i hc Cng nghip H Ni Khoa Cng Ngh Ho

PHN 1: M U

1.1. Gii thiu nguyn liu Km sunfua

Km sulfua l mt hp cht v c c cng thc ha hc l ZnS. y l dng chnh ca

km trong t nhin m khong vt ph bin l sphalerit. Khong vt ny dng tinh khit c
mu trng, tuy nhin n thng c mu en do ln nhiu tp cht v c s dng rng ri
lm cht to mu. dng tng hp kt cht, km sulfua c th trong sut v c dng
lm ca s trong knh nh sng kh kin hay knh hng ngoi.
Cu trc
ZnS tn ti dng dng kt tinh chnh v hai dng ny a hnh c trng. mi dng,
hnh dng hnh hc phi hp ca Zn v S l t din. Dng lp phng bn hn c gi
l sphalerit. Dng su phng c gi l wurtzit, tuy nhin n cng c th c tng hp.
[1]
Dng chuyn tip t sphalerit sang wurtzit xy ra nhit khong 1020 C. Dng t
din cng c bit l tn ti khong vt rt him tn l polhemusit vi cng thc
(Zn,Hg)S.
ng dng
Vt liu pht quang[sa | sa m ngun]
Km sulfua c trn thm vi ppm cht kch hot thch hp, c dng trong nhiu ng dng
nh ng phng tia m cc, mn hnh tia X n cc sn phm pht sng trong ti. Khi s dng
bc lm cht kch hot, n to ra mu xanh lam sng bc sng ti a 450 nanomet. Khi s
dng mangan s cho ra mu vng cam bc sng khong 590 nanomet. ng cho thi gian
pht sng di hn, v n c mu gn ging nh lc trong bng ti. Hp kim km sulfua c ng
("ZnS vi Cu") cng c s dng trong cc tm pht quang in t. [4] hp cht km sulfua cng
th hin tnh ln quang do cc tp cht pht sng cho nh sng xanh lam hoc t ngoi.

Vt liu quang hc[sa | sa m ngun]

Km sulfua cng c s dng lm cc vt liu quang hc hng ngoi, truyn sng t bc
sng nh sng kh kin n hn 12 micromet. N c th c s dng dng phng nh ca
s quang hc hoc dng cu nh thu knh. N c to ra dng tm vi tinh th qua qu trnh
tng hp t kh hydro sulfua v hi km, v vt liu ny c bn cp FLIR (Forward Looking
IR), trong vt liu ny km sulfua c mu vng sa, c. Vt liu ny khi b p ng tnh nng c
th chuyn thnh dng trong nh nc c gi l Cleartran (thng hiu). Cc dng thng
mi trc y c tn trn th trng l Irtran-2, nhng dng ny hin li thi.

Cht to mu[sa | sa m ngun]

Km sulfua l mt cht to mu ph bin, i khi cn c goi l sachtolith. Khi kt hp vi bari
sulfat to km sulfua lithopon.[5]

Cht xc tc[sa | sa m ngun]

Bt ZnS mn l mt cht xc tc quang hc hiu qu to ra kh hydro t nc ty thuc vo
pht quang. Tch lu hunh c th c thu hi t ZnS trong qu trnh tng hp n; qu trnh
ny chuyn t t ZnS vng trng thnh bt mu nu, v gia tng hot ng xc tc quang hc
thng qua vic tng cng hp th nh sng.[6]

Tnh cht bn dn[sa | sa m ngun]

C sphalerit v wurtzit l cc cht ni bn dn rng vng cm, thuc bn dn nhm II-VI.
Chng thch hp vi cc cu trc lin quan n nhiu cht bn dn khc nh gallium arsenua.
Dng lp phng ca ZnS c nng lng vng cn (band gap) khong 3,54 electron volt
300 kelvin, nhng dng su phng c khong trng nng lng khong 3,91 eV. ZnS c th
c nng ln thnh cht bn dn kin n hoc cht bn dn kiu p.

SV: Nguyn Vn ng 1 n mn hc
i hc Cng nghip H Ni Khoa Cng Ngh Ho

1.2. Gii thiu sn phm km sunfat

Km sulfat c cng thc ha hc ZnSO4, l mt hp cht v c dng bt,

mu trng, khng mi, c tnh thp.

ng dng:

c s dng lm phn bn nguyn t vi lng ngn chn cc loi cy trng do thiu Zn v

tng nng sut cy trng.
Cc ng dng chnh ca ha cht cng nghip Km Sulphate Monohydrate l nh mt cht
lm ng trong vic sn xut t nhn to.
Km sunphat cng l mt tin thn ca Lithopone sc t.
+ ng dng Ha cht cng nghip Km Sunphat
Dng trong cng nghip sn xut mui v c
Ty r kim loi trc khi hn
Ra chai l thu tinh
Cng nghip thuc da nhum, m in, tng hp hu c.
Loi tinh khit dng ch bin thc phm
Ha cht cng nghip km sunphat c s dng nh trong in cho m km, nh mt gn
mu trong nhum, nh mt cht bo qun cho da v da v trong y hc nh mt cht lm se v
nn
Km Sulphate Monohydrate cng c s dng lm thuc th trong phng th nghim
Ngoi ra ha cht cng nghip H Ni km sunphat ZnSO4 cn c s dng lm ph gia
thc n chn nui.

Sn xut km sunfat:

Km sunfate c sn xut bi phn ng t nguyn liu c cha km (nh kim loi, oxit km,
qung sunfua) vi axit sunfuric.
Phn ng ca kim loi km vi axit sunfuric nh sau:
Zn + H2SO4 + 7 H2O ZnSO4(H2O)7 + H2

SV: Nguyn Vn ng 2 n mn hc