Answer Question 1a

2 2 2 2
M =6 x 10 xy +3 y N=5 x +6 xy 3 y

M N
=10 x +6 y =10 x+ 6 y
y x

M N
=
y x , DE is exact

=6 x 210 xy +3 y 21
x

=5 x 2+6 xy 3 y 22
y

Integrate 1 w.r.t x

= ( 6 x 210 xy +3 y 2 ) dx

2 x 35 x 2 y +3 x y 2+ h ( y )3

Differentiate 3 w.r.t y

= ( 2 x 35 x 2 y +3 x y 2 +h ( y ) )
y y

5 x 2 +6 xy +h' ( y )4

Compare 4 with 2

2 ' 2 2
5 x +6 xy +h ( y ) =5 x +6 xy3 y

h' ( y )=3 y 2
 h ( y )= (3 y 2 ) dy= y 3+c

=2 x 35 x 2 y +3 x y 2 y 3+ c

2 x 35 x 2 y +3 x y 2 y 3=K

Answer Question 1b

Initial condition, T ( 0 ) =100 ,

Boundary condition, T ( 5 )=60 ,

dT
=k ( T T s )
dt

1
( T T ) dT =k dt
s

ln ( T T s )=kt+c

T T s= A ekt

T =20+ A ekt

Use initial condition, T ( 0 ) =100 ,

0
100=20+ A e
 A=80

T =20+80 ekt

Use boundary condition, T ( 5 )=60 ,

60=20+ 80 e5 k

40
e5 k =
80 ,

40
k=
1
5
ln ( )
80
=0.139

0.139t
T =20+80 e

Temperature after 10 minutes, T ( 10 )=?

T =20+80 e0.139 ( 10)=39.93

Answer Question 2a

Auxiliary equation: m21=0 m=1,1

Homogeneous solution: y h= A ex + B e x

| |
x x
W = e xe x =2
Wronskian: e e

e x +ex
f ( x )=cosh x=
2
 y2 f (x )
u= dx
aW

e x e x + ex

2 ( 2
dx )
1
( e2 x + e0 ) dx
4
2x
e x
+c
8 4

y1 f ( x )
v = dx
aW

ex e x +ex

2 ( 2
dx )
1
( e 0+e2 x ) dx
4

2 x
x e
+c
4 8

y p=u y 1 +v y 2

2x 2 x
( e
8
x x e
ex +
4 4 ) (
8 )e x

e x xex xe x e x
+
8 4 4 8

y= y h + y p

x x x x
e xe xe e
A ex + B e x +
8 4 4 8

x x

( )( )
x x
e e xe xe
A ex + B e x + +
8 8 4 4

1 e x +ex x e x e x
A ex + B e x
4 ( 2
+
2 2) ( )
 1 1
A ex + B e x cosh x + x sinh x
4 2

