NOYNOY & MAR ON 'GOVERNANCE ECONOMICS 2010-2016': AN INTERVIEW
BENIGNO AQUINO III
BURNING ISSUES OF
THE DAY
1.
THE 2009 NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS IN
ECONOMICS WENT TO TWO
"GOVERNANCE ECONOMISTS",
ELINOR OSTROM & OLIVER
WILLIAMSON.
2.
THE GMA GOVT HAS SET A BUDGET
DEFICIT TARGET OF P230 BN FOR
THE NEXT ADMINISTRATION. MANY
EXPERTS THINK IT WILL BE MUCH
HIGHER. THE 2009 DEFICIT IS NOW
EXPECTED TO HIT AN ALL-TIME
RECORD OF P320 BN.
AUGUSTO STEVE LEGASTO JR.,
Presidential Candidate
Philippines 2010
Hers is better called "economics of
patronage & privilege" where the
favored few prospered at the
expense of the majority. The
Maguindanao massacre is the
epitome of failed governance. Under
her watch the divide between the
wealthy & the poor widened
considerably.
Maguindanao is the poorest
region in the country. She allowed a
favored few like the Ampatuans to
lord it over Maguindanaoans. And,
there are other 'Maguindanaos'
around the country just waiting to
explode.
The 1st prerequisite to tackling
poverty & corruption is a sincere
heart. The 2nd is a set of science-
based solution tools. We intend to
tap the best minds in governance
economics in our administration.
That P230 Bn figure is just for show.
We uncovered her plan to bloat the
next president's budget deficit by
letting large taxpayers pay their
2010 taxes this year with large
discounts. We are opposing this.
Then, if elected, I intend to
overhaul the entire revenue
collection system to recover the
hundreds of billions that are owed
but not being collected. We will use
science & technology, particularly
information & communication
technology (ICT), to do this &
contain the deficit even as we
aggressively pursue our
development goals for the nation.
MAR ROXAS
Ph.D.1 >
Panel Chairman
Author, A Nation's Blueprint to
True Prosperity: Antidote to
Financial Meltdowns
Governance relates to decisions that
define expectations, grant power &
verify performance. Governance
economics is economics that balances
wealth with such social & moral
concerns as sharing wealth, cultural &
spiritual wellbeing. How would you
rate GMA as a "governance
economist"?
The 2009 budget deficit has already
reached a historic high of Php266 Bn
as of end Oct. with 2 months to go.
Where will you source funds next
year, if elected, to pursue your
development goals for the country?
Vice Presidential Candidate
Philippines 2010
To me, she even fails in Economics
101! The 2009 budget deficit has
already set historic records & 2009 is
not over yet! Tax collections have
fallen over 7% below her own targets
even as the economy grew year-on-
year! The numbers of poor people
have kept growing under her watch.
We want to put an end to this type
of governance. We will rely on the
power of Science & Technology to
prosper this nation. This is where we
will tap our tech-savvy youth to play
a pivotal role in transforming this
nation through world-class
governance best practices.
"Sipag" & "Tiyaga" just won't do,
especially when honesty & integrity
fall short.
I have been a strong believer in the
power of ICT as an engine to bring
prosperity to our country. We have
have access to the best ICT systems &
partners in the world to enable us to
overhaul our revenue collection
system, tightly control budget
releases & cash flows & closely
monitor agency performance in using
their budgets to meet their mandated
objectives & targets.
We will ensure the maximum
socio-economic benefits out of every
peso spent in pursuit of our
development goals. We cannot do
this without computerized systems.
 ISSUES BENIGNO AQUINO III
With the right tools & systems we
can do both, i.e., contain the deficit
& still pursure our development
goals aggressively. The World Bank,
et al. estimate revenue opportunity
losses at about 20% of the annual
3. budget or Php300 Bn for 2010. We
THE NEED TO CONTAIN THE know how we will go after that.
DEFICIT SEEMS TO BE AT ODDS Then, we'll attract new funding
WITH THE NEED TO AGGRESSIVELY from big foreign investors especially
PURSUE DEVELOPMENT in large-scale agro-industrial projects
PROGRAMS TO ALLEVIATE & responsible mining. We will ensure
POVERTY, HUNGER, ILLITERACY & that Filipinos will get their fair share
JOBLESSNESS of profits from the resources
extracted or used from their
domains, especially our indigenous
peoples' (IPs).
