MA-406

Computer Aided Drafting Lab

Product Design Report on Solar Street Lights

Submitted By: Nitin Kumar (642/MP/13)

Raju Gupta (648/MP/13)
Saumya Dutta (656/MP/13)
Divya Kardam (631/MP/12)

1
 Acknowledgement

First and foremost, We would like to Thank our Professor Mr. Sanjay Gupta for the valuable
guidance and advice. He inspired us greatly to work in this project. His willingness to motivate
us contributed tremendously to our project.

We wish to express our cordial gratitude to the all people who played a crucial role in the
research for this project, without their active cooperation the preparation of this project could not
have been completed within the specified limit.

Finally, an honourable mention goes to our family and friends for their understandings and
supports on us in completing this project. Without help of the particular that mentioned above,
we would face many difficulties while doing this project.

2
 Executive Summary

This is a hypothetical project. The purpose of this project is to develop the project planning and
initiation phase to understand how a project is carrying on, completed and what is required to
complete it. The MTA Corporation (hypothetical company) is a company which produces and
installs solar street lights. MTA Corporation is currently doing a project of installing solar street
lights for the Government of India in the Capital city New Delhi. The whole project is
developing on hypothetical assumptions. The sponsors of this project are; Government of India,
World Bank, UN and UNICEF.

Reasons for installing Solar Street Lights in India are; India is going through many critical
problems and one of them is energy problem, which is effecting the growth and development of
the economy. India has a lot of resources to produce electricity from different alternatives plans.
For that reason we have done analysis of the market and analysed that the people are anxious and
willing to reduce the energy crisis from the country as well as the Government of India is
looking/ finding ways to resolve the crisis by developing rental electric power grids program
temporarily that is costly. As in the market till now no one has proposed solar street lights project
to the Government of India which can help them to reduce the energy Problem. Government of
India accepted the project proposed by the MTA Corporation of installing Solar Street lights in
the Capital city New Delhi to cater the energy crisis.

Different plan are made to ensure that who, what, where, when, why and How will be recognize
and explained.

3
 Table of Contents

Table of Contents
Acknowledgments
..1

Executive
Summary2

Table of
Content..3

Project Charter ..
..5

Objectives

Deliverables/ Millstones

Stakeholders

Assumptions

Risks

Decision Making Process

Project Cost

Project Plan.
8

General Information

Project Information

Technology

Environmental and Social Impact

Benefits of Solar Street Lights

Milestones

Costing & Budgeting

Scope Statement...
13

4
Stakeholders
Register..15

Human Resource Management

Plan..16

Communication Management Plan.

21

Procurement Management
Plan..22

Quality Management Plan.

...26

Risk Management Plan.

28

Conclusion..
..29

5
 PROJECT CHARTER

Tagline: - You pay LESS MONEY for MORE LIGHT with Solar Street Lights.

Mission:-

MTA Corporation aim Towards provide alternative solar energy solutions for domestic,
industrial and commercial establishments in order to mitigate the energy problems in India.

Objectives:-

Solar energy is a very useful renewable source of energy, which may be the answer to the future
for power, or energy needs, as global warming seems to pick up rapidly. So, we can all contribute
to the environment by using solar energy thus erasing or trimming down various gas emissions,
which can endanger earth, in turn, the millions of people in it. By installing solar street lights in
the Capital city of India, it will help to reduce the energy crisis. The installation cost of Solar
Street light is less than the Traditional Street lights installing and maintenance cost. So, by
installing Solar Street lights, it will help to boost the economy of India.

Deliverables/ Milestones:-

Less Cost, No electric current is required, high quality solar street lights, easy to maintain, Heavy
Duty 1/8 Aluminium with welded seams and rubber mats, Heavy duty front door with stainless
steel hinges, gaskets and lockable, No sharp edges on enclosure door, 24 volt 10 amp controller,
Field adjustable for on/off times, Settable for gel cell battery charge curve to ensure performance
and autonomy, Pulse Width Modulation charge regulation, Factory mounted in battery box,
Controller automatically adjusts for seasonal light changes, Extends battery life, reduces deep
discharge cycling and enhances autonomy.

Stakeholders:-

Stakeholders of the project are Ministry of Finance, World Bank, UNO, and UNICEF, Project
team of MTA Company, CDA, and Government of India.

6
Assumptions:-

Project will be a successful one, because each stakeholder (Govt. of India, UN, World Bank) is
united and putting their whole lot of efforts to make this project a successful one. Economy will
be improved; investors will invest and so forth.

