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400
Hat type
NS-SP-10H
900
Characteristic of Hat-type sheet piles
1Rapid construction
- Installed combined pile which has 900mm width sheet pile
2Reduction of steel weight of walls
- Slender section and 100% full sectional performance
3Utility for any requirements
- Assorted section type and high applicability
HAT-Type
10H 25H
13.2
10.8
300
230
900 900
U-Type
45H 50H
17
15
370
368
900 900
45% number of piles reduction
U-wide Type(U600[w]
400mm
U Type(U400[]
Neutral axis of each piles and that of interlocked wall are equivalent
900mm
Hat Type(Hat900[10H]
Slip at Joint
y1
e
600mm y y0
M
Neutral
axis
Neutral
U-wide
1axis
Type(U600[w]
of practical wall
of
pile
Class 1 or 2 Class 3
where :
Wel is the elastic section modulus determined for a continuous wall;
Wpl is the plastic section modulus determined for a continuous wall;
M0 Partial safety factor (=1.0)
B is a reduction factor that account for a possible lack of shear force
transmission in the interlocks.
B = 1.0 for Z-piles and triple U-piles
B 1.0 for single and double U-piles 10
Reduction factor for U-type sheet piles
EI eff D EI
where:
I is the second moment of area of the continuous wall
E is Youngs modulus
D is to account for the possible reduction due to insufficient shear force
transmission in the interlock.
D = 1.0 for Z-piles and triple U-piles
D 1.0 for single and double U-piles
The numerical value for B and D are given in the National Annex.
11
Reduction factor for U-type sheet piles
Reduction factor for U-type sheet piles in the National Annex
12
Reduction factor for U-type sheet piles
Countermeasures for enhancing the reduction factor
13
Influence of interlock integrity
70000
Moment of Inersia per 1m wall width(m3/m)
60000
50H
50000
45H 23
40000 Joint efficiency
=0.6
30000 25H L
34
20000
10H 36
10000
0
80 120 160 200 240
Unit weight per 1m wall width (kg/m2)
Similar with Z-type piles, for a wall using Hat-type steel piles, the
reduction factors are NOT required (B = 1.0 , D = 1.0 ) because
interlocks are located at the most outer edge of the wall, which
means that the shear force does not occur in the interlocks.
Structural Test Plan NTU in Singapore)
Place : Nanyang Technological University
(Supervised by Dr. Chiew Sing-Ping)
Machinery : 100t Compression machine
Specimen : Hat-type sheet pile (10H2 piles)
(Manufactured in Japan)
Measurement: Load, Displacement, Strain
P/2 P/2
Load-Deflection behavior
800
Pmax=694kN
700
600
Calculated Plastic Load
500
Load(kN)
300
200
150
Neutral Line
100
Arrangement of strain gages
50
0
-4000 -3000 -2000 -1000 0 1000 2000 3000 4000
strain at Center()
Strain was distributed from above to bottom and the value
become 0 at neutral line so the Navier hypothesis is applicable
Additional concerns of sheet piles
(for SYW295)
H-beam
Fillet
welding
(partial)
600
Theoretical Yield Moment
Hat + H 400
200
Experimental Value
Calculated Value
0
U-type 0.000 0.005 0.010 0.015
Curvature (1/m)
2) 100% Joint Efficiency Neutral
Axis of wall
Flexural Test
Neutral
Axis of pile
Neutral
Axis
Numerous sectional properties
Optimization of design 2 Sheet pile & 1 H beam combined type
1 Sheet pile & 1 H beam combined type
Easy Fabrication in Construction Site
In Singapore (2014)
In Indonesia (2013)
Fabrication manual
In Indonesia (2013)
Outline
256kg/m(0.7 : Z equivalent)
Unit weight 342kg/m(1.0)
173kg/m(0.5 : I equivalent)
2 Piles InstalIation 1 Pile InstalIation
Installation Installed U-type and soldier pile Installed HAT and H
separately at the same time
Development for HAT+H in Singapore
-Piling test- -Publish technical papers-
Thank you very much
for your kind attention