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National Qualifications

Framework of Pakistan 2015

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Table
Table
Table
Table of
ofof ofContents
Contents
Contents
Contents
Introduction 2
National Qualications Framework of Higher Education 3
Objectives of the National Qualications Framework 3
Terminology 4

Levels and Programme Titles 6


Key Student Learning Outcomes of Level 5 8
Key Student Learning Outcomes of Level 6 9
Key Student Learning Outcomes of Level 7 10
Key Student Learning Outcomes of Level 8 11

NQF Qualication Titles 12


Criteria for the Use of Titles/Nomenclature for the Degree 12
Names and Abbreviation of Degrees being used by HEIs/DAIs 12
Nomenclature and Abbreviations of Qualications oered in Pakistan 13

Degree Issuance Policy 14

Description of Higher Education Qualications 15


Associate Degree 15
2-year Bachelor (Pass) Degree 16
3-yearBachelor (Honours) 18

Degree 19
Professional Bachelor Degree (4-5 years Professional degree) 19
Bachelor Degree (4 years Bachelor Degree) 20
Masters Degree (1-2 years MA/M.Sc.) 21
Masters Degree 22
Doctoral (PhD) Degree 23
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Introduction: 2. Adoption of a system of two main cycles


(Undergraduate/Graduate)
The Bologna Process (1999-2010) developed and
implemented an overarching structure to serve as a catalyst 3. Establish a system of credits transfer (ECTS)
for Higher Educational Reforms in Europe. The process since 4. Promote mobility by overcoming legal recognition and
has been adopted by almost 100 countries in the world to administrative obstacles
reform their systems of higher education based on
commonly agreed standards. Many countries have 5. Promote cooperation in quality assurance."
developed National Qualications Frameworks to cover the Subsequently the 2010 Prague Declaration of the European
full spectrum of education including Basic Education, Ministers of Education added the goal of mutual recognition
Secondary Education, Technical and Vocational Education of undergraduate and graduate degrees oered by
and Tertiary Education including the under graduate and recognized universities. It also called for promoting quality of
graduate levels of higher education. instruction at all levels of higher education, and developing
Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan started and implementing a system of comparing qualications
developing a Qualications Framework for Higher Education among various countries.
in 2009 and took the necessary steps to develop the tools for Higher Education Commission of Pakistan has used the
implementing the framework on a nationwide basis covering Bologna Principles to bring about qualitative reforms in
all the HEC chartered public and private institutions of higher higher education and is consistently striving to implement
education in the country. The tools included development the National Qualications Framework. This new revised
and implementation of semester system, National version of the Framework is designed to further sustain the
Curriculum Review Committees consisting of Disciplines qualitative improvement of programmes of higher education
experts for curriculum development and renement to qualications oered in the country. While moving towards
ensure its rigour and relevance, assessment and grading universally recognized undergraduate degree programmes of
policies, policies related to admission, retention, graduation eight semesters, 124-140 credit hours, and the revised
of students from undergraduate and graduate programmes framework has incorporated four semesters, 68 credit hours
and a comprehensive list of chartered universities and associate degree programmes those open the doors to initial
graduate degree colleges. These were included in the level employment and further study to complete the 4 year
Register of National Qualications Framework. These twin degree programme. The revised framework has outlined the
documents have been widely shared with all stakeholders in admission, retention and graduation requirements for
printed form as well as on HEC website. graduate programmes including signicant applied and
National Qualications Framework provides clearly dened abstract research component connecting universities to
levels of Knowledge, Skills and Competencies to be acquired become engines of social, economic and human resource
by each graduate that are easy to comprehend by students, development to create a world class critical mass of
employers and human resource development policy makers. specialists in natural, social and applied sciences, and
Bologna initiative resulted in major reforms of higher professions to create an economically progressive and
education in many countries and more countries are tolerant society.
voluntarily using the process to promote inter and The following pages describe the National Qualications
intra-country mobility of students and credit hours, Framework for Higher Education in Pakistan and policies
promotion of collaborative research and relatively uniform related to its implementation. The NQF is augmented by a
standards and learning outcomes. In 2014, over 100 register that lists all the chartered Higher Education degree
countries have developed their National Qualications awarding institutions and programmes oered by them. The
Frameworks for Higher Education. register has included in it detailed HEC approved policy on
The main objectives of the 1999 Bologna Declaration implementing semester-based assessment of learning
included, outcomes and grading to ensure uniform standards of quality
of qualications oered by all chartered universities and
1. "Adoption of a system of easily readable and post-graduate degree colleges.
comparable degrees