I believe the only hope we have
in bridging the gap between the
'haves' & 'have-nots' & bringing
development to the un-served &
under-served communities is
through ICT & the Internet.
STEVE LEGASTO
Which would you prioritize,
containing the deficit or pursuing your
development agenda with an
aggressive budget? D8
MAR ROXAS
We know where the poorest, most
uneducated, unemployed,
undernourished are, mostly in places
beyond the reach of tele-
communication, basic utility, road &
market networks. The only way we
can facilitate the delivery of quality
education, healthcare & both public
& private services & benefits to
these communities that suffer the
most from the lack of qualified
teachers, medical staff, the
necessary facilities, job & livelihood
opportunities is with the use of ICT
tools, systems & networks.
Like 27 other developing countries
who are setting up their own
"Integrated Financial and
Management Information Support
System" (IFMIS) to maximize their
ability to govern their nation, we will
install one immediately, if elected.

4.
THE THREE 2008 & 2009
ECONOMICS NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS
ALL FOUND THAT RESOURCES ARE
BEST MANAGED BY THE PEOPLE
WITHIN THE LOCAL COMMUNITY
RATHER THAN BY CENTRAL
GOVERNMENT.
The key to success will be the
involvement of the people who are
affected and have a vested interest.
I will break the tradition of dictating
everything from a top-down mode. I
will fully implement the spirit of the
Local Government Code of 1991 &
institute a "bottom-up" governance
by involving local stakeholders in
each community's development via
local "management and
development coordinating councils"
(MDCCs) consisting of representative
individuals from both the public &
private sector. But, I will set the
national development targets & be
the one to manage the purse to
ensure optimal & equitable
deployment of funds to local
communities.
Traditionally, governance in the
Philippines has followed a "top-down"
mode with Malacanang dictating
priorities, projects, programs &
activities across the communities
nationwide. How would you go about
implementing these Nobel Prize
winning governance "best practice"
prescription of a "bottom-up" mode
of governance?
We will organize local MDCCs to
provide the expertise needed to help
communities do their development
planning & assist in the management
& operations of the projects &
programs to be executed. MDCCs will
be largely composed of respected &
qualified representatives of
academia, faith-based institutions,
NGOs, government, professionals,
entrepreneurs, successful
businessmen, financiers & sectoral
organizations (e.g., of farmers,
workers, youth, women, elderly, etc.).
Our "bottom-up" strategy will begin
with a few pilot communities & make
them attractive models for others to
emulate.
 ISSUES
5.
THE 2008 & 2009 ECONOMICS
NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS ALSO
FOUND THAT LARGE PRIVATE-LED
ENTERPRISES OPERATING AT
ECONOMIES OF SCALE IMPACT
MOST STRONGLY & EFFICIENTLY ON
ECONOMIC GROWTH & NATIONAL
PROSPERITY.
6.
ICT HAS REVOLUTIONIZED THE WAY
BUSINESS & GOVERNMENT ARE
RUN GLOBALLY. AFRICAN
COUNTRIES ARE USING IT TO
LEAPFROG INTO PROSPERITY.
THERE ARE THOUSANDS OF
APPLICATIONS IN THE WEB.
NETWORK COSTS HAVE PLUNGED
TO MAKE CONNECTIVITY
AFFORDABLE TO THE MASSES.
BENIGNO AQUINO III
We believe that large enterprises
operating at economies of scale
generate the biggest positive impact
on economic development & are the
most efficient in squeezing the most
jobs & income benefits out of every
peso investment.
But we want to make sure these
enterprises do benefit the masses,
we will provide special incentives
for "Social Business Enterprises"
(SBEs). SBEs are large enterprises
funded & driven by seasoned
companies or businessmen that do
not focus on profits alone but give
premium value to the positive social
impact of the business to the
community. We will closely monitor
them to ensure the positive social
impact of the projects. Muhammad
Yunus of 'Grameen Banking' is a well-
known advocate of SBEs.
We've seen how ICT boosted
participation by average Americans
in their 2008 elections & how it
facilitated rescue efforts during
typhoons "Ondoy" & "Pepeng". ICT
provides the only means there is to
bring appropriate development &
prosperity to the remotest
communities. We will use programs
like Twitter & Facebook to facilitate
organizing & mobilization of people.
Google Wave for real-time on-line
collaborations.
But this cannot be done without a
nationwide connectivity network.
