CBCT anatomical structures

Anatomy in the Large FOV

A 0.15-mm slice at the level of the mandibular fossa (top of condyle).

A 1-mm slice at the level of the mandibular fossa (middle of condyle).
A 21.5-mm slice from the palatal to midportion of condyle.
processed to show airway structures
A 2.2-mm slice through the mandibular fossa (middle of condyle).
A 0.15-mm slice through the mandibular fossa (medial pole of condyle).
A 100-mm slab rendering (lateral pole of condyle)
A 60-mm slab rendering (middle of condyle)
This 13.2-mm slice serves as a pseudoradiograph of the posterior region of the
condyles.
A 0.15-mm slice through the middle ear region.
A 33.2-mm slice through the posterior region of the mandibular fossa.
A 100-mm slab reconstruction through the mandibular fossa.
A 0.15-mm slice through the mandibular fossa (middle of the condyles).
A 33.2-mm slab through the condyles.
A 100-mm slab rendering through the mandibular fossa showing the airway.
A 100-mm slab rendering through the mandibular fossa
 A 0.15-mm slice through middle of sphenoid sinus
A 0.15-mm slice through the middle of pterygoid plate
A 0.15-mm slice through the middle of pterygoid plates.
A 0.15-mm slice through the posterior region of maxillary sinus
A 0.15-mm slice through the middle of maxillary sinus
A 0.15-mm slice through the anterior region of maxillary sinus
A 32.3-mm slab through the anterior region of maxillary sinus
A 26.9-mm slice through the middle of condyles
A 53.2-mm slab through the posterior ramus
A 53.2-mm slab through the middle of ascending ramus
A 53.2-mm slab through the anterior region of the maxillary sinus
A 53.2-mm slab through the posterior region of the maxillary sinus
A 100-mm slab rendering through the region of the condyles
A 69.9-mm slab rendering through the midregion of the maxillary sinus, also showing
the airway
A 69.9-mm slab rendering through the posterior region of the maxillary sinus, also
showing the airway
A 69.9-mm slab rendering through the anterior region of the sphenoid sinus, also
showing the airway
Multiplanar reconstructed images showing axial (a), sagittal (b), and coronal (c) views
through the middle of the mandibular condyles.

Anatomy in the Small FOV

even an area as small as 4 x 4 cm, when positioned over the condyle or used to image
an impacted mandibular third molar, may capture some very important anatomical
structures.
The foramen for the internal carotid artery (top left, arrow) in its position medial to the
mandibular fossa and medial condylar pole. The beginning of the path of the carotid
artery toward the sella region is visible (bottom right, arrows).
Continuation of the internal carotid artery (arrows)
A widening of the canal for the internal carotid artery (arrows)
As the scan moves superior to the condylar head, the upward turn of the internal
carotid artery adjacent to the sella turcica and sphenoid sinus is visible (bottom right,
arrows)
3D color reconstruction taken through the neck of the condyle showing the opening for
the internal carotid artery (arrow)
The entire canal is outlined, including where the artery ascends (black arrow), the canal
itself (white arrows), and the opening near the sphenoid sinus (orange arrow) where the
artery ascends once more
This view shows the sphenoid sinus (white arrow) and the place adjacent to the sinus
where the internal carotid artery ascends adjacent to the sella turcica (orange arrow)
3D reconstruction at the level of the superior portion of the ramus where it joins the
condylar neck. The canals for both the internal jugular vein (white arrow) and the
internal carotid artery (orange arrow) are visible
The Endoscopic tool allows 3D reconstruction of the internal carotid artery canal from
inside the canal. The small red x near the condyle in the scan on the left is in the vicinity
of the stapes (arrows) shown in the 3D reconstruction on the right.
Further down the canal, the 3D reconstruction on the right shows the stapes (upper
arrow) and the central portion of the canal for the internal carotid artery (lower arrow)
A view from inside the canal proceeding further toward the region of the sphenoid
sinus
A view slightly more inferior on the ramus showing both the foramen spinosum (left
arrow) and the foramen ovale (right arrow). See if you can identify the openings for the
internal carotid artery and internal jugular vein in this image
A similar view of these two foramina seen at a more superior level near the midportion
of the condyle
Multiplanar views showing the opening for the foramen ovale (arrows) in the coronal,
sagittal, and axial planes as well as a 3D color reconstruction. Note the proximity of this
foramen to the condylar region
Similar multiplanar reconstructions of the area showing the approximate location of the
internal carotid artery (arrows) near the sphenoid sinus
An axial slice taken by a small FOV CBCT unit to evaluate the left TMJ. The sequence
begins with the view of the midroot region of the maxillary left second molar
A slice from a slightly superior level showing the relationship of a small portion of the
dens axis to the lateral mass of the arch of C1 (atlas)
A slightly more superior view showing the origin of this styloid process, a small region
of the dens axis, and the foramen in C1 to transmit the vertebral artery
A slice at this level shows structures that are more recognizable, such as the condyle,
nasal septum, and medial and lateral pterygoid plates. In most cases, the data set for
the contralateral TMJ complex will be imaged for comparison. Thus, the clinician needs
to look at all of these structures from the opposite side in the fossa of Rosenmller.
Obliteration of this space can indicate a space-occupying lesion
At a level near the top of the condyle, some of the foramina in the base of the skull
become visible, including the foramen spinosum and the foramina for the internal
carotid artery and internal jugular vein
Structures in this axial slice may not be familiar to most dental clinicians. The carotid
canal is well identified as it nears the parasellar region, and structures of the temporal
bone, such as the tympanic membrane and basal turn of the cochlea, now become
apparent
More superiorly, more temporal bone structures become visible, including the malleus,
vestibule, and cochlea. Neuroradiologists can identify up to 70 structures in the
temporal bone alone. It is beyond the scope of this atlas to identify all structures within
the temporal bone
This thin slice coronal reconstruction shows some of the structures in the parasellar
region, including the foramen rotundum and pterygoid canal
A slightly more posterior view shows other structures of the floor of the skull, such as
the foramen ovale
This view at the level of the neck of the condyle shows the cavernous sinus and
foramen spinosum