LTE/EPC Overview

eNB Hands-on Training for Trial (RL15TD)

1 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

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2 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

Content

4 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

History and Future of Wireless

1990 2000 2005 2010

mobility
time

HSPA LTE
WCDMA/cdma2000
HIGH GSM/IS95 3G 3G Enhacements 3G Evolution
AMPS 2G
1G WiMAX Family

802.16e
802.16e
802.16a/d
802.16a/d Mobile
Mobile WiMAX
WiMAX
LOW
Fixed
Fixed WiMAX
WiMAX
WLAN Family
802.11 802.11a/b/g
802.11a/b/g 802.11n
data rates

< 200 kbps < 1 Mbps < 10 Mbps < 50 Mbps < 100 Mbps < 1 Gbps

5 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

NSN Network Architecture Evolution
3GPP Rel 6 / HSPA
Internet
Node B RNC SGSN GGSN

3GPP Rel 7 / HSPA SGSN

GGSN
Internet
Node B RNC Direct tunnel

3GPP Rel 7 / Internet HSPA SGSN

GGSN
Internet
Node B
Direct tunnel
(RNC Funct.)
MME
3GPP Rel 8 / LTE
SAE GW
Internet
Evolved Node B
Direct tunnel
6 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

LTE/EPS Network Architecture Subsystems

LTE/EPS architecture is driven by the goal to optimize the system for
packet data transfer.
No circuit switched components
New approach in the inter-connection between radio access network
and core network (S1 interface)

The EPS architecture is made up of an IMS/PDN

EPC (Packet Core Network, also referred
as SAE) and an eUTRAN Radio Access
Network (also referred as LTE)
EPC
The EPC provides access to external
packet IP networks and performs a number EPS
of CN related functions (e.g. QoS, security,
eUTRAN
mobility and terminal context management)
for idle (camped) and active terminals
The eUTRAN performs all radio interface
related functions LTE-UE

7 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

Basic Network Architecture
Control plane path
User data path

HSS
S6a
eNB MME
PCRF IMS
Rx+

X2 S1-MME S11
Gx
SGi
Uu
Company
S1-U S5/S8 intranet

LTE-UE eNB SGW PGW

SAE-GW Internet

eUTRAN EPC

8 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

LTE/EPS Mobility Areas

Two areas are defined for handling of mobility in LTE/EPS:

9 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

Tracking Areas
Tracking Area

HSS

eNB 1 2
TAI1
TAI1
TAI1 MME
TAI1
TAI1
TAI2
TAI2 eNB
TAI2
TAI2
TAI2
TAI2
TAI2
TAI2
TAI3 3
TAI3 S-eNB
TAI3
TAI3 MME
TAI3
TAI3
TAI3

Cell Identity

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LTE Mobility & Connection States

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LTE/EPS Bearer: Identity & Architecture
An EPS bearer identity uniquely identifies an EPS bearer for one UE. The EPS Bearer Identity
is allocated by the MME.
LTE/EPS Bearer spans the complete network, from UE over EUTRAN and EPC up to the
connector of the external PDN.
The SAE bearer is associated with a quality of service (QoS) usually expressed by a label or
QoS Class Identifier (QCI)

LTE-Uu S1-U S5/S8 SGi

LTE-UE eNB Serving PDN
Gateway Gateway
cell PDN

End-to-End Service

EPS Bearer External Bearer

Radio Bearer S1 Bearer S5/S8 Bearer

E-UTRAN EPC PDN

12 Nokia Siemens Networks RA4155-02A RL15TD eNB HOT LTE/EPC overview

The Default Bearer Concept

Each UE that is attached to the LTE network has at least one bearer
available, that is called the default bearer.
Its goal is to provide continuous IP connectivity towards the EPC (always-
on concept)
From the QoS point of view, the default bearer is normally a quite basic
bearer
If an specific service requires more stringent QoS attributes, then a
dedicated bearer should be established.

MME

S1-MME
UE eNB S11 PDN
S5 Gateway
S1-U Sgi
cell PDN
Serving
Gateway

Default EPS Bearer

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EPS Bearer QoS Attributes

Default Bearer/Dedicated Bearer

GBR/N-GBR

MBR
EPS Bearer QoS Parameters
(To be defined per Bearer)
UL/DL-TFT

QCI

ARP

EPS Bearer QoS Parameters

(To be defined per User) AMBR

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QoS Class Identifier (QCI) Table in 3GPP

Priori
QCI Guarantee Delay budget Loss rate Application
ty

1 GBR 2 100 ms 1e-2 VoIP

2 GBR 4 150 ms 1e-3 Video call

3 GBR 5 300 ms 1e-6 Streaming

4 GBR 3 50 ms 1e-3 Real time gaming

5 Non-GBR 1 100 ms 1e-6 IMS signalling

6 Non-GBR 7 100 ms 1e-3 Interactive gaming

7 Non-GBR 6 300 ms 1e-6

TCP protocols :
8 Non-GBR 8 300 ms 1e-6 browsing, email, file
download
9 Non-GBR 9 300 ms 1e-6

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EMM & ECM States Transitions
Power On

Release due to
Registration (Attach) Inactivity
Allocate C-RNTI, S_TMSI
Release RRC connection
Allocate IP addresses Release C-RNTI
Authentication Configure DRX for paging
Establish security context

EMM_Deregistered EMM_Registered EMM_Registered

ECM_Idle ECM_Connected ECM_Idle

Deregistration (Detach) New Traffic

Change PLMN
Establish RRC Connection
Release C-RNTI, S-TMSI Allocate C-RNTI
Release IP addresses

Timeout of Periodic TA
Update

Release S-TMSI
Release IP addresses

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E-UTRAN Functionalities 3GPP TS 36.401

LTE-UE
LTE-Uu Evolved
Node B
cell
(eNB)

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NSN LTE / EPC Portfolio

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Flexi Multiradio BTS LTE

Remote RF Head Solution for RL15TD:

System module Antenna
RRH for RF function, one per
sector/cell
Feederless & distributed Remote RF Module

GPS Receiver

OBSAI RP3-01 optical

System Module

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FlexiBTS Product Differences between FDD&TDD
FDD/RL25TD: RF Module Solution TDD: Remote Radio Head Solution
Near the System Module Near the Antenna (RL05/15)

Antenna Antenna

Remote Radio Head

2 Path or
GPS Receiver RF feeder 8 path (beamforming)
GPS Receiver
OBSAI RP3-01 optical
RF Module

Transport Block
FCMD
FSPCBB
FSPC
FSPC BBcard
BB card
card

System Module System Module

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Flexi Network Server

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Flexi Network Gateway

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