Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Screening 1
P.E.P.S.I. Screening
Bella Sanabria-Roman
P.E.P.S.I. Screening
BIography
Background information
Lailaisanelevenyearoldgirlcurrentlyenrolledinthefifthgrade.Shesaysthather
favoritepartofschoolistheendofthedayandshereallyenjoysrecessbecauseshecanplay
withherfriends.Sheisinvolvedintheschoolchoirandsaysthatsheenjoysbakingandcreating
art.HermotherinformedmethatsheenjoyswatchingDuffGoldmanbakeonNetflix.Shesays
thatsheenjoysschoolandplayingwithherfriends.Onethingthatsheenjoysplayingissoccer.
Shecurrentlyliveswithhermotherandherstepfather.Sheistheoldestandhasthreeyounger
siblings.Shespendstimewithhermotherduringtheweekandspendstimewithherfather
duringtheweekends.WhenobservingherInoticedthatshewasveryhelpfulandresponsible
whenitcametohelpingherfamily.Shewouldlookoutforheryoungersiblingandalsohelp
clean.OverallLailaseemsveryenergeticandfriendly.Shewasverypoliteduringthetimethat
wespokeandinthetimeIveknownher.Shecurrentlyresidesinahouseinthesuburbs.Her
parentsseemtobeofmiddleclass.Shereportsthathergradesinschoolarerelativelygood.She
hasbeendiagnosedwithHashimotos.UnfortunatelyIwasunabletoobtaininformationonifthis
affectshercurrentlyorifsheistakinganymedication.Ididlearnthatshepreviouslydidtake
medicationforthis.Hermotherspregnancyhadsomecomplicationsbecauseshehad
gallbladderissuesandlost36pounds.LailawasontimeandwasdeliveredviaCsection.
P.E.P.S.I. Screening 3
Physical Development
Analysis
Laila is four feet and eleven and a half inches tall. Her current weight is 122 pounds.
When I inputted these numbers into the CDCs BMI calculator it came back that she had a
healthy weight. (BMI) Although a number of children at this stage of development may try
illegal substances (Ellsworth) Laila stated that she was not involved with any drugs or Alcohol
and that most of the kids at her school are good. Children at this age may also begin to
experiment with sex. (Ellsworth) However, during the interview she said that she was not boy
crazy and seemed to make a disgusted face. From this information I can conclude that she is not
involved in any sexual activity. At this age children may be more prone to accident and injury
due to them involving themselves in prohibited activity in a way to seem more adult. (Ellsworth)
Laila however did not appear to be anxious to try anything particularly dangerous. Overall
during our visits there were no observable injuries and no mention of recent injuries. Her mother
had stated that she had become less active than when she was younger so she doesnt seem to be
exposed to activities that would lead to injuries as much. She does fit the profile of being taller
and thin as most girls her age are. (Ellsworth) She seems to be growing at a steady pace and there
were no mentions of complications with growth when I spoke to her mother. She is not dealing
with any ache problems or blemishes and Menstruation has not occurred yet. These are bodily
changes that affect girls her age. (Ellsworth) She mentioned that she does not spend much time
on the computer and that she enjoys playing tag with her friends during recess. From this I think
that her physical activity seems to be good. She also stated that she plays soccer. Late maturing
P.E.P.S.I. Screening 4
girls at this age tend to more closely resemble feminine stereotypes. (Snowman) Early maturing
girls tend to be taller and heavier. (Snowman) I think that Laila fits more into the late maturing
Emotional Development
Analysis
Atthisstagechildrenexperienceindustryvsinferiority.(Snowman)Iobservedfrommy
interviewsthatLailaseemstobedevelopingasenseofindustry.Shereportedthatshedoeswell
inschoolwhichmeanssheislearningtherolesthatsheneedstofunctioninasociety.She
reportedthatsheenjoysschool.FromthisIthinkthatIcansaythatbecauseshefeelsthatsheis
doingwellinschoolandschoolteachesustherolesnecessarytofunctioninasocietyshefeela
senseofindustryandnotinferiority.Wegainasenseofindustrywhenwemastertheskills
necessaryforoursociety.(Erik)Shestatedthatsheworkshardinschoolandviewsgradesas
important.Ialsothinkthatsheisdevelopingsocialskillsandmakingfriends.Atthisagemany
girlsbecomeboycrazy(Ellsworth)howeverduringourconversationsheexpresseddisgustin
boysandsaidthatshewasnotinterestedinthem.Iamunsureifthiswasduetothefactthather
parentswerealsointheroom.Shedidhowevermentionthatherfriendsareinterestedinboys.It
issaidthatchildrenatthisagearemoody(Ellsworth)howeverthroughouttheseveraltimesI
haveinteractedwithLailashewasrelativelycalm.Duringtheinterviewwhenaskingquestions
suchaswhatshewouldliketodointhefutureandhowsheexpressesherselfitwasmetwitha
slightbitofambivalence.Perhapsthiscanbeattributedtochangeinschoolscomingup.Sheis
preparingtomakethetransitionfromelementaryschooltomiddleschool.Thiscanleadtoa
reevaluationintheirsenseofindustryastheroletheyplayinsocietychanges.
