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Harvard System
Welcome to our Guide to the Harvard System of Referencing (6th edition).

This guide is compiled by the University Library, to support students,

researchers and academic
sta at Anglia Ruskin University.

In the new 6th edition, there is an option to use DOIs when referencing
journal articles, and amendments to the section covering quotations.

To help you there is a printable quick guide, or a full guide in .pdf format.

The full guide has two sections. In the rst part we show you how to cite a reference in the text of your
assignment, in the second part we have included instructions for each of the main source types such as
books or web pages. Examples are given in red. Any similarity with published work are coincidental.

Test yourself with our referencing tutorial

Find some useful expressions for citing references in text

Search the full Guide

Please enter a keyword for title/description: Search Reset

MAIN GUIDE PART 1: IN-TEXT REFERENCING

General Introduction

Author's name cited in the text

Author's name not cited directly in the text

More than one author cited in the text

Two or three authors for a work

Four or more authors for a work

More than one author not cited directly in the text

Several works by one author in dierent years

Several works by one author in the same year

Chapter authors in edited works

Corporate authors

No author

No date

Page Numbers

Quoting portions of published text

Secondary sources (second-hand references)

Tables and diagrams

Websites

MAIN GUIDE PART 2: THE REFERENCE LIST

USING BOOKS, JOURNALS AND NEWSPAPERS

General guidelines, layout and punctuation

Books with one author

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Books with multiple authors

Books which are edited

Chapters of edited books

Multiple works by the same author

Books - translations/imprints/reprints

E-books and pdfs

PDF documents

Articles from printed sources - basic journal reference

Introduction to Electronic articles

Articles from a Library database

Articles publically available on the internet

Articles with DOIs

Journal abstract from a database

Newspaper articles

Online newspaper articles

USING OTHER SOURCE TYPES

Acts of Parliament

Secondary Legislation

Ocial publications such as Command Papers

Law reports

Annual report

Archive material

British Standards and International Standards

Patents

Conference report and papers

Reports by organisations

Dissertations and Theses

European Union (EU) documents

Course material and Lecture notes

Quotations from written plays

Interviews

Press release

Religious texts

Reference from a dictionary

Data Sources

Computer Program

USING ELECTRONIC SOURCES

Websites

Publications available from websites

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E-mail correspondence/discussion lists

Blogs

Mailing list

Social Media

Apps

IMAGES

DVD, video or lm

Broadcasts

Pictures, Images and Photographs

Electronic images

Maps - Print Maps, Digimap and Google Earth

Podcast and archived tv programme

YouTube video

MUSIC SOURCES

Sound Recordings: General

Sleeve Notes

Scores

Lyrics

CDs

Vinyl

Downloads

Song on a compilation album

Complete album

Live performance of music

UNPUBLISHED WORKS AND MISSING DETAILS

Unpublished works

Informal or in-house publications

Personal communication

References with missing details

GOOD ACADEMIC PRACTICE

Good Academic Practice

Getting the Reference List ready

About this Guide

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