UBND TNH THI NGUYN THI TUYN SINH VO LP 10

S GIO DC V O TO NM HC 2012 - 2013

MN HA HC
(Thi gian lm bi 150 pht khng k thi gian giao )
CHNH THC

Cu 1 (3,0 im)
Mt hn hp A gm hai cht hu c X,Y mch h khng tc dng vi dd Br2 v u tc dng vi
dd NaOH. T khi hi ca A i vi H2 bng 35,6. Cho A tc dng hon ton vi dd NaOH th
thy phi dng dd cha 8 gam NaOH, phn ng cho ta mt ru n chc v hai mui ca axit
hu c n chc. Nu cho ton th lng ru thu c tc dng vi Na kim loi d thy thot ra
1,344lt kh ( ktc).
Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca X,Y.
1. C 3 cht lng l ru etylic (90 0), benzen v nc ng trong cc l ring bit. Trnh
by phng php n gin phn bit chng.
2. Hp cht hu c A mch h cha C,H,O c khi lng mol bng 60 gam. Tm cng thc
phn t, vit cc cng thc cu to ng vi cng thc phn t ca A. Xc nh cng thc cu to
ng ca A, bit rng A tc dng c vi KOH v vi K kim loi.
1. Cho hn hp A gm Zn, Fe vo dung dch (dd) B gm Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3. Lc u cho
phn ng xong thu c hn hp rn C gm 3 kim loi v dung dch D gm 2 mui. Trnh by
phng php tch tng kim loi ra khi hn hp C v tch ring tng mui ra khi dung dch D.
Vit cc phng trnh ha hc (PTHH) ca cc phn ng xy ra.
2. Cho hn hp cht rn gm FeS, CuS, K2O. Ch c dng thm nc v cc iu kin
cn thit (nhit , xc tc, ...) hy trnh by phng php v vit cc PTHH ca cc phn ng xy
ra iu ch FeSO4, Cu(OH)2.
3. C 3 kim loi ring bit l km, st, bc. Hy nu phng php ho hc nhn bit
tng kim loi (cc dng c ho cht coi nh c ). Vit PTHH ca cc phn ng.
4. Trnh by phng php ho hc nhn bit 3 dd khng mu ng trong 3 l ring bit
khng nhn: dd axit clohiric, dd natri cacbonat, dd kali clorua m khng c dng thm thuc
th no khc. Vit cc PTHH ca cc phn ng.
Cu 2 (2,5 im)
Mt hn hp A gm hai cht hu c X,Y mch h khng tc dng vi dd Br2 v u tc dng vi
dd NaOH. T khi hi ca A i vi H2 bng 35,6. Cho A tc dng hon ton vi dd NaOH th
thy phi dng dd cha 8 gam NaOH, phn ng cho ta mt ru n chc v hai mui ca axit
hu c n chc. Nu cho ton th lng ru thu c tc dng vi Na kim loi d thy thot ra
1,344lt kh ( ktc).
Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca X,Y.
1. C 3 cht lng l ru etylic (90 0), benzen v nc ng trong cc l ring bit. Trnh
by phng php n gin phn bit chng.
2. Hp cht hu c A mch h cha C,H,O c khi lng mol bng 60 gam. Tm cng thc
phn t, vit cc cng thc cu to ng vi cng thc phn t ca A. Xc nh cng thc cu to
ng ca A, bit rng A tc dng c vi KOH v vi K kim loi.
1. Cho hn hp A gm Zn, Fe vo dung dch (dd) B gm Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3. Lc u cho
phn ng xong thu c hn hp rn C gm 3 kim loi v dung dch D gm 2 mui. Trnh by
phng php tch tng kim loi ra khi hn hp C v tch ring tng mui ra khi dung dch D.
3. Ba ru (ancol) A, B, D khng phi ng phn ca nhau. Khi t chy mi ru u
thu c CO2 v H2O vi t l mol tng ng l 3 : 4.
a) Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A,B, D. Bit MA < MB < MD .
b) Vit cng thc cu to ca A,B, D.
4. Axit hu c A c cng thc cu to: HOOC CH=CH CH = CH COOH