P.E.P.S.I. Screening 6
Philosophical Development
Analysis
Childrenatthisageareofteninvolvedinblackandwhitereasoning(Ellsworth)soI
attemptedtodiscusswithhersomeissuessothatIcouldunderstandhermoralreasoning.During
ourconversationswediscussedifshewasbeingbulliedorifanyoneinherclasswas.Shestated
thatthestudentswererelativelygoodandthattheydidnthaveanybadkidsandthatthere
werenogangsordrugs..DuringthisconversationIthinkIcouldseethatshestillengagingin
blackandwhitereasoninglabelingsomekidsasbad.Whenwediscussedherfeelingson
bullyingshesaidthatitmadeherfeelsadbecausethechildwhowasbulliedwasnotstrong
enoughtofightback.Shesaiditmadeherfeelbadthattheywerehurt.Although,fromthis
statementitdoesappearthatsheisbeginningtotransitionintoKholbergsthirdstageof
morality,whichisgoodboy,nicegirl.(Ellsworth)Inthisstagemoralityisbehaviorthathelpsor
pleasesothers.(Snowman)Sheexhibitsanunderstandingofwantingtodowhatishelpfuland
obtainingtheapprovalofothers.AlthoughIamnotsureifitisthecasebecausetheinterview
wasnotconductedoneononeandalsoIamfamilymembershedoesappeartowanttobegood
whilewithherfamily.Childrenatthisagewanttoappeargoodwiththeirfamiliesbutalso
attempttobeacceptedbytheirpeers.(Ellsworth)Duringourtalkshealsodiscussedhowsome
ofherfriendswereboycrazyandseemedtobenervoussayingthatoneofthemhadaboyfriend
especiallywithherparentsbeingwithus.Thisdemonstratesthatthereisapressureforherto
wanttobeperceivedasgoodandapressuretonotbeperceivedasgoody(Ellsworth)byher
peers.
P.E.P.S.I. Screening 7
Social Development
Analysis
Sheseemstobetterfitthe10yearoldguidesforsocialdevelopmentinthesensethatshe
seemstoexpresstotalconfidenceinadults.Thatisherteachermomandotherparentalfigures.
Duringtheinterviewsheseemedtobepleasanthappyanddocile(Ellsworth)Shealsoseemedto
fitthegenerallyfriendlyandexpectotherstoexhibitkindnessthatisprevalentamongchildren
atthisage.(Ellsworth)Atthisagechildrendevelopinterpersonalreasoning.(Snowman)Atthis
agechildrenareabletotakeathirdpartyviewinsocialsituations.Whenwewerediscussinga
movieLailawasabletoelaborateonthemotivesofthecharactersinamoviesherecently
watched.Wediscussedthatthemainmotivesofthecharacterweretopursueherdreamsand
makeherfamilyhappy.Shedidstillseemtoexpresssomeofstage2inregardstointerpersonal
reasoning.Shestilllabeledsomekidsasbadandpartofreasoninginstage3isrecognizing
thatovertactionsdontnecessarilyreflectinnerfeelings.(Snowman)Ithinkperhaps
understandingmotivesbehindbadkidsactionswassomethingIdidntseesothatiswhyI
perceivethingsthisway.Childrenatthisagearealsostillreliantontheirfamilyasopposedto
theirpeergroup.AtthisagestudentsarealsoatEriksonsstageofindustryvs.inferiority.
