an-p-Itbm?

Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
tbmlm {Intm^v Bt\mUv

hnh\w
dh. kpKp tPm Nmn
 hfsc ITn-\-amb Hcp {]am-W-ap-v.......
am\-knI X-tap-tm AXns BLm-X-n
\nv hnap-n-t\-Sp-hm a-bm am{Xta kmy-am-Ip-I-bp-q.
Ae t]bv

ii iii
 Ah-Xm-cnI
D-Sw a F kzo-bhpw ssZho-I-hp-amb KpWw ssZhw a\p-
jy\v \In-bn-cn-p Hcp al Zm\w BWv. kml-N-cy--
tfmSv {]Xn-I-cn-pI F-XmWv a\p-jy-kz-`m-hw. Cu {]Xn-I-c-W-
n\v hI-t`-Z- Dv. Fight - FXn-cn-Sp-I, Flight - ]nhm-p-I,
Fright- \n-em-h--bn-em-IpI F aqp hi- a\p-jy-Po-hn-
Ah-Xm-cnI v
X-am-Ip t]mIp-f-n hon-p-tm km[n-pw. ss[cyw,
BapJw 1 `ocp-Xzw, \n-em-h-, Ch-bmWv Ah-bn Dsm-p--Xv. Cu
1. ssIv F A_pZw 3
Xc-n-ep {]Xn-I-cWw Hcp {]mIrX kz`mhw am{X-am-Wv. a
F Bibw ChnsS Zin-p-hm kmy-a-.
2. AXn-i-b--fn hniz-kn-pI 17
ad-p-I, s]mdp-pI Fo hmp-I \mw km[m-c-W-bmbn
3. hntZz-j-ns N{Iw Dcp-fp-Xv Cm-sXbm-pI 32 D]-tbm-Kn-m-dp-v. Forget, Forgive Fo Bi-b--fmWv Ah. B
Hcp {]tXyI kwK-Xn-tbmSp {]Xn-I-cn-m-Xn-cn-pI F-XmWv
4. \nsf ]oUn-n-p--hsc A\p-{K-ln-pI 44
CXp-sImv A-am-p--Xv. CXv hkvXp-X-Isf In Fv
5. atbm \oXntbm? 59 \Sn-bvpI AYhm I-S-bvpI F kao-]-\-am-Wv.
6. Zbm {]hn-I 74 Bb-Xn-\m km[m-cW am\p-joI {]Xn-I-c-W--fn \npw
D]-cn-bmbn a\p-jy-\n Dsm-p ssZh kmZr-iy-n \nv
7. A\p-c-RvP\w Akm-y-am-Ip-tm 87
Df-hm-Ip--XmWv a. AYhm ssZh-kvt\-l-amWv a\p-jy\v an-
8. ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X-nse am-ioew 94 p-hm Ign-bp--Xns tNtXm-hn-Im-cw. Cu a-bpsS aIp-tSm-
9. a hnhm-l-Po-hn-X-n 108
Zm-l-cWw tbip-{InkvXp Xs-bm-Wv. Xs D]-{Z-hn-p--hsc
kvt\ln-p-hm-\p a\v Bbn-cpp Im-hns a-bpsS
10. amXm-]n-Xm--tfmSp a 117 ASn-m-\w.
11. ssZhs ]gn-pI 130 a \ntj-[m--I-a {]XypX XnIpw {Iobm--I-amb Hcp
12. \tmSp Xs- anpI 139
Bob t]mcm--amWv. ""Ch sNp-Xv Fv Fv Adn-bm-bvI-
bm Ch-tcmSv an-t-Wta'' Fv Imhp ]d-Xv Ipcn-
13. D-c-hm-ZnXzw Gs-Sp-pI 149 in InS-p-sIm-m-Wv. ]s AXns ASn-m-\-amb am\-
14. a F ZoL-bm{X 156 knI kwL-\w \S-Xv KXvi-a-\-tm--n shv Bbn-cpp.
]g-b-\n-b-a-nse tPmk-^ns IY-bn \nv D-hn-p
15. Hmf- Df-hmpI 176
\nc-h[n tNmZy--fmWv Cu ]pkvXIw hmbn-p--Xn\pw ]noSv
AXv Xna sNp--Xn\pw Fs t{]cn-n--Xv. tPmk-^ns
IY-bnepw ktlm-Z-c-msc hopw ImWp ka-bv Df-hm-Ip
iv v
am\-koI kwL-\w hfsc hy-am-Wv. an-p-hm\pw Xs
a\-nse \ntj-[m--I--fmbn hnIm-c-sf Igp-In-I-f-bp-hm\pw
\nc-n-sbpw kam-[m-\-n-sbpw Bm-hn-\m \nd-b-s-Sp-
hm\pw tPmk^v kabw FSp-p. IqSmsX Xs D]-{Z-hn ktlm-
Z-c-m-cpsS a\-m-nsb tNmZyw sNbvXp Ahsc a\-m--c-
ns A\p-`-h-n--tev \bn-phm\pw tPmk-^n\v ssZh-Ir-
]-bm km[n-p.
a\p-jy-Po-hnXw F bmYmy-n Cu {InkvXob a
{]Zin-n \nc-h[n hyn-I-fpsS A\p-`-h--fmWv {K-Im-c
Cu ]pkvX-I-n hnh-cn-p--Xv.
amv, 2011 dh. kpKp tPm Nmn
tImbw

vi vii
an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? ssIv F A_pZw
BapJw
1995 sk]vw-_ amkw Hcp Znhkw cmhnse Rm h-am-
\-]{Xw Xpdp t\mn-b-tm I-hm Fs sRn-p.
]Xn- t \- g p- h - b p {]mbw hcp B e- h m- k n- b mb Hcp
s]Ipnsb ]I kabw Xn-sm-p- t]mbn ssewKnI
]oU\w \Sn h[np F-Xm-bn-cpp hm. Hcm-gvN-bvIw
Ip-IrXyw \S-nb IpSpw-_k - p-lrv Ip-k
- Xw \S-n. Ahsf
ASp-p Hcp Imn sImp-t]mbn ]oUn-n--Xn-\p-tijw
Ipe-sNbvXv Ah-fpsS arX-tZlw Abm Hfn-n-p.
e-hm-kn-If - psS {]Xn-Ic
- Ww Duln-m-hp-X- m-Wv. Ip-IrXyw
sNbvX-h ac-W-tbm-Ky, Xo-bmbpw inn--s-S-Ww. h[-
in--sb-m Ipd-hmbn asmpw \Ip-hm-\n-. B kwm-\-
ns \nbaw A\p-im-kn-p Xc-n Abm B inbvv
Al-\m-bncpp. ]t, Khsans ho ih-ic - ocw Ip-
]n-Sn-p--Xn klm-bn-p-I-bm-sW-n 20 hj-n Ipd-hmb
Hcp in \Ip-hm tImS-Xnsb t_m[n-n-m-sav hmKvZm\w
\In. ]t, arX-tZlw Is-Sp--Xn-\p-tijw Abm Xs
hmKvZm-\-n \nv Atlw ]namdn Fp am{X-a kao-]-Im-
e--fn h[-in-bvp thn hmZn-p BZy ho-em-Ip-sav
sImn-tLm-jn-p. P\-{]oXn e`y-am-Ip--Xn\p Hcp kao-]\w
Bbn-cpp AXv. {]mtZ-inI hm hnX-cWw GPkn-bpsS
Hcp ]{X-k-t-f-\-n, Ip-hm-fnsb Xsf Gev]n-p-I-bm-sW-
n Ah Xs in \S-m-p-hm Xm-dmWv Fv ]d-v
Npp-ap a\p-jycpw Ah-cpsS {]Xn-Imc hnIm-c- tcJ-s-Sp-
n.
Cu Xc-n-ep hnIm-c-fpw {]h\fpw a\-n-em-m-
hp--XmWv Fnepw AXn-Zm-cp-W-ambn h[n--s s]Ip-n-
bpsS IpSpw-_mw-K - pw kvt\ln-Xpw F{]-Imcw kam-[m\w
\Ipw F-Xn-s\-p-dnv Rm Nnn-p. Hcp ]-m-c F
\nebvv Rm sNt--Xn-s\-p-dnv F\nv t_m[-ap-m-bn-
cp-p. B s]Ip-n-bpsS ih-kw-kvmc ip{iq-jbvv Fs
k`-bnse Nnesc \ntbm-KntXmsSmw B Ipn-bpsS amXm-]n-
Xm-v Rm Ipsd ]pjv]- sImSp--b-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Fm Fs lrZ-b-`mcw ITn-\-am-bn-cp-p. B Ipe-bm-fnsb
1
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
t\cn ImW-W-sav Rm B{K-ln-p. P\-k-aw Abm
Hcp ss]im-Nn-I-\m-Wv. Abm-fpsS ss]im-NnI Nn-Isf t\cn-Sp-
hm-\mWv Rm Xp\n--Xv. AXp-t]msebp lo\hpw ss]im-
Nn-Ihpw Bb {]hn-I sNbvX-Xn-\p-tijw Bbpp apgp-
h\pw a\-a - m-[m-\a- n-msX Abmv Pohn-tn hcpw FXpw
Fs a\-n Dm-bn-cp-p.
Abmsf Pbn-en t]mbn kin-p-Xv s]mXp-P-\-n\v
sXn-m-cW
- I - Dmpw F-Xn\p kwi-ba - n-mbn-cp-p. ]s
AXv Fs Npa-Xe - b - mWv F t_m[w Fn Df-hm-bn. AXns
A\--c-^-e-ambn Ipsd amk-p-tijw Abmsf Abm-fpsS
GIm XS-hp-ap-dn-bn Rm t]mbn Abmsf kin-p. Hcp
sIme-bm-fnsb t\cnp apJm-apJw Iv Abm-tfmSv Rm kwkm-
cn-p. Abm-tfm-sSmv aWn-q-dp-I B skn Nne-hn--Xns\
XpSv \m\m-hn-[-amb tNmZy- Fs a\-n DS-se-Sp-p.
B tNmZy--fpsS ASn-m-\n Df-hmb Nn-I-fmWv Cu
]pkvXIw Fgp-Xp-hm Fs t{]cn-n--Xv.
Fs ki-\ - Ignv GI-tZiw aqp-am-k - n-\p-tijw
B Ipe-bmfn Xs {Iqc-Ir-Xy-nnc-bmb s]Ip-n-bpsS IpSpw-
_mw-K-sf tImSXn apdn-bv-Iv t\cnp ImWp-I-bp-m-bn. B
apdnbn P\w Xnn-bn-cp-p. AhnsS sIme-bm-fn-tbm-Sp hntZz-
jhpw shdppw \ng-enncp-p. tImSXn XpS-nbXn\p-tijw
\ymbm- [ n- ] hn[n- h m- b n- pI F- X m- b n- c p- p BZy- a mbn
sNbvXXv. ]tcm Cm Poh]-cy-w. CXp hmbn--Xn\p ]pdsa
PUvPn XpSp. "Pbn-en \o A\p-`-hn-p-hm t]mIp \c-I-
bm-X\ \nXy-X-bnse \ns \c-I-bm-X-\-bpsS Hcp ap-dn-bnv
BI-s'.
AXn-\p-tijw {]Xnv kwkm-cn-p-hm-\p Ah-kcw \In.
Dnepw Fm hnd-bvp--Xp-amb kzc-n B s]Ip-
n-bpsS amXm-]n-Xm--tfmSv B Ipe-bmfn Xs Ip-s-p-dnv
A\p-Xm-]-]qhw am-]Ww \S-n. Xm Ahp hcp-n-
sh thZ-\-bn AXoh ZpxJn-X-\mWv Fpw ssZhoI a-
bvp thn \nc-cw {]mn-pp Fp Abm ]d-p.
AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp--h-cn \npw tIm]-ns kzc- [z\np.
