Generic Name Brand Name Date and Time Dosage and Classification Action Indication Nursing

Ordered Route of Intervention

Administration
Cefotaxime Claforan Every 8 hours 135mg TIV Cephalosporin Inhibits bacterial Treatment of
antibiotic cell wall synthesis systemic
by binding to one infections
or more of the caused by
penicillin-binding susceptible
proteins PBPs strains of
which in turn micro-
inhibits the final organisms.
transpeptidation
step of
peptidoglycan
synthesis in
bacterial cell
walls, thus
inhibiting cell wall
biosynthesis.
Bacteria
eventually lyse du
e to ongoing
activity of cell
wall autolytic
enzymes
autolysins and
murein hydrolases
while cell wall
assembly is
arrested.

Generic Name Brand Name Date and Time Dosage and Classification Mechanisms of Indication Nursing
Ordered Route of Action Intervention
Administration
Ampicillin Omnipen, Every 8 hours 135mg TIV Cephalosporin Acts as a For treatment of  Determ
Polycillin, antibiotic competitive infection ine previous
Principen inhibitor of the (Respiratory, GI, hypersensiti
enzyme UTI and vity
transpeptidase, meningitis) due reactions to
which is needed to E. coli, P. penicillins,
by bacteria to mirabilis, cephalospori
make their cell enterococci, ns, and other
walls. It inhibits Shigella, S. allergens
the third and typhosa and prior to
final stage of other therapy.
bacterial cell Salmonella,  Lab
wall synthesis in nonpenicillinase tests:
binary fission, -producing N. Baseline
which ultimately gononhoeae, H. C&S tests
leads to cell influenzae, prior to
lysis. The holes staphylococci, initiation of
that appear in the streptococci therapy;
cell walls allow including start drug
the body’s streptoc pending
immune system results.
to take over and  Report
fight off the promptly
bacteria. unexplained
Ampicillin has bleeding
received FDA (e.g.,
approval for its epistaxis,
action of purpura,
mechanism. ecchymoses
).
 Monito
r patient
carefully
during the
first 30 min
after
initiation of
 IV therapy
for signs of
hypersensiti
vity and
anaphylactoi
d reaction
Serious
anaphylactoi
d reactions
require
immediate
use of
emergency
drugs and
airway
management
.
 Observ
e for and
report
symptoms
of
superinfecti
ons
Withhold
drug and
notify
physician.
 Monito
r I&O ratio
and pattern.
Report
dysuria,
urine
retention,
and
 hematuria.

Generic Name Brand Name Date and Dosage and Classification Mechanisms of Indication Nursing
Time Ordered Route of Action Intervention
Administration
Diazepam Valium PRN 0.8mg TIV Anticonvulsants, -Depress the -Adjunct in the - Monitor BP,
sedative/hyptonics CNS, probably management of: PR,RR prior to
, skeletal muscle by potentiating 1) Anxiety periodically
relaxants GABA, an 2) Preoperative throughout
(centrally acting) inhibitory sedation therapy and
neurotransmitter. 3) Conscious frequently
- Produces sedation during IV
skeletal muscle - Provides light therapy.
relaxation by anesthesia and - Assess IV site
inhibiting spinal anterograde frequently
polysynaptic amnesia during
afferent - Treatment of administration,
pathways. status diazepam may
- Has anticonvul- epilepticus/ cause phlebitis
sant properties uncontrolled and venous
due to enhanced seizures thrombosis.
presynaptic - Skeletal - Prolonged
inhibi- muscle relaxant high-dose
tion.Therapeutic - Management therapy may
effects: of the symptoms lead to
(1) Relief of of alcohol psychological
Anxiety withdrawal or physical
(2) Sedation dependence.
(3) Amnesia Restrict
(4) Skeletal amount of drug
muscle relaxant available to
(5) Decreased patient.
seizure activity Observe
depressed
patients closely
for suicidal
tendencies.
- Observe and
record
intensity,
duration and
location of
seizure
activity. The
initial dose of
diazepam
offers seizure
control for 15-
20 min after
administration.
- IM injections
are painful and
erratically
absorbed. If IM
route is used,
inject deeply
into deltoid
muscle for
maximum
absorption.
- Caution
patient to avoid
taking alcohol
or other CNS
depressants
concurrently
with this
medication.
- Effectiveness
of therapy can
 be
demonstrated
by decrease
anxiety level;
control of
seizures;
decreased
tremulousness.

Generic Name Brand Name Date and Dosage and Classification Mechanisms of Indication Nursing
Time Route of Action Intervention
Ordered Administration
Dexamethason Decadron Anti-inflammatory Dexamethasone For the
e is a synthetic treatment of
(man-made) respiratory
corticosteroid that diseases,h
blocks ematologic
inflammation and disorders, and
are used in a wide cerebral edema.
variety of
inflammatory
diseases affecting
many organs.

Generic Brand Name Date and Dosage and Classification Mechanisms of Indication Nursing
Name Time Route of Action Intervention
Ordered Administration
Gentamicin Garamycin, OD 20mg TIV antiinfective; Usually Parenteral use  Lab tests:
Septopal, aminoglycoside bacteriocidal. restricted to Perform
Cidomycin antibiotic treatment of C&S and
serious renal
infections of GI, function
respiratory, and prior to
urinary tracts, first dose
CNS, bone, and
skin, and soft periodicall
tissue y during
(including therapy;
burns) when therapy
other less toxic may begin
antimicrobial pending
agents are test results.
ineffective or Determine
are creatinine
contraindicated. clearance
Has been used and serum
in combination drug
with other concentrati
antibiotics. Also ons at
used topically frequent
for primary and intervals,
secondary skin particularl
infections and y for
for superficial patients
infections of with
external eye and impaired
its adnexa. renal
function,
infants
(renal
immaturity
), older
adults,
patients
receiving
high doses
 or therapy
beyond 10
d, patients
with fever
or
extensive
burns,
edema,
obesity.
 Repeat
C&S if
improveme
nt does not
occur in 3–
5 d;
reevaluate
therapy.
 Note:
Dosages
are
generally
adjusted to
maintain
peak
serum
gentamicin
concentrati
ons of 4–
10 g/mL,
and trough
concentrati
ons of 1–2
g/mL.
Peak
concentrati
ons above
 12 g/mL
and trough
concentrati
ons above
2 g/mL are
associated
with
toxicity.
 Draw
blood
specimens
for peak
serum
gentamicin
concentrati
on 30 min–
1h after IM
administrat
ion, and 30
min after
completion
of a 30–60
min IV
infusion.
Draw
blood
specimens
for trough
levels just
before the
next IM or
IV dose.
Use
nonheparin
ized tubes
to collect
 blood.

Generic Name Brand Name Date and Dosage and Classification Mechanisms of Indication Nursing
Time Route of Action Intervention
Ordered Administration
Mannitol Osmitrol Every 6 hours 10ml TIV Diuretic, Osmotic Increases Used to reduce -Asses
osmotic intraocular and patient’s
pressure of intracerebral
condition
glomerular pressures, and,
filtrate, in conjunction before therapy
inhibiting with other and
tubular diuretics to regularly
reabsorption of rapidly reduce thereafter to
water and edema or ascites monitor the
electrolytes. when drug’s
This elevates appropriate
effectiveness.
blood
osmolarity, -Monitor vital
enhancing signs, central
water & sodium venous
flow into pressure and
extracellular fluid
fluid. intake & output
hourly.
-Insert urethral
catheter in
comatose or
incontinent
patient because
therapy is
based on strict
evaluation
of fluid intake
& output.