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1s IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics. Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES-2016)
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Pinjala Mohana Kishore and Ravikumar Bhimasingu
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Student, Member IEEE, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, (11TH), India
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Member IEEE, Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hyderabad, (11TH), India
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E-mail: eeI4reschO lO06@iith.ac.in. ravikumar@iith.ac.in
Abstract-Recent developments in hybrid microgrid connected to both DC and AC buses. This will be decided
systems have brought challenges to the development of new at installation stage and/or design level. If the storage
power conversion circuits, which integrate multiple input system is connected to DC centralized bus, then this
and output. In traditional hybrid microgrid, interlinking
architecture is named as DC side storage hybrid microgrid
converter integrate AC and DC buses but, it cannot integrate
(DCS) and is shown in Fig. l(a).
storage system. It require more power conversions, device
count to transfer power from one side to other side. It
reduces power quality and overall efficiency of the system.
The recent development in new power conversion circuit, can
integrates multiple input and output. The use of these multi
port power converters in hybrid microgrids are integrating
different DC source to centralized DC bus. These existing
multi-port converts do not fuHiII the requirement of DC
DC/AC power conversion to interface storage system with
AC and DC buses. On this basis, this paper proposes a new
isolated three port converter (ITPq having storage port, DC (a)
microgrid port and AC microgrid port. It improves the AC Load
I. INTRODUCTION
If the storage system is connected to AC side three port converter (ITPC) which is having AC microgrid
centralized bus, then this architecture is named as AC side port, DC microgrid port and storage port. It integrate alI
storage hybrid microgrid (ACS) and is shown in Fig. l(b). the three systems. This converter performs DC-AC/DC,
If the storage system is connected at both AC and DC AC-DC/DC, and DC-DC/AC operations. The hybrid
centralized buses, then this microgrid architecture is microgrid system along with the proposed three port
named as AC-DC side storages hybrid microgrid (ADS) converter is shown in Fig. 1 (d), is named as TPCS
and is shown in Fig. l(c). Main drawbacks of this systems architecture.
are increase power conversion stages, component count, The paper is organized as follows: Section 11
cost and reduction in power quality, power density and describes about the ITPC and control of the proposed
efficiency [2]. The concept of multi-port converters is system along with its operating modes. Section III
presented in literature by several researchers to integrate discusses about simulation results and comparative
multiple DC source to a single DC bus with multi analysis of the proposed converter with existing traditional
input/output converter [3]. These multi-port converters hybrid architectures in aspects of power quality, power
have been emerging and presented in number of transfer capability, frequency deviation, and utilization of
applications like hybrid electric vehicles, storage. Finally, conclusions are presented in Section IV.
aerospace/satellite applications, marine systems, and
uninterrupted power supplies because of its simple 11. PROPOSEO ISOLATEO THREE PORT
number of devices.
A. Description of Proposed ITPC
Multi-port converters can be classified (i) based on
number of inputs/outputs, (ii) based on the converter This proposed ITPC has two H-bridge converters
topology, and (iii) based on power conversion. As per the connected to the windings of a three winding transformer
number of inputs and outputs, they are again classified as as shown in Fig. 2. These are symmetrical in structure. PI-
(a) multi input multi output, (b) multi input single output, P4 are the primary side H-bridge (H l) converter switches
and (c) single input multi output. Based on converter and SI- S4 are the secondary side H-bridge (H2) converter
topology, they are divided into three types (a) isolated switches. These H-bridges are bi-directional AC-DC
converters, (b) non isolated converters and (c) galvanic converters. This high frequency transformer is not only
isolated converters. And based on power conversion these providing electrical isolation but also matches the voltages
are divided into (a) DC-DC converters (b) DC- AC/DC of both the sides. Here,
converters and (c) AC-DC/AC converters. The brief 1 :n:n is turns ratio of the transformer.
literature survey on different multi-port converters along Vdcl, Vdc2 and Vac are voltages of storage system, DC
with advantages, applications, and limitations are in Table I. microgrid and AC microgrid respectively.