Risks:-

Solar electricity and heat are not available at night and also may not be accessible in case of bad
weather conditions. So, a solar or complementary power station is required which maybe a
problem for many locations.

Solar panels require a large area for installation in order to achieve a good level of efficiency.
Besides the solar energy can also be influenced by the presence of water vapour, pollution etc. in
the air, which may cause complexities.

Considerable amount of energy is lost when DC (direct current) has to be converted to AC

(alternating current). The solar cells can only produce DC, thus the conversion by help of Grid-
Tie Inverters incurs a loss of about 4-12%.

Decision Making Process:-

Decision will be taken with the agreement of the stakeholders and will be approved by the CEO
of the company.

7
Project Cost:-

Cost of the project is determined through the documents construct in the project.

Activities:

Procurement of Required Material

Project Initiation

Define Scope

Project Schedule

Estimated Cost & Budgeting Plan

Document Project Support Plans

Project Quality

Project Human Resource Management

Develop Procurement Plans

Set Up Project Environment

Human Resource Management

Assembling of Solar lights

Installation of Solar Street Lights

Maintenance

Monitoring and Controlling

Estimated Total Cost= Rs 36, 041,827.15

8
 Project Plan

GENERAL INFORMATION

Project sponsors and partners are;

Government of India

World Bank

UN

UNICEF

Suppliers

PROJECT INFORMATION

This is a hypothetical project. The purpose of this project is to develop the project planning and
initiation phase to understand how a project is carrying on, completed and what is required to
complete it. The MTA Corporation (hypothetical company) is a company which produces and
installs solar street lights. MTA Corporation is currently doing a project of installing solar street
lights for the Government of India in the Capital city New Delhi. The whole project is been
developed on hypothetical assumptions.

India is going through many critical problems and one of them is energy problem, which is
effecting the growth and development of the economy. India has a lot of resources to produce
electricity from different alternatives plans. For that reason we done analysis of the market and
analysed that the people are anxious and willing to reduce the energy crisis from the country as
well as the Government of India is looking/ finding ways to resolve the crisis by developing
rental electric power grids program temporarily that is costly. As in the market till now no one
has proposed solar street lights project to the Government of India which can help them to reduce
the energy Problem. Government of India accepted the project proposed by the MTA
Corporation of installing Solar Street lights in the Capital city New Delhi to cater the energy
crisis. Project detail is given in the following Documents. The information about the Solar Street
Light is explained in detail in the following topic.

9
Technology: - (Solar Light)

The solar light is a complex but useful source of light. Solar light is consisting of following
component;

Photovoltaic

A stand alone so photovoltaic street lighting system comprises a compact fluorescent lamp, lead
acid battery, PV module(s) control electronics, inter-connecting wires / cables, Module mounting
hardware, Battery box, Operation, instruction and maintenance manual.

Duty Cycle

The system should be designed to automatically switch ON at dusk. Operate throughout the night
and automatically switch OFF at the dawn.

Lamp

The lamp will be of compact fluorescent (CFL) type, either 4 - Pin or 2 Pin type, with a rating of
11W. For the 4 - Pin type CFL. Adequate pre-heating circuit must be provided. The light output
from the lamp should be around 900 +5% lumens. The lamp should be housed in a weather proof
assembly suitable for outdoor use, with a reflector on its back. While fixing the assembly, the
lamp should be held in a base up configuration.

Battery

Electrolyte type positive tubular plate is required. Low maintenance leads acid battery. The
battery will have a minimum rating of 12V 75 Ah (at C/10) discharge rate. 75 % of the rated
capacity of the battery should be between fully charged & load cut off conditions.

Celectron

The inverter should be of quasi sine wave/sine wave type. With frequency in the range 20 - 35
KHz. Half-wave operation is not acceptable. The total electronic efficiency should be at least 80
%. No blackening or reduction in the lumen output by more than 10% should be observed after
1000 ON/OFF cycles (two minutes ON followed by four minutes OFF is one cycle). The idle
current consumption should not be more than 10 mA. Electronics should operate at 12 V and
should have temperature compensation for proper charging of the battery throughout the year.
Necessary lengths of wires/cables and fuses should be provided. The PV module will be used to
sense the ambient light level for switching ON and OFF the lamp.