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

National Qualications Framework of Higher the one hand these scholars and their schools set the stage
for renaissance to take Europe out of its age of darkness but
Education in Pakistan: also spread enlightenment through producing scholarly
the higher education system of Pakistan is heir to a diverse empowerment in the emerging institutions of higher
set of sources and traditions. The prevailing system has education.
drawn its structure from the British tradition of higher
In 2002, a bold restructuring of higher education was done in
education as it was emerging in the late 19th century. Its
Pakistan. A national Commission of Higher Education was
oldest seat of higher learning, Punjab University, Lahore was
established with a clear mission to facilitate institutions of
modeled after the then existing University of London where
higher learning to serve as engine of socio-economic
instruction was actually provided in its constituent and
development of Pakistan. The Core Strategic Aims of the
aliated colleges and the University served as the examining
Commission were to increase equitable access to quality
body for students from its aliated colleges as well as for
higher education to create a critical mass of creative,
those who prepared on their own for the examinations
constructive and committed scholars to undertake
according to the curricula set for each level and discipline of
innovative research to build knowledge-based economy
knowledge by the university.
without which the critical national problems cannot be
These students were called external or private students solved. Through the strenuous eorts of the Commission the
whose only resource to prepare for the University number of Universities in Pakistan has multiplied. Quality
examination were the prescribed textbooks and the assurance has been given a high priority, systems of
university catalogue prescribing the courses and their accountability and accreditation have been instituted and
outlines. The qualications oered were mostly at the huge investments in technology embedded scholarly
undergraduate, Level 5, and Masters, Level 6. The system of research have been made.
collegiate instruction and university examinations resulted in
The NQF along with a policy manual of semester-based
qualications that called for traditional methods of teaching
assessment of students and a register of institutions oering
and learning emphasizing dissemination of existing and
various qualications has been developed to build on the
limited range of disciplines of knowledge with little reliance
heritage of higher education.
on discovery of knowledge through creative and innovative
research that could solve the critical problems facing the The NQF is considered as a mechanism for classication of
society. Very limited attention was paid to Levels 7 and 8 thus the qualications on the basis of the learning outcomes i.e.
a small number of scholars dared to devote their eorts to knowledge, skill and competence. It is level-based and
original research leading to discovery of new, utilitarian outcomes focused. It sets out the levels on which a
knowledge and skills impacting society. qualication can be recognized in Pakistan. The NQF
encompasses a comprehensive list of all quality assured
Pakistani higher education is also heir to a scholarly system
qualications in Pakistan. Each accredited qualication
that was established over a 500 years period, symbolized by
oered in Pakistan has been assigned a level. It consists of
"Darul Hikma (House of Wisdom)" and Madrassa Nizamia
Entry Level 1 to Level 8, describing the diculty of
(8th-15th century) at Baghdad. Darul Hikma produced
qualications at each level. The National Qualications
reective scholars who rediscovered Greek Literature,
Register is also a part of NQF which provides all the
Philosophy and lost ancient texts. They based their
information regarding the accredited higher education
scholarships on four cardinal questions: (i). Afala
qualications and institutions recognized by the Higher
Yatafakarun, Why dont you reect? Cultivation of reection
Education Commission of Pakistan as degree granting
was necessary to convert knowledge into wisdom. (ii). Afala
institution.
Ta'qelun; Why dont you use reason and rational logic? The
basic premise of this question was that human reason as a Objectives of the NQF
tool for learning and problem solving must be cultivated to
go beyond the known to discover the unknown. (iii). The next The NQF has been structured to:
question posed for scholars was Afala Ta'lamun, Why dont Help learners to make informed decisions about the
you seek knowledge? The pursuit of knowledge demands qualication required
lifelong search for perfection through intuition, pragmatic
problem solving and constant critical reconstruction based Help the employers to assess what qualication a
on intense scholarly experiences. (iv). The fourth challenging candidate has achieved
question for the Muslim scholars was Afala Ta'malun, why Help in establishing the national standards of
dont you act morally, righteously and ethically discover and qualications
use new and old knowledge to create a progressive society.
These four fundamental questions launched a series of Provide a basis for comparison of qualications at
schools of thought and action that produced scholars like national as well as international level
Avicenna, Ibn e Rushad, Al Gibran, Al Ghazali, Ibn e Khaldun Help in international recognition of academic
to name a few, who explored new horizons of knowledge. On qualications

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Facilitate the trans-national mobility of graduates and h. Recognition of Prior Learning is the process of
learners recognizing previous learning, often experiential,
towards gaining a qualication,
Be used as an instrument for qualitative reforms in
education system i. Skills mean the ability to apply knowledge and use
know-how to complete tasks and solve problems
Help promote the linkages between industry and
critically, creatively and constructively,
education system
j. 'Trainer means someone who trains, instructs, teaches,
Terminology or otherwise enables the learner (s) to acquire the
a. Credit is a uniformly recognized measure of time and appropriate knowledge and skills,
eort expended to acquire information, skills, k. "Training provider, Institute and Institution refers
competencies and recognition that a learner has to any accredited organization providing knowledge and
successfully completed prior course of learning, skills to learner,
corresponding to the qualication at given level,
Activity Sheet for Curriculum Framework
b. Competence means the demonstrated ability to
acquire and use knowledge, skills, competencies and Elements
personal, social and/or methodological abilities, in work A curriculum framework is an organized plan or set of
or study situations and in professional and personal standards or learning outcomes that denes the
development. In the context of the European content to be learned in terms of clear, denable
Qualications Framework, competence is described in standards of what the student should know and be able
terms of responsibility and autonomy at the level of the to do at the time of graduation. A curriculum framework
qualication, is part of an outcome-based education or standards
c. Field-Specic Competence means ability to use based education reform design.
discipline-specic information, processes and tools of It is a document (or set of documents) that sets
knowledge and practice, standards for curriculum and provides the context
d. Knowledge means the outcome of the acquisition, (available resources, capabilities of teachers and system
assimilation, comprehension and application of support) in which subject specialists develop syllabi
information through learning activities. Knowledge is A curriculum framework describes the educational
the body of concepts, facts, principles, theories and environment in which syllabi (or subject specic
practices that is related to a eld of work or study. outlines of objectives, outcomes, content and
Knowledge is described as theoretical, factual and appropriate assessment and teaching methodologies)
practical, can be developed.
e. Learner refers to an individual undergoing skill Each individual system/discipline of knowledge can
development training, whether in a formal or informal maintain the identity of its own curriculum while
setting, ensuring consistency and quality through compliance
f. Learning Outcomes means what a learner knows, with a set of agreed standards expressed in the
understands and is able to do on completion of a framework
learning process, which are dened in terms of A curriculum framework commonly contains the
knowledge, skills and competence, elements described in the Table below. However, one of
g. National Qualications Framework means a national the advantages of a framework approach is exibility
instrument for the classication of qualications and elements can be added to or deleted from the
according to a set of criteria for specied levels of framework structure to suit the needs of the education
learning achieved. It aims to integrate and coordinate system or systems developing it.
national qualications subsystems and improves the
transparency, access, progression and quality of
qualications in relation to the labour market and civil
society,

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Table: 1 Common Elements of Curriculum Frameworks.

