4 H OU S IN G

A laad hone,tust he nIdc, tlot batqht.

Jorce' \l uruard

lL mdtte^ lest to a petsa trhere thi arc

bor" thdn nherc thq .M livr.

f VOCABULARY
INPUT
:.rling rvith this topic you will coDe across the followingvocabulary'. Read it and lool( up the
-5no$n r^'ords in your dictionary.

. .1!ine in..ity/to{!: (urban area)

: ,tr,gA :jobo pp o.tu nitie s,s por t s f ic ilit ic s , . ulur al$nr s , s c h o o l i n g p o s s i b i l i t i e s , h e t r i t h e s t . b l i s h m c n r s ,
: tlife, shoppingcenLrr!,publi. lransport, .o$nopolitan
:. iru,r,!er: c.owdcd,pollured,noisy,hecti., dJngerous,high rareofc|in, cosr ofliving, traEi. jams, prob,

. \ inthe.ountry: (rurll arcr)

: : 'ngi!r,g.r pea.eful,<lui.t,cah, narufe,gfoNing pb rts/ nowtrsLrops, lepinC,n im als,g!d.ns, Lrms
: . i La, r/ lerjn op rin.,v,ltrckot . uhur r lev en( s , poor public t r aDs p . f r c . n r e c i i o n s
' .:-riionr situatednr a residertirl!rca, in lhc.itjj right in the cetrtfe,on rh. oulskirrsofrorvn,nr the suburbs,in rh.

' i rs-:rside, inth

of dwelli vill,gc,ina
ng/shelter: blo.t bloc k othou
of flats, llats,
J , inahoNings t atrr,e,lighthotrs,
came n, houscbo r .w l i k i n ghut,
d i s tchal
a n cet,
e fcor
rom . . , nrent,
L!gc, ! 'bestl,
y s p '. rpsalace
flcilnies
- :i,,,: na& (penthour aparnnent, suite, bedsir, houscs (derrched, smi-det!.h.d, rcrmced,ba.pto-br.k,
:J!w, maiNion,co!nttv h.!()
''?,.,: apa'tDc.Liconilominnln (.ondo),n$ house,ilupr.x
- r'.:d'or: 8!dcn (backyard,iront yafd), patio, rwin ing pool, grenhouse,tencc,hcdge,ga.age,gate,prth,

. .:.rior: g.ound 1loo.,Iiat loor,stairs, centnl hxt'ngrlloor hedting,sauna,lacuzzi,double gL/.d sindows,

. :h rudows sk,vlight,snfetl cntrancedoor
. ri ot rooms: entrance,back roonr,iibnt foom, dining.ooN, hnrg room/sitting io(m, bedroom,sttrdy,haU,
.i. ph,vroom,brth roonr,Iaundry roon, norage,cellar,lott, rfti.,bascmcnr
. ,rn,ture: settee/sob/c.uch,arnchairs, sall unit, hi,ii s)steni, IV scr, DVD pl3_verbo.lcase, colTccrdxr,
.: r.e, .lpboads, sink, rable {ith chairs/stools,singlc bed, doubie bed, bunk bcds, built in rvardrobs,
: : . I S r!blc, mnror on the u !ll, t.ilet (l!!al orv), bidet, sho{er bith, vrshblrtn shehs,chesrof dm*e^,
.rr tabLs,ltrmp,chandelier
, ,iro,: crrpt, tik-s, rug, r'ood.n floor, o, t . Lrtudo,J:blindr, curtains,,, rr L,al^, eu.|e, piin|cd

' - -lehold spplian.es: cookr,grill, ortn, micros!!c oven,iridge wittr ice-.rush$, freczLtoaster,fo.d pru
lish\Lashef,$xshing mn.hir!', drlcr, lacuum clea.er, air .onditi.rcr, keftle, collle rnachnr,(..iline)
..Ddifrer, herter
' , : r t risrroundth .ho u* :mo $i ngt hhwt r , s owings ec dr , wc c din g t h e {o v e r b e d s , p l ! f r i . g f l o w c r s , r 'a t c L [ ! ,
. : : r Sr.cnhouse,trimming th hedBe,cuLling trc. brrnches,lixing lelking pipcs.nd roofs,decorahs,

':,- . bingt hp lacesho .yo ul iv ennall( t in) r / lr r ge( hugc , c nor n o u s , s p a c i o u s ) , L g h t / d a r t , d r ! d 9 h 1 f , n o i s l /

: -ldrted, nodcrn, old iishioned,vafm lnd.osl
: :lems.onne.ted $ith living: shafi'rg $iLh ..9. parenr9roonnutes, fenLiig (cnant), rlliing tr moftgage,
rt nois)hosj, nerghbours, honcl.sn.ss
54 ANGL.TINAMATURITA

tr DrscuSsroN
QUESTIONS
tseforereading the le\1, discus\ the follo$ inB questionsin ( lass

1. Whatdoeshone rneantoYou?
2. Whattvoesofhousesarethete in the placewhereyou liveT
3. Whatmakesyourflat/housecomfortableand cosy?
4. Howwouldvo! describethe placein your house/flatwhereyou spendmostofthe time?
5. Whatdoyouthink isitimportanttohavegoodrelations hipswithneighbouls? Explain
6- Whatisthernostprevalenttrend _
in yourcountry livingin citlesor in thecountry?
Z Wherewouldyou prefer-to livein the cityor in the countryside? Why?
8. Whatis your ideaofthe idealplaceto live?
9. s it commonin voLlrcountrvforpeopletomovemanytlmes Why?/Why
in theirlives? not?
10.HowcanoneenduPhomeless?

tr TEXT
Read the texts below in silence. Check the meaning of the \vords in bold snd answer
the questions below.