Unlike GMA's attempt to acquire &
operate the network infrastructure
via the infamous ZTE-NBN deal, I will
rely on private sector initiatives like
CBCP World's with their delivery of
Internet service to schools in remote
coastal & mountainous regions.
My government will seek to work
synergistically with the private
sector including NGOs, sectoral
groups, faith-based & academic
institutions, et al. We will use ICT to
deliver quality education &
healthcare as well as to spur business
opportunities & jobs creation to the
remotest, most deprived barangays.
STEVE LEGASTO
If, as governance economist, Oliver
Williamson says, large-scale
enterprises operating at economies of
scale will be the most effective engines
for driving significant growth &
development in the countryside,
wouldn't reliance on the foreign
capital needed for such large
enterprises make the country
vulnerable to the whims of foreign
investors?
With 90 million Filipinos in 1,500 cities
& municipalities, 212 congressional
districts & 81 provinces across an
archipelago of disparate, distant
islands, how do you intend to rely on
ICT to prosper this nation when the
current penetration rate of the
Internet is just a little more than 2%?
Wouldn't it cost too much to build the
necessary ICT infrastructure?
MAR ROXAS
The very requirement that a business
project generate significant positive
social impact on the local community
itself virtually insures us against the
entry of whimsical foreign investors.
Furthermore, before they are allowed
in they will have to be screened &
accepted by the MDCCs.
We will also consider private-
public joint ventures using one of our
government-owned-and-controlled
corporations (GOCCs) to make the
investment stable. We will also
require such investments to be big &
worthwhile enough to provide
exportable volumes to the Middle
East & China markets.
We will radically alter the way
government uses ICT. Primarily
because application programs, ICT
hardware & systems tend to become
obsolete within months, it makes no
sense for agencies to buy, own,
operate & maintain them. Can you
imagine how costly it is for each
agency to buy the same software &
licenses, own their own data centers
& compete for scarce & expensive ICT
talents?
Why buy when we can pass the
burden of ownership to the private
sector. The US started this practice in
the 1980s during Reagan's
administration. Except for
transactions that are not extremely
sensitive, government stands to save
a lot in costs by outsourcing, rather
than buying the system to deliver,
ICT-based services including cash
reconciliation, accountability tracking,
accounting, etc. Operational costs
will surely be lower on top of the
zero capital expenditure.
Government pays per transaction
just as it does for banking services.
 ISSUES
7.
CLIMATE CHANGE HAS BECOME A
GLOBAL PRIORITY CONCERN. IF THE
PHILIPPINES CONTRIBUTES ONLY
0.27% OF THE CURRENT GLOBAL
CARBON EMISSIONS WHILE 17
OTHER COUNTRIES LED BY THE US
COLLECTIVELY PRODUCE MORE
THAN 80% OF THE GREENHOUSE
GASES THAT CAUSE CLIMATE
CHANGE, WHY SHOULD WE WORRY
ABOUT REDUCING OUR CARBON
EMISSION?
8.
RENEWABLE ENERGY
BENIGNO AQUINO III
Being in the typhoon belt the
Philippines is one of the most
vulnerable countries to climate
change in the world. We have a
coastal length that exceeds even the
US’ coastal line in kilometers. A small
rise in ocean levels will have
devastating consequences on us.
I want to make the Philippines a
net “carbon sink” through an
aggressive program to promote the
production & use of renewable
energy, sustainable reforestration
not only on mountain slopes but
also of mangroves along the coastal
areas, replenishment of coral reefs,
drastic reduction of use of the most
carbon-intensive producing
technologies such as those that rely
on fossil fuels and coal, reduction of
reliance on chemical use especially
in agriculture & replacing the latter
with organic inputs to better protect
our water supply & environment.
Bio-fuels will not only produce less
greenhouse gases than fossil fuel
but the massive plantations all over
the country will increase the
country’s greenhouse gas absorptive
capacity. My jobs generation
program will focus on stimulating
massive agro-industrial operations in
the countryside. Bio-fuel production
will be a major component of this.
For the massive crop residues
such as rice straw, cane tops & other
agricultural waste, I will deploy
strategic biomass power plants to
supply energy needs of local
communities. In the urban areas I
will solve the garbage problem using
digesters to convert garbage into
biogas & where appropriate I will use
such as plasma technology to
convert massive volumes of trash
safely into electric power to help
solve the perennial urban garbage
dumpsite shortages.