Elements Function or Purpose

1. Introduction: Current Context Describes the social and economic environment in which education policy is made
and in which teaching and learning take place

2. Educational Policy Statement Describes the Governments goals for education, such as universal literacy and
numeracy, the development of skills needed for economic prosperity and the
creation of a stable, tolerant and democratic society

3. Statement of Broad Learning Describes what students should know and be able to do when
Objectives and Outcomes they complete their school education. Outcomes should be
/ standards for each level/cycle expressed in a range of domains, including knowledge,
understanding, skills and competencies, values and attitudes

4. Structure of the Education Describes the school system within which the curriculum framework is to be
System applied. It should specify:
Number of years of schooling, including compulsory schooling
Stages (or cycles) of schooling and their durations
Number of weeks in the school years, hours or teaching periods in the
school week

5. Structure of curriculum Describes the organization of content within the framework and
content, learning areas and the extent to which schools and students can make choices. It might describe:
subjects
The pattern of subjects or learning areas to be studied in each stage or
cycle (such as core, elective and optional subjects)
A brief description of each subject or learning area outlining the rationale
for its inclusion in the curriculum and the contribution it makes to the
achievement of the learning outcomes dened in Section 3
The number of hours to be assigned to each subject or learning area in
each stage or cycle

6. Standards of resources Describes standards as they apply to:


required for implementation
Teachers qualications, teaching load (number of classes per week)
Students number per class in each subject
Materials textbooks, computers and connectivity, other equipment;
facilities classrooms, laboratories, libraries furniture, ttings.

7. Teaching methodology Describes the range of teaching strategies, approaches that might be employed in
the implementation of the framework and achievements of learning outcomes
through interactive and recursive strategies.

8. Assessing student Describes the importance of assessing the extent to which


achievement students achieve the outcomes established for each subject, and recommends or

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Levels and Programme Titles The NQF has eight levels that are based on the generic
nomenclature used for the qualications in the country. A
The Framework for Higher Education Qualications of qualication must be assigned to one of the eight levels. The
Pakistan is developed and published by Higher Education Framework does not describe qualications at the same level
Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. It describes the levels of as being equal and qualications at the same level are not
achievements and features of higher education interchangeable, however, they are at a comparable level in
qualications. It covers academic qualications from Level 5 terms of knowledge, skills or competence required to be
to Level 8. demonstrably completed.

Table: 2 Programmes by Levels and Credit Hours Requirements (New System)

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Table: 3 Qualications by Number of Year/s (Old System)

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

National Qualications Framework for Higher Education in Pakistan


Key Student Learning Outcomes of Level 5*
1. KNOWLEDGE 2. SKILLS 3. COMPETENCIES
Competence to
-Theoretical -Cognitive Work Communication Field
Learning
-Conceptual -Practical Independently and Social Specic
Competence
and Take Competence Competence
Responsibility
Possess theoretical and practical Gain the skills Conduct studies at Evaluate the Transfer the ideas Possess social,
knowledge supported by textbooks with to use basic basic level within acquired based on the scientic,
updated information, practice, equipment level the eld knowledge and basic knowledge cultural and
and other resource on basic level based on theoretical and independently. skills at basic and skills ethical values
qualications gained at secondary practical Take responsibility level within the acquired within on the stages
education level. knowledge as a team member eld with a the eld through of gathering,
Functional knowledge of Urdu and English. acquired within in order to solve critical written and oral implementati
Reective thinking the eld in the unexpected approach, communications on and release
same eld of a complex problems determine and in Urdu and of the results
Social context of knowledge.
higher faced in the respond to English. of data
education level applications within learning needs. Share the ideas related to the
or in a eld of the eld. Direct the and solutions to eld.
same level. Conduct activities education problems about Possess
Interpret and towards the received to a issues within the sucient
evaluate data, development of higher eld with consciousness
dene subordinates education level professionals and of universality
problems, do within a project. in the same non- of human
analysis, Work eld or to an professionals. rights, social
produce collaboratively in occupation in Monitor the justice,
solutions based teams. the same level. evolving equality,
on proof with Gain awareness developments in cultural values
Use knowledge
using basic of lifelong the eld and and also,
and skills to solve
level learning. communicate environmental
practical problems
knowledge and Demonstrate with peers by protection,
as a technician and
practices use of skills using a local worker's
a supervisor.
gained within acquired for language. health and
the eld. occupational Use informatics security.
Problem solving success. and Demonstrated
skills through communication academic
application of technologies with integrity.
knowledge. at least a Honesty in
minimum level of occupational
Computer practice
Application for
data processing
and Basic Level
software usage
knowledge.

* Adapted from National Qualications Framework for Higher Education in Turkey.


Note: Admission requirement for Associate Degree is completion of SSC/Matriculation/ F.A/F.Sc/A-Levels examination with more than
50% (Second division)

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

National Qualications Framework for Higher Education in Pakistan


Key Student Learning Outcomes of Level 6*
1. KNOWLEDGE 2. SKILLS 3. COMPETENCES
Competence to
Work Communication
-Theoretical -Cognitive Learning Field Specic
Independently and Social
-Conceptual -Practical Competence Competence
and Take Competence
Responsibility

Possess higher level theoretical and Use of advanced Conduct studies Evaluate the Inform people and Act in accordance
practical knowledge supported by theoretical and at an advanced knowledge institutions, transfer with social,
textbooks with updated information, practical level in the eld and skills ideas and solution scientic, cultural
practice equipment and other knowledge within independently. acquired at an proposals to and ethical values
resources. the eld. Take advanced problems in written on the stages of
Complete a required core of General Interpret and responsibility level in the and orally on issues gathering,
Education Courses. evaluate data, both as a team eld with a in the eld. implementation
Bilingual prociency in Urdu and dene and analyze member and critical Share the ideas and and release of the
English. problems, develop individually in approach. solution proposals results of data
solutions based on order to solve Determine to problems on related to the
Logical persuasive critical expression.
research and unexpected learning needs issues in the eld eld.
Reective thinking to solve problems
proofs by using complex and direct the with professionals Possess sucient
acquired advanced problems faced learning. and non- consciousness
knowledge and within the Develop professionals by the about the issues
skills within the implementations positive support of of universality of
eld. in the eld. attitude qualitative and human rights,
Problem solving Planning and towards quantitative data. social justice,
skills through managing lifelong Organize and equality, cultural
application of activities learning. implement project values in a
knowledge towards the Demonstrated and activities for diverse world and
acquired. development of use of Urdu social environment also,
Writing report of subordinates in and English for with a sense of environmental
innovative the framework professional social responsibility. protection,
research activities of a project. communicatio Monitor the worker's health
Work ns. developments in and security.
collaboratively Ecient use the eld and Demonstrate
in teams. of scholarly communicate with academic
Interactive and practical peers by using both integrity in all
problem solving tools Urdu and English academic and
Appreciate Use informatics and practical
diverse opinions communication activities.
technologies with at
least a minimum
level of European
Computer Usage
Advanced Level
software
knowledge.