LIVING IN TOWNSAND CITIES

()ur whole lifb is matkd
we all are ver)' much influenced by the placewhere we grow up
by placeswhere \|'e live, stay or work There comes a time when $'e want to settle do$n
and create our own home. iveryone of us has a dream home in a dream country which
would correspondto all orll needsand desires. In real life we tryto make the bestpossibl{'
compromise we can. Living in towns ard cities has both advantagesand disadvantages
On the one hand, there are many job opportunities, better schooling possibilities'a rich
social life and sports facilities There are many cultural events held, such as concerts
Th{e
operasand theaire performances.Peoplecan go out to caf6s,pubs and night clubs
u.e ma,ry shoppit g malls, uhere one can buy all sorts of goods under-one rooi There
u f"t tn.ot hospitals which provide a high standard of health care On the
other hand, city inhabitants live in a polluted, noisy, crowded and hectic place The air
"r".,..,rity
in towns and ciiies is often polluted by fumes from factory chimneys and cars There rs
often a lot ofmess and dirt in the streets.Many city PeoPlelive in housingestates' which
is not an ideal place to raise children. The most seriousproblem of to\\'ns and cities is the
high level of crime caused by pickpockets, shoplifters, burglars, murderers nnd drug
de;lrs. ln the past, thre was a noticeable trend for peoplto move to towns' Nowadays
more and more people are moving back into the country, where they took for peaceand
quiet and a halthy way of living. Houses in villages are cheaperthan the ones in to$'ns
iiving in suburbs is an option for people who want to stay rway, but not very far lrom
 UNit4: HOUSING 55

'L Whatoptionsdo peoplehavewhenthey want to createtheirown homes?

2 . Talkaboutthe advantages
anddisddvantdges
of livingin townsancicirie,followingrhe
ideasin the text above.

TYPES
OFHOUSING
IN BRITAIN,
THEUSAANDSLOVAKIA
Ilfitish people pfefer to live in housesrather than flats. There are several types ofhouscs
rn Britainr terraced houses, back-to-back houses, semi-detached houses. detached
houses and bungalows. Terraced houses are built in a ro$', back to back houses shar
.r backrvall, semi detachedhousesareioined together by onc cornmon wall. A detached
rouse stands alone and a bungalow is built on olle ievel. Cottages, small traditiorat
-ountry houses, are quite popular in our country. Some families have cottages near
roods or lakes and like to spend their weekendsthere. British people also like country
.(-ruses.Sonle British lamilies have them in France. A typical British house is set in
: garden and has two storeys. lt is usually designed for a family oi four or live
'nall
::ople. Ihere is a hall, a front room, a back room, a kitchen and a storage space doivn
,:rirs. A garagis normally attached to the house. Upstairs, there is onc big bedroom
.:d lrro smaller oncs, a bathroom and a lavatory. In Britair, the size of property is
determined by the number ofbedrooms.
ln the centre of big American cities, man). people live in {partments (flats) situated
Largeapartment buildings whose owners live there too. They are callcd condomi-
jriums (condos). Many Amricans live in detached houseswith a front yard and a back
::d (a sarden).
\lany Sloval(slive in flats. A flat is situated in the same building as other flats, of
:.: torming part of a block of flats. These days, a lot of housing estates are being re-
: ::ritructed and new ones are being built. Slovakhousesare usuallyquite big and the

-:rrdchildren. Living in rented flats and houses is becoming quite normal especially
' : .oungerfamilies.

_ ROOMS,
INTERIOR FURNITURE
ANDHOUSEHOLD
APPLIANCES
-- turniture in British and Slovakrooms is not very differnt nowadays.The sitting room
:: r settee and irrmchairs,a w{ll unit with a hi-fi system,a T\r set and a D\.D player
. irokcase and a cofleetable.Most British houseshavea fireplace due to thc cold weather.
'.::enfurnitureincludeskitchcncupboards,asink,acookerandafridge,freezer.They
.-: ,;ually all built-in- There iBalso a table with chairs or stools. The floor in the kitchen ts
:: tild. The bedroom has a doublebed,built-in wardrobes, a dressingtable with a mir
:r the wall and a stool in front of the table.Arnerican housesare well furnished and
:]ipped rvith modern household appliances, such as a cooke! a grill, an oven, a mic,
55 ANGLICTINA
- I\4ATURITA

rowaveover! a kettle, a fridge with an ice-qusher, a freezet a toaste! a food processor,

a dishwashe!a washingmachine,a dryer, avacuumcleanerand an air-conditioner,amongst
othe$.Eachchild in thefamilyhashis/herownroom.like Bdtishpeople,Ame cansdo not
usually stayin the samehousetheir whole lives. Somefamilies like to moveto other pats
of the country and changehousesmore than oncein a decade.Thyusuallyhire a removal
company to movetheir furniture, appliancesand other necessaryequipment.

