Anatomy - Chapter 8 Homework

Multiple Choice
Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question.

____ 1. The muscle tissue type that consists of single, very long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells with
very obvious striations is:
a. skeletal muscle only d. cardiac muscle only
b. cardiac and smooth muscle e. smooth muscle only
c. cardiac and skeletal muscle
____ 2. Neurotransmitters are released upon stimulation from a nerve impulse by the:
a. thick filaments d. sarcolemma of the muscle cell
b. motor unit e. myofibrils
c. axon terminals of the motor neuron
____ 3. What type of membrane wraps a fascicle:
a. perimysium d. epimysium
b. aponeuroses e. endomysium
c. tendons
____ 4. Which one of the following muscles is involved in abduction of the arm at the shoulder joint:
a. biceps brachii d. latissimus dorsi
b. triceps brachii e. pectoralis major
c. deltoid
____ 5. While doing "jumping jacks" during an exercise class, your arms and legs move laterally away from the
midline of your body. This motion is called:
a. extension d. flexion
b. adduction e. abduction
c. circumduction
____ 6. Which of the following muscles closes the jaw:
a. the frontalis d. the masseter
b. the masseter and the temporalis e. the buccinator
c. the sternocleidomastoid
____ 7. A sarcomere is:
a. the area between two intercalated discs
b. the nonfunctional unit of skeletal muscle
c. the wavy lines on the cell, as seen in a microscope
d. a contractile unit between two Z lines
e. a compartment in a myofilament
____ 8. Which of the following muscles is not involved in dorsiflexion and/or plantar flexion of the foot:
a. gastrocnemius d. iliopsoas
b. extensor digitorum longus e. tibialis anterior
c. soleus
____ 9. During skeletal muscle contraction, myosin cross bridges attach to active sites of:
a. the H zone d. myosin filaments
b. Z lines e. thick filaments
c. actin filaments
____ 10. Which of the following muscles inserts on the calcaneus:
a. the soleus d. the sartorius
b. the iliopsoas e. the semitendinosus
c. the tibialis anterior
____ 11. Anaerobic glycolysis occurs without:
a. glucose d. ATP
b. oxygen e. carbon dioxide
c. lactic acid
____ 12. Acetylcholine is:
a. an oxygen-binding protein
b. a component of thick myofilaments
c. a source of energy for muscle contraction
d. an ion pump on the postsynaptic membrane
e. a neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle
____ 13. Place these structures of the skeletal muscle in order from largest to smallest:

1. fascicle
2. myofilament
3. muscle fiber (cell)
4. myofibril
5. sarcomere
a. 1, 3, 4, 5, 2 d. 3, 1, 2, 4, 5
b. 2, 5, 4, 3, 1 e. 3, 2, 5, 4, 1
c. 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
____ 14. A muscle group that works with and assists the action of a prime mover is a(n):
a. synergist only d. fixator only
b. antagonist and fixator e. antagonist only
c. antagonist and synergist
____ 15. Which one of the following functions do calcium ions perform during skeletal muscle contraction:
a. release the inhibition on Z lines
b. bind to regulatory proteins on the myosin filaments, changing both their shape and their position on the
thick filaments
c. increase the action potential transmitted along the sarcolemma
d. cause ATP binding to actin
e. expose myosin binding sites on the actin
____ 16. The striations that give skeletal muscle its characteristic striped appearance are produced, for the
most part, by:
a. a difference in the thickness of the sarcolemma
b. the sarcoplasmic reticulum
c. the arrangement of myofilaments
d. the "cocked" positions of the heads of the thick filaments
e. the T tubules
____ 17. Sandra is playing the piano for her recital. Which muscle is not involved in the movement of her
hands and/or fingers:
a. extensor digitorum longus d. flexor carpi radialis
b. extensor carpi radialis e. extensor digitorum
c. flexor carpi ulnaris
____ 18. A skeletal muscle twitch differs from a tetanic contraction in that:
a. the muscle twitch is a brief and "jerky" movement, while the tetanic contraction is
prolonged and
continuous
b. the tetanic contraction is considered abnormal, while the twitch is a normal muscle
response
c. the tetanic contraction is caused by a single stimulus, while the twitch is caused by very
rapid
multiple stimuli
d. the muscle twitch is prolonged and continuous while a tetanic contraction is brief and "jerk
y"
e. the muscle twitch occurs only in small muscles while a tetanic contraction occurs in large
muscle groups
____ 19. Which of these events must occur first to trigger the skeletal muscle to generate an action
potential and contract:
a. acetylcholine (ACh) causes temporary permeability to sodium
b. acetylcholinesterase (AchE) breaks down acetylcholine (ACh)
c. diffusion of potassium ions out of the cell
d. sodium ions rush into the cell
e. operation of the sodium-potassium pump
____ 20. Which of the following does not describe cardiac muscle tissue:
a. rhythmic contractions d. uninucleate
b. involuntary e. attached to bones
c. striations
____ 21. Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system:
a. maintenance of posture d. stabilization of joints
b. production of movement e. generation of heat
c. hematopoiesis
____ 22. The condition of skeletal muscle fatigue can be best explained by:
a. a total lack of ATP
b. the inability to generate sufficient quantities of ATP due to feedback regulation of synthesi
s
c. the all-or-none law
d. inadequate numbers of mitochondria
e. insufficient intracellular quantities of ATP due to excessive consumption
____ 23. Which one of the following is the action of the orbicularis oris:
a. allows blinking, squinting, and various other protective mechanisms for the eye
b. pulls the lower lip down and back
c. draws the eyebrows together
d. closes the jaw
e. closes, purses, and protrudes the lips
____ 24. The insertion of the gluteus maximus is the:
a. sacrum d. tibia
b. ilium e. calcaneus
c. femur
____ 25. Which of the following muscles adducts the thigh:
a. peroneus muscles d. quadriceps group
b. adductor muscles e. sartorius
c. gluteus maximus