DESIGN & IMPLEMENTATION OF REAL TIME VEHICLE THEFT

MONITOR, ALERT AND CONTROL SYSTEM

CHAMARAJU Y. S.
1
Department of ECE, Sri JayaChamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka, India

DR. U.B. MAHADEVASWAMY

2
Associate professor, Department of ECE, Sri JayaChamarajendra College of, Engineering Mysore,
Karnataka, India

ABSTRACT: This paper deals with design and implementation of vehicle theft, real time
monitoring and control system. This proposed system makes use of AVR microcontroller, it allows
the vehicle to turn on only after the both mechanical key and correct digital keys are inserted. This
system allows car user to enter digital keys up to three attempts. If the user is not able to enter the
correct digital keys then automatically vehicle will be locked and SMS will be sent to the
registered mobile regarding vehicle theft, vehicle position and LOCK DRIVER locks the vehicle.
Then it can only be turned on by vehicle owner. To do so, it makes use of GPS and GSM modules
which are hidden within the vehicle. To make it helpful for both personnel vehicles and
commercial / taxi-service vehicles, Real time user defined passwords are realized. It allows the
owner to change the password frequently, after the vehicle is allowed to driven by others like
drivers, friends, relatives etc.

KEYWORDS: AVR microcontroller, GPS, GSM, SMS, digital keys, Real time, lock driver..

INTRODUCTION

Now a days taxi service is one of the profitable businesses in metropolitan cities. But at the same
time vehicle theft cases are increasing at an alarming rate. And hence GPS has become common
electronic module in automobiles to track their position. Many proposed anti theft control
systems concentrate on tracking and locking the vehicles after it is being stolen[1]. Delay in
tracking the vehicle helps to carry it away with heavy vehicles and dismantle them, though remote
locking is done[2]. It clears tracking alone doesnt solve the theft problems. It makes us to
remember precaution is better than cure, vehicles must be protected against theft attempts and if
it fails then tracking and locking is necessary. So microcontroller, GSM, GPS, LCD, and LOCK
DRIVERS[2] are used to monitor and control the vehicles in an effective manner. As, in time
response to any problem allows us to solve it early and easily.

Detecting and protecting the attempt to theft vehicle is an essential and important step in anti theft
control systems. Hence traditional digital locking system is used along with mechanical lock[4]. It
makes vehicle too privacy. But in cases like differently abled, aged, patient, taxi business people
must disclose the digital password to the driver. To overcome problems of fixed password, here we
have used real time user defined password to unlock and lock the vehicle so that user can
frequently change it like ATM pin, mobile password, online banking passwordetc.

Once the vehicle has been handed over to second party to handle it, monitoring and controlling
facility should left with owner himself/herself. Hence GSM and GPS modules are used as
well [3][4]. GSM technology has not only become popular for mobile communication but also
became an important tool to detect the (position of) crimes. Hence GSM and GPS modules are
included in this anti theft control system to detect the position of stolen vehicle.

SYSTEM STRUCTURE

This system consists of two sections USER section and VEHICLE section. User section is a
wireless RF transmitter used to create real time digital password and send it to vehicle section for
authentication, and a mobile to get SMS alert. It consists of MICROCONTROLLER,keypad,
power supply, encoder RF transmitter, LCD display, and Wireless RFtransmitter. Vehicle section
consists of MICROCONTROLLER, power supply, decoder, RF receiver, GPS, GSM module and
lock driver.

USER SECTION

User section is either in the owners custody or with the driver continuously sends the RF signal to
RF receiver built inside the vehicle within the 433 MHZ frequency range. If any user enters wrong
password in all the three attempts then the microcontroller sends the password mismatch signal
through encoder and RF transmitter to the RF receiver which triggers vehicle section to
immediately send the SMS to the registered mobile using GSM, regarding attempt to theft the
vehicle as well as position of the vehicle for every specified period. Even if vehicle has been theft
by making use of other vehicle (either to pull/carry) without turning it on, then Signal
disconnection between user section RF transmitter with vehicle section RF receiver allows to
perform the same function as it performed during wrong password entry. To alert the user during
night hours, alarm is used in user section. Fig. 1,2 shows the user section.

Fig.1 vehicle owner mobile

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 Fig.2 user section
Encoder
Input data is encoded before transmitting it to receiver. Encoding and decoding technique is used
to avoid loss, and provide secure communication. IC HT12E encoder is used for encoding. HT12E
is a 2^12 series encoder IC widely used in remote control and very common among Radio
Frequency RF applications. This HT12E IC capable of converting 12 bit Parallel data inputs into
serial outputs. These bits are classified into 8 (A0- A7) address bits and 4(AD0-AD3) data bits.
Using the address pins we can provide 8bit security code for secured data transmission between
the encoder and the decoder. The encoder and decoder should use the same address and data
format. HT12E is capable of operating in a wide Voltage range from 2.4V to 12V and also consists
of a built in oscillator.

RF transmitter
RF transmitter or receiver module is used to transmit or receive radio signals between two devices.
In embedded application it is often desirable to communicate between two devices wirelessly. 434
MHz RF module is used.

Keypad
Keypad is used to enter the digital keys to turn on the vehicle; in this project we have used 4x4
matrix key pad. Key pad is in the matrix form, rows are connected to output port and columns are
connected to input port. The microcontroller continuously scans the keys to detect and identify the
pressed key.

