The National Higher Education Strategic Plan is prepared with the aim of

producing human capital that supports the thrust of the National Mission in
order to improve knowledge capability and the nation is innovations, as well
as to inspire human capital with first class mentality.

a. List Two (2) factors based on Second Thrust to support the statement
above. Discuss.

Second Thrust:

Quality graduates can be produced through enrichment of students

learning experience, improvement in the quality of curriculum and teaching
staff, and provision of fully functional and sufficient infrastructure. This thrust
is aimed at providing an effective and holistic learning experience to produce
graduates who are enterprising, marketable and globally competitive. It is
also to ensure that the innovative teaching approach is of quality, relevant
and dynamic in line with the current trends and future development needs.

STRATEGY 1:

Regularly monitor and assess the implementation of the curriculum and

review its relevancy.

ACTIVITIES:

Engage representatives from industry, trade and commerce

associations, training and research institutes, and professional bodies
for input on best practices with respect to methodology, content and
technology as well as current aspects of curriculum development.
Benchmark curriculum against Standards.
Develop the curriculum incorporating teaching and learning
methodologies with innovative and international perspectives that
meet current and future needs.
Comply with the Malaysian Qualifications Framework (MQF)

STRATEGY 2:
Enhance the teaching and associated learning experiences.

ACTIVITIES:

Promote and strengthen an innovative teaching approach that is

relevant, dynamic and current to produce versatile and marketable
graduates.
Enhance a multidisciplinary curriculum and student centred approach
to learning. The methodologies used include problem based learning,
case study and collaborative learning that build critical and scientific
thinking, and knowledge management to become more confident and
skilful in writing, public presentation and interaction.
Further enrich the value-added programmers via initiatives such as
professional certificates in accountancy, ICT, and computer software to
prepare professional graduates for the global market.
Provide learning opportunities for students to be proficient in a third
language such as Mandarin, Tamil, Arabic, Japanese, French or Spanish,
in addition to mastering the English language and Bahasa Malaysia
with the required supporting infrastructure.
Intensify the use of English language among lecturers and students
especially in the teaching and learning of science, mathematics and
technical subjects.
Intensify sports and cultural activities to produce knowledgeable and
high performance graduates.
Strengthen the student assessment system by emphasizing outcome
based learning.
Upgrade student support service centres in all our institutions to
facilitate student learning and participation in co-curricular activities
such as clubs and associations, uniform corps and community work.

KPI

Percentage of graduate employed according to the relevant fields of

study.
Percentage of academic staff acquiring the PhD & Masters.
Percentage or positive students assessment on teaching and learning.
CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS:

Implementation of the MQF and quality assurance procedures that are

able to assure the public about the quality of our education.
Involvement of the industrial sector in developing curricula to further
improve the marketability, relevance and skills of graduates.
Our institutions capacity to adopt the most effective pedagogical
practices to assure the stakeholders about the quality of our education.

b. Describe briefly the enculturation of lifelong learning that contribute to

the inspiring human capital with first class mentality. Give example.

INTRODUCTION

Lifelong learning is a process of democratization of education which includes

acquisition program knowledge, skills and competency either through formal
or informal based on experience and training in the workplace. Global
competitiveness and diversification requirements demanded of individuals
that are constantly renewing their knowledge and skills. It is also demanded
by employers and industry to improve productivity. At the same time, in line
with the countrys socio-economic development, people are becoming more
aware and appreciate the need for enrichment of knowledge and skills for
the advancement and self-sufficiency. For that, PSH through distance
education, e -learning, workplace learning and part-time has become part of
the culture and way of life is to support the development of human capital in
line with the needs of a knowledge economy and innovation. By 2020, PSH
recognition regardless of time and place in accordance with normal practice
MQF.

CURRENT STATUS
Generally, PSH has the concept to suit individual needs and employment in
addition to creating active citizens and social equality. Third Outline
Perspective Plan (2001-2010) has emphasized the promotion of LLL to
provide the facility to update their knowledge and improve their skills even
after formal education and training. PSH implemented by the IPT approach is
through distance education, flexible education, recognition of work
experience (recognition of prior learning) and short course offerings for the
enhancement of knowledge and skills. Distance education has long existed in
many countries and has been regarded as a model of education that can
promote policies PSH. In addition, students also have changed in terms of the
increasing age and how to learn the various modes without the limitation of
time and place. The main target group of PSH is working adults, housewives
and senior citizens, who want to contribute to the country, improve
themselves and diversify skills.

Rebranding community college was launched by Prime Minister on February

2, 2007. Branding is intended to improve the quality of human capital
development through offering diploma programs, and encourage
collaboration between community colleges with private and government-
linked companies. In addition, under the new brand, the government also
provides financial assistance to deserving students at the certificate level.
Preparation and implementation of the curriculum in the diploma program is
being developed by the Department of Polytechnic and Community College.
Reforms implemented by involving community colleges offer courses
relevant to industry needs and strengthening strategic networks which aim
to produce competitive students and increase job opportunities.