Answer Question 2a

Auxiliary equation:
2
m 1=0 m=1,1
x x
Homogeneous solution: y h= A e + B e

| |
x x
W = ex e x =2
Wronskian: e e

x x
e +e
f ( x )=cosh x=
2

y2 f (x )
u= dx
aW

ex e x +ex

2 (
2
dx )
1
( e 0 +e2 x ) dx
4

x e2 x
+c
4 8

y1 f ( x )
v = dx
aW

e x e x + ex

2 ( 2
dx )
1
( e2 x + e0 ) dx
4
2x
e x
+c
8 4

y p=u y 1 +v y 2

2 x 2x
( x e
4

8 ) (
e x+
e
8
x
ex
4 )
 x x x x
xe e e xe

4 8 8 4

y= y h + y p

xe x e x e x xe x
A ex + B e x +
4 8 8 4

x x

( )( )
x x
e e xe xe
A ex + B e x + +
8 8 4 4

x x x

( ) ( )
x
x 1 e +e
x x e e
A e +B e +
4 2 2 2

x x 1 1
A e + B e cosh x + x sinh x
4 2

Answer Question 2b

'' '
y +2 y + y=x cos x

Auxiliary equation: m2+ 2m+1=0 m=1

x
Homogeneous solution: y h=( Ax+ B ) e

x+ ( cx+ d ) sin x
y p=( ax +b ) cos

x+ a cos x+ ( cx+d ) cos x+ c sin x

y ' p =( ax+ b ) sin

xa sin xa sin x ( cx + d ) sin x+ c cos x+ c cos x

y ' ' p =( ax+b ) cos

x2 a sin x ( cx +d ) sin x +2 c cos x

( ax+ b ) cos
 '' '
y p +2 y p+ y p=x cos x

x2 a sin x ( cx +d ) sin x +2 c cos x

( ax +b ) cos

x+ a cos x+ ( cx+ d ) cos x + c sin x
( ax+b ) sin

x+ ( cx+d ) sin x
( ax+ b ) cos

+

[( ax+ b ) +2 c+ 2a+ 2 ( cx + d )+ ( ax+ b ) ] cos x+ [2 a ( cx+ d )2 ( ax +b ) +2 c + ( cx +d ) ] sin x =x cos x

[ 2c +2 a+2 d +2 cx ] cos x + [ 2 a2 b+2 c2 ax ] sin x= x cos x

2 c=1 , 2 a=0

2 c+ 2a+ 2d =0 , 2 a2 b+2 c=0

1 1 1
a=0, b= , c= , d =
2 2 2

x+ ( 12 x 12 ) sin x
1
y p= cos
2

y= y h + y p

x + ( 12 x 12 ) sin x
1
( Ax +B ) ex + cos
2
Answer Question 3a

L1
{ 4
3
+ 2
( s2 ) s +4 s+ 13 } { } {
2 ( s+ 2 ) =L1 4 + L1 2 ( s+ 2 )
( s2 )
3
s 2 +4 s+ 13 }
e 2t L1 {}
4
s 3
+ 2 L1
{ ( s+2 )
( s +2 )2 +9 }
2 e2 t L1
{}
2
s 3 { }
+ 2 e2 t L1 2
s
s +9

2 e2 t t 2+ 2 e2t cos 3 t

Answer Question 3b i

{
1, 0 t<1
g ( t )= 1, 1 t<2
0, t2

g ( t )=g 1+ ( g 2g1 ) H ( ta ) + ( g3g2 ) H ( t b )

12 H ( t1 ) + H ( t2 )

1 2 es e2 s
L { g ( t ) }= +
s s s

Answer Question 3b ii

1 1 A B C
= = + +
2
s ( s 4 s+ 4 ) s ( s2 )
2
s ( s2 ) ( s2 )2

1= A ( s2 )2+ Bs ( s2 ) +Cs

2 2
1= As 4 As+4 A +B s 2 Bs+Cs

2 2
1= As + B s 4 As2 Bs+Cs+ 4 A
 A + B=0,4 A2 B+ C=0, 4 A=1

1 1 1
A= , B= , C= ,
4 4 2

L1
{( 1
2
s s 4 s+ 4 )
=L1
} {
4
1
s

1
+
1
4 ( s2 ) 2 ( s2 )2 }
1 1 1 1 1 1

4
L {}
L
s 4
1 1
+ L
( s2 ) 2 { }1
( s2 )2 { }
1 1 1 1
e 2 t + e 2 t L1 2
4 4 2 s {}
1 1 1
e2t + t e2 t
4 4 2

Answer Question 3b iii

L { y '' }4 L { y ' }+ 4 L { y }=L { g ( t ) }

1 2 es e2 s
s 2 Y ( s )sy ( 0 ) y ' ( 0 ) 4 [ s Y ( s ) y ( 0 ) ] +4 Y ( s ) = +
s s s

s 2 s
( s24 s+ 4 ) Y ( s )= 1 2 e + e
s s s

1 2 es e2 s
Y ( s )= +
s ( s 24 s+ 4 ) s ( s2 4 s+ 4 ) s ( s 24 s +4 )

Y ( s )=F ( s ) 2es F ( s ) +e2 s F ( s )

