Kylie Ann Martinez

Exploring Computer Science

Final Review
Directions: Define the following terms and then answer the question about
the terms. Highlight your answers with a light color!

Define the Internet: a global computer network providing a variety of information and
communication facilities, consisting of interconnected networks using standardized
communication protocols.
Define Hardware: anything that you can touch.
Define Algorithms: a process or set of rules to be followed in calculations or other problem-
solving operations
Computer (intelligent machine) behavior is based on (which of the above three)?
algorithms

Explain Internet Security: to create rules and actions to take to protect against attacks over
the Internet
List 3 things that might happen to your computer that indicates your computer
may have some type of internet security concern (messages that might pop up or
computer actions):
1. Pop up ads
2. Phantom messages
3. Locked computer

Define computational thinker: thought processes involved in formulating a problem and

expressing its solution
Define algorithm search: step-by-step procedure used to locate specific data among a
collection of data
Define Linear search: process that checks every element in the list sequentially until the
desired element is found
Define Binary search: a sorted array by repeatedly dividing the search interval in half
Define Decimal search: this method works by drawing a graph, seeing where it
crosses the axis, then re-plotting the graph, with a smaller scale. This is repeated
until required accuracy is achieved. I require an accuracy of four decimal places.
When comparing items in a sort list or set, what type of search (from the above
list) takes the least amount of comparisons? Algorithm search

Define Scratch block: used to define custom blocks

Thomas creates a simple Scratch assignment. He is able to use 15 Scratch blocks.
Kiarra creates the same assignment and it looks exactly the same, but she used 20
Scratch blocks. What does this scenario indicate? That kiarra used mor options
with the scratch blocks

Define operating system: the software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as
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scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals.

List 3 different operating systems:
1. ios
2. Windows 7
3. android
Define application software: database programs, word processors, Web browsers and
spreadsheets.
List 3 different application software:
1. Safari
2. firefox
3. chrome
Define internet browser: A software application used to locate and display Web pages
List 3 different browsers:
1. chrome
2. firefox
3. opera
Define search engine: a program that searches for and identifies items in a database that
correspond to keywords or characters specified by the user, used especially for finding
particular sites on the World Wide Web.
List 3 different search engines:
1. google
2. yahoo
3. bing
Define hyperlink: a link from a hypertext file or document to another location or file, typically
activated by clicking on a highlighted word or image on the screen.
What are 3 characteristics that most hyperlinks have?
1. Jump immediately to frequently-accessed articles
2. Easily create cross-references to items or topics that belong to more than one group or are
known by more than one name.
3. Launch external documents or applications from within TreePad
Define domain name: the part of a network address that identifies it as belonging to a
particular domain.
List your 3 favorite websites:
1. Youtube.com
2. Inletdrive.com
3. Pink.com

How is computer storage measured? megabytes (MB) and gigabytes (GB)

From smallest to largest, list 6 sizes of storage:
1. bit
2. byte
3. Kilobyte
4. megabyte
5. gigabyte
6. terabyte

What is a Word processor used for? to manipulate a text document, such as a resume or a
report.
Define graphic: relating to visual art, especially involving drawing, engraving, or lettering.
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What is a Database used for? software tools are primarily used for storing, modifying,
extracting, and searching for information within a database.
Define table (in a database): a set of data elements (values) using a model of vertical
columns (identifiable by name) and horizontal rows, the cell being the unit where a row and
column intersect.

What is a Spreadsheet used for? organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular
form.
Define chart (in a spreadsheet): charting information.
What is a Presentation used for? implified means of conveying size or scale or value.
Define slide (in a presentation): a single page of a presentation
Define ePortfolio: collection of electronic evidence assembled and managed by a user,

Define binary code: a coding system using the binary digits 0 and 1 to represent a letter,
digit, or other character in a computer or other electronic device.
Go to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qdFmSlFojIw and watch the video. In
your own words, explain how to figure out the binary code for a number.
What are the place values in a binary number system? The largest number that you
can write in binary using only six places or six digits is 111111 (base 2) which, since there is
a numeral one in each place, has the decimal value 32+16+8+4+2+1 = 63.
List one website that lists the binary code for numbers: www.basic-
mathematics.com/binary-number-system.htm
What is the binary code for 10: 1010
What is the binary code for 23: 10111
What is the binary code for 35: 100011
What is the binary code for 99: 110011

What are the steps to the problem solving process? Problem solving is the act of
defining a problem; determining the cause of the problem; identifying, prioritizing
and selecting alternatives for a solution; and implementing a solution

Define defragment: reduce the fragmentation of (a file) by concatenating parts stored in

separate locations on a disk.
Define configure: arrange or order (a computer system or an element of it) so as to fit it for a
designated task.
Define malware: software that is intended to damage or disable computers and computer
systems
Define file compression: is a data compression method in which the logical size of
a file is reduced to save disk space for easier and faster transmission over a network or the
Internet
Define debugging: Debugging is the routine process of locating and removing computer
program bugs, errors or abnormalities,
Define coding: the process of assigning a code to something for the purposes of
classification or identification.
a code assigned for the purpose of classification or identification.

Define sorting: arrange systematically in groups; separate according to type, class, etc.
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Define DNS: The Internet's system for converting alphabetic names into numeric IP
addresses.
Define LAN: is a network that connects computers and other devices in a relatively small
area, typically a single building or a group of buildings
Define VPN: is a network that is constructed using public wires usually the Internet to
connect to a private network
Define WAN: is a telecommunications network or computer network that extends over a large
geographical distance.

Define freeware: software that is available free of charge.

Define shareware: software that is available free of charge and often distributed informally
for evaluation, after which a fee may be requested for continued use.
Define open source: denoting software for which the original source code is made freely
available and may be redistributed and modified.
Define copyrighted: the exclusive legal right, given to an originator or an assignee to print,
publish, perform, film, or record literary, artistic, or musical material, and to authorize others to
do the same.

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