Finally, given that we are right on
the equator where the sun burns
longest, solar energy will be a
priority of mine. I will also explore
the use of wind and sea current
power where they are ideal.
STEVE LEGASTO
Climate change is not a new issue. Back
in the late 1970s, I was working with a
group led by Jay W. Forrester at the
Massachusetts Institute of
Technology’s Sloan School of
Management in Boston that did
computer simulation studies that
predicted that this climate change
threat would occur within 100 years.
These predictions earned them the
label “prophets of doom”.
A mere 30 years later, climate
change has become real & has already
began precipitating unprecendented
calamities all over the world. What will
you do about climate change?
Many experts expect fossil oil prices to
bust through the $200 mark in a few
years once the global economy starts
to heat up. That will have a
catastrophic impact on us. What are
your plans to reduce our dependency
on Middle East oil?
What are your renewable energy
plans and how would these impact on
the country’s development?
MAR ROXAS
Most everyone else is focused on
demanding that rich nations fund
climate-change mitigation &
adaptation (M & A) programs. We
need to focus on our own ‘M & A’
programs to make the Philippines a
net carbon “sink” or absorber.
Here, the administration is wrong
in focusing more on the effects of
calamities rather than the causes. The
Climate Change Act of 2009 (R.A.
9729) is too focused on emergency
preparedness, rescue & relief
operations, rather than on the more
important pro-active measures that
should be taken to reduce our
carbon emission & increase our
capacity to absorb carbon. Our new
administration will focus on reducing
our dependency on fossil oil by
replacing it with more bio-fuel, solar,
steam, hydroelectric, wind & other
renewable sources of energy.
We will do massive planting also
to mitigate floods & landslides.
In Cairo, Egypt where 18 million live,
they have begun transforming organic
waste into alternative energy to deal
with the garbage problem & their
large carbon footprint. To heat their
water they are relying on solar
energy. The solar panels allow a
family of 10 to save around 30
Egyptian pounds (P250) a month,
and biogas trims a further 10 pounds
(P85) monthly.
We will embark on massive
biomass power projects. One project
can contribute about P200 million in
the first year of operation and up to
P9 billion over 25 years per 17.5 MW
plant to a local ‘host’ farming
community. Aside from providing
energy the project will deliver social
integration & development through
the provision of jobs, economic
opportunity & socio-economic
development. An estimated 900 jobs
will be generated for every 17.5 MW
project. The project will also deliver
climate change mitigation through
the disposal of the agricultural waste
residues that are currently left in the
field to rot.
 ISSUES BENIGNO AQUINO III
Isn’t it shameful that we are the
largest rice importer in the world
while hosting the premier rice
research institute in the world, IRRI? I
will embark on massive agro-
industrial production of key food
commodities especially rice & other
agri-products not just to attain food
9. security but also to make the
FOOD SECURITY country a major food exporter to the
Middle East, China & India.
The top developed countries were
all originally founded on an
agribusiness backbone. Most of the
new millionaires over the last 5 years
alone in an emergent China are
agribusinessmen.
I want to spur the mobilization of
countryside communities like the
ARCs or Agrarian Reform
Communities into interlocking large-
scale business enterprises similar to
“keiretsus” of Japan & “chaebols” of
Korea but with strong emphasis on
the social benefits they bring to the
people. Without the scale, we cannot
achieve food security for Filipinos &,
much less likely, become a major
food exporter.
STEVE LEGASTO
With so much available land in the
countryside, why is there food
insecurity in the Philippines?
With a population of about 1.4
billion and 25% less time to plant
crops why is China’s food security
status much more stable than ours?
MAR ROXAS
We will complement large-scale agro-
production with medium- to small-
scale food production. We will
promote such programs as ‘FAITH’ or
‘Food Always in the House’ so that
any family with a suitable backyard
will be encouraged to raise the most
basic vegetables & livestock to
supplement their daily household
requirements.
To help combat global warming
trends further we will encourage
diversification of production from
traditional crops like rice & corn to
incorporate a wide variety of
vegetables such as peas, spinach,
tomatoes, onions & potatoes.
Increasingly, intense rain means
more flooding. We will then focus on
more flood-tolerant rice &
encourage farmers to use "multi-tier
cropping" where vegetables like
‘patola’ are grown on raised
platforms supported by a bamboo
frame. Once the water-logged soil
drains, farmers can plant ground
crops under the platforms like
vegetables & herbs.