1
F ( s )= 2
s ( s 4 s +4 )
 f ( t )=L
1
{ F ( s ) }=L1
{( 1
2
s s 4 s +4 )
1 1
4 4} 1
= e2 t + t e2 t
2

y (t )=L
1
{ Y ( s ) }=L1 { F ( s ) }2 L1 {es F ( s ) }+ L1 {e2 s F ( s ) }

f ( t )2 f ( t1 ) H ( t1 ) + f ( t 2 ) H ( t2 )

1 1 1
2
1 1
4 4
1
2 [ 1 1
4 4 ] 1
[ ]
y (t )= e 2 t + t e 2 t2 e 2( t1) + ( t 1 ) e2 (t 1) H ( t1 ) + e 2 (t2 )+ ( t1 ) e 2( t2) H ( t 2 )
4 4 2

Answer Question 4a

y ( x )=cos x

(x ) = cos x= y ( x )
y (x )=cos

Answer Question 4b

f ( x ) is an even function. Based on graph, f ( x ) is symmetric to y axis.

bn =0

L
2
a0 =
L0
f ( x ) dx

1
2
( 1x 2 ) dx
10

[ ]
2 x
x3
3 0

L
2 nx
an =
L0
f ( x ) cos ( )
L
dx

1
2 (
1x 2 ) cos ( nx ) dx
10

2
[ ( 1x2 )
n
2x 2
sin ( nx ) 2 2 cos ( nx )+ 3 3 sin ( nx )
n n ]
0

2 0
[ 2
2 2
n
2
] [
cos ( n )+ 3 3 sin ( n ) 2
n
1
n
2
sin 00+ 3 3 sin 0
n ]
4 (1 )n

n2 2

4 (1 )n+1

n2 2
 a0 nx
f ( x )= + a n cos
2 n=1 L ( )
n +1
2 4 (1 )
f ( x )= + 2 cos ( nx )
3 n=1 n 2

Answer Question 5

Let u ( x , t )=X ( x ) T ( t )

ut =X ( x ) T ' ( t ) , u xx=X ' ' ( x ) T ( t )

ut =u xx

X ( x ) T ' ( t )=X ' ' ( x ) T ( t )

T ' (t ) X'' ( x )
= =k
T ( t ) X ( x)

Let k =2

T ' (t )
=2 ( Equation1)
T (t )

''
X (x)
= 2( Equation 2)
X x( )

X ' ' ( x ) + 2 X ( x )=0 (Second order differential equation)

2 2
m + =0

m= i

X ( x )= A cos x + Bsin x (Equation 3)

Use 1st Boundary Conditions, u ( 0,t )=0 X ( 0 ) =0 Substitute to Equation 1

0=A cos 0+ B sin 0 , A=0 Substitute to Equation 1

X ( x )=B sin x

Use 2nd Boundary Conditions, u ( 1,t )=0 X ( 1 )=0

0=B sin

0=sin

0=sin n

=n

X ( x )=B sin ( nx )

'
T (t )
=2
T (t )

T ' ( t ) =2 T ( t )

T ' ( t ) + 2 T ( t )=0 1st order differential equation

dT 2
+ T =0
dt

dT
=2 T
dt

1 2
dT = dt
T

1
T dT =2 dt
 1
T dT =2 dt

2
ln T ( t )= t+ c

T ( t )=C e t

2 2

T ( t )=C en t

u ( x , t )=X ( x ) T ( t )

2 2
t
B sin ( nx ) .C en

2 2

bn sin ( nx ) . e
n t

n=1

Use Initial Condition, u ( x , 0 )=f ( x )

f ( x )= b n sin ( nx )
n=1

L
2 nx
bn = f ( x ) sin
L0 L
dx ( )
1
2 1
2 2

10
( x ) sin ( nx ) dx + ( 0 ) sin ( nx ) dx
11
2

1
2
2 ( x ) sin ( nx ) dx
0

1
2
[ x
n
1
cos ( nx ) + 2 2 sin ( nx )
n ]0
2

2
[ 1
2 n
cos
n
2
1
( )
+ 2 2 sin
n
n
2
00 ( ) ]
 2 n 1 n
2
n
2 ( )
sin
2
cos
n 2 ( )

[ ( )]

2 n 1 n
( )
2 2

u ( x ,t )= sin ( nx ) . en t
sin cos
n=1
2
n 2
2 n 2