Heavy Duty OBD J1939

Communications
Mark Stepper
Stepper, Cummins Inc
Inc.
Director OBD & Service Information
September 22, 2009
 Topics/Presentation Outline
Supplemental Slides
J1939 Documents and Overview
J1939 Status
J1939 New OBD Content
J1939 Related Questions and
Answers
Questions
22--24 September 2009
22 2
 Supplemental Slides
J1939 Synopsis
y p
(slides 26-
26-35)
Failure Mode Indicator Range Model
(slides 36-
36-44)
Diagnostic Message Summaries,
DM1 through DM52
(Slid 45-
(Slides 45-79)
Required OBD message support for:
(Slides
(S des 80
80--90)
US
EU
WWH

22--24 September 2009

22 3
 J1939 Documents
Document Abbreviated Document Title
J1939
1939 RP for
f S Serial
i C Control and C
Communications
i i Vehicle
i Network
J1939-01 Truck and Bus Specific
J1939-02 Construction and Agriculture Specific (same as ISO 11783-
11783-1)
J1939-03 On Board Diagnostics Implementation Guide
J1939-05 OBD for Marine Spark-
Spark-Ignition Sterndrive and Inboard Engines
J1939-11 Physical Layer Shielded Twisted Pair with Drain
J1939-12 Physical Layer Twisted Quad , Active Terminators (ISO 11783
11783--2)
J1939-13 Diagnostic Connector (9 Pins)
J1939-15 Physical Layer Twisted Pair
J1939-21 Data Link Layer
J1939-31 Network Layer
J1939-71 Applications Layer
J1939-73 Application Layer, Diagnostics
J1939-74 Application Configurable Messaging
J1939-75 Application
pp Layer
Layer
y Generator Sets and Industrial
J1939-81 Network Management
J1939-84 OBD Communications Compliance Test Cases For Heavy Duty Veh.
22--24 September 2009
22 4
 J1939 Documents
Documents, On
OnRoad OBD
Document Abbreviated Document Title
J1939 RP for Serial Control and Communications Vehicle
Network
J1939-03 On Board Diagnostics
g Implementation
p Guide
J1939-11 Physical Layer Shielded Twisted Pair with Drain
J1939-13 Diagnostic Connector (9 Pins)
J1939-15 Physical Layer Twisted Pair
J1939-21 Data Link Layer
J1939-71 Applications
pp Layer
y
J1939-73 Application Layer, Diagnostics
J1939-819 Network Management
J1939-84 OBD Communications Compliance Test Cases For Heavy
Duty Veh.
22--24 September 2009
22 5
 Synopsis of Application Layers
Subject Area J1939-71, J1939-73, J1939-75, etc.

Control, multiplexing, information

Application categories sharing, diagnostics and proprietary

Engines main control message 5 35 ms

Labels / messages
g assigned
g and 1018973 PGNs 93579028 SPNs
(available) (8676) (524,288)
Dynamic: 0 / (39)
Addresses assigned and (available) Other: 168 / (215)

Network utilization allowed and (used) 100% / ~65%

65%

22--24 September 2009

22 6
May 2009 ARB Hearing OBD & HD
OOBD
BD Additions
EI--AECDs tracking added to HD OBD
EI
same as OBD II so DM33 meets requirement
New Data Stream parameters
Many already in J1939
S h as Di
Such Diesell P
Particulate
ti l t Filt
Filter and
dSSelective
l ti
Catalytic Reduction system parameters

22--24 September 2009

22 7
May 2009 ARB Hearing OBD & HD
OOBD
BD Additions
New Data Stream parameters
Boost Pressure Closed loop Control Status
[open or closed loop]
Alcohol fuel percentage
Type of fuel currently being used
NOx adsorber regeneration status
NOx adsorber deSOx status
Hybrid Battery pack remaining charge
Distance traveled while low/empty
p y SCR reductant driver
warming/inducement active
Normalized trigger for PM Filter regeneration SPN 5466
Average time between PM filter regeneration

22--24 September 2009

22 8
May 2009 ARB Hearing OBD & HD
OOBD
BD Additions
New Data Stream parameters
ARB requirement
i t - Normalized
N li d ttrigger
i ffor PM Filt
Filter regeneration
ti
SPN 5466
Aftertreatment 1 Diesel Particulate Filter Soot Load Regeneration Threshold

This parameter indicates the value that will first cause DPF regeneration in
aftertreatment 1. There may be multiple parameters that cause DPF
regeneration (e.g. Percent Soot Load, DPF delta pressure converted to
normalized percentage, etc..).