CXp-t]mse Hcp hyntbmSv F{]-Imcw a-npw Fv Rm
Fs a\-n Hmp KmV-ambn Nnn-p.
2 3
ssIv F A_pZw
A[ymbw 1
ssIv F A_pZw
""kzbw hnjw IpSnv i{Xp- Cm-sX-bm-Ip-sav Nnn-p-
-XmWv hntZzjw F hnImcw''.
NELSON MANDELA
kam-[m-\ - n-sbpw ktm-j - n-sbpw hmXn BWv ZoL-
-a. Ip\nv Ib-d---hw B hm-Xn CSp-n-bXpw sNdp-
XpamWv. hf-sc-b-[nIw kabw \In-bm-sW-n t]mepw B
hmXn Isn-b-h-sc-p-dn-mWv Cu ]pkvX-I-n {]Xn-]m-
Zn-n-cn-p--Xv. Ah-sc-p-dn-p hnh-c-W- hmbn-p--Xn
IqSn Hcp ]s \npw B hmXn Is-mw. AhnsS
Fn-bm \np am{Xta B hmXn Xpd-p-hm kmy-
am-Iq.
an-pI Fm FmWv? In\v Iv F coXn-bn-ep
am\p-jnI \oXn-bp-ambn AXn-\p-_--an-. AYhm, AXv ad-pI
F Xc-nep XpSp-p-am-epw A. PohnXw Hcn-epw \oXn
kw]q-a-. an--s-Sp-hm ]mSn-m-Xv ]eXpw hp-sIm-
t-bn-cn-pw.
\ap-t Hcp Xtam apdnthm \mw an-p-tm ad-p-I-
f-bp-n-. AXn-\p- ]-Icw sNp-hm {ian-p--Xnepw D]-cn-bmbn
AXns\ t_m[-]qhw t\mp-Ibpw AXn\v D-c-hm-Zn-bmb
hynbpw Bbp Da _w ]p\m-]n-p-Ibpw BWv
th-Xv.
am\-ko-Ia - mtbm Bo-ba - mtbm Hcp X-tap-tm, AXn-
tev Xncnv t\mpI FXv k km[m-c-W-am-Wv. AXn
bmsXmcp A]m-I-X-bp-an-. Fm asm-cm-fmWv CXv sNbvXXv
Fv \mw Icp-Xp-s-n \psS thZ\ B hyn-tbm-Sp
hntZz-jtam ]Itbm Bbn amdp-p.
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
\psS thZ-\-bpsS ImcWw B hyn BWv FXv icnbpw
BImw sXmb Hcp [mc-Wbpw BImw. Fm Cu hntZzjw
\psS lrZ-b-n AXns A\--c-^-e- Df-hm-Ip-p. B
hntZzjw \s Imp Xnv asm hn[ Da Nn-I-sfbpw
{]h-\--sfbpw AXv \in-n-p-Ibpw sNp-p.
lrZ-b-n shdp-ns Bm-hp-ambn Pohn-p ]e-scbpw
\apv ImWp-hm km[n-pw. kzbw ]cn-Xm-]-n-sbpw shdp-
n-sbpw Imc-W-`q-X-cmb kw`-h--fpsS Hma-I Ah-cpsS a\-
n sXfnp InS-p-p. AXv ]Sn-]S- n-bmbn ap-h- c
- psS apn
\nc-n-shv R Fp-am{Xw IjvSXbnembn D]-{Z-hn--s-
Spp Fv t_m[y-am-p-hm {ian-pw. ]pdsa Ah kuay-
Xbpw im-Xbpw \Sn-p-sa-nepw AIsa s]mn-s-dn-p-hm
t]mIp An-]h-X-ns Xc-n-ep hnIc kZ-n-
emWv Ah-cpsS Pohn-Xw.
hntZzj hnIm-c-n\v ASn-a-sp Pohn-p--h Ah-cpsS thZ-
\-Isf \nc-cw {]I-S-am-pw. \nc-cw ITn-\-ambn Ah ]oUn-
n--s-Spp F Nnbvv apK-W\ \Ip Ah a-
sb-p-dnpw an-p-X - ns Bh-iy-s-p-dnpw Nnn-p-n.
Fm a-sb-p-dn-p D-a-t_m-[hpw ap--h-tcmSv a
{]I-Sn-n-pI FXpw Cu Iqv hfsc Bh-iy-am-Wv. ]Ibpw
hntZz-jhpw \ndv Chv kvt\ln-p--Xn-\p Ignhpw B{K-
lhpw Cm-sX-bm-Ipw.
sPbn & s{_U (Jane & Brenda)
GI-tZiw apXv kwh-c -
- v apv Fs ]nXmhpw Rm\pw
kv t \lw Fv FXv {]I- S n- n- p- h m km[n- m Hcp
kv{Xosb kin-p. ap--hsc kvt\ln-p-hm km[n-p-n
F \ncm-i-bn sPbv Fp t]cp B kv{Xo Rsf
kzoI-c-W-ap-dn-bn-tev B\-bn-p. sPbv\ns `mhv ac-Wm-k-
-\mbn InS-p-p. Fm Xs `m-hn\v Bizm-k-h-N-\-
\Ip-hmt\m kam-[m-\-ta-Ip-hmt\m ip{iq-jn-p-hmt\m
sPbn-\n\v km[n-n-cp-n-.
Ip-a Hcp h\nX Bbn-cpp sPbn. Ah hf-sc-b-[nIw
Ign- h p- I fphfpw AtXm- s Smw Azm- \ - i o- e - a p- - h fpw
4 5
ssIv F A_pZw
hnizkvXbpw Bbn-cpp. Fm kwkmc thf-bn ]md t]mse
Dd-p lrZ-b-Im-Tn\yw Ah {]I-S-am-n. kvt\ln-p-hm
Ah ad-p-t]m-bncpp.
Ipsd amk- \op \n Iukn-en-ns ^e-ambn Cu
lrZ-b-Im-Tn-\y-ns Dd-hnSw shfn-hm--s-p. ap--h-tcmSv an-
-p-hm Ahv Ign-n-. CXn\p Imc-W-amb GsX-nepw
Hcp {]tXyI kw`-hs FSpp Imp-hm Ahp km[n-
n Fnepw Pohn-X-nse \nc-h[n sNdnb sNdnb kw`-h-
Ah-fpsS lrZ-b-n Ipanp IqSn-bn-cp-p. Bbn-c--W-
n-\p sNdnb sNdnb hntZz-j--fm Ah sI-s-n-cp-p.
ssZhoI Ir]-bm Cu hI _-\--fn \nv hnSp-X
{]m]n-m\pw Pohn-X-ns ktmjw hos-Sp-m\pw Pbn-\n\v
kmy-am-bn. Fm s{_U F kv{XobpsS IY CXm-bn-cp-
n-. hj--fmbn kzw amXp-e-\m ssewKoI ]oT-\-n\v
Ah Cc-bm-bn-cp-p. Bb-Xv aqe-ta am\-knI hntZzjw ad-
bvp-hm Abm Ah-fn aZym-kn hn-n-p. ]oUn-n-Nn-
Nn-cp An Fm Znhkhpw thmUvIm F aZyw Ahv
\In. HSp- h n Abm- f n \nv c- { ]m- ] n- m km[np
Fnepw Abm-fpsS kzm[o-\- Ah-fn \ne-\n-p.
Rm s{_Usb ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-tm Xs Ah ssk{In-
bm-{SnIv Iukn-enw-Kn\v hnt[bbmbn-cp-p. Ahv D-a-amb
Hcp tPmenbpw klr-Z-b-cmb \nc-h[n kvt\ln-Xcpw Dm-bn-cp-
p. Ah Bm-ambn s{_Usb D-aP - o-hn-X
- n\v klm-
bnp Fnepw ]gb A\p-`-h-sf ad-p-hm Ahv km[n-
n-cp-n-. Ah-fpsS am\-knI hnIm-c- cp-X-e-n-tev
Ahsf \bn-p. B hnIm-c-k-w Nne-tm Nncn-bn XpSn
A-lm-k-n IqSn Ic-n-en-tepw Ah \on. Hcp Znhkw
Aan-X-ambn `Ww Ignp Fn Ah asmcp Znhkw D]-
hm-khpw ipo-I-c-Whpw Xmev]-cy-s-p. Ah-fpsS aZym-kn
aqew Hmtcm Znh-khpw \nc-h[n aZy-Ip-n-I Ah Imen-bm-n.
s{_U Imam-k--\mb Hcphs \nc-]-cm-[n-bmb Cc Bbn-
cp-p F-Xn\v X-an-. Fm Ah Xs kzw kml-
N-cy--fn \np hnSp-X {]m]n-m {iaw \S-n-bn-. Ah-
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
fpsS An-fn-t\mSp an-p-hm km[n-m--Xn-\m \ncm-i-
bpsSbpw tIm]-nsbpw hnIm-c--Sn-a-sp An-fns
Zpxkzm-[o\ he-bn Xs Ign-p.
Rm klm-bn-p-hm {ian-n-p--h-cn Ghpw hnjaw
]nSn Hcp hyn-bmWv s{_U. Xs An-fn-t\mSp an-p-
-Xn IqSn am{Xta Ah-fpsS kml-N-cy--fn \nv hnSp-X
{]m]n-p-hm km[n-p-I-bpp Fv Rm IqsSqsS Ahsf
D]-tZ-in-p-h-p. Fnepw Ahsf kzm[o-\n-p-hm F\nbvv
km[n-n-. Ahsf Abm ]oUn-npw F Nn AIn ap
Nn-I-fn-tev hcp-n Fn hnSp-X e`y-am-I-bn F
kXyhpw Rm Ah-tfmSp ]d-p. Fm Ah IqSp-X
\ncm-i-bn-tev AI-sp. B-lXym {iaw \Sn, tlmkv-
]nen {]th-in--s-p.
ssewKoI ]oT-\ - n-\n-cb
- m-Ip-h
- cpsS apdn-hp-I DW-p-hm
Xmakw t\cn-Sp-p. Fm Ah Bbp-jvmew apgp-h \ncm-
i-bvS- n-as
- v B-lX
- ybvv apXn-tc Imcy-an-. s{_U-bpsS
A\p-`-h-n\v kam-\-amb Nne kw`-h--fn Cc-bm-bn-o-
h a-bpsS ]mT--fn IqSn ktm-jhpw kam-[m-\hpw Hcp
]pXnb Pohn-X-hpw Is-nbnp-v.
s ^oU (Glen Fielder)
]Xn-\m-dp-h-bp {]mb-am-b-tm s ^oU \ Hcp
ImbnI Xmchpw ^pSvt_m Ifn-m-c\pw Bbn Xop. kp{]-
kn ^pSvt_m Xmc-amb tUhnUv s_mw Xs XpS--n
]cn-io-e\w t\Snb ebv Hmdn-b v ^pSvt_m I\nbn
s Hcp AwK-am-bn-cp-p. s_mw (Beckham) AhnsS temI
{]ikvXn t\Sn-b-tm AtX ep hfp h s, Pohn-
X-ns \n-e-X-bn-tev Hcp \nanjw sImp hoWp-t]mbn.
