26/12/2016 EthanolfromAlgaeOilgaeOilfromAlgae

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EthanolfromAlgae

HaveyouseenOilgae'scomprehensivereportontheattractiveproductandbusiness
opportunitiesfromalgae?
Theonlyreportanywhereintheworldthatscientificallyanalyseseverypossible
nonfuelproductopportunityfromalgaeinnutrition,animal/fishfeed,medicine
andpharma,specialtychemicalssuchasagrochemicalsandlubricants,plastics,
environmentalremediationandmore.

KnowmoreabouttheComprehensiveAlgaeBusinessOpportunitiesreportfrom
here.

Algaehaveatendencytohaveamuchdifferentmakeupthandoesmost

feedstocksusedinethanol,suchascornandsugarcane.Ethanolfrom
algaeispossiblebyconvertingthestarch(thestoragecomponent)and
Cellulose(thecellwallcomponent).Putsimply,lipidsinalgaeoilcanbe
madeintobiodiesel,whilethecarbohydratescanbeconvertedtoethanol.Algaearetheoptimalsourceforsecondgeneration
bioethanolduetothefactthattheyarehighincarbohydrates/polysaccharidesandthincellulosewalls

Itsnotthatitsdifficulttomakeethanolfromalgae.

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VeridiumCorpisasubsidiaryofGreenShift.(Mar2006)

Therealproblemisthattherearesomanymorevaluableproductstoproducefromit,suchascarrageenan,agar,anddozens
ofvaluablecompounds.Incomparison,alcoholisalowpricedproduct.

AlgaeSpeciesforEthanolProduction

Someprominentstrainsofalgaethathaveahighcarbohydratecontentandhencearepromisingcandidatesforethanol
production.

Sargassum
Glacilaria
Prymnesiumparvum
Euglenagracilis

ProcessbehindEthanolfromAlgae

Fermentationprocesstoproduceethanolincludethefollowingstages:
(a)Growingstarchaccumulating,filamentforming,orcolonyformingalgaeinanaquacultureenvironment
(b)Harvestingthegrownalgaetoformabiomass
(c)Initiatingdecayofthebiomass
(d)Contactingthedecayingbiomasswithayeastcapableoffermentingittoformafermentationsolutionand,
(e)Separatingtheresultingethanolfromthefermentationsolution.
Initiatingdecaymeansthatthebiomassistreatedinsuchawaythatthecellularstructureofthebiomassbeginstodecay
(e.g.,cellwallrupture)andreleasethecarbohydrates.Initiatingdecaycanbeaccomplishedmechanically,nonmechanically.
Theyeastsusedaretypicallybrewers'yeasts(SaccharomycescerevisiaeandSaccharomycesuvarum).Besidesyeast,
geneticallyalteredbacteriaknowtothoseofskillinthearttobeusefulforfermentationcanalsobeused.

EthanolfromDeoiledAlgae

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Overall,thealgalbiomasscomprisesthreemaincomponentsCarbohydrates,ProteinsandLipids.Oncethelipidshavebeen
extractedtheleftovercakeisprimarilycomposedofcarbohydratesandproteins.Carbohydratesintheleftoveralgaecanbe
convertedintosugars.Dependingonthestrain,thesugarcaneitherbesimpleorcomplex.Thus,theleftoverbeusedas
feedstockforethanol.
Algaecakethatisleftoverafterextractionofoilforbiodieselcanbeconvertedintoethanolthroughfermentationofthe
extract.Thisgivesrisetotheinterestingpossibilityofproducingbothbiodieselandethanolfromalgae!Addtothisthefact
thatfermentationofalgaeextracttoethanolreleasesCO2,whichcanagainbefedtogrowmorealgae.Suchaclosedloop
presentsanattractivepotentialonwhichsomeinitialtrialsareongoing.

Researchonethanolproduction:

EthanolfromSeaweedinJapan

Japanesescientistsandcorporationsworkingtocreateethanolfromseaweed.researchersinJapanaredoing,namely,
tryingtocreateethanolfromSargassumseaweed(Apr2007)
SeaweedBioethanolProductioninJapan,titledthe"OceanSunriseProject",aimstoproduceseaweedbioethanolby
farmingandharvestingSargassumhorneri,utilizing4.47millionkm2(sixthlargestintheworld)ofunusedareasofthe
exclusiveeconomiczone(EEZ)andmaritimebeltsofJapan.Throughseaweedbioethanolproduction,theProjectaimsto
combatglobalwarmingbycontributinganalternativeenergytofossilfuel.Thispaperoutlinestheresultsoftheproject's
feasibilityresearchconductedbyTokyoFisheriesPromotionFoundation.(Year2007)

Saccharificationofmarinemicroalgalbiomassforbioethanolproductionusingmarinebacteria

MitsufumiMatsumoto*,HideakiMiyashita,TadashiMatsunaga
DepartmentofBiotechnology,TokyoUniversityofAgricultureandTechnology

Bioethanolproductionfrommarinealgaewillbedividedintotwomajorprocesses.Oneisasaccharificationofstarchtosugar
andotheristhefermentationprocessbyyeast.Inthesaccharificationofstarch,enzymaticprocessesusingamylasehave
beenapplied.Aspergillussp.andBacillussp.producelargeamountsofextracellularamylase,andarecommonlyused.
However,desalininationprocessmightberequiredtodevelopadirectbioethanolproductionfrommarinealgalbiomass.
Therefore,marineamylasemaybemoresuitableforsaccharificationofmarinealgalbiomass.weinvestigatedamylase
productionbymarineNKMB0074andsaccharificationofmicroalgalbiomasswithhighstarchcontents(Year2003)

Whilstmacroalgaeisaprovensourceofbiomassforethanolandmethaneproduction,microalgaeisalsoconsideredby
scientiststobeapromisingsourceofbiodiesel.
http://www.climatechangecorp.com/content.asp?ContentID=5704

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