* Adapted from National Qualications Framework for Higher Education in Turkey.


Note: Admission will be granted on merit to those who have completed secondary school certicate examination or A level examination
and fulll the eligibility criteria set by the higher education institutions.

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

National Qualications Framework for Higher Education in Pakistan


Key Student Learning Outcomes of Level 7*

1. KNOWLEDGE 2. SKILLS COMPETENCES


Competence to
Work Communication
-Theoretical -Cognitive Learning Field Specic
Independently and and Social
-Conceptual -Practical Competence Competence
Take Competence
Responsibility

Develop and deepen knowledge in Use of theoretical Independently Evaluate Communicate Audit the data
the same or in a dierent eld to and practical conduct studies that knowledge and current gathering,
the prociency level based on knowledge within require prociency skills acquired developments and interpretation,
Bachelor level qualications. the eld at a high in the eld. at prociency studies within the implementation and
Conceive the interdisciplinary prociency level. Take responsibility level in the eld to both announcement
interaction which the eld is Interpret the and develop new eld with a professional and stages by taking into
related with. knowledge about strategic solutions critical non-professional consideration the
Advanced knowledge of research the eld by as a team member approach and groups cultural, scientic,
in the chosen eld. integrating the in order to solve direct the systematically and ethical values
information unexpected learning. using written, oral and teach these
Recent development in ones
gathered from complex problems Ethical use of and visual values.
related eld of study.
dierent disciplines faced within the knowledge techniques by Develop strategy,
Cognitive, creative, constructive
and formulate new applications in the created by supporting with policy and
skills for research and reporting
knowledge. eld. others. quantitative and implementation
results.
Solve the problem Demonstrate Fidelity of data qualitative data. plans on the issues
Utilitarian applied research to
faced related to the leadership in gathering and Investigate, related to the eld
solve socio-economic problems
eld by using contexts that its use in improve social and assess the
research methods require solving technical connections and ndings within the
and tools. problems related to reports their conducting frame of quality
Critical ability to the eld. Complete and norms with a processes.
analyze and Apply methods and report an critical view and Use the knowledge,
synthesize technical tools of inquiry to innovative act to change problem solving
knowledge and advance useful research them when and/or
apply it to solve knowledge project to necessary. implementation
complex problems. impacting socio- positively Communicate skills in
economic growth. impact society with peers by interdisciplinary
Present using a foreign studies.
reports of the language Be familiar with
research prociently. professional codes
activities to Use advanced of conduct and
peers and informatics and adhere to them for
other senior communication academic integrity.
scholars technology skills
with software
knowledge
required by the
eld.

* Adapted from National Qualications Framework for Higher Education in Turkey.


Note: Admission will be granted on merit to those who have completed Bachelors Degree Programme, and full the eligibility criteria
established by higher education institutions.

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

National Qualications Framework for Higher Education in Pakistan


Key Student Learning Outcomes of Level 8*

1. KNOWLEDGE 2. SKILLS COMPETENCES


Competence to
Work Communication
-Theoretical -Cognitive Learning Field Specic
Independently and and Social
-Conceptual -Practical Competence Competence
Take Competence
Responsibility

Develop and deepen the current and Evaluate and Contribute to the Develop new Investigate and Contribute to the
advanced knowledge in the eld use new progression in the ideas and improve social transition of the
with original thought and/or information eld by producing methods in the connections and community to an
research and come up with within the eld an innovative idea, eld by using their conducting information society
innovative denitions based on in a systematic skill, design and/or high level mental norms and and its
Master's degree qualications. approach. practice or by processes such manage the sustainability
Conceive the interdisciplinary Develop an adapting an already as creative and actions to change process by
interaction which the eld is related innovative known idea, skill, critical thinking, them when introducing
with; come up with original knowledge, design, and/or problem solving necessary. scientic,
solutions by using knowledge method, design practice to a and decision Defend original technological,
requiring prociency on analysis, and/or practice dierent eld making. views when social or cultural
synthesis and assessment of new or adapt an independently. Collaborative exchanging ideas improvements.
and complex ideas. already known Broaden the learning with in the eld with Demonstrate
Substantial advanced knowledge in knowledge, borders of the senior and junior professionals and functional
the eld to develop original new method, design knowledge in the scholars to communicate interaction by using
knowledge through basic and and/or practice eld by producing broaden the eectively by strategic decision
applied research. to another eld; or interpreting an eld. showing making processes
research, original work or Ability to widely competence in in solving problems
conceive, publishing at least share with peers the eld. encountered in the
design, adapt one scientic paper and defend their Ability to eld.
and implement in the eld in research. communicate and Contribute to the
an original national and/or discuss orally, in solution nding
subject. international written and process regarding
Critical analysis, refereed journals. visually with peers social, scientic,
synthesis and Demonstrate by using a foreign cultural and ethical
evaluation of leadership in language. problems in the
new and contexts requiring Demonstrate eld and support
complex ideas. innovative and scholarly the development of
Gain advanced interdisciplinary communication in these values.
level skills in the problem solving. multiple Abide by
use of research Use expert creative, languages. professional codes
methods in the critical, technical of academic and
eld of study. skills to design and research integrity.
Demonstrate implement research
intellectual projects at the
autonomy to frontiers of
add new knowledge
knowledge to Conduct utilitarian
the eld through research
use of advanced independently to
research discover new
methods. knowledge.