""1987 P\p-h-cn-bn Chingford Community Hall shv \S Hcp
]mn-bn ]s-Sp-p-hm F\nv Ww e`n-p. B Ww
e`n-p-X - n\p thn Rm B{K-ln-n-cp-p. AXp sImv hfsc
ktm-j-tmSp IqSn Rm B ]mn-bn ]s-Sp-p. ]mXn-
cm-{Xnbvv kzev]w apv Fs Hcp kvt\ln-X\pw Rm\pw IqSn
6 7
ssIv F A_pZw
]pd-tv \S-p. Hcp sNdnb Zqcw Ign--tm As-p-t]
At\ym\yw hgp IqSp-Xp Ip. AXp-sImv R adp-h-
i-tv \S-p-hm XpS-n. AXn ]s-Sp-p--Xn\v R
bmsXmcp Xmev]-cyhpw Cm-bn-cp-p. GI-tZiw Bdp ao \Sp
Ign--tm Hcp hyn hgn-bn InS-p-Xp Iv R
AhnsS \np. ASn-tbv Ah-i-\n-e-bn-em-bn-cpp Abm. Rm
Ip\nv, Abmv klmbw \Ip-hm-\mbn Fs tImv Abm-
fpsS Xe-bv-Sn-bn shp. Fs kvt\ln-X Hcp Bw_p-ekv
hnfn-p--Xn-\mbn ASp sIn-S-n-tev HmSp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
klm-b-n\p thn R Imn-cp-p. Fm hgpw
ASn-]n-Snbpw IqSn-qSn hp Fp am{X-a AXv R-fpsS kao-
]-tv amdn-smpw Ccp-p. Hcp sNdnb `b-tmSp IqSn B
kabw Rm Fgp-t-p \np. B kabw Fs Xe-bpsS ]pd-
In Hcp ASn Inn-b-Xmbn F\nv A\p-`-h-s-p. AtXmsS Fs
t_m[w \jvS-s-SpI-bpw sNbvXp. bYm-n, Hcp In
Fs ]pdw-tXm-fns a[yn Ib-dnbncp-p. Rm Hcp Iptp
Fv am{X-a aqp \mep-t] IqSn Fs AXn-`o-I-c-amb coXn-
bn an-pIbpw sNbvXp. Fm AXv Hpw Xs Hmp-
hm F\nv km[n-n-. Rm t_m[m-h--bn-em-bn--gn--
Xn\v tijw am{Xw BWv F\nbvv FmWv kw`-hn-Xv Fv
a\-n-em-b-Xv. Fs \s-n\v X-tav Rm Bip-]-{Xn-bn
InS-tn hp. GI-tZiw aqm-gvN-tbmfw thZ\ kwlm-c-
n\pw Dd- - n\pw D acp-p-I Ah F\nv \In. t_m[m-
h--bn-em-bn--gn--Xn\p tijw Fs Ah--sb-p-dnv
]nXmhv FtmSp ]d-p. ho sNb-dn Fs injvS-ap
PohnXw \bn-tn hcpw F bmYmyhpw Fs ]nXmhv
F\nv shfn-s-Sp-n.
Fs PohnXw Ah-km-\np F Nn Fs Aen. Fs
lrZbw Fn \nv ]msS ]nSn-s-Sp--Xp-t]mse F\nv A\p-
`-h-s-p. ^pSvt_m Ifn F-Xm-bn-cpp Fs Pohn-Xw. Hcn-
epw B Ifn-bn ]m-fn-bm-Ip-hm kmy-a Fv F\nv
a\-n-em-bn. PohnXw A[x--Xn-p. Fpw CXn IqSp-X Hpw
Xs hcm-\n Fpw Rm Nnn-p. ]Xn-s\mp amkw Rm
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
tlmkv-]n-en InS-p. ]pdp h-tm Rm XnIpw Akz-
-\m-bn-cp-p. ^pSvt_m-fns\ Ipdnp Nnn-p-Xv Xs
F\nv at\m-th-Z\ Dfhmn. Rm ]s-Sp oans t^mtSm-
I Rm henp Iodn. Fs saU-ep-I-sfmw Xs Rm
Zqtcv hen-s-dn-p. n.-hn. bn ^pSvt_m Ifn ImWp-Xp
Rm shdp-p.''
sns\ Ipn apdn-th-ev]n--Xp-ambn _nv Bdp-t] Ad-
n-em-bn. AXn 18 hb-p Hcmv Bdv hjw XShpin
hn[n-p. ]s \mep-hjw am{Xw BWv Abm XS-hn InS-
-Xv. CXn s AXyw tIm]n-jvS-\m-bn-op. bmsXmcp
Imc-Whpw CmsX \S Hcp In-p-n\v Bdp-hjw am{Xw?
CXn Fhn-sS-bmWv \oXn? Bbp-p-ap-gp-h \op-\np
Hcp in-bmWv AIm-c-W-ambn Rm A\p-`-hn-tn hcp--Xv.
{]Xn-Imc hm Fn hfp sImn-cp-p.'' Hcp hj-n-
\p-tijw s km[m-cW Pohn-X - n-te-p Ka-\
- n\v {ianp.
""AXv Cw--nse Hcp \ tlmkv]n- Bbn-cp-p. AwK-
ssh-I-ey-aphcpsS PohnX coXn-I {Ia-s-Sp-p--Xn\v hf-
sc-b-[nIw klmbw \Ip-Ibpw ]pXnb PohnX Nn-I ]cn-io-
en-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fm Fs PohnXw Ah-km-\np F
[mc-W-bmWv Fs a\-n apn \n-Xv. Ah-km\w Fs
a\-ns D-a-\-n\v IqSp-X _ew e`n-p. hnhn[ tPmen-I
sNp--Xn\v Rm {ian-p. BZyw e`y-amb Khsa v tPmen
F\nv CjvS-am-bn-. ]pd-p tPmen-I-fn-em-bn-cpp F\nv
Xmev]-cyw. ]s F\nv Fv sNp-hm km[n-pw. ]noSv
Rm Hcp I-hS m]-\-n hnev]\ hn`m-Kv tPmen
t\mn. B ka-bv Rm Fs `mcy Pqensb BZy-ambn
Ipapn. AhnsS Rm XpSp. Hcp ]pXnb PohnXw XpS-n.
Fm Fs a\-n \ndp \nn-cp \ntj-[m--I-
amb hnIm-c- Fs Ae-n. Rm Hcp hnI-emw-K-\mWv Fv
ImWp Ghpw a\-n-em-Ipw. Fp-sImv sshIeyw hp
Fv ap--h tNmZn-p-tm Ipp-sIm--XmWv Fv ]d-
tb-n-h-cpw. Fm Fs Dn \ndp \nn-cp ]Ibpw
8 9
ssIv F A_pZw
hntZz-jhpw shfn-s-Sp-p-hm kmy-am-bn-cp-n-. hj-t- fmfw
Fs a\v Cf-In-a-dn-p. Fs D]-{Z-hn--hs\ hI-h-cp-p--
Xn\v Rm B{K-ln-p. InS--bn InSv B hn[-n-ep B{K-
l- cq]o-I-cn-p-Ibpw Bb-Xn-s\-p-dnp Znhm-kz]v\w ImWp-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
Fn kl-Xm]w {]I-Sn-n-phcpsS kw`m-jW iI-e-
Hpw Xs F\nv {]tbm-P\w sNbvXn-. F\nv CXv
`hn-n-cpp Fn Ahs Im Rm shSn-shv XIts\
BZn-bmb Xc-n-ep {]kvXm-h-\-I ]ecpw Fs kam-iz-
kn-n-p-hm-\mbn \In-bn-cp-Xv Fs hntZzj hnIm-c-
hn-n-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
`mKy-h-im {]Xn-Im-tc-O-bn \nv Ftm Fs ]nSnp
]pd-tImp amn. AXv Fm-bn-cpp Fv F\nv Adn-bp-hm
]mSn-. Fnepw B Nn-bvmbn Rm ssZh-n\v kvtXm{Xw
An-p-p. Ime-{I-a-n F\nv Cs\ ]d-hm km[n-p.
""BtemNnp-I, \o Ctmgpw Pohn-p-p. ku-cyhpw kvt\lhpw
D Hcp `mcysb \n\v e`n-p. Atcm-K-ZrVKm{X-cmb cp
Ipn-I-fp-ambn. Hcp tPmen-bpv kzw `h\w Dv. Nne IS-a-I
hln-m-\p km-nI tijnbpw Dv.
Fs D]-{Z-hn Bsf-mfpw sa-amb kml-N-cy--fnepw
coXn-I-fnepw Rm Pohn-p-p. Fs amc-I-ambn apdn-th-ev]n
Bsf-p-dnv IqSp-X-embn ]eXpw Rm a\-n-em-n. Abm
ab-p-a-cp-p-Iv ASn-abpw Pbn hmkw ]e-{]m-hiyw A\p-
`-hn--h\pw Bb Hcp at\m-tcmKn Bbn-cpp. Abm-fpsS IpSpw-
_mw-K- Abmsf shdp-p. Abmsf Hmv Ah en-p.
CXp-ambn Xe\w sNbvXp Rm Fsp-dnv Xs Hmp-
hm XpS-n. Rm Nnnp ""Fn Dsm-n-cn-p
tIm]hpw hntZz-jhpw \on-I-f-bp-n Fn F\nv krjvSn-
]-c-ambn aptmp Kan-pI FXv Akm-y-am-Wv.'' Cu Nn-I-
fpsS ASn-m-\-n Abm-tfmSp an-p-hm Rm {ianpw
Fv Rm Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp-p. CXv Hcp cm{Xn sImv kw`-hn
H. Rm kzbm-`n-am-\n-bmb Hcp hyn-bmWv. s]sv
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
AbmfpsS ASpv sNv Rm an-n-cn-pp Fv ]dbphm
F\nv kmy-am-bn-cp-n-. an-p-X - n\p thn Rm FSp
kabw ssZLy-ap--Xm-bn-cpp. s]s-p Hcp sshIm-cnI
{]I-S-\-sa--Xnepw D]-cn-bmbn hfsc kmh-[m-\-n-ep Hcp
{]{Inb Bbn-cpp Abm-tfmSpw Abm sNbvXXnt\mSpw D
Fs a. am\-ko-Ihpw Bo-Ihpw Bb Fs Ah sa-
am-bn. F\nv Hcp ]pXnb Poh\pw Dt-jhpw bYm kuJyhpw
e`y-am-bn.
A[n-I\m Ign-bp--Xn-\p-aps Fs Cfb ktlm-Z-c
Um\n (Danny) Fs t^mWn hnfnp Hcp ktiw \In
""tPjvT-t\mSp ]d-hm F\nv Hcp \yqkv Dv. Am-bs\ D]-{Z-
hn a\p-jy acn-p InS-p--Xmbn ImW-sp''. Rm adp-]Sn
]d-p, ""Um\n, Cu \yqkn F\nv bmsXmcp hnIm-chpw A\p-
`-h-s-Sp-n-. Abm-fpsS IpSpw-_s Hmv F\nv ZpxJw
Dv. F\nv Abm-tfmSp bmsXmcp hntZz-jhpw C. Rm Fs
PohnX ]mX-bn {Inbm--I-ambpw krjvSn-]-c-ambpw apt-dp-p.''
an-pI Fm shdp-pI F-Xn\v FXn-cmb Xocp-am\w
FSpv AXn \nc-cw apt-dpI Fs{X snsbpw ap
]ecpsSbpw PohnXw shfn-hm-p--Xv. hntZzjw sshcmKyw Ch-
sImv \mw Hpw Xs t\Sp-n-. ""an-pI ad-pI'' (''for-
give and forget'') F ]g-samgn ]e-tmgpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-a-. ad-pI
FXv bmYmy t_m[-n\v \nc-m--Xm-Wv. sNdp--n
sXmb coXn-bn e`y-amb apdn-hp-I Fs\ ad-p-hm km[y-
amIpw? Hcp hosN-bdn PohnXw \bn-p Hcmv X\nv
Hcn-epw \S-p-hm km[y-a F hkvXpX Fns\ ad-p-
hm km[y-amIpw? thZ-\bvpw apdn-hp-Ip Imc-W-`q-X-\m-b-
hs\ t\cn-tS Imcy-aptm? ssewKn-Im-{I-a-Ws XpSp
hntZz-j---en A-s\-bp Bsf ImWm-Xn-cn-p-I-bmWv
DNn-X-ambpXv. Fm Nne-cpsS Imcy-n D]-{Z-hn--hsc
t\cn-Sp-Xv DNn-X-am-Wv. AXv Pohn-X-n\v ]pXpa \Ip-hm
D]-Im-c-{]-Z-amIpw FXv ASp IY-bn hy-am--s-Sp-p.