10
PV Module (s)

The PV module(s) shall contain crystalline silicon solar cells. The power output of the module(s)
under STC should be a minimum of 74 W either two modules; of minimum 37 W output each or
one module of 74 W output should be used. The operating voltage corresponding to the power
output mentioned above should be 16.4 V. The open circuit voltage of the PV modules under
STC should be at least 21.0 Volts. The terminal box on the module should have a provision for
opening for replacing the cable if required. A strip containing the following details should be
laminated inside the module so as to be clearly visible from the front side. Electronic Protections
and Adequate protection is to be incorporated under no -load conditions e.g. when the lamp is
removed and the system is switched ON. The system should have protection against battery
overcharge and deep discharge conditions. Fuses should be provided to protect against short
circuit conditions. The pole should be made of mild steel pipe with a height of 4 meters above
the ground level, after grouting and final installation. The pole should have the provision to hold
the water proof lamp housing it should be painted with a corrosion resistant paint. A vented, acid
proof and corrosion resistant painted metallic box for outdoor use should be provided for housing
the battery.

Components and parts used in the solar street lighting systems should conform to the latest BIS
specifications, wherever such specifications are available and applicable.

Environment and social impact:-

Energy saving provide electric energy with solar energy photovoltaic conversion, which would
never be exhausted. No pollution, no noise, no radiation. Safety No such accident as electric
shock or fire at all. Convenience Simple installation, no need to erect wire or excavate ground
without consideration of power shut down or power restriction. Solar Street Light has long life
high technical content of the product, control system and module being of famous world brand,
intelligent design, and reliable quality. Solar energy is a High quality Technical product, green
energy, using units attaching importance to technology, enhancing green image and level. Solar
energy is a Investment all at once, same price as AC power (sum of AC power investment from
substation, power feeding, control cabinet, cable and engineering), investment all at once with
long term usage. Wide application solar energy comes from nature. It can be used so long there is
sunshine, especially suitable for green land sight light equipage, high grade housing and outdoor
lighting, tour scenic spot and coast lighting and decoration, industrial development area, factory
and enterprise street lamp, outdoor light of colleges.

11
Benefits and features of solar lights:-

Immune to power outages

Wandal resistant hardware

No trenching, no wiring

No maintenance

Stand alone, not connected to grid

Easy installation-quick connect plug

Longer lifetime (50,000 hours)

Organization, management, and training:-

Well trained employees are in MTA Corporation with a lot of experience and outstanding work.
Trainings are an important part of the organization to keep employees up-to-date with the latest
technology. HR Manager is responsible for the hiring, training and compensation of the
employees.

Project implementation:-

Schedule for project implementation is given in detail in the MS Project file. Partners'
responsibilities in implementation are MTA Corporation, Suppliers i.e. (Shi fang Company,
Malik steel, A.A Company, Ambuja Cement, and Hinduja).

Shi Fang Company:-

Lamps, Batteries, PV Module(s), controlling device

Mechanical equipment

Electronic accessories

Malik Steel:-

Stainless steel poles, water prove box

12
AA Company:-

Procure Bricks for installing the pole holder.

Ambuja Cement:-

Procure Cement to make holder of the street light pole.

Hinduja Company:-

Procure trucks to transport street lights to the designated places.

Milestones:-

Sr.No Task

1 Budget approval from the organization

2 Inspection Team Report/Survey Report

3 Purchase of Materials
4 Purchase of Vehicles

5 Installation of Solar Street Lights to the designated locations

6 Final Report

Costing & Budgeting:-

Budget =Rs. 50,000,000

Total Estimated Cost= "Rs36, 041,827.15"

13
 Scope Statement

Project Justification:-

There is a lot of Shortage of electricity in India. Indian Government is looking forward to

produce energy from other available resources. Solar energy is one important way to produce
electricity other than traditional way of producing electricity. It is a onetime cost project which
benefits for future.

Project Product:-

Solar Street Lights is the Project Product.

Project Deliverables:-

Solar Street Lights

Project Objective:-

Solar energy is a very useful renewable source of energy, which may be the answer to the future
for power, or energy needs, as global warming seems to pick up rapidly. So, we can all contribute
to the environment by using solar energy thus erasing or trimming down various gas emissions,
which can endanger earth, in turn, the millions of people in it. By installing solar street lights in
the Capital city New Delhi of India, it will help to reduce the energy problem in some way. The
installation cost of Solar Street light is less than the Traditional Street light. So, by installing
Solar Street lights, it will definitely play a pivotal role to stabilize the economy of India.