* Adapted from National Qualications Framework for Higher Education in Turkey.

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

NQF Qualication Titles NQF QualicatioNames and Abbreviation of


Titles of the NQF qualications/programmes indicate the Degrees being used by HEIs/DAIs:
qualication and programme type, eld of study/discipline AD Associate Degree (in technical, vocational,
and provide a basis for national and international Professional elds)
recognition. In order to control the ambiguity, HEC has
outlined the basic names and has provided the criteria that BA Bachelor of Arts
how these names will be expanded to precisely describe the BBA Bachelor of Business Administration
content covered.
B.Com (Hons) Bachelor of Commerce (Honours)
Criteria for the Use of Titles/Nomenclature for
BE Bachelor of Engineering
the Degree
B.Tech Bachelor of Technology
1. The degree may be termed/ named as per the level
along with respective major eld of study/discipline, BSc (Engg.) Bachelor of Science (Engineering)
not stream/specialization.
BSc (Hons) Bachelor of Science (Honors)
2. A programme containing only one area may be termed
B.Ed. (Hons) Bachelor of Education (Honors)
as per its respective area of concentration, Bachelors in
Mechanical Engineering etc. BFA Bachelor of Fine Arts
Example: BS in Economics B. Pharm Bachelor of Pharmacy
3. A programme with specialization in at least 25 percent BS Bachelor of Science
of the main eld, the specialization may be indicated in
Brackets Pharm D. Doctor of Pharmacy

Example: BS in Computer Science (Programming), BDS Bachelor of Dental Surgery


Bachelors in Electrical Engineering (Telecommunication) DVM Doctor of Veterinary Medicine
4. A programme contains fundamental components of LL.B Bachelor of Law
two elds of study with the percentage of 50-50, the
qualication may be connected with AND LL.M Master of Law

Example: BS in Economics and Political Science, BS in MBA Master of Business Administration


Physics and Mathematics etc. MBBS Bachelor of Medicine & Bachelor of Surgery
5. A major-minor programme that contains at least 25 MD Doctor of Medicine
percent component in other elds of study is named
using the connector WITH M.E Master of Engineering
Example: BS in Economics with Mathematics. M.Tech Master of Technology
The transcript and degree certicate will use the M.Ed. Master of Education
nomenclature of the qualication to describe the eld (s) of
MFA Master of Fine Arts
study.
MLS Master of Library Sciences
MPA Master of Public Administration
M. Pharm Master of Pharmacy
MPhil Master of Philosophy
MPH Master of Public Health
MS/MSc Master of Science
MSc (Hons) Master of Science (Honours)
PhD Doctor of Philosophy

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Nomenclature and Abbreviations of Qualications oered in Pakistan

Award Type Name of Degree Abbreviation

Ordinary Bachelor/ Associate Bachelor of Science in (eld BSc in (eld of study/


Degree of study/ discipline) discipline)
Bachelor of Arts in (Field of BA in (eld of study/
2 years/60-72 credit hours and
study/ discipline) discipline)
3 years/90-108 credit hours

Bachelors (Hons) Bachelor of Science in (eld BS in (eld of study/


of study/ discipline) discipline)
4 years/124-140 credit hours
MBBS MBBS
5 years* Bachelors of Medicine and
Bachelors of Surgery
Masters Master of Science in (eld MS in (eld of
of study/disciple) study/discipline)
Minimum 30 Credit Hours with
Master of Philosophy in MPhil in (eld of study/
thesis or without thesis
(eld of study/discipline) discipline)

Doctoral Doctor of Philosophy in PhD in (eld of study/


(eld of study/ discipline) discipline)
Minimum 18 credit hours
course work and dissertation
evaluated by at least two PhD.
experts from
technologically/academically
advanced foreign countries in
addition to one local expert
and PhD Committee member

* B.Arch., MBBS, DVM, Pharm.D, etc.

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Degree Issuance Policy: o Date of Admission into Degree Program (Back Side)

Introduction: o Date of Completion of Degree Requirements (Back


Side)
The reliability of qualication included in the National
Qualications Framework (NQF) is protected and maintained by: o Basic Admission Requirement of the Program (Back
Side)
Legislation that provides for the accreditation of
qualications and organizations authorized to issue o Previous Degree Held by the Student along with
qualications by accrediting authorities1 Institution's Name (Back Side)

Quality assurance arrangements for qualications and o Semester Wise Break-up (Front Side)
authorized issuing organisations2 o Subjects Detail along with Credit Hours and GPA/
Nationally consistent and correct use of qualication Marks (Front Side)
titles/Nomenclature. o Credit Hours Exempted/Transferred (Front Side)
Policy: o GPA/CGPA and Overall Percentage Against Earned
All the graduates after completing a programme of CGPA or total marks respectively (Front Side at the
study are entitled to receive the following documents End of the Transcript)
on the award of degree; o Picture of the Applicant be printed on Transcript.
o A degree with security watermark and seal of the (Front Side)
university o CNIC No. for Pakistani and Passport No. for Foreign
o A Detailed Marks Certicate (DMC)/Transcripts with Student (Back Side)
semester and cumulative GPA o Online Result Verication Key/ID (Front Side at the
o Degree Supplement Form (on demand): The Degree End of the Transcript)
Supplement Form (DSF) will also be provided on the o Signature of Issuing Ocer(s) (Front and Back Side
demand of the graduates. It will provide a description of at the end of the Transcript)
the nature, level, context, content and status of the
studies that were pursued and successfully completed o Scale Must be Mentioned on Back Side of the
by the individual. The DSF contains name of the Transcript.(Back Side)
qualication, the comprehensive qualication prole o Charter Date of the University/DAI may be
including the levels, contents of the programme and Mentioned.(Back Side)
result gained, access to further studies and the
professional status etc. o Name of Campus/College be Mentioned along with
HEC Permission Date (Back Side)
It is mandatory for a University/Degree Awarding
Institution to conduct convocation once a year at the o Mode of Study-----Regular or Private or Distance
principal campus or at the regional sub-campuses. Learning (Front Side)