10
ssIv F A_pZw
Nmkv hneywkv (Charles Williams)
PohnXw FXv 10% \nv kw`-hn-p-Xpw 90% \n
Xs \nn-p--Xp-amWv. CXv ]d-Xv Fs kvt\lnX\pw
lUvk hmen t]meokv ta[mhn Bbn hnc-an- Nmkv hneywkv
(Charles Williams) Bbn- c p- p. B Unkv { Sn- I v S nse hnZym- ` ymk
{]h-I-cpsS Hcp kt-f-\-n Atlw {]kw-Kn-pIbmbn-
cp-p. Rm\pw At-l-ns hmp-Isf {in-p. XZ-h--c-n
At-ls BZy-ambn Ip ]cn-N-b-s k`w Fs a\-
n Hm hp. AXv Hcp sslkvq Akw-_vfn-bn shv
Bbn-cp-p. Alnw-km-am-n-eqsS kwL-\sf t\cn-SpI
F-Xm-bn-cpp As Nnm-hn-j-bw. Hcp Ip-Ir-Xyn\nc-
bmb Xm Xs D]-{Z-hn FXn-cm-fn-tbmSp F{]-Imcw anp
Fv {]mkw-Kn-I hnh-cn-p. t]meokv ta[mhn Cu hnh-cWw
{ihnv ApX kvX`v[-\m-bn-op. Bb-Xns\ XpSp
At-l-ns aX-]-cn-h-\-s-p-dnv {in-p-I.
Rm Nnn-p, ""Fsmcp ktiw Alnw-km-am-n
IqSn FXnp-Isf t\cnSp-Xn\v Ipn-Isf ]Tn-n-p-I. AXv
Hcp am{nI in-bmbn F\nv A\p-`-h-s-p. Fm Rm
FtmSp Xs ]d-p. ""adp If-bphm bmsXmcp am-hp-
an. AXv kmy-a-. BX-c-n-ep coXn Akm-y-am-Wv. AXv
Fs tIm]n-jvS\ - mpw''. ""Cu am-ioew FXv Fs ]dp
a\-n-em-p-I. F\nv AXp Hpw Xs a\-n-em-Ip-n''.
]noSv B aonw-Kn ]s-Sp Nnet-tcmSv Rm Bh-iy-s-p.
R CXn-s\-p-dnv IqSp-X-embn kwkm-cn-p. B ka-bv
IqSp-X IqSp-X-embn Fs a\-n Hcp kwKXn shfn-sp
hp. Fs kz Pohn-X-n, a Bh-iy-ap--hp AXv
\evImsX a-bpsS Aw a\-n-em-p-hm kmy-a- F
hkvXp-X. Fs Pohn-X-n Rm an-t-p Hcp {]tXyI
_w Dm-bn-cpp Fs amXm-hpam-bn-p _w.
aZym-k-n-bptSXmb Hcp `h-\-n-em-bn-cpp Rm P\np
hf-Xv. Fs amXmhv aZym-k-nbvv ASna Bbn-cp-p Fv
am{X-a tIm]m-Ip-e-bmbn honse ]m{X-fpw apw hen-s-dn-bp-
11
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. Nne-tm Itk-c-Ifpw apw hen-s-dn-v,
""Cu temIw Rm aSpp ChnsS \nv Rm t]mIpp' Fv
]d-bp-Xv Rm Hmp-p. Hcp Znhkw ]nXm-hns At]-
sbbpw Atlw XS--s-Sp-p-Xpw hI-sh-bvmsX A
]pd-sp t]mbn. ]nXm-hn\p Asb ]nSnp \np-hm km[n-
n-. cp Znhkw Ignnpw A Pohn-n-cn-ptm acn-pthm
Fp t]mepw Rv Adn-bp-hm ]mSnmbncp-p.
buh-\-n-tev {]th-in--tm Rm tIm]m-Ip-e-\m-Ip-am-
bn-cp-p. Fs A-tbmSv F\nv AXy-[nIw tIm]ap-m-bn-
cpp. B tIm]-n Rm ktm-jn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. A-
tbmSv an-t--XmWv Fv Rm a\-n-em-nb-Xn\p tijw
AXv \nhn-p-hm \o Ap-hjw FSpp F-XmWv
bmYmyw. Fm Ah-km\w Rm ]qW-ambn an-p.
AXv Hcp sNmmgvN Bbn-cp-p. Fs kz e-amb temv
sFeUntev Rm Imtdm-Sn-p-t]m-bn. A-bpsS ASp-p
Hcp e-v \ - nv shdpw ]Xn-\
- p-an-\nv amdn-bp Hcp ep
\nv Rm Abvp t^m sNbvXp. F\nv adp-]Sn e`n-Xv
{]Xyp-cw \Ip D]-I-c-W-n \nv Bbn-cp-p. (Answer-
ing machine). Rm Xncnp t]mIp-hm Hcp-s-p. Fs ISa
\n-ln--sp Fp Rm Hcp \nanjw Nnn-p. Fm
AhnsS \np-hm Fs a\v Bh-iy-s-p. AXns\ XpSv
Rm Hcp ktiw Abvv \In. A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX
A Xncnp hnfn-p.
Fs IY Npcpn ]d-bmw. Rm `h-\-n-tev Ib-dn-sp
A-bpsS kao]w Ccp-p, Fs _mey-Imew A-l-\o-b-am-
o-o A--tbmSp ]q-ambn an-p. Hcp kwKXn F\nv
shfn-s-Sp-mw. an-pI FXv A{X Ffp--ap Hm-bn-cp-
n-. Fm, Fs a\--p-I-fn `oI-c-X-bpsS kzcq]w
krjvSn Cu kv{Xo hfsc thKn kl-Xm]w Aln-p
Hcp cq]-ambn AhnsS InS-p-p. A HmIvkn-P apJw-aqSn
[cnncp-p. ac-Wm-k--bmbn-cp-p. F\nv Hcn-epw Cm-Xn-
cp amXm-hmbn B kv{Xo B ka-bp amdn.
12
ssIv F A_pZw
A-tbmSp an-pI FXv Ffp--am-bn-cp-n-. Rm
Asb AXn-I-Tn-\-ambn shdp-n-cp-p. Hcp hyn F \ne-
bn AXv Fs Ae-n. R-fpsS hnhml _-n\v AXv
De- n Dmn. Hcp \- ] n- X m- h m- b n- c n- p- - X n\v F\nv
sshjayw t\cnp. kI-e-sbpw If--s-Sp-p--Xm-bn-cpp
Fn AS-n-bn-cp cu{Zw.
A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX hney-ans amXm-hn\v Xe-tm-dn apg
(Brain Tumor) Dv Fv nco-I-cn-p. AtXm-sSmw izmk-tIm-i-
n Imkdpw Dm-bn-cp-p. Ah-cpsS a\-n Hcp an-
Snw \S-p. Xs ]p{X-\p-ambp _-ns hos-Spv Bbn-
cpv Pohn-Xm-y-nse a]n-Sp-w.
""F\nv Fmw icn-bm-Ww'' A FtmSp ]d-p. ""Rm
A-tbmSp ]q-ambpw an-n-cn-pp''. Rm adp-]-Sn-bmbn
]d-p. A tdUn-tb-j\p thn t]mbn. Ipsd Znhkw Ignv
Fs ktlm-Zc - n-bpsS Hcp t^m ktiw F\nv e`n-p. ""thKw
hcpI A-bpsS nXn hj-fm-Ipp''. Rm DS Xs hnam-
\-n Snv FSpv Asb ImWp-hm-\mbn hp. Bip-]-
{Xnbn A InS-n-cp apdn-bn-tev ISp sN-tm Xncn-
-dn-bm ]mSn-m hn[w A amdn-tm-bn-cpp. bYm-n
Ah asmcp cq]-ambn tXmn. ]p-I apgph-\mbn \jvS-s-n-
cp-p. apSn-]-Ip-Xnbpw sImgnp t]mbn-cp-p. AXnepw D]-cn-
bmbn ImgvN \jvS-sv Abpw Bbn-oncp-p. kwkmc
inbpw tIhnbpw Ipd- Hc-h-.
Rm A-bpsS kao]w sNp ]d-p. ""At Rm ]qW-
ambpw an-n-cn-p-p. Rm Asb AXn-bmbn kvt\ln-
pp''. AXv {ihn A a-kvanXw XqIn. AXn\v tijw temv
sFeUnse (Long Island) {]tXyI kw`m-jW ssien D]-tbm-
Knv Rm ]dp ""A-bpsS ]pXnb tIim-e-mcw (Hair style)
Rm CjvS-s-Sp-p.'' AXn\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn Abpw Xami cq]-
n-ep kwkmcw FtmSv XpSp.
AXns\ XpSv Rm A-bpsS ASpv Ccp-p. Rm
Asb Fp am{Xw kvt\ln-pp Fv hfsc im-amb
13
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? ssIv F A_pZw
coXn-bn A-tbmSp ]d-p. CXv Hcp ]s Asb ImWp tImam (Ann Coleman) F kv{XobpsS A\p-`hw. Ah-cpsS
Ah-km\ ka-b-am-bn-cn-pw. Hcp ka-bv Asb hntZz-jn--Xn- hmp-I-fn ""1985 Hcp Znhkw temkv BRvP-ekn (Los
\m IqSp-X-embn Rm Asb B kabw kvt\ln-p. ]e- Angeles) D Fs ktlm-Zc ]p{Xn-bpsS t^m ktiw F\nv
tmgpw CXp a\-n-em-p-hm hnj-a-am-Wv kvt\lhpw hntZz- e`np. "B, {^mknkns\ (Frances) Btcm shSn-sh-p. Ah
jhpw thXn-cn-p Hcp tcJ Dv F hkvXp-X. acnp t]mbn.' CXv {ihn DS Rm Ae-dn--c-p. DS
B ka-b-am-b-tm Rm Ic-bp-hm XpS-n. Hcp amXm-hns\ Xs Hcp hnam-\n Rm Imen-t^mWn-bmbvv bm{X
\jvS-s-Sp ]p{Xs ZpxJ-tmSp IqSn-bp tcmZ\w Fn sNbvXp. Bsc-sb-nepw Rm sImpw F Nn B kabw
\nv ]pd-s-p. \n-e-X-tbmsS InS-n-cp A B kabw Fn hp-sIm-n-cp-p. Fs ssIhiw Hcp Bbp-[hpw
Xs ssII Dbn Fs ssII-fn shv Fs aqp {^mkokns\ sIm B Fs apnepw Dm-bn-cp-p-sh-
{]mhiyw Xtem-Sn. ac-W-n\v 24 aWn-q apv Fs A n Hcp ]s B IrXyw Rm \nh-ln-p-am-bn-cp-p.