Form the literature, it is revealed that most of the idcl, idc2 and iac are current through storage system,
multi-port converters are designed for DC-DC power DC microgrid and AC microgrid respectively.
conversion. But in hybrid microgrid the DC-AC/DC, AC VI, V2 and V3 are transformer primary, secondary and
DC/DC, and AC-DC/AC converter are required to tertiary winding voltages.
integrate the AC microgrid, DC microgrid and storage
systems. On this basic, this paper propose a new isolated
TABLE 1: LrTERATURE REVIEW ON MULTI-PORT CONVERTERS
Cited Reference Type of Converter Advantages/ Applications Limitations Type of Conversion
[4] Three port, isolated High conversion ratio, less number of Limited to SISO, DlSO, SIDO OC-OC
switches
[5], [25-27], [29] Three port, isolated Simple control Increase cost and size OC-OC
[6], [21] Three port, isolated derived from Two bi-directional ports, isolated Limited conversion OC-OC, Inverted
full-bridge output; Buck, boost and inverted
operations
[7], [15], [18], Three port, isolated derived from Soft switchi ng Complex control OC-OC
[28] hai f-bridge
[8] Multi-port, isolated Solid state transformer Increase cost and size OC-OC
[9] Multi input and multi output, non Single state conversion and reliable Limited to OC-OC conversion OC-OC
isolated derived from half-bridge
[10], [16], [22], Multi input, isolated Reduce part count, high step-up, less Selection of components OC-OC
[24] complex
[11], [19], [23] Non isolated High voltage gain, single stage power No si multaneous energy OC-OC
conversion, stand-alone RES transfer
[12] Non isolated, H-bridge Less device count, power decoupling Less efficiency OC/OC/AC
[13] Isolated, Three port Reduces switching losses, EMI More number of conversions OC-OC
[14] Single input, multi outputs, non- Easy to control Limited source voltage, High OC-OC, Inverted
isolated inductance
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1s IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES-2016)
[20], [30] Non-isolated, dual-output Simple, less cost, RES applications One input port, no storage oe-oe
port, not a bidirectional
[16] Isolated, two inputs High step up High power loss, less reliable oe-oe
LI, L2 and L3 are leakage inductances connected each Fig. 4: Operating Modes of the Proposed ITPC
windings of the transformer respectively. They are
B. Control of the Proposed ITPC
used for energy transfer and realizing soft switching
operation. The proposed ITPC is controlled by PI based current
il, i2 and i3 are leakage currents in inductance LI, L2 and voItage control logic as shown in Fig. 3. The DC
and L3 respectively. voItage at the storage port of converter (Vdcl) is compared
with the reference DC voItage (Vdclre;)' The generated
current reference (ilre;) is compared with actual i l. This
resuItant is used to generate the PWM signals to feed to
the P1-P4. The controller is shown in Fig. 3(a). Similarly,
the PWM signals for H2 bridge switches SI-S4 are
generated based on Vdc2ref V2, Vdc2 and i2 as shown in Fig.
3(b). The response of the controller shown in Fig. 3(c).
The overall TPCS microgrid with the proposed ITPC and
its control is shown in Fig. 5.
(e) power.
Fig. 3: Controllers for the Proposed ITPC a) VI-Controller Mode V- In this mode, battery is discharging, AC bus
for HI b) VI -Controller acting as load, and DC bus acting as source. The
Mode! Moden Mndp 111 The proposed ITPC supports the DC bus from the
power available at the DC bus and storage bus.
Pb Pac Pb Pac Pb Pac
III. RESULTS ANO COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
Pdc Pdc Pdc
Mode IV Mode V Mode VI
The proposed ITPC is simulated using
MA TLAB/Simulink software. The modeling parameters
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1s IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics. Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES-2016)
used in this simulation are shown in Table 11. Simulation converter transformer and is observed that the total
is done by considering the islanded mode of operation of algebraic sum of powers available at the transformer is
microgrid by assuming maximum power generation almost zero. i.e., PI + P2 + P3 ;:::: O.
available on AC, DC and storage systems are 4.6kW,
2.75kW and lkW respectively. The total load on the
hybrid microgrid system is 5kW. The traditional microgrid
architectures like ACS, DCS, and ADS are simulated
under different modes of operation which are shown in
Table III. The simulation resuIts of both TPCS and
traditional microgrid architectures are compared by Tlmefueondl}
( b)
....
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1s IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Intelligent Control and Energy Systems (ICPEICES-2016)
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