2014 H2 Mathematics Prelim P2 Worked Solutions

Qn Solution Notes
1(a) e y x cos x
(i)
y ln cos x x
Differentiate wrt x
dy
tan x 1
dx
Differentiate wrt x
d2 y
2
sec2 x
dx
x0
y0
dy
1
dx
d2 y
1
dx 2
x2
y x ...
2
(a) h( x) y 0.2
(ii)
h( x) y 0.2 0

From GC,
1.12 x 1.12 (to 3 s.f)

1
1(b) n n
x n x
a a 1
3 3a
n
xn n(n 1) x 2
a 1 ..
3a 2 3a

n n(n 1) 2
a n 1 x x ..
3a 18a 2
n 4n(n 1)

3a 18a 2
3a
n 1
2
1
an
4
3a
Sub n 1
2
3a
1 1
a 2
4
From GC, a 2 or 0.16086 (to 5 s.f)

when a 2, n 2

when a 0.161 (to 3 s.f), n 0.759 (to 3 s.f)

2
2(a) d2 y
ae 2 x
dx 2
dy ae 2 x
c
dx 2
ae 2 x
y cx d
4
2(b) dx
kx p
dt
dx
Given that 0 when x = 12.
dt
12k p 0
p
k
12
dx px
p
dt 12
dx p
x 12 (Shown)
dt 12
p
x 12 dx 12 dt
(i) 1

p
ln x 12 t c
12
p
t c
x 12 e 12

p
t
x 12 Ae , 12
where A ec

When t = 0, x = 10 A 2
p
t
x 12 2e12

(ii) When x = 0, t = T
p
T
12 2e12 0
p
T ln 6
12
12
T ln 6
p
(c) x

10 p
t
x 12 2e 12

t
T

3
3 (i) 10

Since A lies in the plane 1 , 0 30 .
5 0

10 30
3
Perpendicular distance from O to 1 6

OA n1
6
n1
30
6
n1
n1 5
2 2 52
4
(ii) Acute angle between OA and 2

OA n2
sin 1
OA n 2
10 1

0 1
5 2

sin 1
10 1

0 1
5 2
2
20
sin 1
125 6
46.9
(iii) 10 1 5

0 1 15
5 2 10

1

A normal to plane 3 is 3 .
2

A cartesian equation is x 3 y 2 z 0 .

4
4(i) p 1 i, q 1 3 i, r k i
p 12 (1) 2 2, q 12 ( 3) 2 2, r k 2 1
1 1
arg( p ) , arg(q )
4 3
1
s
2
2
p r 1
3

q 2

2
2
k 2 1 1

2
3
2

k 2 1 2
k 2 1 4
k 3
2
arg( s )
3
2
2 arg( p) arg(r ) 3arg(q )
3
2 1 1 5
arg(r ) 2 3
3 4 3 6
1
If k 3, then arg(r )
6
5
If k 3, then arg(r )
6
k 3

5
4(ii) z 3 4(1 3 i)
1
i 2 k
z 8e
3 3

1 6 k
i
8e 3

1 6 k
i
z 2e 9
, k 1, 0,1
5 7
i i i
2e 9
, 2e 9
, 2e 9

w3 4 3i
w3 4i 3i 1
w3 4i 1 3i

w3 i 4 1 3i since i 2 1
3

3
w
4 1 3i
i

Comparing with z 3 4(1 3 i)
w
z
i
w iz

i
we 2
z
5 7
i i i i i i
e 2 2e 9
, e 2 2e 9 , e 2 2e 9

1 11 13
i i i
2e 18
, 2e 18
, 2e 18

6
5(i) This is quota sampling.
A disadvantage of quota sampling is that the sample is not a
good representation of the population (residents of the town).
(ii) Select the following number of students randomly from each
stratum below.