If any part of the study has been delivered/ assessed in *Requirements for Issuing and Verifying degree
a language other than English, the medium of The degree will only be issued by the Institutions
instruction will be mentioned explicitly on the recognized by the Higher Education Commission,
degree/DMC/Transcript. Islamabad and authorized by Law to do so.
Adequate information must be provided on Degree, The degree issuing University/DAIs is required to adhere
Detailed Marks Sheet and Transcript with seal that to the rules, regulations and quality assurance criteria
ensures that the degree is authentic. The Higher laid down by the HEC and the respective accreditation
Education Institutions (HEIs) ensure that the nal council and the compliance of the rules, regulation and
transcript for the award of degree includes following criteria is systematically monitored by the HEC and
information: respective accreditation council through well-laid out
o Name of Student (Front Side) policies and procedures.

o Fathers Name (Front Side) The degree issuing organization requires seeking the
formal approval of the HEC and respective accreditation
o Date of Birth (Front Side) council in case of change of title of qualication or
o Registration No. /Roll No. (Front Side) replacement of any Degree.

Footnotes:
1. Australian Qualications Framework Second Edition January 2013
2. Australian Qualications Framework Second Edition January 2013
14
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Description of Higher Education Qualications:


The description informs the degree prole, education and The users of the description are degree issuing organizations, the
employment pathways and the accreditation of the ordinary accreditation bodies, industry, regulatory bodies, students,
bachelor qualication. graduates, and employers.

Associate Degree:
Entry Requirements HSSC/F.Sc/FA/A level. (Level-04)
Duration 4 semesters/65-68 credit hours
Semester Duration 16-18 weeks (Minimum teaching 15 weeks, Exams one
week)
Course load per semester 16-18 credit hours

Average no. of courses per semester 4-6 (not more than 3 lab/practical course/semester)
Level 5
Subject Areas Associate of Arts degree,
Associate of Applied Science degree,
Associate of Science degree.

Learning Outcomes:
Purpose The Associate Degree qualies individuals who apply underpinning technical
and theoretical knowledge in arrange of contexts to undertake advanced
skilled or paraprofessional work and as a pathway to further learning.
Knowledge Graduate of Advanced Diploma will have specialized and integrated technical
and theoretical knowledge with depth within one or more elds of work and
learning
Skills Graduates of an Associate Degree will have:
Cognitive skills to identify, analyze, synthesize and evaluate information
and concept from a range of sources
Cognitive, technical and creative thinking skills to demonstrate a broad
understanding of knowledge and ideas with some depth in a discipline
Cognitive, communication and analytical skills to interpret and transmit
responses to sometimes complex problems
Communication skills to make a clear and coherent presentation of
knowledge and ideas with some intellectual independence
Application of knowledge and Skills Graduates of an Associate Degree will demonstrate the application of
knowledge and skills:
With initiative and judgment in planning, problem solving and decision
making in paraprofessional practice
To adapt knowledge and skills in a range of contexts and/or for further
studies in one or more disciplines
To adapt fundamental principles and techniques to known and unknown
situations
With responsibility and accountability for own learning and work and in
collaborations with others within broad parameters

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National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Pathways to Further Education:


The graduates can complete the Bachelors degree in the area of specialization

Pathways to Employment:
Seek employment in the area of professional/ vocational development at the entry level.

2-year Bachelor (Pass) Degree:


Entry Requirements HSSC/F.Sc/FA/A level. (Level-04)
Duration 2-years/60-72 credit hours

Level 5
Subject Area Arts, Commerce, Natural Sciences, Humanities

Qualications Oered BA, BSc, B.com, BBA, (2 years),

Learning Outcomes:
Purpose The Bachelor Degree qualies individual who applies broad and coherent body of
knowledge in a range of contexts to undertake professional work and as a pathway for
further learning.

Knowledge Graduate of Bachelor Degree (pass) will have a broad and coherent body of knowledge, with
depth in the underlying principles and concepts in one or more disciplines as a basis for
independent lifelong learning.

Skills Graduate of Bachelor Degree will have:

Cognitive skills to review critically, analyze, consolidate and synthesize knowledge


Cognitive and technical skills to demonstrate a broad understanding of knowledge with
depth in some areas
Cognitive and creative skills to exercise critical thinking and judgment in identifying and
solving problems with intellectual independence
Communication skill to represent a clear, coherent and independent exposition of
knowledge and ideas

Application of Graduate of Bachelor Degree will demonstrate the application of knowledge and skills:
Knowledge and With initiative and judgment in planning, problem solving and decision making in
professional practice and/or scholarship
Skills
To adapt knowledge and skills in diverse contexts
With responsibility and accountability for own learning and professional practice and in
collaboration with others within broad parameters

16
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Pathways to Further Education:


Admission to Bachelor A 2 year Bachelor Degree (BA, BSc etc.) under Annual System is equivalent to 50 credit
(Honors) hours under the semester system. Students after 2 year Bachelor degree (annual system)
should be enrolled in Bridging Semester, Minimum Courses to be studied in this semester
(18 Crt Hrs: Four Courses (English 3 Cr.Hr, Computing 3 Crt Hrs, Mathematics 3 Crt Hrs,
Management Skills 2 Crt Hrs). Two Courses each 3 Crt Hrs (Introductory broad core courses
related to degree program core) to be identied by the University.
Semesters 5 to 8 (approximately 65-67 Crt Hrs) Basic courses (Mathematics, English,
Islamic/Pakistan Studies, humanities), intermediate and advanced core courses related to
degree program core. Award of 4 year Bachelor Degree yields 16 years of education)

Admission into This is for those students who will be joining the institute after completing 2 years
Masters after 2 years Bachelor (annual system). The students may be enrolled into the Masters programme
directly by oering 94-106 credit hours, but they have to full the following requirements:
Bachelor
i. Will earn rst 64 76 credit hours
at undergraduate level, and then
ii. Will earn 30 credit hours at Masters / M. Phil level.