Power supply
Power supply unit consists of AC voltage to DC voltage converter. It includes step down
transformer, diodes, filter and voltage regulator.

LCD display
A liquid crystal display is a low cost, low power device capable of displaying text and images.
LCDs are common in embedded systems.LCD display is used to display warning message, error
message, alert message at the user section. The brightness of LCD can be controlled by varying the
variable resistor connected to pin3 of LCD.

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AVR microcontroller
AVR is an acronym of advanced virtual RISC microcontroller. AVR microcontroller is faster than
PIC microcontroller, 8051 microcontroller. And it executes all the instruction in a single cycle.
Atmega8 is used in this project. It acts as a brain of this project. An Arduino board used in this
prototype consists of an 8-bit Atmel AVR microcontroller with complementary components to
facilitate programming and incorporation into other circuits. An important aspect of Arduino is the
free open source software. The development board includes 5V regulator and a 16MHz crystal
oscillator. An Arduinos microcontroller is also preprogrammed with a boot loader that simplifies
uploading of programs to the on-chip flash memory. Board also has inbuilt LCD driver. [5][6].

VEHICLE SECTION

It consists of MICROCONTROLLER, power supply, decoder, RF receiver, GPS, GSM module

and lock driver. Wireless RF receiver receives the RF signal and is decoded by HT12D before it is
fed to microcontroller. Depending upon the received signal microcontroller either allows the
vehicle to turn on or doesnt allow it to turn on. If RF communication is cut or wrong digital
password is entered then vehicle section immediately sends the SMS to the registered mobile using
GSM, regarding attempt to theft the vehicle as well as position of the vehicle for every specified
period. Even if vehicle has been theft by making use of other vehicle (either to pull/carry) without
turning it on, then also RF signal absence between RF transmitter and RF receiver allows
performing the same function as it performed during wrong password entry. To alert the user
during sleeping hours alarm is used in user section. Fig. 3 shows the vehicle section.

Fig.3 vehicle section

GSM module
Global system for mobile (GSM) is a technology used for long distance communication via
cellnetwork. Cell network uses elevated tower that consists of transreceiver which relays the data
from one tower to another tower until it reaches the called GSM mobile. Module is used to send
the message to user mobile regarding vehicle theft as well as position of the vehicle determined
using GPS. This prototype uses GSM SIM900 module.[4][8].

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GPS module
The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides
location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there
is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The system provides critical
capabilities to military, civil and commercial users around the world. It is developed by U.S.
National marine electronics association. utput ASCII code contains the latitude, longitude,
altitude, speed, time, and satellite information. As per our prototype requirement, we
only need longitude and latitude.[7]

LOCK driver
Lock driver is an electronic module that locks the vehicle when it is being stolen. It can be
interfaced with either ignition control or petrol pipe to lock the vehicle. In our prototype we have
used it with ignition control and relay is used for demonstration purpose[2].

Indication
Indication unit is essentially required to ensure that anti theft control system is working in vehicle.
Here we have used an LED to confirm whether the microcontroller is working or not since it is the
main functional unit of this system. Otherwise the theft attempt alerts may not reach to the owner
of the vehicle.

CONCLUSION

The proposed system can effectively reduce the vehicle theft cases as it doesnt allow the Vehicle
to turn on without the correct password. And it alerts the owner immediately after the vehicle has
been theft and continuously sends the vehicle movement position. The proposed system is less
expensive and can be implemented on any vehicle since it is developed by GSM and GPS
technology. System consists of user section and vehicle section. User section also has a mobile; it
receives the GPS information immediately either after RF communication fails between
transmitter and receiver or wrong password entered. Owner can act immediately and secure the
vehicle. Lock driver can be interfaced either with the ignition system or with the fuel pipe to lock
the vehicle. Fig.4 shows the flow diagram of this proposed system. It shows the steps and
sequences of operation carried out by the designed module depending upon the condition status.

FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

The whole system can be made more compact and flexible. All the modules and systems can be
brought under a single chip and system-on-chip (SOC) for anti theft real time monitor and control
system.

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 Fig.4 Flowchart describes the proposed systems operation

REFERENCES

M.F Saaid, M.A Kamaludin, M.S.A Megat Ali, Vehicle Location Finder Using Global Position
System and Global System for Mobile, IEEE 2014
Sharmila Chidaravalli, N.Maheswari, Manjunath T.K, Andrews Samraj, Locking and Unlocking
of Theft Vehicles Using CAN, International Conference on Green High Performance
Computing, IEEE978-1-4673-2594-3/2013
Zhigang Liu, Anqi Zhang and Shaojun Li, Vehicle Antitheft Tracking System Based on Internet
of Things, IEEE 978-1-4799-380-/2013.
Dr.T.C.Manjunath, Ravi Rayappa, M Mahesh,Chandrashekhar M Patil, B.G Nagaraja, Design &
Development of GSM Based Vehicle Theft Control System, International Conference on
Advanced Computer Control. IEEE 2008
M.A. Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller & Embedded systems, Pearson Education Asia,
India,2003 [6] Arduino (n.d). Arduino arduinoBoardMega2560 retrieved from
http://arduino.cc/en/Main?ArduinoBoardMega2560.
GPS.gov:How GPS Works poster. Retriever from http://www.gps.gov/multimedia/poster
How Does a GSM Phone Work? eHow. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/how-
does_5041190_gsm-phone-work.html

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