CHUYN O TO:

1. Cng dng , nguyn l lm vic ca khang b ngang trong h thng in?.

2. Phng thc bo v v cc bo v ni b ca khng b ngang, MBA AT2 ti
TBA 500kV Pleiku 2?.
3. Trnh by cng dng v nguyn l lm vic ca b PSD?.

Trnh by: Dng Danh Hin

I. CNG DNG V NGUYN L LM VIC CA KHNG B NGANG.
1. Cng dng ca Khng b ngang.
- L thit b tiu th cng sut phn khng nn n c tc dng trit tiu, iu chnh lng
cng sut phn khng d tha do ng dy siu cao p sinh ra, gim in p v gi n nh
in p h thng.
- Trn cc ng dy siu cao p c di ln, in dung pha - t v pha - pha l rt ln.
in dung ny pht ra cng sut phn khng Qc ln (Qc= U2..C.L).
V d: Mch 1 ng dy truyn ti h thng in truyn ti in Ha Bnh Ph Lm l:
Qc=1490MVAR.
Qc l cng sut phn khng do dung dn ng dy sinh ra.
U in p danh nh DZ 500kV.
Tn s quay ca dng in xoay chiu = 314rad/giy.
C in dung z. C=0,01276.10-6F/km.
L chiu di z =1487Km.
- V vy trong trng hp ng dy khng ti hoc ti nh lng cng sut phn khng d
tha ln th in p cui ng dy s nng cao hn u ng dy. gim nh hng bt
li ca in dung ny, ngi ta mc r nhnh mt khng in tiu th bt cng sut phn
khng Qc. i vi ng dy siu cao p 500 kV, khong cch t khng t 200 - 500 Km,
Thng b 60-70% Qc do z sinh ra (Mch 1: 1042/1490=70%)
- S nguyn l ca Khng in trn li in nh hnh v:

2. Nguyn l lm vic ca Khng b ngang:

Cun khng c th c coi nh mt my bin p m trong khng c cun dy th cp, tt

c dng chy vo cun khng tr thnh dng khng ti.
 Cu trc nguyn l ca cun khng tng t nh ca my bin p, nhng v tt c dng chy
vo cun khng l dng khng ti nn nu dng khung t nh my bin p thng thng, n s
bo ho rt nhanh, tr khng ca cun khng s rt ln v dng chy qua cun khng s nh.
Trong cun khng, ng khp mch t khc so vi my bin p. Mch t c khp kn qua
khe h khng kh (t thng c khp vng qua khng kh) nhm trnh bo ho nhanh cho
khung t. Mun c nh vy trong phn ng ca cun khng bng thp, ngi ta to rt nhiu
nhng khong trng bng cc nm chn vo trong li thp.
S lp t khng b ngang:
II. PHNG THC BO V V CC BO V NI B KHNG:

Ti TBA 500kV Pleiku 2, phng thc bo v cc KH l tng t nhau, y s trnh by

phng thc bo v ca KH504.
1. Khng KH504 ti TBA 500kV Pleiku2:
a. Phng thc bo v:
- Khng KH504 c trang b 02 b bo v:
+ F87R1 (SEL787) bao gm cc chc nng: 87REF, 51/51N.
+ F87R2 (SEL787) bao gm cc chc nng:87REF, 51/51N.
Cc bo v r le ly tn hiu dng in t cc TI chn s ca Khng.
Khi c s c khng KH504 bo v F87R1 v F87R2 s tc ng ct my ct MC574,
MC564 ng thi gi tn hiu DTT ct lin ng cc my ct pha TBA 500kV Cu Bng
(ct my ct MC563, MC573 Cu Bng).
b/ Cc bo v ni b khng KH504.
- Bo v( ng h ) nhit du:
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( a tn hiu cnh bo).
+ Cp 2 : Trip ( a tn hiu ct my ct).
- Bo v (ng h) nhit cun dy :
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( a tn hiu cnh bo).
+ Cp 2 : Trip ( a tn hiu ct my ct).
- R le hi :
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( a tn hiu cnh bo).
+ Cp 2 : Trip ( a tn hiu ct my ct).
- R le ( Van ) gim p lc thn my :
+Trip ( gi tn hiu ct my ct ).
- R le (ng h) mc du thng du ph :
+ Alarm ( gi tn hiu cnh bo).
Khi cc bo v ni b tc ng s gi tn hiu tn hiu Trip vo cc input ca rle F87R1,
F87R2 v BCU2 & F50BF2 (SEL451), F50BF1 (SEL351) ca my ct khng. Cc rle
ny s khp cc output u ra i ct cc MC 574, 564 v gi tn hiu DTT ti u Cu
Bng.
III. PHNG THC BO V V CC BO V NI B MBA AT2
1. Phng thc bo v my bin p AT2 ti trm 500kV Pleiku2.
Cc bo v r le ly tn hiu dng, p nh hnh v trn.
- F87S (SEL487B) : Tc ng ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2 khi c s c thanh dn
pha 500kV MBA AT2- vng gii hn gia cc TI chn s 500kV AT2 vi TI532, TI562.
- F87T1 (SEL487E) : Tc ng ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2 khi c s c bn trong
MBA AT2 vng gii hn gia cc TI chn s 500kV, TI chn s 220kV, TI chn s
trung tnh MBA AT2 v TI 324A.
- F87T2 (SEL487E) : Tc ng ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2 khi c s c trong
vng gii hn gia cc TI532, TI562, TI232, TI342A.
- F67 (SEL 451) qu dng c hng pha 500kV : Tc ng ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA
AT2 khi gi tr dng, thi gian vt ngng ci t, v hng cng sut ngn mch i vo
MBA.
- F67 (SEL451) qu dng c hng pha 220kV : Tc ng ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA
AT2 khi gi tr dng, thi gian vt ngng ci t, v hng cng sut ngn mch i vo
MBA. ( Nu xc nh s c hng Thanh ci, ng dy pha 220kV th r le ch tc ng
ct MC232 ).
-F50 (SEL751A) : Tc ng khi c s c qu dng pha 35kV MBA AT2 (ch ct MC342),
khi chc nng 50BF lm vic th ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2.
2. Cc bo v ni b MBA AT2:
- R le hi:
+ Cp 1: Alarm ( gi tn hiu i cnh bo).
+ Cp 2: Trip ( gi tn hiu i ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2).
- R le dng du:
+ Cp 1: Alarm ( gi tn hiu i cnh bo).
+ Cp 2 : Trip ( gi tn hiu i ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2).
- R le p sut t bin :
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( gi tn hiu i cnh bo).
+ Cp 2 : Trip ( gi tn hiu i ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2).
- R le ( Van ) gim p lc thn my:
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( gi tn hiu i cnh bo).
 + Cp 2 : Trip ( gi tn hiu i ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2).
- R le (Van) gim p lc b OLTC:
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( gi tn hiu i cnh bo).
+ Cp 2 : Trip ( gi tn hiu i ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2).
- R le ( ng h ) nhit du:
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( gi tn hiu i cnh bo).
+ Cp 2 : Trip ( gi tn hiu i ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2).
- R le ( ng h ) nhit cun dy:
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( gi tn hiu i cnh bo).
+ Cp 2 : Trip ( gi tn hiu i ct tt c my ct 3 pha MBA AT2).
- R le (ng h) mc du thng du ph, mc du b OLTC.
+ Cp 1 : Alarm ( gi tn hiu i cnh bo).
IV. CNG DNG V NGUYN L LM VIC CA B PSD:
1. Cng Dng:
- Vic chn thi im ng ct my ct l mt vn ti quan trng khi ng ct mt ti
c in khng ln bi vic ng ct vo mt thi im ngu nhin c th gy ra in p hay
dng in qu ln. Qu trnh qu ny gy ra nhng nh hng nghim trng n cc
thit b nh gim tin cy, gim tui th thit b trong h thng in hoc c th nh hng
n h thng do vic tc ng nhm ca cc thit b bo v.
- V vy b PSD c dng la chn thi im ng/ ct thch hp nhm gim bt nh
hng ca qu trnh qu khi thao tc xung mc thp nht c th. L mt thit b iu khin
n s lm tr lnh ng, ct cho n mt thi gian nh trc gim s qu do ng/ct
xung mc thp nht. B PSD l mt thit b c bit quan trng khi ng ct my bin p
cng sut ln, khng b ngang, dn t b hay ng dy khng ti
2. Nguyn l lm vic:
- B PSD ch tham gia vo qu trnh ng, ct khi c lnh thao tc t ngi vn hnh cn
lnh ct my ct do bo v s c a thng n cun ct ca my ct v khng qua b PSD.
Trong trng hp mun thao tc trc tip my ct khng qua b PSD th chuyn kha BY
PASS lnh thao tc i trc tip n cun ng/ct ca my ct qua mch BY PASS, trong
ch vn hnh bnh thng mch by pass khng lm vic.
- Khi b PSD nhn c tn hiu ng, ct pha lin quan vi in p chnh s c ng
b u tin. Thi im ng/ ct mong mun lin quan n im zero ca in p hoc dng
in. Thi im ng/ct s tr mt khong thi gian thch hp i vi pha tng ng. Khi tnh
ton thi gian tr, thi gian lm vic ca cc c cu c kh, thi gian phng in h quang ca
my ct c a vo b PSD tnh ton.
- Sau y ta phn tch vic ng/ct mt khng b ngang s dng b PSD, nhng biu
di y v cho mt pha.
 a. ng khng b ngang vo thi im in p cao nht.

+ Xung iu khin ng c gi n b PSD bt k thi im no (1), tuy nhin b

PSD s khng gi tn hiu ng MC ngay. B PSD xc nh xung in p (hoc dng in)
tip theo i qua im 0 s c tham chiu lm xung ng b (2). Ty thuc vo thi gian tc
ng ca my ct tbreaker(5) m thi gian tr tdelay (3) c tnh ton sao cho dng in qua MC
s bt u vo thi im dng tc thi bng 0 (7). Lnh ng t b PSD pht i (4). Tip im
MC tip xc vo thi im cui khong thi gian tprearc (8) tnh t thi im in p cao nht
hay thi im dng tc thi bng 0 (7), y l thi im khi xung in p ang gim v gi tr
0. Tip im MC bt u tip xc (6). Thi gian chu h quang tprearc (8) c ci t c lp
cho tt c ba pha. Vic ng MC vi 2 pha cn li c lp v theo cng mt nguyn tc trn.
 b. Ct khng b ngang.

+ Xung iu khin ct c gi n b PSD bt k thi im no (1), tuy nhin b PSD

s khng gi tn hiu ct MC ngay. B PSD xc nh xung dng in (hoc in p) tip theo
i qua im 0 s c tham chiu lm xung ng b (2). Ty thuc vo thi gian tc ng ca
my ct tbreaker(5) m thi gian tr tdelay (3) c tnh ton sao cho dng in qua MC s chm
dt vo thi im dng tc thi bng 0 (8). Lnh ct t b PSD pht i (4).
Tip im MC bt u m ra (6). Trong khong thi gian chu h quang tarc (7) t khi tip
im MC bt u m ra v dng in i v gi tr 0, tip im MC s tch ra mt khong cch
xa c th chu c in p qu phc hi. Thi gian chu h quang tarc (8) c ci t
c lp cho tt c ba pha. Vic ct MC vi 2 pha cn li c lp v theo cng mt nguyn tc
trn.