-122-

s1!d(.ie l~p ehohai qutic gia trtroc khi man nhiem

ky ci'ia'Anh, nhimg roi ho chiing si'raso~n dl,fgc
gica.
Btroc ti~, do Lien bang. A R~p -g<>mbay mroc :
Ai-C~p, iSyrie, Liban, Irak, Transjordanie, A R~p
Seoudite va Palestine hQP nhau Iai phankhang
quyet dinh cua Lien Hiep Quot~. Tir Damas t&i
Amman, tir Bagdad to-i Le Caire, dau .dau ngu,ai ta
cflnghl) hao dt,r b! cuoc thanh chien. NgUCYita het
Ian trong dai pl~a{thanh : Mohamed truyen: fIr '
tui di giilO ta,o' cong cac con thr caccon se tam
tr~llg mau cua chung,: Ngti'CYi ta phat nhfrng truyen
don giQng that gang va hang : A ! Tui 00 Thai
b~o Jahve cua ho la than chien thang ll"? Thi chung ,
ta se cho hQthay ding Islam cling la mot ton giao
biet dung It,l'<h Idem, .. ) Tai khap cac chau thanho'
. TAy A, ng\1'(yi ta thu nhan linb tlnh nguy~n,'Ng\1'(')'i
ta tin chac' s~ thi\ng' :ml)t ben bon chuc tri~u ngiro'i,
IIlQt hen gHth.ua trj~1l(650.000 ngtro i) : Chung ta
se t~ diet Do Thai. lam cho hau the phii'i nhactc;
cluing ta nl1U'~lhlk toi cac CU9Ctimsat cua M.Oilg'
Co .va Thap ,tg quan . _
Vii. cuoc thanh ~hieil bUt dau tir nam 1947, ngay
trrroc mat nha dim quyen Anh mil' quandoi Anh
lam Iokhongcan thiep, Minh sap rut lui, gay jhu
oan lam gi ?, ff '

, Linh A R~p bat dauian cong cac 'la,ngbphia

Bac.Palestine, d6.t pha, ,chem giet ; fi)i ho dt nhap ,
 -289- .:

,can~ gAng sue tb} k~tqDl cang t6t dep .T6Dll.i he)
flit t~o nea dlit tot;' ,
, ,'Nhtrng con ngll(yit~o n~n,A(t t6tth} con, tigllai
~ciingt~onen--sa' m~e.lir'khi ogllui A.R.1l1a.jchi~m
- thf Neguev thin~hhoang wu, vi muiSoqua ,phU'ang
, Tay ho 'e~nhrrngcQiJ 4l!ang khac,khOog 91 qua'
Neguev nfraiBuon ban kh,orig'C!~<ic',dAn ell Neguev
di no'i,kh-*e~eay cfsi m(ltphankhong dllQ'e~ans6c
maeh~t~in(lt phitnb1- de doint du muc pha.phach,
dit c~n di,h~LJ>him; thAilhd(teh~t.Va,Sil mac
Negu~v ntm [lgu trenm(lthgAonlhndgingiraiDo
Th~i,tai' maLboi tinn.'
-, ,
','
HQ'b!f'd~u :~haipha nihn'1943 ,b :ba-nOi:
Gvoulnth;Revivim; Beth Estiel,'~dllo sAn th(y c6
, mach Dllac, Iill'ac tuyhoi m~n; nhimg e6' th~ dung
d~' ttlaiy~t'lol;licay dllQ'C. H~ co' cay, ba,t ky'cay
.'gi, III dnse h?3i SInh.
, Nam'1946, mOt 16-pngU'ai tien khu niratieos8:n
hqn~u6Iigphu(Y.ilgNam, 'd~tongdin nU'ac tirxa
v tetI(170cay so I), ,thanh r~p 111ang,m&i langkhaj
pha khoAng ,50 min Anh, tn-ctfen 25 hec-ta.
,r{Yinam"1948, trong chien tranh, -ho da. e6 27
Iangtro~gmien, trirmQl lang; con 26 Uag kia deu
cb6ngdl1'Q'c:dteh mot each rat anh dilng. 'Cae <lng
di~:n1.l'{yebjpha h~t. San chi~n tranbcchlnh qnyen
IsraelxA:y,dtrngl~i. vaeon:g ~i~e Ufo t~i~n ratmau.
,ebung ta s.6ng b.mQl xu dtr mroc, s6ng,r~ch
:chltngchj,t,tnoi narn mtra tir ba tai b6n thuae
 -315-
chuc narn, nen tai mot so kibboutz, the h~ tllil' ba
dii tot tuoi thanh nhan roi. Tam chuc.phan tdim
a
h:e sanh t;o~g Idbboutz, lo n len tl! y Iaikibboutz.
Ket. qua (1o:dimg gi In khii quan vi tho'ida! chimg
tit, ai cling hamratinh a,
mil nhirng thanh nien toi
,tuM tnrqng thanh, phai di quan dichhai nam nro'i,
lam viec trong mot kibbolltZ. m&i thanh l~p mot
narn nira, tongcQng:xa kibboutz non 4 nam, ma
..,i\n khong hi diYi song bngoai camdo.
Nhieu ngtriYi 16'n vi nhiern V'U phai lam viec &
ngoai kibboutz ma v:n nho dcri song kibboutz . .Thu
Tu6'ng Ben Go~rion charig han, khi ro-i chinh
trL1~qllgtra ve 50nga kibboutz.

1\19f songuo i trach rang giao due o'kibhoutz

I hoi thien ky luat, d~ cho tre tl! do qua ;trln11 <19
lai thap, nen keo dai ban trung hoc them mot nam
nfra. Sau cung phi ton qua rr~ng : giao vien, giao str
deulil lroi vien trong kibboutz khong lanh' ltro-ng,
neu pha]. muon giao chirc ,& ngoai thi kho co
kibboutz nao tra llrong nM. (l)
Val vanil'P.: kh6 khan
.Xet chung tlnh hoa hao trongkibboutz khacao
JlguiYi ta coi nhau la d.ong chi , than thie;t. vO'j
~hau ban ngtroi ngoai, chang han ban nhfrng cong

(I) Do~n ve giao due nay chung toi thamkhao cu~n Civilisation
itu kibboutz (sach da cilln) va c.u3n Le Kibboutz cua Moshe
. Ke~'emtroni lo~iistael auiourd-hui Jerusalem~ z.g63