Assumptions/Limitations:-

One time cost but beneficial, less emission of energy that effect ozone layer or help to reduce
global warming, better working then the traditional or previous ones. Cost is one factor,
Accessibility, Literacy rate, technology, experts.

14
Overall Project Priority:-

High

Medium

Low

Comments: -

This project is going to help in the growth of Indias economy because right now India is going
through a lot of major issues and electricity is one of them, so by planting solar street lights it
will reduce the consumption of electricity on traditional street lights and the supply of electricity
will be more likely be equal to the demand of the people.

Stakeholders Register

15
Sr.N Name of Designation Department Role in Type of Expectatio Interest Powe
o Stake project communication n r
holders
1 Mr. Project Overall To Face to Face and Successfully High High
Manager assure daily meetings installing
Tanuj all the the solar
Bhalla activities street lights
are in New
being Delhi
done as
schedule
d
2 Govern Financing Nil To Reports and Fully High High
ment of body finance meetings on support to
India the monthly basis make
project project
successful
3 World Financing Nil --as --as above-- --as above-- High High
Bank body above--

4 Labor Work Force Operations To Meetings and Salary on Low Low

produce Face to Face time
solar
street
lights
and
plant in
the New
Delhi
5 Supplier Nil Nil To Written and Contracts High Low
s provide meetings
the best
available
material
to build
the solar
street
lights

16
 Human Resource Management Plan

CEO

MARKETING HUMAN FINANCE PROCUREMENT QUALITY PROJECT

MANAGER RESOURCE MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER
MANGER

ASSISTANT ASSISTANT ASSISTANT TEAM ASSISTANT

MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER MANAGER

TEAM TEAM TEAM TEAM

TECHNICAL TECHNICAL ACCOUNTANTS

EMPLOYEES EMPLOYEES

MARTKETING TRAINERS AUDITORS

RESEARCHER

ANALYTICAL
SKILLED
EMPLYEES

17
Roles and Responsibilities:-
Designation Roles & Responsibilities

Its role is more like a leader and visionary person. She/he advises the
Board and supports motivation of employees in organization products/
CEO
programs and operations. He ensures staff and Board have sufficient and
up-to-date information, looks to the future for change opportunities and
interfaces between Board and employees, and organization and
community.

Marketing To develop, establish and maintain marketing strategies to meet

Manager organizational objectives. She/he manages and coordinates all marketing,
advertising and promotional staff and activities. Conduct market research
to determine market requirements for existing and future products.
Analysis of customer research, current market conditions and competitor
information, develop and implement marketing plans and projects for
new and existing products. Manage the productivity of the marketing
plans and projects. Monitor, review and report on all marketing activity
and results. Determine and manage the marketing budget. Develop
pricing strategy and liaison with media and advertising.

18
Human Resource Maintaining and develop HR policies, ensuring compliance and to
Manager contribute the development of corporate HR policies. She/ he develop the
HR team, to ensure the provision of a professional HR service to the
organization. Manage a team of staff. She/ he are Responsible for
mentoring, guiding and developing them as a second line to the current
position. To ensure timely recruitment of required level / quality of
Management staff, other business lines staff, including non-billable staff
with appropriate global approvals, in order to meet business needs,
focusing on Employee Retention and key Employee Identification
initiatives. Prepare information and input for the salary budgets. Ensure
compliance to the approved salary budget; give focus on pay for
performance and salary benchmarks where available. Ensure adherence
to corporate guideline on salary adjustments and promotions. Coordinate
increments and promotions of all staff. HR manager develop the HR
business plan and ensure appropriate communication at all staff levels.

Finance Manager She/he coordinates the approval and rejection of, lines of credit and
commercial, real estate, and personal loans. Develop and analyze
information to assess the current and future financial status of firms.
Establish procedures for custody and control of assets, records, loan
collateral, and securities, in order to ensure safekeeping. Evaluate data
pertaining to costs in order to plan budgets. Evaluate financial reporting
systems, accounting and collection procedures, and investment activities,
and make recommendations for changes to procedures, operating
systems, budgets, and other financial control functions. Oversee the flow
of cash and financial instruments. Plan, direct, and coordinate risk and
insurance programs of establishments to control risks and losses. Prepare
financial and regulatory reports required by laws, regulations, and boards
of directors. Prepare operational and risk reports for management
analysis. Communicate with stockholders and other investors to provide
information, and to raise capital.