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va c tnh cht ha hc ging axit axetic va c tnh cht ha hc ging etilen. Hy vit PTHH
ca cc phn ng ca A ln lt vi cc cht sau: Na; NaOH; C 2H5OH (H2SO4 c, t0); H2(Ni, t0); dd
nc Br2.
Cu 3 (2,0 im)
1. Cho 9,34 gam hn hp A gm 3 mui MgCl 2, NaBr, KI tc dng vi 700 ml dung dch
AgNO3 c nng 0,2 mol/lt (M) thu c dung dch D v kt ta B. Lc kt ta B, cho 2,24 gam bt
Fe vo dung dch D thu c cht rn F v dung dch E. Cho F vo dung dch HCl d to ra 0,448 lt H 2
iu kin tiu chun ( ktc). Cho dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch E thu c kt ta, nung kt ta
trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 2,4 gam cht rn (gi s cc phn ng xy ra hon
ton).
a) Tnh khi lng kt ta B.
b) Ha tan 46,7 gam hn hp A trn vo nc to ra dung dch X. Dn V lt Cl 2 vo dung
dch X, c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 33,1 gam mui. Tnh V( ktc)?
2. Hn hp A gm dung dch cha cc cht kali clorua, magie hirocacbonat, canxi
clorua , magie sunfat , kali sunfat . Lm th no thu c mui kaliclorua tinh khit t hn hp
trn?
Cu 4 (2,5 im)
1. Cc hirocacbon A; B thuc dy anken hoc ankin. t chy hon ton 0,05mol hn hp
A; B thu c khi lng CO2 v H2O l 15,14g, trong oxi chim 77,15%.
a) Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A v B.
b) Nu t chy hon ton 0,05mol hn hp A v B c t l s mol thay i ta vn thu c
mt lng kh CO2 nh nhau. Xc nh cng thc phn t ng ca A v B.
2. Mt hn hp A gm hai cht hu c X,Y mch h khng tc dng vi dd Br 2 v u tc
dng vi dd NaOH. T khi hi ca A i vi H 2 bng 35,6. Cho A tc dng hon ton vi dd
NaOH th thy phi dng dd cha 8 gam NaOH, phn ng cho ta mt ru n chc v hai mui
ca axit hu c n chc. Nu cho ton th lng ru thu c tc dng vi Na kim loi d thy
thot ra 1,344lt kh ( ktc).
Xc nh cng thc phn t v cng thc cu to ca X,Y.
1. C 3 cht lng l ru etylic (90 0), benzen v nc ng trong cc l ring bit. Trnh
by phng php n gin phn bit chng.
2. Hp cht hu c A mch h cha C,H,O c khi lng mol bng 60 gam. Tm cng thc
phn t, vit cc cng thc cu to ng vi cng thc phn t ca A. Xc nh cng thc cu to
ng ca A, bit rng A tc dng c vi KOH v vi K kim loi.
1. Cho hn hp A gm Zn, Fe vo dung dch (dd) B gm Cu(NO3)2, AgNO3. Lc u cho
phn ng xong thu c hn hp rn C gm 3 kim loi v dung dch D gm 2 mui. Trnh by
phng php tch tng kim loi ra khi hn hp C v tch ring tng mui ra khi dung dch D.

(Cho: Na=23; Mg=24; Ca=40; Fe=56; Ag=108; H=1;

O=16; Cl=35,5; Br=80; I=127; N=14; C=12)

H v tn th sinh: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SBD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Gim th 1 (k, ghi r h v tn)

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 UBND TNH THI NGUYN HD CHM TUYN SINH VO LP 10
S GIO DC V O TO NM HC 2012 - 2013
MN HA HC
(Thi gian lm bi 150 pht khng k thi gian giao )
CHNH THC

Cu Ni dung im
1. Cho A vo B: 1,0
Zn + 2AgNO3 Zn(NO3)2 + 2Ag
Zn + Cu(NO3)2 Zn(NO3)2 + Cu
Cu 1
3,0 Fe + 2AgNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag
Fe + Cu(NO3)2 Fe(NO3)2 + Cu
Cht rn C: Ag, Cu, Fe d
Dung dch D: Zn(NO3)2,Fe(NO3)2
*) Tch cc cht rn trong C:
+ C tc dng vi HCl d:
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
=> dung dch thu c cha FeCl2 v HCl d, cht rn cn li gm Cu, Ag.
- Cho dd NaOH d tc dng vi dd cha FeCl2 v HCl, lc ly kt ta,
nung kt ta trong khng kh n khi lng khng i v dng H2 d kh
nhit cao thu c Fe:
HCl + NaOH NaCl + H2O
FeCl2 + 2NaOH Fe(OH)2 + 2NaCl
4Fe(OH)2 + O2 2Fe2O3 + 4H2O
t0
Fe2O3 + 3H2 2Fe + 3H2O
Thu c Fe
- Cho hn hp cht rn Cu, Ag tc dng vi oxi d nhit cao:
t0
2Cu + O2 2CuO
Cht rn thu c gm CuO v Ag cho tc dng vi HCl d thu c Ag
khng phn ng.
CuO + 2HCl CuCl2 + H2O
in phn dd CuCl2 thu c Cu
CuCl2 in phn dd Cu + Cl2
*) Tch ring tng mui ra khi dung dch D:
+ Cho Zn d tc dng vi dung dch D:
Zn + Fe(NO3)2 Zn(NO3)2 + Fe