100% isi theth level

l l att which
hi h active
ti diesel
di l particulate
ti l t filt
filter regeneration
ti should
h ld
be triggered. 100% level is the active regeneration trigger level (and if
conditions are not favorable for regeneration, soot loading can continue
beyond 100%). During normal operation and regeneration a value 0% will
indicate a fully regenerated diesel particulate filter. Values of 25%, 50% and
75% willill iindicate
di t ththe generall llevell off soott prior
i tto th
the 100% llevell where
h an
active regeneration is needed.
0 to 160.6375 %
0.0025 %/bit

22--24 September 2009

22 9
 J1939 Status
J1939 updates continue quarterly to add
content for automotive, construction,
agriculture,
g marine, and stationary
yppower.
J1939 Companion Spreadsheet of messages
and parameters published multiple times a
year
J1939-71, new version balloted in August
J1939-
2009.
2009
Many new parameters added for 2010
emission solutions

22--24 September 2009

22 10
 J1939 Status (continued)
J1939--73 in ballot iteration process now
J1939 now,
changes include:
DM5 and DM26,
DM26 clarified bit names and that
they represent the summary status of multiple
monitors
Monitor Ratios (DM20), table 18 and
explanation
p expanded
p

22--24 September 2009

22 11
 J1939--73 OBD Monitor Performance Ratios
J1939
Table
T bl 18 ((example)
l )

A B D C E F G
Required by Engine
Regulation Type
Reported [D]iesel, [G]as
Row # SPN # SPN Name Tracked (See Table 2) Regulatory Required System & Sub-System Monitor [DG]Diesel & Gas
Aftertreatment NMHC Converting
1 H,J NMHC CONVERTING CATALYST MONITOR D
Catalyst System Monitor
5322 H,J
2 Yes Conversion Efficiency D
3 Yes H,J Other Aftertreatment Assistance Functions D
4 Catalyst Bank 1 System Monitor, H,J CATALYST MONITOR G
3050
5 Yes H,J Conversion Efficiency G
HJ
H,J
6 Aftertreatment 1 SCR System Monitor NOX CONVERTING CATALYST D
4792
7 Yes H,J Catalyst Efficiency D
Independent
8 SPN # May Improper Reductant D
& Optional

22--24 September 2009

22 12
 J1939-73 OBD Monitor Ratios
J1939-
Table 18 ((example))
A B D C E
Required by
Regulation
Reported
R
Row # SPN # SPN N
Name T
Tracked
k d (S Table
(See T bl 2) R
Aftertreatment NMHC Converting
1 H,J NMH
Catalyst System Monitor
5322
2 Yes H,J C
3 Yes H,J O
4 Catalyst Bank 1 System Monitor, H,J CAT
3050
5 Yes H,J C
H,J
6 Aftertreatment 1 SCR System Monitor NOX
4792
7 Yes H,J C
Independent
p
8 SPN # May Im
& Optional

22--24 September 2009

22 13
 J1939-73 OBD Monitor Ratios
J1939-
Table 18 ((example))
A B F G
Engine
Type
Reported [D]iesel, [G]as
Row # SPN # Regulatory Required System & Sub-System
Sub System Monitor [DG]Diesel & Gas

1 NMHC CONVERTING CATALYST MONITOR D

5322
2 Conversion Efficiency D
3 Other Aftertreatment Assistance Functions D
4 CATALYST MONITOR G
3050
5 Conversion Efficiency G
6 NOX CONVERTING CATALYST D
4792
7 Catalyst Efficiency D
8 SPN # Improper Reductant D

22--24 September 2009

22 14
 J1939 Status (continued)
J1939-73 in ballot iteration p
J1939- process now, changes
g
include: (continued)
DM5 and DM26, clarified bit names and that they represent the
summary status of multiple monitors
Monitor Ratios (DM20), table 18 and explanation expanded
Appendix A updated to provide recommended FMI usage
Appendix I added to better explain the proper setting of the Lamp
Status and Flash Lamp Status parameters to convey each of the
different lamp operation conditions. Needed for WWH OBD.
Appendix J added to show OBD readiness (DM5) concept
DM7 additions for requesting all test results relative to one SPN.
That is all SPN/FMI combinations.

22--24 September 2009

22 15
 Command Test Service DM7
0=Reserved
1-64=Component Mfr Defined DM8 Resp
PGN: 58112 65-246=Reserved
247=Return all scaled test results for one SPN
Transmission Rate: As needed 248=Cmd Mfr Test DM30 Response
249=Cmd Std Test DM30 Response
Data Length: 8 250=Rtn Last Scaled Results DM30 Resp

Byte
B t 1 Test
T t Identifier
Id tifi (TID) 8 bits
bit
Byte 2 SPN 19 bits
CA

Identifies the component / system that

Byte 3
AN Data F

will
ill be
b tested
d (when
( h TID=248-250).
TID 248 2 0)
Byte 4 FMI 5 bits
Byte 5 SAE Reserved 40 bits
Field

Byte 6
Identifies the FMI representing the test(s)
Byte 7 to be run on the component / system that
will be tested (when TID=248-250)
Byte 8