F\nv kmz\w \In. hnam-\n \nv Cd-nb Ah-kcw Fn Fs ]p{X
Fs A-sb-p-dnv Hmp-hm Rm Xmev]-cy-s-Sp- Cu Um\n-tbens\ (Daniel) F{]-Imcw t\cnSpw F Nn \ndn-
A\p-`hw CXmWv. ]s HmpI. t\cs Xs a-bpsS cpp. Um\n-tb lmhm-bn \nv temkv BP-eo-kn-tev
]d-p. kPmb Um\n-tb ap-h - sc h[n-p-X- n\v {]tXyI
A\p-`-h-n IqSn, XIp Xcn--W-amb _-sf ]p\
]cn-io-e\w e`n-n-cp Hcp ]m-f-m-c B-bn-cp-p.
m]n-p-hm km[nXp apJm-cw am{X-amWv Cu Hcp {]tXyI
A\p-`hw e`y-am-Ip-hm CS-bm-b-Xv. Cu A\p-`-h-n-mbn Rm ]nt-Zn-hkw cmhnse t]meokv tj-\n Fn-b-tm
ssZh-n\v kvtXm{Xw Itc-p-p.'' Rv e`n GI hnhcw Fs- a-I acn-p-t]mbn F-Xm-
bn-cp-p. At\z-jW
- hpw ap Npa-Xe
- I
- fpw t]meo-kn-t-Xm-Wv. \mep
Um\n-tb, {^mknkv, B tImam Znh-k-n-\Iw Ip-hm-fn-Isf Ip-]n-Sn-p-hm km[n-p-n-
(Daniel, Frances and Ann Coleman) Fn ]noSv Hcp Ad-n\v kmy-X-bn-. CXp-t]m-se-bp
ap IY-bn kqNn-n--Xp-t]mse hntZz-jhpw ]Ibpw Pohn-X- Ip-Ir-Xy- hfsc Bb-Xn-\m \mep-Zn-h-k-n IqSp-X
n \ntj-[m--I-amb ssI]v BWv \Ip--Xv. AXv Hcp Hcp IrXy-ns At\z-j-W-n\v Ah kabw \Im-dn-mbn-
\io-I-cW in-bm-Wv. kzbw \io-I-cWw BWv AXp apJm- cp-p.
cw Df-hm-Ip--Xv. Imk-dp Hcp skn \nv ap skp-I- CXv Um\n-tbens\ hf-sc-b-[nIw {]tIm-]n-n-p. t]meokv
fn-tev ]Ip ]nSn-p thK-n \psS lrZ-b-nse Unmvsan\v Xs ktlm-Z-cnbpsS sIme-bm-fn-Isf Ip-]n-
Fm Nn-If - n-tepw Cu Ibv]ns Bmhv ]Sp ]nSnpp. Sn-p--Xn\v Xmev]-cy-an Fv a\-n-em-b-tm Um\n-tb
`bw Ak hep-Xm-pXp t]msetbm `mcw lrZ-b-ns Ip]n-X-\mbn. Hcp henb {S sImv kI-e-scbpw Dgp-Xp-a-dn--
\ne hj-fm-p--Xp-t]m-se-tbm, imco-cn-I-ambpw sshIm-cn-I- W-sa Nnb-bmWv Abm-fpsS a\-n IpSn-sIm--Xv.
ambp Cu Ibv]v Akz--X-I kqNn-n-p-p. icn-bmb coXn- R Fn-s\-bmWv t\cn-Sp-hm t]mIp-Xv F-Xn\v
bn CXns\ t\cn-Sp-n-. Fn Cu ssIv amc-I-hp-am-Wv. th ap- d n- b n- p- I Ah Rv \In- b n- c p- n- .
I^q-jn-bkv \Ip Hcp ssN\okv iIew C{]-Im-c-am-Wv. {^mknkns Im R hos-Sp-p. Imdn Ah-fpsS c-
""{]Xn-Im-c-n\v Hcp-p--h cp ih-pgn tXmWw''. -d-I ]pc-n-cp-p. B Imdn-em-bn-cpp Ah-fpsS Ayw. Ah-
CXmWv bYm-n F\nv ]cn-N-b-ap-m-bn-cp B fpsS c-[-a-\n-bn IqSn _p-p-I ]mp. Ah-fpsS lrZ-b-
14 15
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? ssIv F A_pZw
nepw izmk-tIm-i-nepw _p-p-I Dm-bn-cp-p. cw
izmk-tIm-i-n IbdnbmWv Ah ac-W-a-S-Xv. Rmb-dmgvN
cmhn-se-bmWv Ah ac-W-a-S-Xv. sNmmgvN D-I-gnv Ah-
fpsS Im R FSpp. AXn \np ZpKw Um\n-
tbens (Daniel) a\-n \ndp \np. Ghpw `bm-\-I-c-amb
coXn-bn {]Xn-Imcw sNWsav Um\n-tb (Daniel) B{K-ln-
p. Bsc-nepw CXp-ambn _-s Fs-nepw sNp-sav
Ah {]Xymi {]I-Sn-n-p. GsX-nepw Xc-n-ep \oXn Xs
ktlm-Z-cnbvv e`n--W-sapw Ah B{K-ln-p.
GI-tZiw cc hjmew Um\n-tb Db-c-n \nv
Ip-s\-bp ]md-bpsS Xmtgv F-t]mse Kan-p-Xv Rm
Ip. Ah-km\w Xs ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS ih-p-gnv kao]w
Xs Um\n-tbens\bpw ih-p-gn-bn-tev Cd-n. As\
Um\n-tb {]Xn-Imcw sNbvXp. {]Xn-Im-c-ns \ntj-[I in
hf-sc-bm-Wv. Hcp-hs Bm-hn-s\bpw a\-n-s\bpw ico-cs
- bpw
AXv \in-n-pw.

16
an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI

A[ymbw 2

AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI
""ISen\sc tIm]-ns adp-h-iv
{]Xym-im-]qw Imn-cn-pI
asmcp Ic-bn Fm-sa
Da hnizm-k-n Pohn-pI
kuJy-Zm-b-I--fmb AXn
ib--fnepw kuJy-nepw hniz-kn-p-I.''
SEAMUS HEANEY
tKmU hnk (Gordon wilson)
1987 tKmU hnk hSs sFeUn Xs aI-
fpsS ssIbvv ]nSnv kam-[m-\-]-c-amb Hcp Hm {]m\m
kt-f-\-n ]p-sIm-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. B ka-bv `oI-c-{]-
h-I-cpsS Hcp t_mw_p s]mn, Ah AXns ASnbnembn.
AXns ^e-ambn aI amdn (Marie) bpw thsd H]Xp t]cpw
acn-p-t]m-bn. Adp-]n aqp t] tlmkv]n-e
- ns\ A`bw {]m]n-
t-nbpw hp.
tKmU {]Xn-Im-c-n\v apXnn-. ITn\amb hmp-I
{]tbm-Kn-mepw aIsf Xncnv e`y-am-Ip-Itbm s_t^mn
kam-[m\w ssIh-cn-p-Itbm sNpI Am-yw Fv At-l-
n\v a\-n-em-bn. t_mw_n-n\v tijw Ipsd aWn-q-dp-I
Ignv Atlw BBC tbmSp ]dp: ""F\nv Fs aI \jvS-
ambn. B \jvSt_m[w R-fpsS lrZ-b-n \ne-\np-p.
]s F\nv BtcmSpw ]I-bn-, hntZz-j-an-. Ah-bvsmpw
Xs Fs aIsf Xncnp \Ip-hm kmy-a-. CXns
Atam Dt-itam FtmSp tNmZn--cp-Xv. F\nv AXn-
s\mpw Dcw \Ip-hm kmy-a-. CXn-s-sbmw ]m-
17
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
-e-n ssZhn-tIm-t-i--fpv Fv Rm hniz-kn-p-p.
B hn[-n Nnn-p-n Fn Hcp ]s Rm B-l-
Xybvv hnt[-b-\m-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. CXv Ghpw henb Hcp ]-Xn-
bpsS `mK-am-bn-cp-n-cn-mw. GXm-bmepw R Hcp-anv hopw
Iqn-t-s-Spw.''
Xs aI-fpsS ac-W - n\v thZ-im-kv{X-]c - a
- mb Hcp {]Xn-IcWw
\Ip-hm Xm Dt-in-n-cp-n Fv tKmU ]noSv hni-
Zo-Ic - n-p. Xs lrZ-b- ns Bg-n h NnI ]pd-tp
sImp-h-cn-I-am-{X-amWv Xm sNbvX-Xv. t_mw_nv Ign-p
Znh-k--fnepw BgvN-I-fnepw Xm Dcn hN-\--\p-k-cnv
Pohn-p-hm tKmU ]cn-{i-an-p. AXv Ffp--ambncpn.
Fm At-l-n\v apdp-sI-]n-Sn-p-hm Ftm Dm-bn-cp-p.
A-Im-c - n-sbpw k-S- n-tXp-amb aWn-q-dp-If - n apdpsI
]nSn-p-hm-\p-m-bn-cp-Xv ssZh-hn-izmkw am{X-am-bn-cp-p.
Xs aI-fpsS Poh A]-l-cn--h Adn-hn-m ZpjvS-m
BWv Fv At-l-n\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Ah hnNm-cW
sN-sv inn--s-St-sbv Atlw Nnn-p. Fm {]Xn-
Im-c-np thnbp B{Klw Atlw {]I-Sn-n-n-.
""Cu {]hrn sNbvX-h Xo-bmbpw ssZh-k-n-[n-bn
ssZh \oXnp apn \nt--h-cm-Wv. Fs a-sb-m
D]-cn-bmb Hm-W-Xv. `oI-c-{]-h-I hgn-bn \ntem`w hnf-
bm-Sp-Xv A\p-Iq-en-p-hm km[y-a-. Ah Cu temI-n-t-
Xm- b p \oXn- \ ym- b - t Im- S - X n- I - f m inn- - s - mepw C
Fnepw, am\p-jnI Xe-n Rm an-p-hm Xm-dm-Ipw.
Fm Ah-km\ hmv ssZh-n-t-Xm-Wv.''
tKmUs Cu \ne-]mSv sXn-m-cW - I
- pw ]cn-lm-k
CS-bm-n. Fm tKmUs an-p-hm-\p Xocp-am\w Cmbn-
cpp Fn Xs aI aSn hcn-I-bn- FXv AwKo-I-cn-p-
hm Am-y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. am{X-a, PohnXw aptmv Kan-p-
-Xn\v AXv hnep XSnbpw BIp-am-bn-cp-p. bpn-]-c-amb
Pohn-X-nepw D]-cn-bmbn At-l-ns a-bn IqSn hn]p-e-
amb ^e- kaq-l-n Dmbn. Xmm-en-I-ambmsW-
18
AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI
nepw, ]I-bp-sSbpw AXns\ XpSp \c-l-Xy-I-fp-sSbpw
kw`h ]c--c-I-fpsSbpw Bb N{In\v AXv Adp-Xn-h-cp-n.
tKmUs ss[cyw a\-n-em-nb t{]m- v ]mesadn
hn`mKw GsX-nepw Xc-n-ep {]Xn-Im-c-n-\p-Xn-cmsX B
{]iv\w kam-[m-\-]-c-ambn Xop-hm {ianp.
]ncn tXmakv (Piri Thomas)
tKmU hnks s]p an- p- h m- \ p kz`mh
sshinjvSyw A`n-\--\mlamWv. Fm Akm-[m-c-W-hp-am-Wv.
]s CXv hfsc Npcpw kml-N-cy--fn am{Xw ImWp
Hm-Wv. \n ]epw a FXv thK-n e`n-p
H-. (Down These Mean Streets) "hr-n-lo-\-amb tNcn-I-fneqsS'
F ]pkvX-I-ns Fgp-p-Im-c-\mb ]ncn tXmakns (Piri
Thomas) A\p-`hw CXv hy-am-p-p.
an-p-Ibpw ad-p-Ibpw sNpI ("Forgive and forget') F
hmIyw {ihn-p ka-bv \mev]-Xp-I-fnepw A-Xp-I-fnepw
\yqtbmv \K-c-nse tNcn-I-fnse Pohn-X-amWv Hmbn hcp-
-Xv. A{Iaw FXv Apw Cpw Ahn-Sps {][m\ PohnX
ssien-bm-Wv. a-bm-Nn-p-tm AXv \Ip-hm hnk-n-p-
Xv AhnsS \nc-h[n {]mhiyw Rm {inn-p-v. Fm
Nne-tm adp-]-Sn-bmb "icn Rm an-n-cn-pp Fnepw
Hcn-epw Cu kw`hw Rm ad-p-I-bn' F coXn-bn-ep
{]Xn-I-c-Whpw ImWp-hm km[n-pw.