The Institute is obliged to issue a Bachelor (Hons.) degree to the student after
completing the additional undergraduate course requirement, i.e. 64-76 credit hours.

Pathways to Employment

17
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

3-year Bachelor (Pass) Degree:


Entry Requirements HSSC/F.Sc/FA/A level. (Level-04)
Duration 3 years/90-108 credit hours

Level 5
Subject Area Arts, Commerce, Natural Sciences ,humanities,

Qualications Oered BA (Hons), BSc, , BCS, BBA, (3 years)

Learning Outcomes:
Purpose The Bachelor Degree qualies individual who applies broad and coherent body of
knowledge in a range of contexts to undertake professional work and as a pathway for
further learning.

Knowledge Graduate of Bachelor Degree (pass) will have a broad and coherent body of knowledge, with
depth in the underlying principles and concepts in one or more disciplines as a basis for
independent lifelong learning.

Skills Graduate of Bachelor Degree will have:

Cognitive skills to review critically, analyze, consolidate and synthesize knowledge


Cognitive and technical skills to demonstrate a broad understanding of knowledge with
depth in some areas
Cognitive and creative skills to exercise critical thinking and judgment in identifying and
solving problems with intellectual independence
Communication skill to represent a clear, coherent and independent exposition of
knowledge and ideas

Application of Graduate of Bachelor Degree will demonstrate the application of knowledge and skills:
Knowledge and With initiative and judgment in planning, problem solving and decision making in
professional practice and/or scholarship
Skills
To adapt knowledge and skills in diverse contexts
With responsibility and accountability for own learning and professional practice and in
collaboration with others within broad parameters

Pathways to Further Education:


Admission to Bachelor
(Honors)

Admission into
Masters after 3 years
Bachelor

Pathways to Employment
Entry level employment in the eld of study

18
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Professional Bachelor Degree:


Entry Requirements HSSC/F.Sc/FA/A level. (Level-04)
Duration 4 years (8-semesters)/124-140 credit hours
5 years (10 semesters)/160-170 credit hours

Semester Duration 16-18 weeks

Course load per semester 15-18 credit hours

Level 6
Subject Areas Agriculture, Architecture, Business Education, Computing Education,
Engineering, Homoeopathy, Law, Medical& Dental, Nursing, Pharmacy,
Teachers Education, Tibb, Veterinary Sciences,

Qualications oered BBA (Hons), B.Arch., BE, LLB, MBBS, BDS, B. Pharm, PharmD, B.Ed, DVM,

Learning Outcomes:
Purpose The Bachelor Honours Degree qualies individual who apply body of
knowledge in a specic context to undertake professional work and as a
pathway for research further learning.

Knowledge Graduate of Bachelor Honours Degree will have coherent and advanced
knowledge of underlying principles and concepts in one or more disciplines and
knowledge of research and principles and methods

Skills Graduate of Bachelor Honours Degree will have:


Cognitive skills to review, analyze, consolidate and synthesis knowledge to
identify and provide solutions to complex problem with intellectual
independence
Cognitive and technical skills to demonstrate a broad understanding of a body
of knowledge and theoretical concepts with advanced understanding
in some areas
Cognitive skills to exercise critical thinking and judgment in developing new
understanding
Technical skills to design and use research in a project
Communication skill to represent a clear and coherent exposition of
knowledge and ideas to a variety of audiences."

Application of knowledge and Graduate of Bachelor Honors Degree will demonstrate the application
Skills of Knowledge and skills:
With initiative and judgment in professional practice and/or
scholarship
To adapt knowledge and skills in diverse contexts
With responsibility and accountability for own learning and practice
and in collaboration with others within broad parameters
To plan and execute project work and/or a piece of research and
scholarship with some independence

19
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Pathways to Further Education:


Admission to Sixteen years of schooling or 4 year education (124-140 credit hours) after HSSC/F.A.
/F.Sc/Grade 12 equivalent will be required for admission in the M.Phil./MS.
MPhil/MS

Pathways to Employment

Bachelors Degree:
4-year Bachelor Degrees:
Entry Requirements HSSC/F.Sc/FA/A level. (Level-04)
Duration 8 Semesters (4years)/124-140 Credit Hours

Semester Duration 16-18 weeks


Credit Hours 15 18 Credit Hours*

Level 6
Subject Areas Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences , Biological Sciences, Business Studies, physical
sciences, Computer Sciences, Engineering, Social Sciences

Qualications oered BS, B.E, BSc (Eng.), BSc (Agri), B.Com (Hons), B.Tech (Hons) etc.

Pathways to Further Education:


Admission to Sixteen years of schooling or 4 year education (124-136 credit hours) after HSSC/F.A.
MPhil/MS /F.Sc/Grade 12 equivalent will be required for admission in the M.Phil./MS.
The GAT-General (www.nts.org.pk/gat/gat.asp) conducted by the National Testing
Service with a minimum 50% cumulative score will be required at the time of admission
to M.Phil./M.S.

Pathways to Employment
Employment as Faculty in Colleges, Industry and Business.

20
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Masters Degree:
1-2 Years MA/MSc:
Entry Requirements BA, BSc., B.Com, BBA (3 years), BCS

Duration 1-2 years ( Include total Credit Hours)

Level 6
Subject Areas Biological Sciences, Business Studies, Physical Sciences, Computer Sciences, Social
Sciences, humanities, Languages
Qualications oered MA, MSc, MBA, MCS etc.

Learning Outcomes:
Purpose The Bachelor Honors Degree qualies individual who apply body of knowledge in a
specic context to undertake professional work and as a pathway for research further
learning.