22--24 September 2009

22 16
 Command Test Service DM7
0=Reserved
1-64=Component Mfr Defined DM8 Resp
PGN: 58112 65-246=Reserved
247=Return all scaled test results for one SPN
Transmission Rate: As needed 248=Cmd Mfr Test DM30 Response
249=Cmd Std Test DM30 Response
Data Length: 8 250=Rtn Last Scaled Results DM30 Resp

Byte
B t 1 Test
T t Identifier
Id tifi (TID) 8 bits
bit
Byte 2 SPN 19 bits
CA

Identifies the component / system that

Byte 3
AN Data F

will
ill be
b tested
d (when
( h TID=248-250).
TID 248 2 0)
Byte 4 FMI 5 bits
TID notes: Byte 5 SAE Reserved 40 bits
[1] TID 247 shall return all the test results for the SPN
SPN. When 247 is provided as the TID the FMI
Field

shall be 31. Byte 6 can query for test results without knowledge of the specific FMI used by a
Scan tools
given manufacturers system. The SPNs indicated by DM24, Identifies the test
as having FMI results,
representing the test(s)
may therefore
be queried using
ByteTest
7 Identifier 247. to be run on the component / system that
will be tested (when TID=248-250)
[2] SPN 4175 Byte 8 Particulate Filter Active Regeneration Forced Status) with an FMI of 31 shall be
(Diesel
used with TID 249 to provide a common means for scan-tool user requests to regenerate a DPF PM
aftertreatment system.
22--24 September 2009
22 17
 J1939 Status (continued)
J1939--84,
J1939 84 the scan tool test document
document, is
in ballot now containing the content for
2013 compliance.
compliance
J2403 Diagnostic Terms, Definitions and
Acronyms update to be complete in 2009
2009.
Work in progress to define a 500k version
off J1939

22--24 September 2009

22 18
 Question & Answers
For an OBD product is DM3 used for Diagnostic
Data Clear / Reset?
Answer:
No, just DM11.
DM11 (Active)
Prior to OBD this service was used to just clear active DTCs
For OBD this service is used to clear all Diagnostic Data
(including previously active and active DTCs)
This service is required
q for OBD compliance.
p
DM3 (Previously Active)
Prior to HD OBD DM3 was used to clear previously active DTCs
This service is not used for OBD compliance

22--24 September 2009

22 19
Question & Answers (continued)
What are the desired responses
p for incorrect
DM7 Commanded Tests?
Answer:
If DM7 or the specific
p test identifier or the SPN and
FMI is not supported, then a NACK is required (SAE
J1939--21 PGN 59392) to be returned.
J1939

Do the OBD readiness bits and the Performance

Monitor Ratios that are reported have the same
one
o e to many
a y relationship?
e at o s p
Answer:
No, ARB indicates they are independent.

22--24 September 2009

22 20
Question & Answers (continued)
What DM is used to convey the MIL state?
Answer:
DM1 is used to convey the MIL state.

Is DM1 sent only when there are Active

DTC ?
DTCs?
Answer:
No with the SAE 2006 publication of J1939
No, J1939--
73 DM1 became a periodic message and is
sent every
y 1 second.

22--24 September 2009

22 21
Question & Answers (continued)
Should DM29 (DTCs Count) report the count of both
active
ti andd previously
i l active
ti P Permanentt DTC
DTCs?
?
Answer:
No, permanent DTCs only exist as active.

What should the response be if the CVN (calibration

verification number) in DM19 is in the process of being
computed
p after a reflash?
Answer:
If DM19 is requested using the destination specific method or
using the global method before computation of the Calibration
Verification Number is complete then the responder shall send
the Acknowledgement PGN with the mode set to three to
indicate that the tool should request DM19 at a later time. The
tool should wait 30 seconds and re-
re-try, until successful.

22--24 September 2009

22 22
Question & Answers (continued)
Euro VI is p
planning
g to use the Worldwide
Harmonized OBD, does J1939 have the
messages to support the different classes of
DTCs and support
pp the Discriminatory y
Malfunction indicator?
Answer:
Yes, these were added back in 2006.
Does EURO VI using WWH OBD require new
DTCs to be defined?
Answer:
A
No, the SPNs and FMIs currently defined and the new
ones being added for new emission solutions are
designed to be used
used.

22--24 September 2009

22 23
Questions?

Mark Stepper
Director OBD
O and Service
S Information
f
Cummins Inc.
m.r.stepper@cummins.com
812 377 5729
 Supplemental Slides
J1939 Synopsis
y p
(slides 26-
26-35)
Failure Mode Indicator Range Model
(slides 36-
36-44)
Diagnostic Message Summaries,
DM1 through DM52
(Slid 45-
(Slides 45-79)
Required OBD message support for:
(Slides
(S des 80
80--90)
US
EU
WWH

22--24 September 2009

22 25