 ISSUES BENIGNO AQUINO III
We will immediately address these
most critical factors constraining our
agricultural growth through heavy
use of ICT, particularly the Internet >
(1) poor access to credit, (2) poor
irrigation, (3) trading & supply-chain
systems that greatly favour
10. middlemen at the expense of the
AGRICULTURE undercapitalized producers,
production, marketing &
distribution inefficiences.
We in Congress have started
amending the Agri-Agra law to make
it work better for our 12 million
farmers & fisherfolks. We want to
plug the loopholes that allow banks
to use the allocated funds in
investments with no connection
whatsoever to agri-agra credits.
We do need a Land Bank that is
more responsive to those who need
credit the most & more effective in
building the linkages between the
deposit sources in the urban areas
to the credit users in rural areas. In
our administration we will make
sure that our national institutions,
especially Land Bank, fulfill their
mandates more successfully,
particularly with respect to PD 717
& R.A. 8435, the Agriculture &
Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA).
STEVE LEGASTO
The Agri-Agra Law (PD 717) has been
in existence for 24 years. Today, it is
supposed to be supplying credit to at
least 12 million farmers & fisherfolks.
In 2008, the total credit demand for
agriculture amounted to P206 billion.
Of this amount, only less than one-
fourth, was supplied by the banks &
other institutions in the country's
financial sector. Banks have been
under-complying with the Agri-Agra
credit requirements mandated by law.
What is needed is a network of
linkages that will connect the source of
deposits in the urban areas to the
users of credit in rural areas. Isn’t it in
Land Bank’s mandate to build that
network of linkages?
MAR ROXAS
Irrigation is a key determinant of
agricultural productivity. Despite the
billions of funding provided under
the AFMA law, the Philippines has
been deficient in upgrading the
number of hectarage covered by
national irrigation systems.
Poor transportation systems, the
lack of power & cold storage
facilities have also greatly stymied
efficiency & productivity where
agriproducts get delayed being taken
to &/or being processed at post-
harvest facilities &/or being delivered
fresh to their market destinations. As
a result, costs go up for consumers &
losses pile up for the farmers
resulting in fewer farmers planting
crops & vegetables.
Our administration will invest
heavily in mass transportation,
especially railways & RO-ROs,
communication systems, power &
cold storage facilities where critical,
irrigation, training & practical agri-
education.
 ISSUES BENIGNO AQUINO III
I voted against the 2009 budget
measure precisely because of all the
loopholes in our financial system that
is prone to anomalies. My study
shows that:
(1) Of the 10,000 or so govt bank
accounts & the 10 million
checks actually issued last year
11. only about 5,000 govt bank
GRAFT & CORRUPTION accounts are on our official
records with checks issued
numbering about 4 million;
(2) The persistence of tax
diversion & evasion cases >
e.g., the P203-million Land
Bank-Binangonan tax diversion
caseinvolving fraudulent
accounts that a syndicate used
to divert the tax money;
(3) Farm-to-market roads
constructed in areas with no
farms with some built near
beach resorts;
(4) Circuitous & unnecessary
transfers of funds, e.g., the DA
still transferred a total of
almost P2 billion to the
National Agribusiness Corp. in
2008 before the funds’
distribution to regional offices;
(5) Agency & LGU finance officers
collectively hoard tens of
billions of pesos in any given
year in collusion with bank
managers, etc.
The greatest part of the annual
budget deficit is due to the porosity
of our financial system. If elected, my
first act will be to establish an ICT-
based comprehensive financial &
management information system
(IFMIS). Can you imagine how a CEO
could do his job effectively if he
receives financial & management
reports months after he needs them,
or if he gets them at all? I need these
reports daily, if possible, & on a
timely basis so I can exercise
effective “command-and-control”
over the fiscal affairs of this
government? We will track every
peso collected & spent to make sure
each is precisely accounted for &
used most effectively towards our
MTPDP Goals & Objectives.
Once the IFMIS is in place we can
then implement such practices as
STEVE LEGASTO
The World Bank et al. estimate the
rate of corruption in government at
20%-40% of the government’s cash
flow. That will amount to at least P400
billion under the 2010 GAA Budget,
after netting our public debt & interest
cost payments. They say that the
public financial system is riddled with
loopholes & deficiencies.