B Xc-n-ep hmKvZm\w \In-bn-p \nc-h[n Bfp-I-
fpsS Iq-n Rm\pw Ds-Sp-p. Fs amXm-hmb tUmf-
sdkns (Dolores) acW thf- b n Rm A\p- ` - h n thZ\
Ctmgpw Fs kvac-W-I-fn \ndp \np-p. B ka-bv
- n\pw
F\nv ]Xnt\gp hb-m-bn-cp-p. Fs amXm-hns\ Cu temI-
n Pohnp-hm A\p-h-Zn-msX FSp--Xn\v ssZh-tmSv
F\nv AXn-I-Tn-\-amb tIm]hpw hntZz-jhpw Dm-bn. Icp-X-en-
m B ssZh-tmSp an-p-hm Rm hnk-Xw {]I-Sn-
np. Imem--c-n Rm ssZh-tmSp an-p-sh-nepw A-
bp-sS acWw Fs lrZ-b-n krjvSn thZ\ Hcn-epw
F\nv ad-p-hm kmy-a-.
19
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
F\nv Ccp-]-n-cp hb-m-b-tm ap aqp-t]-cpsS IqsS
Rm\pw Bbp-[- D]-tbm-Kn-p Hcp Ih kwL-ns
AwK-am-bn-op. Ih-I-fpsS Hcp ]c--c-bpsS Ah-km\
thfbn Hcp t]meokv kwLs t\cn- S p- I bpw AXn
At\ym\yw shSn-shv \S-bpw sNbvXp. Hcp t]meo-kp-Im-c
Fs shSn-shp ]Icw Rm Atmpw shSn shp. B shSn
t]meo-kp-Im-c\v Gp. ]s Abm acn-n-. Abm-fpsS apdnhv
DWn Abm c {]m]n-p. Abm acn-n-cp-p-sh-n ac-
W--tk-c-bn-en-cpn Fs h[inbvv hn[n-p-am-bn-cp-p.
tlmkv]n--ense XS-hp-Im-cpsS hmUn apdn-hp-I DW-p-
-Xn\v InS-p Ah-kc - n BPtem (Angelo) F t]cp
- ]tcm Hm^o-k-sdbpw s{]mt_-j Hm^o-k-sdbpw Rm ImtW-
Ih kwL-nse Fs kvt\ln-X F\n-bvs-Xnsc kmn
]d-p. As\ tIkv F\n-bvs-Xn-cmbn Xncnp. BPtem
F\nv Hcp ktlm-Z-c-s\-tmse Bbn-cp-p. R cp-t]cpw
104 mw kv{Sonse Htc tmn Xma-knp hf-h-cm-bn-cp-p.
kzw A-bvp-t]mepw a\-n-em-Im hn[-n Abmsf
ASnp icn-s-Sppw Fv t]meo-kp-Im BPtemsb (Angelo)
`oj-Wn-s-Sp-n. ]nSn-p-\nm-hp--S-tmfw \n-Xn-\p-tijw
BPtem Ip-Ir-Xy--fpsS ]gn Fn Nmcn. tlmkv]n--en
\nv hnSp-X Inn-b-tm am{X-amWv F\nv hcm-\n-cn-p--Xn-
s\-p-dnv Rm a\-n-em-n-b-Xv.
Npcpn ]d-bp-I-bm-sW-n, F\nv ]Xn-\-p-hjw hsc
\op-\np ITn\ XS-hn-\p in e`n-p. knv knv,
tImdkv tdmv Fo cp XS-hd-I-fn-embn Rm in A\p-
`hnp.
BPtembpsS IrXyw Fs tIm]m-Ip-e-\m-n-op.
Fs skn InS-p-tm cm{Xn-Im-e--fn Ah-t\mSp ]Icw
hop--Xn-s\-p-dnp Rm Nnn-p. Ahs\ F-s\-bmWv
sImt-Xv, sImp-hm km[n-p-n Fn GXp-hn[w
Ahs\ hI-h-cp-Ww F-Xn-s\-p-dnv Rm Xe-]p-Iv
Btem- N n- p. As- n Ahs\ ITn- \ - a mbn D]- { Z- h nv
Zb- p- t hn bmNn- p ]cp- h - n- e m- - W - s av Nnn- p.
20
AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI
BPtembpw Rm\pw sXcp-hnse Pohn-X-n ktlm-Z-c-cm-bn-
cp-p. Pbn-en InSv Ahs\ shdp-p--Xn\p ka-ambn sXcphp
Pohn-X-n Rm Ahs\ kvt\ln-n-cp-p. Cu shdp-ns
ASn-m-\-n ITn-\-amb in \In ]Icw ho-W-sa--Xm-
bn-cpp Fs Nn. Cu \io-I-c-W-Nn--Iv FXn-cmbn hj-
-fmbn Fs a\-n Hcp bpw \S-p. B Nn-I-fn \nv
hnSp-X e`n-p--Xn\p thn Rm Bm-ambn {]mn-
p. ]e-tmgpw BPtemkn (Angelos) s\p-dn-p Fs Nn-
I Cm-sX-bn-cnpw ]s hnNm-cn-m-Xn-cn-p kabw Ah
IS-p-hc - pw. 1957 Rm Pbn hntam-Nn-X\ - mbn. Fm BgvNbpw
n-bn-cp-p. Ftm-sg-nepw sXcp-ho-Yn-I-fn \S-p-tm
BPtemsb Ip-ap-ptam Fv Rm `bp. BPtemsb
Im Rm Ahs\ F{]-Imcw t\cnSpw FXv F\nv Nnn-
p-hm kmy-a-mbn-cp-n. Ah Fhn-sS-bmWv Fv Rm
At\z-jn-n-. Ahs\ Ip-ap--cp-sX-mbncpp Fs CwKn-Xw.
118- m-aXv kv{Son-ep Hcp sNdnb tZhm-e-b-n Rm Bcm-
[-\bvv ]s-Spp hp. Fs a\-ns `mc-sf AI-p-hm
CXv Fs klm-bn-p. BPtemsbp-dnv Nne-tm-sgms
Nnn-p-Ibpw B kabw Ah-s\-p-dn-p hntZzjw DW-
s-Sp-Ibpw sNpw. Fnepw Ahs\ t\cn-SmsX B hnIm-c-sf
AXn-Po-hn-p coXn-bn {Inbm--Ihpw D-ahpw Bb ]e
{]h-\--fnepw Gs-Sp-hm ssZhw Fs klm-bn-p. Pbn-
en InSv Fgp-Xp-hm XpS-nb ]pkvXIw ]qn-bm-p-hm\pw
AXp-t]mse s\en (Nelin) F kv{Xobp-ambn ]cn-Nb - s
- -Sp-hm\pw
kvt\l-_--n-tes-Sp-hm\pw AXn IqSn PohnX ktm-
j- A\p-`h - n-m\pw CS-bm-bn. Ime-{I-taW B-tem-kns\p-
dn-p Nn-I Fs a\-n \nv amp t]mbn-cpp.
Hcp kmbw Imew Rm\pw s\en\pw IqSn aqmw Ah-\yq-hn
(3rd Avenue) IqSn \S-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp B`-
cWS-I-fn {]Zin--s-n-cp hnhml tamXn-c--fp-sSbpw
apw hne Xmc-X-ay-s-Sp-p--Xn-em-bn-cpp R-fpsS {i. Hcp
B`-c-W--S-bn \nv asm-n-tev t]mb ka-bv Btcm
21
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Hcm Fs t]cp-hn-fn-p-Xv Rm tIp. "Hbv ]ncn' (Piri) B
i_vZw kwi-b-sat\y BtembptS-XmWv Fv Rm a\-n-
em-n. Rm Xncnp \np. Hcp ka-bp sNdp--am-bn-cp
Ahs apJw Npfn-hp-Ifpw hc-Ifpw sImp-\n-d-n-cp-p. `mc-
fpw thZ-\-Ifpw Ahs apJv hy-am-bn-cp-p. ZoL \mfp-
I Fs lrZ-b-n-ep-m-bn-cp hntZz-j-n-sbpw tIm]-n-
sbpw hnImcw DWp Fnepw Ahsb Rm BIpw hn[w
\nb-{-W-hn-t[-b-am-n. BPtembvp ]dbp-hm-\pXv {i-
tbmsS tIp-hm Rm Xm-dmbn.
Cu kabw s\en Fs ssII-fn ]nSnp henv Cu a\p-
jy Rm kqNn-n-n-p Btem Xs-bmtWm Fw
hc- hn[-n t\mn-b-Xn-\p-tijw AS-nb kzc-n
Fs D]-tZ-in-p. ""]ncn (Piri) \ Xn Cu hnj-b-s-p-
dnv, a-sb-p-dnv kwkm-cn-Xv ad--cp-Xv.''
Rm Xe Ipep-n-b-Xn-\p-tijw BPtemsb t\mn. `bw
sImv hnd-n-cp BPtem hmp-I ]pd-tv sImp-h-
cp-hm `b-cambn {]bXv\np. hfsc ]Xn kzc-n Abm
kwkm-cn-p.
""]ncn, (Piri) -Fs kvt\ln--h-sc-sbmw Rm thZ-\n-n-p.
\obpw AXn Ds-Sp-p. t]meokv tj-\n Ah AXn-
ITn-\-ambn Fs Xn--X-p. F\nv AXv hfsc hnj-a-am-bn.
ktlm-Zcm \o FtmSp an-ptam?''
Rm Ahs\ Xpdnp t\mn. "ktlm-Zcm' Fv Fns\
Fs A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNp-hm Ah\v km[npw Fv Rm
Nnn-p. Fm "ktlm-Zcm' Fv Ah Fs hnfn--Xn
F\nv hfsc ktmjw tXmn. Fm Rm Ahs\ hopw
Xpdnv t\mn-sm-n-cp-p. s\en Fs ssII-fn Aanb-
tm am{X-amWv Fs hmbn \nv hmp-I DXnv hoWXv.
AtXm-sSmw Fs lrZ-b-n \nv hen-tbmcp `mcw \on
Fs Bmhv kzX-{-am-bn.
""Xo-bmbpw "ktlm-Zcm' Rm \ntmSp an-n-cn-p-p.
Gh-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-n XIp -t]m-Ip-, Hcp ka-b-ap-v.
22
AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI
AXv Fs Pohn-X-nepw Dm-bn. Fm ssZh-\m-a-n
Rm ]d-bp-p. Rm \ntmSp ]cn-]qW-ambn an-n-cn-pp
Fp am{X-a Ign Ime-kw-`-h-sf Rm ad-p-I-f-Ibpw
sNbvXn-cn-p-p.''
R-fpsS cp-t]m-cp-sSbpw Ip-I-fn \nv Ip-\o [mc-
[m-c-bmbn Hgp-In.
]ncn, (Piri) \n. \n\-s-Xn-cmbn ]d--Xn-s\-p-dn-p lrZ-
b-`m-chpw Bbn hj--fmbn Rm Pohn-p. hopw CXv kw`-
hn-p-Ib- m-sW-n, Ah Fs ASnp sImmepw CXp-t]mse
]d-hm Rm Xp\n-bp-Ib - n-. \o an-p-Ibpw ad-p-Ibpw sNbvX-
Xn\v \n.''
BPtem Xs ssII kmh- [ m\w Dbn Fnv
]Xps ]pd-tImp hen-bvp-hm XpS-n. Rm he-p-ssI-
I sImv Ahs ssII-fn apdpsI ]nSnp lkvX-Zm\w
sNbvXp. BPtem Fs ssII-fn apdpsI ]nSn-p. sNdp-Xmbn
R At\ym\yw Bt-jn-p sIn-p-Wp. AXn-\p-tijw
Hcp sNdp-]p-n-cn-tbmsS s\ens\bpw Fsbpw hWn ""hopw
ImWmw'' Fv ]dp kmh-[m\w \S--I-p. s\ens (Nelin)
tXmfp-If - n Rm ssIshp. s\en Xs ssII-fm Fsbpw
hebw sNbvXp. BPtem hgn-bpsS hf-hp-Xn-cnv A{]-Xy--
am-Ip-Xv R cp-t]cpw t\mn-\n-p. s\en Xm FhnsS-
sbm-shv FtmSp ]d-Xv Bk-a-bv Fs a\-n Xnn-
\n-p. ""sXp-I hcpI FXp am\p-jo-I-amW.v Fn an-
pI FXv ssZho-I-am-Wv.''
an-pI FXv Xo-bmbpw sshj-ay-ta-dn-b-Xm-Wv. Fs
]nXmhv km[m-cW ]d-bm-dp-m-bn-cp Hcp ssien Hm hcpp.
