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Full text of "<a href="/details/jstor-2994788">Grape Mildew</a>"
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42 BOTANICAL GAZETTE.
long period of hot and dry weather can reduce a tall branching
plant, to a low branchless one, and may show under what influences
plants may acquire the leafless scapes and radical leaves which are
characteristic of so many species. Jos. F. James, Cincinnati, Ohio.
Proterandry in Amaryllis reginse. The species here

named is now occasionally cultivated from South America as a
house plant, for which purpose it possesses many desirable charac-
teristics. The large crimson-red, nodding flowers exhibit proteran-
dry in a manner easily observed. The stamens are in two sets of
three each, the outer being somewhat shorter than the inner. They
are all nearly straight at first but soon begin to curve upward.
The anthers are versatile, and when first appearing are f of an

inch in length. From six to ten hours after the flower opens the
dehiscence of the anthers takes place by a gradual splitting open
on each side, the valves rolling up so as to hide their external sur-
face completely from view; or in other words the anther is turned
inside out. At the same time the valves become fluted like a ruffle
thereby shortening the anther so that when the dehiscence is com-
plete the anther is only about 3-16 of an inch long. The dehis-
cence takes place in the short stamens about four or five hours be-
fore it does in the long ones. The pollen is very abundant, forming
nearly one-half the bulk of the anther. The styles of the three-
celled ovary are united into one, with a three-lobed stigma. During
the dehiscence of the anthers the stigma remains closed, and is
turned downward away from the anthers, thus preventing any pol-
len from coming in contact with it. After about twenty-four hours
the style curves upwards, and the lobes of the stigma turn back, or
open, and are ready to receive the pollen. This, however, must
now come from a fresh anther of another flower. From the
structure of the flower, and the character of the pollen it is well
nigh impossible that the latter could be brought to the stigma by
the wind. No doubt, therefore, this Amaryllis in its native region
is wholly dependent for its fertilization upon some insect, probably
some moth with a long proboscis. To this end a liberal supply of
nectar is secreted at the bottom of the perianth. J. Troop, Botan-
ical Laboratory, Ithaca, N. Y.
Grape Mildew. In the Gazette for March I stated that the

conidia of Peronospora viticola were not known to occur on the
flowers and young berries of the grape in this country. The
remark is untrue as far as the Western States is concerned, for in
the Transactions of the St. Louis Academy of Science of Sept. 16,
1861, Dr. Engelmann mentions that in Missouri the fungus appears
in June, and on the pedicels and young bei'ries when they are of
the size of small peas or smaller, although he bad never seen it on
BOTANICAL GAZETTE. 43
would accordingly account for the fact that the vines suffer more
from the fungus in the Western than in the Eastern States. W.
G. Farlow.
Notes from the Mississippi Pine Barrens. The winter

has brought little cessation in vegetable activity. With the late
blooming fall flowers, Asters, (especially A. squarrosus and A. ad-
natus), Ascyrums and Lobelia glandulosa, would open now and
then, a belated Cape Jasmine, and a second bloom of several spring
flowering plants. Pear trees and apricots bloomed throughout No-
vember; Gelsemium sempervirens on Nov. 22nd, and Crataegus Py-
racantha during the first week of December. Stellaria media has
been in continuous bloom. The thirty rainy days in the month of
January gave no opportunity for rambles in the Pine Woods, but
Arabis Ludoviciana appeared January 7th, and Houstonia minima
on the 10th. The gardens were fragrant with English violets, Hy-
acinths and Narcissi, N. Polyanthus opening first on Christmas
day. In N. Tazetta, the polymorphism of the perianth is very
frequent, occurring with but three, or sometimes four divisions in
the same umbel with the normal flowers. The number of stamens
is also reduced to correspond with the perianth. From day to day
an adventurous rose would open. The dainty Rosa Banksiae first
appeared, January 19th. Magnolia purpurea and Pyrus Japonica
were in bloom February 2nd, when the fellow Jessamine was again
opening in sheltered spots. On February 4th the ground, in moist
places, was starred with Ranunculus fasciciilaris ; the dark-eyed,
purple Houstonia was everywhere abundant; Viola primulaefolia,
Primus Caroliniana, Vaccinium tenellum and Allium striatum,
were blooming, and over the Barrens many mosses were beautifully
in fruit. Martha B. Flint, Brookhaven, Miss.
New Species of Fungi; by Chas. H. Peck. Cantharellus

Morgani. Pileus thin, plane or centrally depressed and subin-
fundibuliform, glabrous, red, the margin involute; lamellae narrow,
decurrent, dichotomously branched, whitish; stem equal or slightly
enlarged above, solid, paler than the pileus; spores minute,subellip-
tical, .00016 .0002 of an inch long.
Plant 8-12 lines high, pileus 6-10 lines broad, stems 1-2 lines
thick.
Under coniferous trees. Vermont. A. P. Morgan.
This is a small species resembling C. Guyanensis Mont., which,

according to the description, differs in its thick coriaceous reddish-
orange pileus, yellow hymenium and thick corneous fistulose stem.
The pileus in our plant has a light-red or pinkish-red color, and I
do not detect any peppery taste to the flesh.
Polyporus fraxinophilus. Pileus sessile, thick, corky, more

or less ungulate, somewhat decurrent, concentrically sulcate, rimose
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Proterandry in Amaryllis reginse. The species here

The anthers are versatile, and when first appearing are f of an

Grape Mildew. In the Gazette for March I stated that the

Notes from the Mississippi Pine Barrens. The winter

New Species of Fungi; by Chas. H. Peck. Cantharellus

Under coniferous trees. Vermont. A. P. Morgan.

This is a small species resembling C. Guyanensis Mont., which,

Polyporus fraxinophilus. Pileus sessile, thick, corky, more

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