Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Steel Construction
C&S SEMINAR
J Y Richard Liew
Ph.D, P.Eng (S
( Spore
pore),
), CEng
CEng,, MIStructE
MIStructE,,
Associate Professor
Director, Hazard, Risk and Mitigation Programme
Department of Civil Engineering
National University of Singapore
Email:cveljy
Email: cveljy@
@nus
nus..edu
edu..sg
2007-4-24
Sustainable and Buildable Steel
Construction
SIA Hangar 5
Singapore Changi International Airport Hangar 5
-85 m x72m Single Integrated Roof System
Minimise temporary works/ low-level working
Temporary ~27.0 M
Walkways &
Working
Platforms
Strand
Lattice Jack
Column
0.0
M
A
11
Power
Pack
Hydraulic
Hoses
21 J
Singapore Changi International Airport Hangar 5
- Preparation of Heavy Lifting
Singapore Changi International Airport Hangar 5
- After Lifting
Sports Complex Roof
- Curved arches
3-Segment construction
(16m, 27.67m) Need Temporary
Need 2 cranes forSupports
erection
1mm 2mm
2mm 3mm
15.8KN
Temporary Tower
Temporary Tower Support 2mx2m
Support 2mx2m 7.5m
6m 31KN
(CG)
38.65m
38.59m
60m
PROPOSED WHAMPOA FOOTBRIDGE
TTJ/ER/PROP-03
Lift footbridge to barge
Pull the bridge
to the other
end
Erection
completed in
the morning
Suntec City Convention Center
(120m x 160m)
Fabrication
done on the
floor slab
Keppel Distribution Park
Bolted Joints
Avoid site welding
Preinstalled on the ground using ball-jointed space frame system
Lifting of steel roof
Economy of Steel Joints
Rigid joints cost more than
nominally pinned joints
Joints that require a large amount
of stiffening are more expensive
Connections which require special
jigs to fabricate will be relatively
expensive.
Site welded joints cost more than
field bolted joints.
Rigid joints with many stiffeners
Congested node Overlapping Joint
Non over-lapping joint over-lapping joint
brace
ce
bra
xl
La B
B
90 -
A A xl
La
chord chord
N
M
Sea Front
Access
FCAW Welding
CNC Plate Profile Cutting Machine CNC Pipe Profile Cutting Machine
CNC Pipe Profiling
Fire engineering of large span
structures
Fire Detection/
fire safety design Fire suppression
Alarm
Realistic Fire
Modeling, Structural
CFD, Parametric fire, etc Response
Heat Transfer
Analysis Calculation
FEM NLFEA
20 Elastic modulus
>25m
OUB Building
Hybrid
system of
steel
frames with
concrete
950
core
20m
Shallow floor systems
Composite beams & composite slab 435 800 14.0 2.0 38.9
Cellular beams with composite slab 775 1100 15.2 2.0 46.6
Composite beams with web openings 725 1050 15.0 2.0 50.2
Summary on Composite Floor
System
Flat slab
construction
Ultra-high Strength
Concrete Filled Columns
Latest Innovation
(HSCF) Ultra high strength
concrete; 200MPa
D2
D D D1 concrete (180MPa)
t2 Normal
concrete
RC CFT HSCFT
3 Metal decking
4 Casting of
concrete
Composite beams
(b)
(a) (c)
Typical Steel
Residential
Building
Top Track Joints &
fasteners
Fasteners on first
layer @ 400mm Fasteners @
centres 200mm centres
2 layers 15mm max staggered on
Plasterboard on edges
both sides
Fasteners
Bottom Track 10mm-15mm
from edge of
sheet
Outlook for Structural Steel
in Singapore
Constructional steel usage (based on
floor area) presently lags behind UK,
US and Japan; Singapore being 12%
commercial, and 1% residential.
Indonesia bans sand export to
Singapore (6/2/07). Cost of
concrete increases by more than
double. Steel is one of the
alternatives being seriously
considered.
Construction demand up from
S$11.5B (2005) to S$16.1B (2006).
Year 2007 forecast is S$18B.
Government attracts offshore, oil
and gas industries. Strong demands
for rigs, ships and process facilities.
Accredited Structural Steel
Fabricators Scheme: elevate
specialist contractors to higher
platform in construction industry.
BCA/SSSS trains steel Supervisors
and engineers for the industry.
National steel codes with reference
to Europe and Hong Kong.
Demand for structural steel has
increased for the past 2 years. Next
Conclusions
Use reusable steel frame and percast concrete to
reduce site labor, increase productivity and quality
for sustainable construction.
Use composite design for long span beam, compact
floor, smaller column size, and better fire and
structural resistance.
Numerous projects provide illustration of the
benefits of buildable design using composite
construction.
Successful implementation requires close
collaboration and information sharing between
various parties.