Knowledge Graduate of Bachelor Honors Degree will have coherent and advanced knowledge of
underlying principles and concepts in one or more disciplines and knowledge of
research and principles and methods

Skills "Graduate of Bachelor Honors Degree will have:


Cognitive skills to review, analyze, consolidate and synthesis knowledge to identify
and provide solutions to complex problem with intellectual independence
Cognitive and technical skills to demonstrate a broad understanding of a body of
knowledge and theoretical concepts with advanced understanding in some areas
Cognitive skills to exercise critical thinking and judgment in developing new
understanding
Technical skills to design and use research in a project
Communication skill to represent a clear and coherent exposition of knowledge and
ideas to a variety of audiences.

Application of Graduate of Bachelor Honors Degree will demonstrate the application of


knowledge and Skills Knowledge and skills:
With initiative and judgment in professional practice and/or scholarship
To adapt knowledge and skills in diverse contexts
With responsibility and accountability for own learning and practice and in
collaboration with others within broad parameters
To plan and execute project work and/or a piece of innovative research and
scholarship with some independence

Pathways to Further Education:


Admission to Sixteen years of schooling or 4 year education (124 credit hours) after HSSC/F.A.
/F.Sc/Grade 12 equivalent will be required for admission in the M.Phil./MS.
MPhil/MS
Pathways to Employment
Employment as School, College, Faculty, Research Institutions, Business and Industry, Entrepreneurship in area of
specialization

21
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Masters Degree:
Entry Requirements Sixteen years of schooling or 4 year education (124-136) credit hours) after HSSC/F.A.
/F.Sc/Grade 12 equivalent
Duration 1.5 2 years

Semester Duration 16- 18 weeks


Credit Hours 30 credit hours of course work or complete 24 credit hours of course work along with a
minimum of 6 credit hours for research work/thesis.
Level 7
Subject Areas Agriculture & Veterinary Sciences , Biological Sciences, Business Studies, physical sciences,
computer sciences, Engineering, Social Sciences,
Qualications oered MS, MPhil, M.E, MSc (Eng.), MSc (Agri), M.Com (Hons), M.Tech (Hons)etc.

Learning Outcomes:
Purpose The Masters Degree (Research)
The Master Degree (Research) qualies individuals who apply an advanced body of
knowledge in a range of contexts for research and scholarship and as a pathway for further
learning.
Knowledge Graduate of Master Degree (Research) will have:
A body of knowledge that includes the understanding of recent developments in one or
more disciplines
Advanced knowledge of research principle and methods applicable to the eld of work or
learning

Skills Graduate of a Master Degree (Research) will have:


Cognitive skills to demonstrate mastery of theoretical knowledge and to reect critically
on theory and its application
Cognitive, technical and creative skills to investigate, analyses and synthesize complex
information, problems, concepts and theories to apply established theories to dierent
bodies of knowledge or practice
Cognitive, technical and creative skills to generate and evaluate complex ideas and
concepts at an abstract level Cognitive and technical skills to design, use and evaluate
research and research methods
Communication and technical skills to present a coherent and sustained argument and to
disseminate research results to specialist and non-specialist audiences
Technical and communication skills to design, evaluate, implement, analyses, theories
and disseminate research that makes a contribution to knowledge

Application of Graduate of Master Degree (Research) will demonstrate the application of knowledge and
knowledge and Skills skills:
With creativity and initiative to new situations and/or for further learning
With high level personal autonomy and accountability
To plan and execute a substantial piece of research

Pathways to Further Education:


Admission to PhD PhD minimum CGPA 3.0 (on a 4.0 scale in the Semester System) or First Division (in the
Annual System) in M.Phil./M.S/Equivalent degree is required

Pathways to Employment
22
National Qualifications Framework of Pakistan 2015

Doctoral (PhD) Degree:


Entry Requirements PhD minimum CGPA 3.0 (out of 4.0 in the Semester System) or First Division (in the
Annual System) in M.Phil./M.S/Equivalent degree is required
Duration Minimum 18 credit hours course work and dissertation evaluated by at least two Ph.D. experts
from technologically / academically advanced foreign countries in addition to local doctoral
Committee members
Level 8
Subject Areas Biological Sciences, Business Studies, Physical Sciences, Computer Sciences, Social Sciences,
Arts and Humanities
Qualications oered Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Learning Outcomes:
Purpose The Doctoral Degree qualies individuals who apply a substantial body of knowledge to
research, investigate and develop new knowledge in one or more elds of investigation,
scholarship or professional practice.
Knowledge Graduate of Doctoral Degree will have:
A substantial body of knowledge at the frontier of a eld of work or learning, including
knowledge that constitute an original contribution
Substantial knowledge of research principles and methods applicable to the eld of work or
learning
Skills Graduate of Doctoral Degree will have:
Cognitive skills to demonstrate expert understanding of theoretical knowledge and to reect
critically on that theory and practice
Cognitive skills and use of intellectual independence to think critically, evaluate existing
knowledge and ideas, undertake systematic investigation and reect on theory and practice
to generate original knowledge
Expert technical and creative skills applicable to the eld of work or learning
Communication skills to explain and critique theoretical propositions, methodologies and
conclusions
Communication skills to present cogently a complex investigation of originality or original
research for external examination against international standards and to communicate results
to peer and the community
Expert skills to design, implement, analyze, theorize and communicate research that makes
a signicant and original contribution to knowledge and/or professional practice
Application of Graduate of Doctoral Degree will demonstrate the application of knowledge and skills: With
knowledge and Skills intellectual independence With initiative and creativity in news situations and/or for further
learning With full responsibility and accountability for personal outputs To plan and
execute original research With the ongoing capacity to generate new knowledge, including
in the context of professional practice

Pathways to Further Education:


Post-Doc Research

Pathways to Employment
University Faculty, Professional research in areas of specialization
References:
I. National Skills Qualication Framework (NSQF)
II. Higher Education Commission (www.hec.gov.pk)
III. National Curriculum Framework Development
23
Higher Education Commission
of Pakistan

www.hec.gov.pk

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