19
 Implement procurement strategy and policies. Forecast procurement
needs. Create and implement KPIs. Continually develop expertise to
Procurement
support growth for new projects. Monitor macro trends in supplier and
Manager
contract base and implement plans to react. Build and develop
relationships with key suppliers and customers. Lead the procurement
group in all phases. Identify and develop training opportunities. She/ he
order materials and services as per negotiated and appropriately
approved. Review quotations. Prepare purchase requisitions, approve and
issues purchase orders in accordance with company policy and
negotiated terms and conditions. Maintain procurement files. Track
Purchasing activity and measurements. Discuss defective or
unacceptable new goods or services with users, vendors and others to
determine cause of problem and take corrective and preventative action.
Ensure supplier compliance with site and company requirements for
safety. Manage vendor relationships and assist in building effective
partnerships.

Quality Manager
Aims to ensure that the product or service an organization provides is fit
for purpose and meets both external and internal requirements, including
legal compliance and customer expectations. A quality manager,
sometimes called a quality assurance manager, coordinates the activities
required to meet quality standards. She/he also monitors and advice on
the performance of the quality management system and produces data
and report on performance, measuring against set indicators. They liaise
with other managers and staff throughout the organization to ensure that
the QA system is functioning properly. Where appropriate, the quality
manager advises on changes and their implementation and provides
training, tools and techniques to enable others to achieve quality.

20
 Communication Management Plan

Message Owner Recipient Delivery Notification Frequency

Medium Cycle
Vehicle
Project Status Project Manager Project Project Word Monthly
Sponsor and Status Document
Key Report sent via e-
Stakeholders mail
Meeting Meeting Facilitator Meeting Meeting Word As often as
Discussion, Participants Notes Document meetings are
Decisions, sent via e- held
Action Items mail
Informational Project Manager Project Message E-Mail with On an as
updates on Sponsor and attachments needed basis
issues, Key as needed when
schedules, task Stakeholders information
assignments as needed becomes
that must be available
communicated
before the next
status meeting
Status updates All team members Task EPM Task When a team
on Tasks Updates Reporting member has
Project a task due
Manager during the
current week

Executive Project Manager with Executive Slide PowerPoint As often as

Presentation Project Sponsor Sponsor and Presentation or Word needed for
Key or Report document Stakeholder
Stakeholders involvement
and
commitment

Project Steering Project Manager, Project Steering In person Every 3 4

Committee Project Sponsor Steering Committee with weeks per
Committee Meeting PowerPoint, meeting
Meetings Word schedule
document,
or Project
deliverables

21
 Procurement Management Plan

Procurement Statement:-

MTA Corporation is producing a premium product so we require a premium supplier. So MTA

Corporation requires a high quality product from the suppliers for their customers.

Estimated Cost:-

Total Estimated Cost = Rs.17, 680,260 +/- 20%

Procurement Definition:-

For making the premium product i.e. Solar Street Lights, MTA Corporation requires the
following parts according to their specifications;

Procurement of Stainless Steel Poles

Procurement of Material

Bricks

Cement

Lamp

Battery

Controlling device

Celectron

PV Module(s)

Electronic Protection Materials

Mechanical Hardware

Electronic Accessories
22
 Vehicles (Trucks)

Specifications:-

Highly efficient mono crystal or multi crystal silicon solar panels for power supply.

Working Voltage: 12 / 24V DC

Lighting Time: 8 to 12 hours per day depending on the season

Advanced charging, discharging and lighting control circuit with reliable Performance

High lighting efficiency, great brightness

Easy installation

Safe, reliable, energy saving, economical, environmental protection

Lamp specifications:-

Lamp technology: LVD (Induction light)

Power Rating: 40W

Life span: > 100,000 hours

Mean lumen: 6,800

Mean pupil lumen: 11,000

CRI > 80

Colour temperature: 2700, 2500 or 4100K (based on clients decision for type of colour)

Lamp fixture specifications:-

Different lamp fixture designs can be proposed. The fixture must include the following
components:

- Reflector

- Closed housing
23
- Electronic Ballast

- Mounting brackets

Details of the proposed fixtures should be submitted with both clear designs, cut sheets and
photometric performances.

