Chapter 1

1. Define Critical Thinking

- Thinking in a rational, objective, and or analytical way in which we
are informed about a current event or circumstance.
2. Define Public Advocacy
- To take action whether is supporting or against an issue that involves a
community or society.
3. Three factors in effective Public Speaking
-Natural ability
- Instruction
- Practice (experience)
4. First Amendment (five personal freedoms w/o government interference)
-Speech
-Religion
-Petition
-Press
-Assembly
Chapter 2
1. Ethical responsibilities of speaker
2. Difference between hearing and listening
-Hearing: Perceiving sounds by the ear, Listening: consciously listening
(choosing to listen)
3. Define Rhetoric: Art of speaking effectively and persuasively
4. Obligations of Speakers and Listeners

Chapter 3
1. Preparing for the first speech, Speech Preparation process
2. Dealing with Stage Fright: According to Amy Cuddy, Can our bodies change our
minds?
-Presence, yes power postures

Chapter 4
1. The Communication Model: The Process of Communication
A. Elements of the Communication process (terms including decoding, meanings
v. message)
Sender wants to send a message with meanings and ideas. He encodes the
message in a cognitive and emotional way also including symbols or signs.
Then he sends the message through a medium, then the receiver decodes the
message in a cognitive and emotional way, if it works then there is feedback
loop.
B. Are we sending our meaning or our message? How?
 No, the meaning is not being send through the communication model, rather
the meaning is created by the receiver after processing the information
received.
2. The Rhetorical Situation, understand and define the three elements
A situation in which a problem or need requires communication
1) Exigence: need to express
2) Audience: how this affects to the audience
3) Constraints: limits or problems that occur with this message.

Chapter 5
1. Speech purposes and occasions
2. Thesis Statements
3. Audience centered communication

Chapter 6
1. Classical Canons
1) Invention: creating our speech and developing our ideas, doing
research and brainstorming ideas
2) Arrangement: organizational patterns based on the speech and
audience
3) Style: our own personal style, elements of language and choice of
words
4) Memory: lost cannon, mastery of material
5) Delivery: actual presentation, volume, tone.
2. Within the five classical canons you should be able to define each one and
understand the goal of each and their order in the speech preparation process.
3. Intros, Conclusions, Transitions.
4. Language style, rhetorical devices
5. Organizational patterns
6. Speaking Styles in Memory (Mastery)
7. Modes of persuasion: Ethos Logos Pathos
Ethos: connection with audience, charismatic, appearance,
Logos: actual facts and data that support the message
Pathos: emotional connection with audience, beliefs.