18 - 25 year old 26 - 35 year old

Male 75 36
100 30 100 14
250 250
Female 99 40
100 40 100 16
250 250

6 Given X ~ N(, 2),

P 2 X 1 X 2 0.8
P 2 X 1 X 2 0 0.8
Now, 2 X 1 X 2 ~ N ,5 2

PZ 0.8
5

0.84162
5
1.8819
0.53138
P X 1 X 2 2a 0.8
P X 1 X 2 2a 0.2
Now, X 1 X 2 ~ N 2 , 2 2
2a 2
P Z 0.2
2
2a 2
0.84162
2
a 0.59512
a 0.59512 0.53138
0.75974a
0.760a

7
7(i) P B A ' 0.75
P B A '
0.75
P( A ')

P B A ' 0.75 1 0.6

0.3

A B

P A ' B ' 1 P( A) P( B A ')

1 0.6 0.3
0.1
(ii) P A B 0.4
P A B
0.4
P( B)
P A B 0.4 P( B)

P( B) P B A ' P A B
0.3 0.4P( B)
0.6P( B) 0.3
P( B) 0.5
P( A) 0.6
P A B 0.4
P A B P( A)
A and B are not independent.

8
8 1A, 1B, 1S, 2E, 1N, 1C
4!
No. of code words formed with 2Es = 5C2
2!
120
No. of code words formed with 1 or no E = 6C4 4!
360
Total no. of code words 120 360
480 (shown)
(i) P(four-letter code words contain distinct letters)
No. of code words formed with 1 or no 'E'
=
No. of code words formed without restrictions
360
=
480
=0.75
(ii) code words do not contain code words contain
P
any vowels distinct letters
4C4 4!

=
480
0.75
1
=
15

9
9(i) y 0.175 x 3.57
y 0.175 x 3.57

22.94 k 38.8
0.175 3.57
9 9
k 2.40 shown
(ii)
y
3.40

2.40
x
O 2.5 7.5

Using GC: r 0.943 3 s.f.

Even though r is close to 1, from the scatter diagram, the
data points do not follow a straight line. Therefore, a linear
model may not be suitable.
(iii) C is the appropriate model as the data points in the scatter
f
diagram follow the graph of y e .
x
(iv) Equation of regression line
2.7480
y 2.0651
x
2.75
y 2.07 ( to 3 s.f. )
x
When x = 8.0,
2.7480
y 2.0651 2.41 (to 2 d.p.)
8.0
Since x = 8.0 falls outside the data range of x, the estimation
of y is unreliable.

10
10(i) x 1620 and x 2 221175
1620
Unbiased estimate of population mean
12
135
Unbiased estimate of population variance
1 16202
221175
11 12
225
(ii) H 0 : 124.5
H1 : 124.5

Let X = number of packets of cereal sold daily.

Since n = 12 is small,
X 0
Under H0, T ~ t (n 1)
S2
n

= 0.01
From GC, p-value = 0.0337
Since p-value = 0.0337 > = 0.01, we do not reject H0 at 1%
level of significance and conclude there is insufficient
evidence that the mean number of packets of cereal sold per
day has changed.
(iii) H 0 : 124.5
H1 : 124.5
132
Under H 0 , X N 124.5,
12
x 124.5
Test statistic: z
169
12
= 0.01
Reject H 0 if z 2.3263
x 124.5
Since H 0 is rejected, 2.3263
132
12
x 133.23
x 133
It means that there is a probability of 0.01 of concluding that
the mean number of packets of cereal sold per day is more
than 124.5, when in fact the mean number is 124.5.

11
11 Let X be the number of emergency admissions per day
(i) X Po(3)
X 1 X 2 Po(6)

P( X 1 X 2 3) 0.0892 ( to 3 s.f. )
(ii) Let length of time = t hr
Let T be the number of emergency admissions in t hours.
3t
T Po
24
3t

P(T 0) e 0.2
24

3t
ln 0.2
24
t 8ln 0.2
13 hr
(iii) P( X 4) 1 P( X 4)
0.18474 0.185 ( to 3 s.f. )
(iv) Let Y be the number of days with at most 4 admissions out of
50 days.
Y B(50, 0.81526)
Since n 50 is large, np 40.763 5 , nq 9.237 5 ,
Y N(40.763, 7.5306) approximately
P(Y 40)
C.C.
P(Y 39.5) 0.323
(v) Let W be the number of patients who require surgery out of
15.
W B(15, 0.4)
E(W ) 15(0.4) 6
Var(W ) 15(0.4)(1 0.4) 3.6

Let W be the mean number of patients who require surgery.

Since n is large, so by Central Limit Theorem,
3.6
W N(6, ) approximately.
50
P(W 5.5) 0.96880
0.969 ( to 3 s.f )

12