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 + Lc ly dung dch v c cn thu c Zn(NO3)2.
Hn hp rn gm Zn v Fe cho tc dng vi dung dch Fe(NO3)2 loi
ht Zn
Cho Fe tc dng vi Fe(NO3)3 thu c Fe(NO3)2
Fe + 2 Fe(NO3)3 3 Fe(NO3)2
1,0

2.
- Ha tan hn hp vo nc lc, tch ly cht rn FeS, CuS v dung dch
KOH:
K2O + H2O 2KOH
- in phn nc thu c H2 v O2:
p
2H2O 2H2 + O2 (1)
- Nung hn hp FeS, CuS trong O 2 (1) d n phn ng hon ton c hn
hp rn Fe2O3, CuO v kh SO2:
4FeS + 7O2 t0 2Fe2O3 + 4SO2
0
2CuS + 3O2 t 2CuO + 2SO2
- Tch ly kh SO2 cho tc dng vi O2 (1) d c xc tc, sau em hp
nc c H2SO4:
2SO2 + O2 t0,xt 2SO3
SO3 + H2O H2SO4 (2)
- Ly hn hp rn Fe2O3, CuO em kh hon ton bng H2 (1) d nhit
cao c hn hp Fe, Cu. Ha tan hn hp kim loi vo dd H 2SO4 long (2),
c dung dch FeSO4. Phn khng tan Cu tch ring.
Fe2O3 + 3H2 t0 2Fe + 3H2O.
CuO + H2 t0 Cu + H2O.
0
Fe + H2SO4 t FeSO4 + H2
- Cho Cu tc dng vi O 2 (1) to ra CuO sau ha tan vo dung dch
H2SO4 (2) ri cho tip dung dch NaOH vo, lc tch thu c kt ta
Cu(OH)2.
2Cu + O2 t0 2CuO 0,5
CuO + H2SO4 CuSO4 + H2O
CuSO4 + 2NaOH Cu(OH)2 + Na2SO4.
3.
*) Cho tng kim loi tc dng vi dd NaOH d, Zn b tan hon ton cn st
v bc khng b tan.

Zn + 2NaOH Na2ZnO2(tan) + H2
- Ly 2 kim loi cn li cho tc dng vi dd HCl, kim loi khng tan l Ag, 0,5
kim loi tan l Fe:

Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
4.
*) Dng 1 lng nh ho cht
Ly 1 mu th cho tc dng ln lt vi cc mu th cn li, 2 mu th
no c xut hin bt kh l HCl v Na2CO3.

2NaCl + CO2 + H2O

2HCl + Na2CO3

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 Khng c hin tng g l KCl.
*) un n cn hai mu cn li, mu khng li g y ng nghim l dd
HCl, mu cn ng li cht rn mu trng l dd Na2CO3.

1. Ho tan trong nc nhn ra benzen do phn thnh 2 lp. 0,5

Cu 2 2 cht cn li em t, nu chy l ru etylic (900), cn li l nc.
2,5 2. Gi CTPT ca A l CxHyOz 0,75
Khi lng mol ca A l 60 gam vy khi lng phn t ca A l 60 u.
*) Khi z = 1 ta c 14 x +y = 44 => x= 3; y= 8 .
=> CTPT ca A l C3H8O
=> Cc CTCT : CH3-CH2-CH2OH ; CH3-CH(OH)-CH3,
CH3-CH2-O-CH3
*) Khi z = 2 ta c 14 x + y = 28 => x= 2; y= 4 .
=> CTPT ca A l C2H4O2
=> Cc CTCT : CH3- COOH; HO-CH2-CHO;
HCOOCH3
*) Khi z = 3 th 14 x + y = 12 (loi)
Trong cc cht trn ch c CH3- COOH tc dng vi c KOH v K
CH3- COOH + KOH CH3- COOK + H2O
2CH3- COOH + 2K 2CH3- COOK + H2
Vy A l CH3- COOH 0,75
3.
a)
* Goi CTPT ca A l : CaHbOx . k: b 2a + 2
Khi t chy A : CaHbOx aCO2 + b/2 H2O
Theo gi thit: a : b = 3: 8 a = 3 , b = 8
Cng thc ca A c dng C3H8Ox
* Tng t nh trn ta c: B l C3H8Oy v D l C3H8Oz

