The World of Energy

Chapter 30 LNG Technology - Processes

30.3. Thermodynamics of LNG Liquefaction

Processes

Ch. 30 - 40
 Carnot Cycle for Pure Component Refrigeration

150

Feed Gas In
Temp., deg.C

Carnot Cycle Ideal Work

For LNG Liquefaction

Evaporation

-170
LNG Out
Entropy
Ch. 30 - 41
 Carnot Cycle for SMR Process
150

Feed Gas In
Temp., deg.C

Carnot Cycle Ideal Work

For LNG Liquefaction

- 170
LNG Out
Entropy Ch. 30 - 42
 Carnot Cycle for C3/MR Process
150
Temp., deg.C

Carnot Cycle
Mixed Ideal Work Feed Gas In
Refrigerant
For LNG
Liquefaction 3 Stages Propane

-170
LNG Out
Entropy
Ch. 30 - 43
 Carnot Cycle for Cascade Process
PROPANE
150 ETHYLENE REFRIGERATION
METHANE
REFRIGERATION
REFRIGERATION

Feed Gas In
Temp., deg.C

Area of Process nefficiency

Carnot Cycle
Ideal Work
For LNG
Liquefaction

LNG Out

Entropy
- 170
Ch. 30 - 44
 Superimposed Carnot Cycle
for LNG Processes
150
1st MCR Compr. discharge

3rd. C3 Compr. 2nd. C3 Compr. 1st. C3 Compr.

2nd MCRCompr. discharge discharge discharge discharge
Temp., deg.C

Mixed
Refrigerant Feed Gas In
Chillers Inlet Carnot Cycle Ideal
Work For LNG
Area of Process

Liquefaction

3 Stages
Inefficiency

Propane

Thermodynamic Efficiency of
LNG Out
1st MCR Compr. SMR (Red Line Area) vs
suction
C3/MR (Green Line Area)

-170
JT Valve Inlet JT Valve Outlet
Entropy
Ch. 30 - 45