Circulation and Fluid Electrolyte

Balance OG
7.5(A): ADMINISTRATION OF BLOOD (BLOOD
TRANSFUSION)
DEFINITION
Blood transfusion consists of administration of compatible donor's whole blood or any of its components to correct/ treat any clinical
condition.

PURPOSES
1. To restore circulating blood volume.
2. To correct platelet and coagulation factor deficiencies.
3. To correct anemia.

ARTICLES

1. Blood Transfusion set. *

2. Normal saline.
3. Blood/blood components - sterile in appropriate container.
4. Cannula No:18/19 (adult).
5. Alcohol/Iodine swabs (disinfectant).
6. Sterile gauze.
7. Tourniquet.
8. Adhesive tape.
9. Scissors.
10. Roller bandage and splint (optional).
11. Infusion stand. >.
12. Disposal bag/kidney tray.
13. Disposable gloves.
14. Pressure bag (optional in case of severe bleeding).
15. Specimen container.

PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE

Nursing action Rationale

Nursing action Rationale
1.
1. Check physician's
Check orders,
physician's patient's
orders, condition,
patient's andand
condition, history of transfusion
history of Obtains specific data and initiates patient education if
/infusion reaction,
transfusion /infusionreason for present
reaction, transfusion
reason for etc.
present transfusion etc. required.

2. Identify patient Prevents errors

errors and
and thus
thus eliminates
eliminates possibility
possibility of
of
Prevents
2. Identify patient transfusion reactions.
reactions.
transfusion
3.
T~Check availability
Check of blood
availability with
of blood thethe
with blood bank
blood bank
4. Explain the procedure to the patient, need for transfusion, blood product to Provides reassurance and facilitates co-operation.
4.
be given, approximate length of time, desired outcome, etc.
Explain the procedure to the patient, need for transfusion, blood product
Emphasize the need for patient to report unusual symptoms
to be given, approximate length of time, desired outcome, etc.
immediately. Early identification of transfusion reactions aids in
Emphasize the need for patient to report unusual symptoms
Obtain informed consent from patient. instituting prompt corrective measures.
immediately.
Obtain informed consent from patient.
IT Obtain
5. Obtainblood
bloodfrom
fromblood
bloodbank
bankininaccordance
accordancewith
withagency
agencypolicy.
policy. Faulty techniques in storing blood products can cause
IfIftransfusion
transfusioncannot
cannotbegin
beginimmediately,
immediately,return
returnproduct
producttotoblood
bloodbank.
bank. hemolysis.
Bloodwhich
Blood whichisisout
outofofrefrigerator
refrigeratorfor
formore
morethan
than3030minutes,
minutes,

~x Contd...