M MA < MB < MD x =1 ,y =2 , z =3
Vy A, B, D ln lt l : C3H8O , C3H8O2 , C3H8O3
b)
- A c CTCT : CH3 - CH2 - CH2 - OH
hoc CH3 - CH(OH)- CH3
- B c CTCT : CH3 -CH(OH) - CH2- OH
hoc HO -CH2 - CH2 -CH2 -OH
- D c CTCT : HO-CH2 - CH(OH) - CH2 -OH
4. 0,5
PTHH:
*) HOOC CH=CH CH = CH COOH+ 2Na
NaOOC CH=CH CH =CH- COONa + H2
*) A+2NaOHNaOOCCH=CH CH =CH- COONa + 2H2O
A+NaOH HOOC CH=CH CH =CH- COONa + H2O
*) A+C2H5OH
H 2SO4 dac ,t 0 C2H5OOC CH=CHCH =CH-COOC2H5 + 2H2O

0
H 2SO4 dac ,t HOOC CH=CHCH =CH-COOC2H5 + H2O

0
*) A+H2 Ni,t
HOOC CH2-CH2 CH = CH COOH
0
Ni,t
HOOC CH2-CH2 CH2-CH2 COOH

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 0
Ni,t
*) A+Br2 HOOC CHBr-CHBr CH = CH COOH
0
Ni,t
HOOCCHBr-CHBrCHBr-CHBr COOH

1. 1,5
a)
Cu 3 Gi a, b, c ln lt l s mol ca MgCl2, NaBr, KI.
(2,0 ) PTHH ca cc phn ng:
MgCl2 + 2AgNO3 2AgCl + Mg(NO3)2 (1)
NaBr + AgNO3 AgBr + NaNO3 (2)
KI + AgNO3 AgI + KNO3 (3)
Fe + 2AgNO3 Fe(NO3)2 + 2Ag (4)
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 (5)
Fe(NO3)2 + 2NaOH Fe(OH)2 + 2NaNO3 (6)
Mg(NO3)2 + 2NaOH Mg(OH)2 + 2NaNO3 (7)
2Fe(OH)2 + 1/2O2 + H2O 2Fe(OH)3 (8)
2Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3 + 3H2O (9)
Mg(OH)2 MgO + H2O (10)

0, 448
Theo (5) nFe = nH 2 = = 0, 02mol
22, 4
nAgNO3(4) = 0,02.2 = 0,04 mol
Theo (1) (2) (3)
nAgNO3 = 0,7.0,2 0,04 = 2a+b+c = 0,1 (I)
T (6), (7), (8), (9), (10)
mrn = mFe2O3 + mMgO = 160 0,01 + 40a = 2, 4
a = 0,02 ( II)
mA = 95.0,02 + 103b + 166c = 9,34
103b + 166c = 7,44 (III)
T (I), (II), (III) ta c h:
2a+b+c = 0,1
a = 0,02
103b + 166c = 7,44 Gii h ta c:
a = 0,02, b = 0,04; c =0,02
Vy khi lng kt ta B l:
mB = mAgCl + mAgBr+ mAgI
= 143,5.0,04+188.0,04+235.0,02= 17,96 gam.
b)
PTHH ca cc phn ng:
Cl2 + 2KI 2KCl + I2 (*)
Cl2 + 2NaBr 2NaCl + Br2 (**)
Khi lng hn hp gp 5 ln trn:
nKI = 5c = 5. 0,02=0,1 mol
Khi phn ng (*) xy ra hon ton khi lng mui gim:
0,1(127 35,5) = 9,15 gam
nNaBr = 5.0,04 = 0,2mol
Khi phn ng (**) xy ra hon ton khi lng mui gim:
(80 35,5)= 8,9 gam
Khi c hai phn ng (1) v (2) xy ra hon ton khi lng mui gim:
9,15 + 8,9 = 18,05 gam
Theo bi ta c khi lng mui gim:

