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PROGRAM NAME: SAP2000

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NTC 2008 Example 002

P-M INTERACTION CHECK FOR COMPRESSION-CONTROLLED RECTANGULAR COLUMN

EXAMPLE DESCRIPTION
The Demand/Capacity ratio for a given axial loading and moment is tested in this
example.

In this example, a reinforced concrete column is subjected factored axial load N

= 2174 kN and moment My = 544 kN-m. This column is reinforced with 5-25
bars. The design capacity ratio is checked by hand calculations and computed
result is compared. The column is designed as a short, non-sway member.

GEOMETRY, PROPERTIES AND LOADING

2174 kN

My= 544 kN-m

550mm

A A 60 mm 350mm
3m

Section A-A

Material Properties Section Properties Design Properties

Ec = 25x106 kN/m2 b = 350 m fck = 25 MPa

= 0.2 d = 490 mm fy = 460 MPa
G = 10416666.7kN/m2

NTC 2008 Example 002 - 1

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TECHNICAL FEATURES TESTED

Tied Reinforced Concrete Column Design

RESULTS COMPARISON
Independent results are hand calculated and compared.

Percent
Output Parameter SAP2000 Independent Difference

Column Demand/Capacity Ratio 1.005 1.00 0.50%

COMPUTER FILE: EN 2-2004 Ex002

CONCLUSION
The computed results show an acceptable comparison with the independent
results.

NTC 2008 Example 002 - 2

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HAND CALCULATION

COLUMN STRENGTH UNDER COMPRESSION CONTROL

fcu = 25 MPa fy = 460 MPa

b = 350 mm d = 490 mm

1) Because e = 250 mm < (2/3) d = 327 mm, assume compression failure. This assumption will
be checked later. Calculate the distance to the neutral axis for a balanced condition, cb:

Position of neutral axis at balance condition:

700 700
cb = dt = ( 490) = 296 mm
700 + f y 700 + 460

2) From the equation of equilibrium:

N = Cc + C s T
where
f ck 0.85 30
Cc = ab = 350a = 5950a
c 1.5
As' f ck 2500 0.85 30
fy - = 1.5
Cs = 460 - = 963, 043 N
s c 1.15
Assume compression steels yields, (this assumption will be checked later).
= 2174 f s ( f s < f y )
Af 2500 f s
T= s s=
s 1.15
N1 = 5,950a + 963, 043 - 2174 f s (Eqn. 1)

3) Taking moments about As:

1 a
( )
N 2 = ' Cc d - + Cs d - d '
e 2
The plastic centroid is at the center of the section and d " = 215 mm
e' = e + d " = 250 + 215 = 465 mm
1 a
N2 = 5950a 490 - + 963, 043 ( 490 - 60 )
465 2

NTC 2008 Example 002 - 3

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N 2 = 6270a - 6.3978a 2 + 890,556 (Eqn. 2)

4) Assume c = 365 mm, which exceed cb (296 mm).

a = 0.8 365 = 292 mm

Substitute in Eqn. 2:
N 2 = 6270 292 - 6.3978 ( 292 ) + 890,556 = 2,175,893 N
2

5) Calculate fs from the strain diagram when c = 356 mm.

490 - 365
fs = 700 = 240.0 MPa
365
s = t = f s Es = 0.0012

6) Substitute a = 284.8 mm and fs = 263.4 MPa in Eqn. 1 to calculate N1:

N1 = 5950 ( 292 ) + 963, 043 - 2174 ( 240.0 ) = 2,178, 683 N

Which is very close to the calculated N2 of 2,175,893 (less than 1% difference)

250
M = Ne = 2175 = 544 kN-m
1000

7) Check if compression steels yield. From strain diagram,

365 - 60
s' = ( 0.0035 ) = 0.0029 > y = 0.0023
365
Compression steels yields, as assumed.

8) Therefore, section capacity is

N = 2,174 kN
M = 544 kN-m

NTC 2008 Example 002 - 4