""Hcp kwKXn ]Tn-p-tm AXv hnj-aI - c
- a
- mbn tXmpw. Fm
]Tnp Ign-bp-tmtgm AXns sshjyaw Cm-sX-bmIpw''.
"a'sb kw_-npw CXv hfsc icn-bm-Wv. BPtem F
Fs sXcphp ktlm-Z-c-t\mSp Rm ]qW-ambn anp Fp
am{X-a Rm Fs Dn sImp-\-S ]I-bp-sSbpw hntZz-
j-n-sbpw Bm-hns\ Cm-sX-bmn FtmSp Xs an-
p-hm\pw Rm ]Tn-p. Fs lrZ-b-n {]`mX kqcy DZnp
23
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
hcp--Xmbn A\p-`-h-s-p. s\ens ssIbvp ]nSnp sImv
sNdp-]p-n-cn-tbmSpw ktm-j-tmSpw kam-[m-\-tm-Sp-IqSn
R ASp B`-c-W--S-bn-tev R \S-p. hntZz-j-
nsbpw ]I-bp-sSbpw Bb `mc-n \nv Fs lrZ-b - nse
kvt\lw hnSp-X {]m]n-p.
BPtem asmcp \K-c-n-tev amdn Xma-kn--Xn-\m Rm
]noSv Hcn-epw Ahs\ In-. Ipsd hj-p tijw
Ahs\ Btcm h[n-p F hm Rm ZpxJ-tmsS {inp.
ISw-Xn-cn-S- b
- vm km[n-msX h-Xn-\m AanX ]eni CuSm-
n-bn-cp am^nbm Xe-h BWv Ahs\ Ipe-s-Sp-n-b-Xv.
BPtemtbmSv an-p-hm km[n--Xn F\nbvv hf-sc-
b-[nIw ktmjw Dv. an-p-hm km[n-m Hcp a\pw
Bmhpw BWv Ghpw `oI-c-amb XShv Fv Rm Fs
Pohn-Xm-\p-`-h--fn IqSn ]Tn-p-hm CS-bmbn.
a-bpsS Bhiyw a\-kn-em-bmepw AXn\v kmy-a F
coXnbn \mw ]co-n--s-Sp-p. AXv ITn-\-am-Wv, sshj-ay-ap-
-XmWv; AXv hnip-v thn am{X-apXmWv km[m-c-W-
m-cmb \app thn-bp--X F coXn-bn \mw Nnn-pw.
\mw D]-{Z-hn--s-v, thZ-\n-p- kabw B thZ-\-bn \psS
a\v tI{o-Ir-Xa - m-Ip-p. B thZ-\b
- n-tev aphcpsS {isb
BIjn-p-hm\pw Hcp-]s \mw {ian-t-mw.
tKmUsbpw ]ncn-bp-sSbpw IY-I-fn \nv shfn-s-Sp
{it-b-amb hkvXpX \nan-j-t\cw sImv Ah an-p-hm-
\n-bnp F-Xm-Wv. Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-ns A`m-K--fn
\nmWv B a ]pd-s--Xv. B kabw hfsc {]m[m\yaln-
pp. B kabw a-bvp-thn D]-tbm-Kn-msX ]nsm-c-h-
k-c-ntev amn-sh-n-cp-p-sh-n B Ah-kcw Ahv
]noSv e`np Fv hcn-I-bn-mbn-cp-p. Ghpw Cu thK-X-
bn an-p-hm km[np Fv hcn-I-bn. Fm an-p-
hm-\p Ignhv Cm-sX-bm-Ip-sav AXp-sImv A-am-Ip-n
FmWv ASp IY hy-am-p-Xv.
24
AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI
lmjnw Kmc-v (Hashim Garett)
\nd tXmp-ambn, Hcp kwLns IqsS \yqtbmv \K-
c-nse {_qven sXcp-hp-I-fn IqSn lmjnw hne-kn-bn-cp-p.
Fm Cv lmjnw (Hashim) kp{]-kn--\mb Hcp {]mkw-Ko-I-
\m-Wv. cmPyamk-Iew D hnZym-`ymk m]-\-fn {]kw-Kn-
p lmjn-an\v kz-ambn 'Wisdom and Understanding' F t]cn
Hcp Iukn-enwKv m]\w Dv. shdpw ]Xn-\p hbp am{Xw
Dm-bn-cp ka-bs shSn-sh-bv]n ]cp-t lmjnw Ac-ap-
X Xmtgmv Xfm-Wn-cn-p--Xv. \S-pXv hSn-bpsS (crutches)
klm-b-m hfsc hnj-an-p-am-{X-am-Wv. Fm B kw`-h-
s-p-dnv, AYhm B A\p-`-h-s-p-dnv lmjnw Pohn-X-
nse Ghpw \ Hcp Znh-k-am-bmWv hnh-cn-p--Xv. Pohn-
Xspdnp ]pXnbXpw D-ahpw Bb Hcp ImgvN-mSv e`n-p-
hm\pw Pohn-X-n\v ]pXpa \evIp-hm\pw AXv klm-bnp Fv
lmjnw Ah-Im-i-s-Sp-p. B hn[-n-ep Hcp PohnX kao-
]\w a\-n-em-p-hm ]epw hnj-a-am-Wv. Fm lmjn-
an\v hfsc efn-X-amb Hcp Dcw BWv \Ip-hm-\p--Xv. a-
bn ASn-m-\-amn am{X-amWv ]pXp-a-bp PohnXw - \
\nd Pohn-Xw.
""Hcp Ipn-bmbn {_qven\n hf-cp-tm hf-sc-b[ - nIw kabw
Rm sXcp-hp-I-fn Aep \S-p. Fs kvt\ln-Xam
Fm-hcpw Xs Ft-m {]mb-ap--h-cm-bn-cp-p. hnZym-`ym-
ks Ah \-Xmbn Icp-Xn-bn-. A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX
Rm\pw Pohn-X-n sXmb Xocp-am-\- kzoI-cn-p-hm
XpSn. Fm Ah sXmWv Fv B ka-bv F\nv
tXmn-bn-. apXn Iqp-Im-cpsS {]hr-n-I-fn Rm BIr-
jvS-\m-Ibpw Ap-X-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah kvIqfn t]mbn-
cp-n. \nc-h[n s]Ip-n-I kvt\ln-X-cmbn Ah-tcm-sSmw
\S-p-hp. Ahn-jvS-apsXmw Ah sNbvXv Bp
cknp. AsXm-sbpw Rm CjvS-s-p. Ah-tcm-sSmw t]mI-
cpXv Fv A Fs hne--am-bn-cp-p. Fm F\nv
]Xn\p hbv am{Xta Dm-bn-cp-p-q. F\nv A-bpsS
\nt-i- Bh-iy-anmbn-cp-p. Pohn-Xspdnv F\nv
25
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Adn-bmw Fv A-tbmSp kvt\l-tmSp IqSn Rm adp-]Sn
]d-bp-am-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw A-bpsS kZp-]-tZiw Rm ssIsm-
n-.
sXcp-hnse kvt\ln-X-m-cp-am-bp _-n Hcp hgn-n-
cnhp Df-hm-bn. Rm Ah-cp-ambn X--fn Gs-Sp-hm
XpS-n. BZy Ime--fn Ah ]d-bp-Xv Fmw Rm sNp-
am-bn-cp-p. Bsc-sb-nepw ASn-p-hm ]d-m Rm ASnpw.
F\nv Fp-am{Xw a\-c - pv Dv Fv Imp-hm Rm Xmev]-
cy-s-p. AtXm-sSmw tami-ambXpw sXm-b-Xp-amb ]eXpw
Ahv thn sNbvXn-cp-p. Fm Imem--c-n AXn-
s\-m lo\hpw {Iqchpw Bb Imcy- sNp-hm Ah
FtmSv Bh-iy-s-p. Fs-smv AXpsN-p-hm kmy-
a Fv Rm Ah-tcmSp ]d-p. Ah-cpsS D-c-hp-I A\p-
k-cn-msX hcp-tm Ah Xe--Sn-pambn-cp-p. As\
R Xn Dc--ep-I Df-hm-bn-sm-n-cp-p. Nne kvt\ln-
X-cpsS kvt\lw Ah-cpsS Bh-iy- \-fn \nhn--
s-Sp-tm am{Xw \ne-\np--Xm-Wv.
Rm Hcp tXmv sImp \S-p-Xv \-Xm-bn-cnpw Fv
Ah Fs D]-tZ-in-p. Bhiyw hm kzb-c-bvv D]-
tbm-K-{]-Z-amIpw Fpw Ah FtmSp \nt-in-p. 1990 sabv
amkw Ggmw XobXn ]mX-bpsS aqe-bn-ep-m-bn-cp tmdn-tev
R \S-p. B kabw Ftm A]m-IX Dv Fv F\nv
tXmn. s]sv Fs ASpp \S--bm D-n ]dp
(''Look out, Run'') ""HmSn-tm'' Rm HmSn. Xncnp t\mmsX Xs
HmSn. s]sv Xncnp t\mn-b-tm Rm Ahs\ Ip.
Hcp sajoK (Sub machine gun) D]-tbm-Knv Ah XpSsc XpSsc
shSn-bp-Xnp sImn-cp-p. B k-abw Fs ]m vkn IqsS
Ftm ]m-bp--Xp-t]mse tXmn. ]noSv Ftm Fs ]nh-
iv in-bmbn Xn. ]m vkn XS-Xv Imen Hcp _pv
Xd--XmWv Fpw ]nh-is thZ\ asmcp _pv Xd-
XmWv FXpw ]no-SmWv Rm a\-n-em-n-b-Xv.
Rm Xd-bn hoWp. Fgp-tm {ian-nv km[n-n-.
Fs Imep-I-fpsS Ne-\-in \jvS-sXmbn A\p-`-h-s-p.
26
AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI
Rm GI-\mbn AhnsS InS-p. Fs kvt\ln-X-sc-m-hcpw
Ah-cpsS Poh-\p-thn HmSn ad-n-cp-p. Rm Fs Ip-I
AS-p. ac-W-`bw Fs ]nSn-n-cp-p. sajo K hln-n-cp
] Fs shSn-shp sImp-sav Rm `b-p. \nan-j - v
tijw Rm ]Xnsb Ip-Xp-d-p. Bscbpw ImWphm D-m-
bn-cp-n-. Ah\pw AhnsS \nv t]mbn-cp-p.''
ta kqNn-n cp _p-p-Ip ]pdsa ap \mep-_p--p-
I IqSn ljn-ans ta ]Xn-n-cp-p. Fmw IqSn Bdp _p-
p-I ico-c-n-eqsS Xpfp Ib-dn. As\ ]{p apdn-hp-
I ico-c-n Dm-bn.