EXTERIOR
Both Slovaksand British peoplelove decoratingtheir housesand gardening.Slovaks
tend to havebiggergardensbehindtheir housesand theyspendquitea lot of time grow-
ing vegetables and fruit. British gardensare rather small and are more often usedfor
relaxationthan for growingvegetables. Thereis a lot ofwork aroundthe housethrough-
out the whole year.Slovaksare saidto be very skilful and do a lot of work themselves.
Mowing the lawn, sowing seeds,weeding the flowerbed3,planting flowers,watering
them,buildinga greenhouse,tdmming the hedge,cutting treebranches,fixing roofs,
painting rooms, putting in the flooring and other iobs in the home are manageable
without taking any specialDIY (Do-It-Yourself) courseor needingto studyanymanuals.

BUYINGA HOUSE/FLAT

Both in Slovakiaand GreatBritain,it is not easyto buy one'sown flat or a house.lnboth

countries,the pricesofproperty are extremelyhigh. It is impossiblefor a youngfamily
to buy a flat without their parents'helpor a mortgage.Theyhaveto pay it offin regular
monthly instalments. In order to buy a house,a family doesnot needto haveall the
moneyanymore- therearemanybanksfrom which it is possibleto bonow up to 90 per
centof the value of the houseas a mortgage.Almost half of all British familiesown the
housesin which they live. A lot of them pay off their mortgagesfor many yearsafter
moving into a house.In our country,more and more popletake advantageof mort-
gagestoo. Sometake out a loan for the reconstructionoftheir flatsor houses.However,
after the credit crunch, it hasbecomemore difncultin both countriesto borrow money
from a bank.
 Unit4:HOUSING 57

tr VOCABULARY
LIST
advantage vihoda inhabitant obyvatel
apartment{AmE)-byt instalments mesatnesplStky
.ttached to pripojeni k in orderto aby,za iaelom
back-toba* house- dom spojeni joined spojeni
s druhimdomomzadnoustenou kettle varn; kanvica
blockofflats panelSk
bookcase kni:nlca(police) manageable zvl6dnutelhi
to borrow - po:iaat5i marked (by) poznaieni
branch- koniir mess neporiadok
built-in - vstavani mortgage [mr:9rd5] - hypot6ka
bungalow- bungalov (prizemnidom) murdeier[m] daral-vrah
burglarlbl:9lal- vlamai,zlodej noisy hlutni
(ommon - spoloani noticeable- znaani oiividni
<ompromi5elkDmpramarzl - kompromis option tDpJanl- volba
(ondominium(condo)- kondominium, on (the)one hand- nalednejsvane
vlastni byt v spoloanejbytovejziisravbe on theother hand- nadruhejstrane
oven [^v.n]- rira

cottage - chalupa to pay off - spJ5cat

credit crunch lkr^itjl- Uveroviikriza pickpo<ket- vreckovizlodej
crowded- preplneni polluted [p. u trd]- zneiisteni
cupboard- kuchynsk;linka property - majetok
decade[dekrd, a sodrkerd] dehda to provide Ipravard] poskytnnt
to design- navrhndt to raise- vychovat
desire[drzara] tIiba rented - prenajati
deta(hed house [drtattt] samostatnidom roof ku:fl - strecha
determined{by) urteni
disadvantage nevihoda semi-deta<hedhouse dvojdom
dryer suiiika set (in) - !miestneni vsadeni(do)
du to [d]u t.l kv6li seitee lsetil gaui
equipment vybavenie, zariadenie tosettledown usadilsa
equipped (with) zariadenirvybaveni shoplifter zlodejv obchode
racility tfa-srlrtrl vybavenie;mo:nosl shoppingmall nikupn6centrum
'actory chimny [t!mnr] komintov5rne sink - kuchynskidrez
skilful (AmE:skillful) zruani obratny
stool lstu:l sto itka bezopfadla
'ood pro(essor kuchynskirobot storagespace[st):trd3spe6]- skladovaci
'iidge-freezer chladniikas mrazniikou priestor
'rrme fru ml dym storey poschodie
;.ds tovar suburb predmestie
teenhouse sklenik totend {to) smerovalinklinova{k
terracedhouse dom v radovejzitstavbe
:.hold konatsa,usporiadat tiled [tand] vydl;:deni
tou5eholdappliance{haushauld
.'plarent value hodnota
rom;cispotrebia wall unit zostavan6bytkudo obivaiky
iouting estate sidlisko waldrobe ;atnik
<e'crusher drvii Iadu
:. influence ovplyvnit