Government has no system for
tracking how funds are disbursed on a
per transaction basis.
Its revenue collection system is still
very porous. How can it continue to
depend on the revenue collection
reports of its authorized agent banks
(AABs) when it does not have the
personnel nor the system to
thoroughly double-check if these AABs
disclose ALL their collections or
comply with their authorized ‘float-
day limits’?
How would you effectively manage
a country when you are not even sure
how much cash you have exactly on
any given day? How can you steer the
country towards your desired goals &
targets when you have no system for
tracking the impact of each public
peso spent on programs, activities &
projects in pursuit of the
administration’s Medium-Term
Philippine Development Plan? Will
you adopt such practices as the
“Balanced Score Card”(BSC) & “Six
Sigma” (6σ) to ensure peak
performance from all your agencies,
especially your Cabinet members?
MAR ROXAS
In budget hearings year after year,
we have been appalled at the
inability, or even apathy, of
government executives to fix their
finances to deter anomalies or to
raise their performance levels, e.g.:
(1) The liquid fertilizer scam;
(2) Rampant overpricing of DPWH
projects;
(3) The 18% conviction rate of the
Department of Justice’s
prosecution service as against
Japan’s 99.8%;
(4) The perennial textbook error
issue involving DepEd &
publishing houses;
(5) Of the dozens of non-
performing schools, CHED has
managed to close just 1;
(6) It is still possible for a BIR RDO
director to open a revenue
collection account with a
colluding bank branch manager
with him as the sole signatory.
Such cases are only discovered
through whistleblowers;
(7) If a bank decides not to report a
tax payment, the current system
is unlikely to be able to detect
this.
During budget hearings, the
departments & their attached
agencies have not even tried to
convince us that they would embark
on a program to correct these
problems. In defense of the various
agencies’ budgets, the overwhelming
attitude seemed to be a lack of
desire to address the situation, if not
an active effort to allow it to
continue.
With its manpower & resources,
COA can only audit a small
percentage of agency transactions.
Agency & LGU financial statements
are not submitted until long after the
fiscal year is over.
We will immediately install an
IFMIS to give us the needed
oversight capabilities over all
agencies, LGUs, SUCs & GOCCs. The
IFMIS will provide us detailed &
timely information on revenue
collections & funds disbursement by
tracking each & every government
transaction. We will track how funds
usage impact on agency performance
 the BSC & 6σ. so we can better calibrate our
strategies.

ISSUES BENIGNO AQUINO III STEVE LEGASTO MAR ROXAS

In accordance with state-of-the-art How would you use the principles I intend to be a very pro-active vice-
“governance economics”, I believe learned from the 2009 Nobel Prize president &, given the chance, to act
that government cannot go it alone winning “governance economists” in as the chief operating officer (COO)
to prosper this nation for the benefit your administration? on whom corporate CEOs depend to
of all sectors. I will forge the execute the company’s vision,
12. necessary alliances with: mission, goals & objectives.
STRATEGIC GOVERNANCE (1) Faith-based institutions who With my expertise on technology
will not only buttress my & systems, I intend to fully exploit
values transformation thrust the latest technologies, most
but also help to mobilize the especially from the information &
participation of local communication field, to maximize
communities in our the benefits that we can squeeze out
development efforts; of every peso in the government
(2) Academia to provide the budget. Using the Internet we can
technical expertise, feasibility effectively launch a full scale effort
studies & raise the country’s R to develop the country even to the
& D capabilities; remotest corners of the countryside
(3) NGOs to boost the quality & & the under-served urban
our capacity to do the needed communities.
training under new projects &
programs as well as to help
bring benefits deeper into
grassroots communities for
more equitable sharing;
(4) Professionals, especially the
retired, to provide the lifelong-
acquired expertise in
accounting, marketing,
production, human resource &
other management discipline;
(5) Successful entrepreneurs &
businessmen to provide
valuable insights on how to do
business;
Civil society groups, most especially
the youth, to provide the public
support, energy & creativity that will
be needed in our programs to
prosper this nation in accordance
with the principles of genuine
justice, peace, security & happiness.

1
The book’s website is www.prosperitywithdignity.org. Dr. Legasto got his Ph.D. & M.Phil. in Management Science from Columbia University School of Business,
M.A. in Administrative Science from Yale University & A.B. in Mathematics from Ateneo de Manila University. His email address is alegastojr@gmail.com.