In addition, the university provides Lifelong Learning program through

program development, executive, part-time and distance. To develop the
basis for Lifelong Learning, the distance education to remote areas has been
developed with the establishment of public libraries, regional learning
centers, museums, libraries move, periodicals and satellite transmission. To
increase participation in the Lifelong Learning Institution, the incentive
should be to private institutions operating in less developed and rural areas.

To support and accelerate the acculturation of Lifelong Learning , ICT and

technology has been used extensively through the use of websites, internet,
mobile learning, e -learning, virtual learning, distance learning and others.
Methods of teaching and learning Lifelong Learning are not only a more cost
effective, but also easy for students to study because they can learn virtually
without having to attend classes physically all the time. With the
establishment of the MQA, special programs will be accredited Lifelong
Learning including those undertaken in conjunction with foreign universities.

CHALLENGES

Higher education system should be more flexible and responsive to provide

individuals that were able to Lifelong Learning. It should also provide space
and recognition framework that allows the mobility of students through a
variety of educational paths. It is thus able to increase the participation of
various groups and give a second chance to pursue higher education after
they did not get their first opportunity to attend due to a barrier or
constraint. In this context, the challenge is how to increase the participation
of many members of the public regardless of the age limit to participate in
Lifelong Learning.

Various institutions of higher education involved in the preparation of

Lifelong Learning which includes not only the institution of higher learning
established exclusively for the purpose of Lifelong Learning, but also other
conventional institutions of higher learning are also offering courses under
this rule. Therefore, the research should be conducted to determine whether
conventional institutions of higher learning to focus on full-time courses are
also involved providing Lifelong Learning program. This is because of the
expense to be borne by the government each year to fund the Public Higher
Education Institutions and the benefits that can be obtained if only
conventional institutions of higher learning specializing in their core.
However, for advanced study program organized by the Public Higher
Education Institutions to be financially independent, such a program should
be continued.

Lifelong Learning Policy is not a new thing and before this policy was enacted
by the various ministries and agencies. For example, the Public Services
Department for Lifelong Learning policies to increase the level of
professionalism among civil servants. Meanwhile, the Ministry of Human
Resources formulate Lifelong Learning to meet the needs of diverse skills,
specialization in industrial and human resource development. As a
complement to the policy or plan of Lifelong Learning is implemented by
ministries / departments / agencies, higher education institutions will also
implement Lifelong Learning program.

OBJECTIVES

Core objectives are as follows:

i. Ensure PSH become a lifestyle Malaysians to equip themselves with

knowledge and skills for life.
ii. PSH as a catalyst for the creation of learning organizations in every
organization.

STRATEGY

To achieve the above objectives, the following strategies are recommended:

i. Improve mechanisms and infrastructure to facilitate PSH as a tool to

add a variety of knowledge and skills according to their interests
and needs in enriching the quality of life of individuals.
ii. Raising awareness and participation among the public in order to
tap the potential of self through the PSH in order to produce a
positive impact in terms of productivity, competitiveness and
employability through increased promotion of LLL.
iii. Preserve the continuity and recognition of PSH.
 iv. Provide necessary funding support to develop PSH.

ACTION PLAN BY 2020

Mechanisms and infrastructure

To improve the mechanisms and infrastructure of higher education, the

following measures will be implemented:

i. Establish a National Committee under the Lifelong Learning

Education and Training Advisory Council, chaired by the Deputy
Prime Minister. The committee will be co-chairman by the Minister of
Higher Education and the Minister of Human Resources. The council
will consist of representatives from the ministries / departments /
agencies, the private sector and NGOs. The committee will
encourage all institutions of post-secondary education and training
and higher education mobilized in the implementation of Lifelong
Learning. The Committee will formulate, coordinate and oversee the
implementation of a policy to create the culture of Lifelong
Learning.
ii. Build and develop lifelong learning programs at institutions of
higher learning through the preparation and implementation of the
curriculum, courseware, e-learning and competency-based program.
iii. Providing route linking qualifications and prior learning recognition
mechanism through MQF in formal or non-formal courses and on the
job experience and volunteer activities of credit made for admission
to the program.
iv. Strengthen the role of community colleges as a hub for Lifelong
Learning curriculum, courses and establish cooperative relationships
with agencies that develop programs entrepreneurship and other
local communities.
v. Encourage state and local authorities to take advantage of
polytechnics, community colleges, universities and training
institutions under the ministries and agencies that implement PSH
 and continuing education programs to train local human resources
in various fields.
vi. Modeled on Lifelong Learning in South Korea to provide the
infrastructure needed to improve its Lifelong Learning program in
the country.
vii. Adding Lifelong Learning enrollment up 10 percent at the diploma
and degree with flexible entry requirements.
viii. Encourage open universities offer more programs at the masters
and PhD.

