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 fruity odor

diabetes ketoacidosis gastrojejunucolic fistula

diabetes mellitus ketone bodies

diabetes ketoacidosis

Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)

hyperglycemia, high anion gap acidosis

ketonemia, ketonuria DM type

2 () DKA DM type 1

DM type 1 beta cells (

autoimmune) insulin
DM type 1

insulin DKA insulin

insulin counter-regulatory

hormones glucagon, cortisol, growth hormone, epinephrine

hyperglycemia DKA

gluconeogenesis

glycogenolysis

(lipolysis)

insulin

free fatty acids

ketogenesis

ketone bodies acetone,

beta-hydroxybutyrate, acetoacetate

acetone

ketosis

http://share.psu.ac.th/system/assets/m

edia/files/000/031/232/large_acetone.png?1320851251

ketone bodies

(ketonemia)

(acidosis) serum bicarbonate

ketone

(ketonuria)

metabolic acidosis (
ketoacidosis acidosis ketone)

blood gas blood pH serum bicarbonate

Kussmaul respiration CO2

(respiratory compensation) beta-hydroxybutyrate

fluid

electrolytes acetone

ketosis fruity breath odor



1. http://www.rightdiagnosis.com/sym/breath_with_fruity_odor.h

tm
2. http://virtuallabs.stanford.edu/diabetes/DKA.pdf
3. http://allied.tu.ac.th/MedicalTechnology/Documents/Articles/

Articles_mt_gen_TienchaiC_2555_05_02.pdf
4. Lipid Metabolism - . (2014)