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<p>These thirteen stras are to be found in most Kangyurs of the Tshalpa tradition grouped
at the end of the final, miscellaneous stra volume of the Perfection of Wisdom division (despite being
unrelated to the prajpramit literature). In other Kangyurs, they are placed in the General Stra
sectionat the end in the Narthang and Lhasa Kangyurs, and in the penultimate volume in most
Kangyurs of the Thempangma tradition.
They are called newly translated (gsar du gyur ba) in the catalogue of the Deg Kangyur, and the same
epithet was used by Butn in the 14th century, as well as by Terdak Lingpa and the Lithang Kangyur
editors in the 17th century. The Lhasa Kangyur catalogue also calls them the group of thirteen stras
(mdo tshan bcu sum po).
They are, in fact, the last group of stras ever to enter the stra section of the Kangyur, and are not
present in some of the peripheral Kangyurs that may represent earlier compilations, such as the
Phuktrak and Newark Batang Kangyurs.
As their colophons record, they were translated in the first decade of the 14th century at the monastery
of Tharpa Ling (not far from Zhalu in Central Tibet), by a translator from Ceylon, nandar, and the
Tibetan translator Tharpa Lotsawa Nyima Gyaltsen Palzangpo, who was one of Butn's teachers.
The thirteen stras all have closely matching equivalents in the Pli Canon, andalthough they have at
times been thought to be translations of Sarvastivdin texts in Sanskrit, as are many other rvakayna
works in the Kangyurit is almost certain that they were translated from Pli, and are Theravda texts,
i.e. from the literature of the Theravda school. Together with a translation of the third chapter of the
Vimuttimagga that, despite being an extract of a treatise, is included for unknown reasons in the
General Stra section (Toh 306), these are the only Pli Theravda works represented in the Kangyur
(along with another translation by nandar and Tharpa Lotsawa, a version of the Maitrstra closely
related to Toh 35 but found only in the Berlin, Lhasa, Narthang, and Peking Kangyurs).
Two of the thirteen texts, Toh 33 and 34, are the Theravda equivalents of two of the ten
Mlasarvstivdin Mahstras, Toh 656/1061 and Toh 653/1062 respectively.
The thirteen works are sometimes referred to as Paritta texts, i.e. texts read aloud for protection, a
status they hold in the Theravda tradition; their association with auspiciousness may also partly explain
why they were placed at the conclusion of the Perfection of Wisdom section.
For further details and analysis, see Skilling, Peter (1993), Theravdin Literature in Tibetan Translation,
Journal of the Pli Text Society, vol. 19, pp 69-201.
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<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p>[ sgo mtha' yas pa rnam par sbyong ba bstan pa'i mdo] </p>
<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p>[ de bzhin gshegs pa'i gsang ba bsam gyis mi khyab pa bstan pa'i mdo] </p>
<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p> [chos dbyings rang bzhin dbyer med bstan pa'i mdo] </p>
<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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<p> [kun nas sgo'i le'u] </p>
<p> [P. No.] 0760, dkon brtsegs, tshi, 1b1-311a6 (vol.22, p.1) </p>
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