Recognition of Lifelong Learning

To streamline the recognition of Lifelong Learning, the following measures

will be implemented:

i. Recognize other ministry training program for entry into institutions

of higher learning under the MQF program. Recognition of credit
hours will be evaluated based on the criteria that will be pursued in
the effort of subject in a program course.
ii. Simplify offer modular courses to suit the participants. Under this
method, the number of credits for a module can be collected and
used to study for the next module at any other time, whether at the
certificate, diploma and degree programs.

Improving promotion

To encourage more and more people join Lifelong Learning, the following
measures will be implemented:

i. Provide facilities for community information and learning materials

easily Lifelong Learning (such as kiosks Lifelong Learning).
ii. Develop and Lifelong Learning emphasizes awareness through the
promotion of various media such as:

Broadcast radio and television specials for Lifelong Learning;

 Using role models, especially the leader of the state in promoting
Lifelong Learning;

Organize campaigns with themes like education at your door step;

Making Lifelong Learning as a passion (passion); and

Establish a Lifelong Learning Society national level.

Support funding.

To strengthen the culture of Lifelong Learning program, the following

measures will be implemented:

i. Continuing financial assistance to high school graduates from poor,

urban and rural, natives of Sabah and Sarawak, the indigenous
people and persons with disabilities (PWDs) who are studying in
institutions of higher learning.
ii. Reviewing incentives such as income tax deduction to the employer
or sponsoring company employees Lifelong Learning program,
including education and training in the workplace.
iii. Study the possibility of tax incentives to colleges that offer courses
for Lifelong Learning.
iv. Establish a fund specialized training for Institutions of Higher
Learning Lifelong Learning program run by:
Institutions that have partnered with the Ministry of Human
Resources, the employer or the industry in creating new jobs.
Institutions that implement entrepreneurship training along
with other government agencies to graduate entrepreneurs
and small and medium entrepreneurs.
Program of distance or e-learning for higher education from
developing and offering training programs through such
methods.
Training to improve professionalism in the local community.

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

 In developing human capital through Lifelong Learning culture to support
knowledge and innovation-based economy by the year 2020, the following
factors will be considered:

Monitoring the effectiveness of the implementation of Lifelong

Learning;
Coordination between federal, state and local authorities on the
implementation of PSH; and
Allocation of funds necessary to implement Lifelong Learning.

EXAMPLE

1. Among simple example is that, when there is a result of the

introduction of new technology to the farmers, who were aged and the
technology may give pleasure to their jobs. The farmers have a choice
to tolerate the presence of such equipment and continue traditional
practices. But if they take advantage of the technology, surely
productivity will be increased. Time can be saved and give extra
quality time for family and community, and in turn will improve their
lives easier.

2. Groups Preschool Teacher

Group of preschool teachers exist in many places around the country.

They come in a huge amount of quantity. They are able to birth in a
professional if they are combined under the "Education for Life". They
are assisted by professional experts in the fields as follows:

a. Techniques for dealing with preschool children.

b. Method of producing behavioral development education
preschoolers.
c. The techniques for producing cultures of clean, bold, healthy,
beautiful, patient, accommodating and so on.

CONCLUSION
 Features of Lifelong Education are learning from humans born diligent
search and add knowledge. It happens continuously throughout the life of
humans. Every human being healthy and active (physical and mental) ability
to enter the Lifelong Education. But in the absence of expert and professional
groups, mentoring and leadership, Lifelong Education is not easy to set up.
Should be noted that the Lifelong Education will develop naturally.

Our society needs training.

Our society needs guidance.
Our society needs a boost.
Our society needs reading material that is relevant to their lives.
Reading materials should be supplied in an interesting, systematic and
continuous

Lifelong learning must become a way of life of Malaysians who are hungry
for knowledge and strive to improve skills and personal development to
achieve whatever their goals and objectives. Each individual can pursue
Lifelong Learning regardless of where they are, in any circumstance or
situation, age and background. Efforts made by the ministry to give
recognition and to add routes Lifelong Learning is a continuation of the
strategy implemented by various ministries and agencies. Lifelong learning
can be an individual cultures of various ethnic groups in Malaysia which
could contribute to the development of quality human capital and thus to the
country. In conclusion, the Ministry of Higher Education has a role in efforts to
bolster the growth of Lifelong Learning through enhancing the quality of
teaching and learning, providing ratings, improved access to tertiary
education and the improvement of various modes and routes to each
individual.

REFERENCES

1. Department of Polytechnic and Community College Education, (2005).

DCCPE Strategic Plan 2005 2010, 25.
2. http://www.mohe.gov.my/portal/images/utama/penerbitan/direktoriPSH
2012.pdf