(Beckett)Childrenatthisagewilldevelopasenseofcompetenceandbelieveintheirabilityto
thinkanddothings.(Beckett)Ifstudentsfeelasenseofinferioritytheywillhavefeelingsof
P.E.P.S.I. Screening 8
inadequacy.(Beckett)Ithinkthatsheisdevelopingasenseofindustryasshedoesreceive
encouragementanddemonstratedthatshefeelsconfidentinherabilitiestothinkanddothings.
Intellectual Development
Analysis
At this stage in their life children are usually in the concrete operational stage. This stage
typically lasts from Elementary to Early middle school. Children in this age bracket range
between seven to twelve years old. (Beckett) When I was speaking to Laila was able to learn that
she does indeed have a grasp of conservation. When discussing if there would be more liquid if
you poured something into a taller glass she said that she had learned about it in school and
understood it was the same amount. When we drew together she was also able to classify the
different types of materials such as markers, colored pencils, and acrylics. Classification is
another concrete operational structure. (Beckett) It is also noted that grades and success can
become very important to students at this age. (Ellsworth) Laila when discussing this said that
she enjoyed having good grades but was satisfied with what she got. She did not express the
process of getting good grades to be competitive. At this age students also state that they know
things when they may not be certain. (Ellsworth) I think an example of this might be when we
talked about good and bad and she stated that there were no bad kids in her school. Although I
cant be sure because maybe she did feel that she was certain in her facts. She demonstrated a
high level of self-efficacy. Levels of self-efficacy are demonstrated by how a student believes in
their capability in dealing with one type of task or another. (Snowman) Laila said that she
believed she was good at school and that she was able to solve problems.
P.E.P.S.I. Screening 9
Results
Graph
.
P.E.P.S.I. Screening 10
Recommendations
Conclusion
Based on what I observed my recommendations for Laila are as follows. First, I would
say that her physical health seemed to be just on average for where a child her age should be. I
think that perhaps if she really wanted to she could participate in more sports but only if she felt
this to be a relevant interest. As for her Emotional development I would encourage her parents to
keep allowing her to explore her interests. She seems to be transitioning into the next stage,
which is identity vs. role confusion. I would say that overall she seems to be right where she
needs to be at emotionally for her age. There are some things that didnt line up exactly such a
boy craziness however, I wouldnt say that this is enough to say she is not meeting the average.
Philosophically she seems to be right on average. She still engages is some black and white
thinking and she expresses the second level of Kohlbergs conventional morality. I would
recommend that if her parents would like to head in the above average direction that they might
engage her in conversations after she reads. She had mentioned that she enjoys reading so
looking at character motivation and analyzing the text would help her to further develop her
critical thinking skills. Especially as she begins to head towards early adolescence and begins to
attempt to develop a personal belief system I feel that it could be beneficial. In regards to her
social development Laila seems to be slightly below average. I would recommend perhaps more
P.E.P.S.I. Screening 11
involvement in-group activities. It may also be that she is just progressing at a slower rate and
will begin to hit this mark later. Often children at her age become disobedient and highly value
their peers. Overall I would encourage her parents to be supportive and encouraging and make
appeared to me to be average. She says that she does well and in school and comprehends the
material. I think that if her parents would like to see above average then my only
recommendation would be to keep encouraging her in school and if she struggles with any
References
Beckett, C., & Taylor, H. (2016). Human growth and development. London: SAGE.
BMI Percentile Calculator for Child and Teen English Version. (n.d.). Retrieved December 3,
http://jan.ucc.nau.edu/~jde7/ese504/class/pepsi/PEPSIObserv/year11.html
Erik H. Erikson: A lifes work [Video file]. (1991). Retrieved December 8, 2016, from
http://fod.infobase.com/PortalPlaylists.aspx?wID=97822&xtid=44901
Snowman, J., & McCown, R. R. (2015). Psychology applied to teaching. Australia: Cengage
Learning.