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 46,7 33,1 = 13,6 gam
Ta thy: 9,15 < 13,6 < 18,05 chng t: (1) xy ra hon ton v mt phn (2)
Khi lng mui gim do to thnh Br2 l: 13,6 9,15 = 4,45
t s mol KBr phn ng bng x th khi lng mui gim:
x(80 35,5) = 4,45 x = 0,1 mol
1
Vy nCl2 = (0,1 + 0,1) = 0,1mol ;
2
VCl2 = 22, 4.0,1 = 2, 24 lt
2. 0,5
+ Cho dung dch BaCl2 d vo dung dch A, lc b kt ta, dung dch cn
li: KCl, MgCl2, BaCl2 d, CaCl2, Mg(HCO3)2.
BaCl2 + MgSO4 BaSO4 + MgCl2
K2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2KCl
+ Cho dung dch K2CO3 d vo dung dch cn li, lc b kt ta, dung dch
cn li: KCl, KHCO3, K2CO3 d.
MgCl2 + K2CO3 MgCO3 + 2KCl
BaCl2 + K2CO3 BaCO3 + 2KCl
CaCl2 + K2CO3 CaCO3 + 2KCl
Ca(HCO3)2 + K2CO3 CaCO3 + 2KHCO3

+ Cho dung dch HCl d vo dung dch cn li.

KHCO3 + HCl KCl + CO2 + H2O
K2CO3 + 2HCl 2KCl + CO2 + H2O

+ C cn dung dch thu c KCl tinh khit.

1. 1,5
a) 1,0
Cu 4 Gi x v y l s mol CO2 v H2O sn phm chy
(2,5 ) 44 x + 18 y = 15,14
Gii ra ta c x = 0,25; y = 0,23
32 x + 16 y = 15,14 . 0, 7715
PTHH ca cc phn ng chy: n;m 2, nguyn
3n 1
CnH2n-2 + O2 nCO2 + (n-1) H2O
2
CmH2m + 1,5m O2 mCO2 + m H2O
Do anken chy c s mol CO2 bng s mol H2O
Ta c s mol ankin bng = 0,25 0,23 = 0,02mol
S mol anken = 0,05 0,02 = 0,03 mol
Ta c phng trnh 0,02n + 0,03m = 0,25 Hay 2n+ 3m = 25

n 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
m 7 Loi Loi 5 Loi Loi 3 Loi

0,5
Cc cp nghim : C8H14 v C3H6 ; C5H8 v C5H10 ; C2H2 v C7H14
b)
V tng s mol 2 hirocacbon khng i, m s mol CO2 cng khng i,

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iu chng t s nguyn t cacbon trong ankin bng s nguyn t cacbon
trong anken. 1,0
Vy 2 hircacbon l C5H8 v C5H10
2.
- X,Y khng tc dng vi Br2 => X,Y l hp cht no.
- X,Y tc dng vi NaOH cho ra ru n chc v mui ca axit n chc
=> X,Y l axit hay este n chc
- Trng hp X,Y u l este: X,Y c cng thc R 1COOR v R2COOR (R
l gc hirocacbon to ra ru duy nht).
R1COOR + NaOH R1COONa + ROH
a a a a
R2COOR + NaOH R2COONa + ROH
b b b b
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nNaOH= a+b= = 0,2mol => nROH= a+b =0,2 mol
40
- Ru ROH vi Na:
2ROH + 2Na 2RONa + H2
0,2 0,1
1,344
n(H2)= =0,06mol 0,1. => loi
22,4
- Trng hp X l axit, Y l este => X: R1COOH ;
Y: R2COOR3
R1COOH + NaOH R1COONa + HOH
a a a a
R2COOR3 + NaOH R2COONa + R3OH
b b b b
2R3OH + 2Na 2R3ONa + H2
2.0,06 0,06
nY = b= 2n(H2) = 0,12 mol. => a = 0,2 - 0,12= 0,08mol
- Do X,Y l axit, este no mch h nn X c cng thc C nH2nO2, Yc cng
thc CmH2mO2.
0,08(14n + 32) + 0,12(14m+ 32)
M= = 2.35,6 = 71,2
0,2
56n + 84m = 392 => 2n + 3m = 14.
n 1 2 3 4 5
m 4 10/3 8/3 2 4/3
*) Vi
n=1, m=4 , ta c:
X: CH2O2 hay HCOOH
Y: C4H8O2 c 4 cng thc cu to l: HCOOC3H7 (2phn),
CH3COOC2H5 , C2H5COOCH3
*) Vi n=4, m=2 ta c:
X: C4H8O2 vi 2 cng thc cu to axit:
CH3CH2CH2COOH , CH3CH(CH3)COOH
Y: C2H4O2: H-COOCH3