0.7958 x 174.1 kgmol/hr

= 138.5488 kgmol/hr
Total flow rate = 35.5512 kgmol/hr + 138.5488 kgmol/hr
= 174.1 kgmol/hr
Xammonia = (35.5512 kgmol/hr) / (174.1 kgmol/hr)
= 0.2042
Xwater = 1 Xammonia
= 1 - 0.2042
= 0.7958
In vapour stream
Mole flow rate of Ammonia = 0.8238 x 4362 kgmol/hr
= 3594.4156 kgmol/hr

Mole flow rate of Water = 0.1762 x 4362 kgmol/hr

= 768.5844 kgmol/hr
Total flow rate = 3594.4156 kgmol/hr + 768.5844 kgmol/hr
= 4363 kgmol/hr
Yammonia = (3594.4156 kgmol/hr) / (4363 kgmol/hr)
= 0.8238
Ywater = 1 Yammonia
= 1 - 0.8238
= 0.1762

DISCUSION OF THIS SUMMARY

Separation process is the method want to separate the mixture of the chemical into the vapor
phase and liquid phase. The different of the separation in chemical properties or physical
properties. In this simulation, the separation process of ammonia and water to determine how
much the value of water and ammonia.

Feed enter the condenser at a flow rate 4536 kgmole/hr that contains 0.80 of ammonia. It feed
at temperature 143.6 C and at pressure 1742 kPa. Also heat is removed at a rate of 1700 kW.
In system involving heat transfer, a condenser is device that are being used to condense a
substance from gas to liquid phase thought the cooling process. Condenser are typically heat
exchangers which have many design and come with many sizes ranging from rather small to
large industrial-scale units in plant process. After enter the condenser the mixture enters to the
valve. It enter to the valve before enter the flash vessel to reduce the pressure from 1724 kPa
to 1034 kPa. The function of the valve is to decrease the pressure of the system. Then, the
mixture enters the flash vessel to separate the vapor phase and liquid phase. It process to
separate mixture that contains ammonia and water. It used flash vessel compare the
distillation because it high cost for distillation compare flash vessel.

In this simulation, the fluid packing that used is Advanced Peng-Robison package. The Peng-
Robinson equation state can model some liquids as well as real gases. This equation is
popular for us with natural gas systems found in petroleum industries. The equation states are
useful in describing the physical properties of fluids, solids, and even the interior of state.

For the result that we get from this simulation show that this process is full vaporized. At
stream V the vapor fraction is 1 it shown that the process full vaporized. The heat flow for this
process is 6.120e+006. The feed ammonia in vapor is 0.9850 and then for liquid phase is
0.015.

For the manual calculation, the composition of the outlet of vapor stream and outlet of liquid
stream cannot be calculates it is because there are not enough information is given in the
question. But it still can calculate while take the value of molar flow from simulation result
which is 174.1 kgmol/hr in liquid stream and 4362 kgmol/hr for vapor stream. For the
temperature out that get from manual calculation is 128.523 C while using Aspen HYSYS the
temperature out is 140.1 C. We cannot get the same answer with Aspen HYSYS while using
manual calculation it is because in simulation data the value of Cp consider the change in
pressure and temperature in condenser while in manual calculation we does not consider it. So
we cannot get the same temperature outlet as in simulation.

We try to manipulate the data in simulation which is we reduce the pressure to 1000Kpa and
the heat release is 1500KW. The temperature in stream T out1 = 123.0 C. The composition
Ammonia that in vapor stream is 0.8209 and the composition water in vapor stream is 0.1791.
It shown that when reduce the pressure and reduce the heat release the composition of the
Ammonia in the vapor stream reduce also. It can say that to increase the composition of
Ammonia in vapor stream it must to increase the pressure and the heat release.

REFERENCES
1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Separation_process
2. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condenser_(heat_transfer)
3. https://www.vcalc.com/wiki/MichaelBartmess/Peng-Robinson+Equation+of+State