PV module spec:-

Type: Multi or Mono crystalline technology

Conversion Efficiency: > to 15%

Manufacturing tolerance on rated power: 3%

Module Voltage: 12V

Environment: See general description for environment requirements

Connector type: Multi Contact type possibility

Total weight: 20 KG

Cell protection: The cells should be protected by a tempered glace

Batteries spec:-

The following are the minimum requirements for the battery(s):

Maintenance free

Gel type batteries

No leakage

12V type Deep discharge capacity

Expected life span over 8 years in normal operating condition

24
Charger controller specification:-

The charger controller should be located close to the battery(s) and it should need minimum
maintenance. This unit can include the automatic dusk/down switch and the dimmer/timer
module. The controller should have the following protections:

Overcharging

Over discharging

Overload

Selection Process & Criteria:-

RFP will be floated then identify the suppliers, evaluating the suppliers, selection of supplier,
alternative supplier, review. The criteria will be the terms and conditions of contract. According
to the specifications and required quality of the products that are to be procured.

Project Procurement Team:-

Sr.No Designation Procurement Role

1 Project Manager He/ She are Responsible for overall procurement activities.

2 Procurement Assist the procurement manager and make it sure that required
manager product is procured.

3 Procurement Check and balance of all the activities of procurement. Ensure

managers team that right product and required quantity of product is acquired

25
Vendor Management:-

Procurement manager and his team will manage the relationship with supplier and ensure that
they provide the right parts on the time as per requirement.

Quality Management Plan

Project Scope:-

MTA Corporation aim Towards provide alternative solar energy solutions for domestic,
industrial and commercial establishments in order to mitigate the energy problems in India.

Deliverable Description:-

The main deliverable of project is Solar Street Light. The other somewhat related to product
deliverables are; Less Cost, No electric current is required, high quality solar street lights, easy to
maintain, Heavy Duty 1/8 Aluminium with welded seams and rubber mats, Heavy duty front
door with stainless steel hinges, gaskets and lockable, No sharp edges on enclosure door, 24 volt
10 amp controller, Field adjustable for on/off times, Settable for gel cell battery charge curve to
ensure performance and autonomy, Pulse Width Modulation charge regulation, Factory mounted
in battery box, Controller automatically adjusts for seasonal light changes, Extends battery life,
reduces deep discharge cycling and enhances autonomy.

Acceptance Criteria:-

The product will only be accepted if it completes all the activities as per requirement and fulfil
the required mentioned quality in the project plan by the customer and the MTA Corporation then
it will be accepted otherwise, Quality manager will manage the problem and make the product up
to the set standard.

Quality Assurance Activities:-

Quality manager will monitor the project and its activities throughout the entire project and
ensure the quality according to the requirement and schedule.

26
Project Monitoring and Control:-

Monitoring and controlling will be done throughout the entire project by the quality and
Monitoring & controlling department on daily routine.

Project Team Quality Responsibilities:-

Quality team will be responsible for the overall all products acceptance. Pre-test will be done by
the team, audit and see the quality time to time throughout the project and checklist will be made
by project manager according to which quality team will ensure that all the requirements of the
product meets. In short project team quality is responsible for the end product.

27
Risk Management Plan
Statement Stakeholde Priorit Probabilit Certaint Possible Possible Mitigation
of Risk r Affected y y/ y Causes Consequence Strategy
Likelihood s
Backup Cost will Bad
power be higher 40% Weather Will stop
station is Mediu Medium solar street By increasing the
required m light to work Battery duration
which may and backup
not be storage.
possible for
some
locations.
Project Air
Solar energy Failure Pollution,
is influenced 50% Water Will disturb
by the High vapors the working
presence of High of solar street By placing in the
water vapor, lights dry areas, or by
pollution protecting shield.
etc. in the
air, which
may cause
complexities

Conversion period
Medium Conversio Will affect can be reduced to
affect 70% n of DC the when it is needed.
Considerabl
High into AC effectiveness
e amount of
Mediu of solar street By stopping the
energy is
m light unnecessary
lost when
DC has to be conversion of DC
converted to into AC.
AC
Increase
Cost will of
increase, Currency, Forecastings will
High 30% Unstable be made in and
Inflation Will affect
High economy rates are pre-
the costing
and determined with
Mediu the supplier.
budgeting of
m
the project.

28
Conclusion:-

Energy can be produced by many sources but now a days the traditional way of producing
energy is becoming more and more costly as well as there is no reserves of water through which
energy can be generated, so by using the alternative and new technology to generate electricity is
through solar energy, which is costly but not more than the traditional one and gives long-term
benefits. Overall the project is going to be complete in short time span with the best outcomes.

29