""BIm-i-tv Xpdnv t\mn cw hmv AhnsS Rm
aep InS-p. ""ssZhta Fs ssIsh-Sn-b-cp-tX. Fs Pohn-
p-hm A\p-h-Zn--Wta'' Fv Rm Icp {]mn-p.
ssZhw Fs \ne-hnfn {in-p Fv Fs lrZ-b - n t_m[yw
hp. Fs hnizmkw B kabw ZrU-am--s-p. B hmp-I
Fs hmbn \nv ]pd-s-t- m temI-n Ftm hyXymkw
h-Xp-t]mse tXmn. Rm ssZh-tm-Sp hmp-I D-cn-
p--Xn\p aps Fs lrZbw `bm-[n-Iy-m `mc-s-n-cp-p.
lrZb kv]\w D-n tIm-am-bn-cp-p. Fm ssZh-
tmSp {]mn--tm kI-eXpw hyXy--am-bn. Fs `b-
Fs hnp-t]m-bn. Fs a\p XnIpw im-ambn Hcp
hnizmkn F \ne-bn CXns ImcWw F\nv Adnbmw.
krjvSnXmhns\ hnfn-p Ah-k-c-n im-Xbpw kam-[m-
\hpw \apv e`y-am-Ipw.
Ipsd Ign--Xn-\p-tijw Btcm Hcp Pmv Fs Xe-bv-Sn-
bn shbvp--Xmbn A\p-`-h-s-p. Fs cp kvt\ln-X
B ka-bv AhnsS \nv Fs amp-hm F{]-Imcw km[npw
FXns\-p-dnv N sNbvXp sImn-cp-p. Fs AhnsS
\nv amp-hm Rm Ah-tcmSv Bh-iy-s-p. Fs Dbp-
hm Ah {ian-p. B kabw Ftm Xmtgp hogp-X - p-t]mse
Hcp i_vZw tIp. Ah DS Xs Fs Xmsg-sh-p. Hcp
]s \s-ns Xmsg-hiw HSn-bp--Xns i_vZ-am-bn-cnpw
tI-Xv. GXm-bmepw Fs Ac apX Xmtgmv Ne-\-c-ln-X-am-bn-
27
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
cp-p. lmjn-ans PohnXw ASp Hcp hjmew apgp-h
\yqtbmv knn tlmkv]nen Bbn-cp-p. B ka-bs - am-sbpw
Xs shSn-sh--hs\ Fs\ hI-h-cpmw Fv lmjnw
Nnnp.
""]Ibpw hntZz-jhpw Fs hngpn. F\nv kpJ-am-Is,
Atm ImWn-p-sIm-Spmw F Nnbpambn Rm AhnsS
InSp''. BcmWv Fs shSn-sh-Xv Fv Adn-bm-sav t]m-
eokv DtZym-K- FtmSp ]d-p. ""Ah-\, Ahs\ hntv''
Fv Rm Ah-tcmSv adp-]-Snbpw \In. Fs shSn-sh--h\v
]Icw \tI-Xv Fs am{Xw Npa-XebmWv Fv Rm hniz-
kn-p. Ah Xs-bmWv Fv t]meo-kp-Im hopw Xd-np
]d-p. Rm ]Icw hom-\p {ia-n-emtWm F kt-l-
n "AXn\p apXn-c-cpXv' Fv Ah Fs D]-tZ-in-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ""\n hnj-an-t-, Fs `mK-p-\nv bmsXmcp
Ipg-hpw Dm-I-bn'' Fv Rm Ahsc kam-iz-kn-n-p.
Znh-k-fpw BgvN-Ifpw IS-p-t]m-Ip-tmdpw Fs Dn
HXp-n-bn-cp tIm]w hnp hp. F\nv Dd-p-hm Ign-
bm-sX-bm-bn. `Ww Ign-p--Xn-\p Fs Xmev]cyw \jvS-
s-p. acp-p-I Ignp-Xn-s\bpw Rm shdp-p. Fs shSn-
sh ]s\ F\nv kuJy-am-bnv sIm-W-sav Nn-bn
Rm Znh-k- Ignp Iqn. F\nv Ahs\ hyn-]-c-ambn
Adn-hm ]mSn-m-bn-cp-p. Fm Ahs\ t\cnv, Fn-\mWv
Fs shSn-sh-Xv Fv tNmZnv a\-n-em-p-hm Rm B{K-
ln-p. Ime-{I-taW Rm ImcWw a\-n-em-n. Fs kvt\-
lnX F\nv sIWn sh-Xm-Wv. Ah-cp-ambn F\nv A`n-{]mb-
hy-Xym-k-ap-m-bn-cp-p. AhcpsS lnX-n\p hn]-co-X-ambn Nnn-
p-Itbm {]hr-n-p-Itbm sNp-tm kvt\ln-X hntcm-[n-
I-fmbn amdp-p. Ah-cpsS lnX-n\v hgn {]hr-n-m am{Xta
kvt\ln-X-cmbn IW-m--s-Sp-I-bp-q.
Imem--c-n Fs Nn-I hyXy--am-Ip-hm XpS-n.
""Rm Ah-t\mSv Fs ]I Xop-I-bm-sW-n ssZhw GXp
hn[-n FtmSv {]Xn-I-cnpw''? ssZhw Fs Hcp {][m\
]mTw ]Tn-npp F Nn Fn-tev hp. B ssZhn-tIm-
28
AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI
tZ-i-s Imcy-ambn ]cn-K-Wn-Wsa Nnbpw Fs a\-n
Df-hm-bn. Cu bphm-hns\ Rm D]-{Z-hn-m IqSp-X `hn-j-p-
I F\nv `hnmw F Nnbpw Fn DWp. Cu
kw`-h-n\v Bdp-amkw apv Rm Hcp _mes\ shSn-shn-
cpp. bmsXmcp Imc-Whpw Cm-sX-bmWv Rm Ahs\ shSn-
sh--Xv. Fs Hcp apXn kvt\ln-X Bh-iy-s--X-\p-k-cn-
mWv Rm AXv sNbvX-Xv. Bdp-amkw Ign thsdmcp _me
ap--h-cpsS Bh-iy-{]-Imcw Fs shSn-sh-p. Cu temI-n
\mw Fp sNbvXmepw, \psS Fm {]hn-Ipw ^ew
DmIpw AXv Xncnv \n-te-p-h-cnIbpw sNpw. Xo-bmbpw
AXv kw`- h npw FtmgmWv F- X p- a m{Xw AYhm kab
hyXymkw am{Xw.
Fs PohnX ]mX-Isf hnh-cn-p-hm hnjaw tXmp-p,
Pohn-X-n BI-am-\-amb \n-lm-b-Xsb Fns\ hn-pw.
]Xn-\p hb-p--tm Ipfn-ap-dn-bn-tev t]mIp-Xp t]mepw
ap--h-cpsS ktlm-b-tmSp IqSn am{Xw FXv Cu \n-lm-
b-X-bpsS Hcp DZm-l-cWw am{Xw. Rm sNbvX A]-cm-[-fpw
Ip-fpw \nc-h[n {]mhiyw Gp ]d-mepw F\nv Fgp-tv
\S-p-hm km[n-ptam? Fs thZ-\I - ]d-d - n-bn-pI Am-
y-am-Wv. imco-cnI thZ-\-I-tf-m D]-cn-bmbn am\-knI thZ-\-
Ifpw am\-koI kwLj-fpw Fs \nc--c-ambn Ae-p-p.
imco-cnI thZ\ am\-kn-Ihpw Bo-bhpw Bb thZ-\-I-fn-te-
p Hcp sImfpp am{X-am-Wv. B-co-I-ambn Rm apdn-th--
Xm-Wv. `qan-bnse \c-I-amWv Rm A\p-`-hn-p--Xv. Btcm-
sSnepw At]-n-p-hmt\m thZ-\-bpsS Cu A\p-`-hs adn-
I-S-p-hmt\m F\nv kmy-a-. Rm sNbvX {]hr-n-IfpsS
^e-am-bp thZ-\-bp-sSbpw apw A\p-`hw Fm-ehpw Fs
th-bm-Spw.
Ah-km\w an-p-hm Rm Xocp-am\w FSp-p. ssZhw
Fs cn--Xn\v Hcp {]tXyI ImcWw Dv Fv Rm hniz-
kn-p. B Znthym-tiw Fs Pohn-X-n IqSn \nhn-tWw
Fv Rm Xocp-am-\n-p. AXv FmWv Fv F\nv a\-n-em-
bn-cp-n Fnepw ssZhw Fs hnfn-p--Xmb Dt_m[w
Fn \op-\n-p. F\nv Xncn-p-t]mbn Bscbpw D]-{Z-hn-
29
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
p-hm km[n-p-I-bn-. B Xc-n-ep PohnX coXn-bn \nv
Rm Cv hyXy-kvX-\m-Wv. ]I-c-n\p ]Icw, In\v ]Icw
Iv F coXn-bn-emWv B Pohn-X-co-Xn.
FXn-cm-fn-Isf shdp-p- kz`mhw amt--XmWv Fv Rm
Xocp-am-\n-p. Cu temI-n \apv \I-s-n-cn-p ka-b-
n\v \mw ssZh-tmSv IS-s-h-cm-Wv. \psS Bmhv Cu
temI-n \nv FSp--s-Sp-tm \psS \ {]hrnI
ZpjvS-{]-hn-Isf AXn-Po-hn--Ww. a FXv \psS lrZ-
b-n Dv Fn \-X - m-Xv \psS Pohn-X- n hmepw
AXv A\p-{K-l-ambn amdmw F hkvXp-Xbpw Rm ]Tn-p.
Fs shSn-sh--h-t\mSp am{X-a Rm an-t-n-bn-cp--
Xv. Fs Cm-Xm-p-hm Ahs\ t{]cn-n--h-tcmSpw Rm an-
t-n-bn-cp-p. AtXm-sSmw Rm FtmSp Xsbpw an-
t-n-bn-cp-p. krjvSn-Xm-hmb ssZh-tmSpw Rm an-t-
n-bn-cp-p. Fsm Rm ssZh-tmSv ""ssZhsa \o Fs
Fp-sImv acn-p-hm A\p-h-Zn-n-? Cu nXn F\nv hcp-
n-bXv Fv? Fv Fs thZ-\-bn Rm tNmZnp.
al-Xz-{]-Im-i-\m t]mse F\nv A\p-`-h-s-p. Rm
tlmkv]n- InS--bn Bbn-cp--tm GtXm Hcm Hv
Fs ASpp hp FtmSp ]d-p. "\o an--Ww. an-n-
m-bn-cpp Fn Hcp ]s \o ChnsS Dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-n-.'
Xo-bmbpw Ctm \nc-h[n e--fn bm{X sNbvXv Ipn-
I-tfmSp kwkm-cn-p ]cn-]mSn Dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-n-. a sImv
A{Ia ]c--cbvv ISn-m-Wn-Sm-sav lmjn-ans IY shfn-
s-Sp-p-p. \yqtbmv {_qven-\nse A{Ia ]c--cbvp
lmjn-ans a XS-bn-p. Cdmv t]mse-bp e--fnepw
CXp-t]m-se-bp abvv hf-sc-b-[nIw kzm[o\w Dm-Ipw.
1998 R- f psS ]gb IpSpw- _ - k - l r- p- - f m- b n- c p
Imtcm InwKv, tUmdnkv InwKv Fn-h (Caroll and Doris King) am\p-
jym-h-Imi Io-js klm-bn-I-fmbn Cdmv kinp. B
kabw Ah _mKvZmZv (Bagdad) JbnZ (Ghaida) F kv{Xosb
Ip-ap-p--Xn-\n-S-bm-bn. Rm In-p--Xn-tepw Ghpw
30
AXn-ib
-
- f- n hniz-kn-pI
IqSpX thZ\ A\p-`-hn-n-p Hcp kv{Xo Bbn-cpp Ah.
Fmepw Ah an-p-hm Xm-dm-bn-cp-p.
JbnZ (GHAIDA)
JbnZ (Ghaida) bvp H]Xp afpm-bn-cp-p. K^v bp-
ns ka-bv Ata-cn- kvamv t_mw_v {]tbm-K-m
B H]Xv afpw sIm-s-p. AtXm-sSmw Bbn-c-n ]cw
Bfp-Ifpw B t_mw_n-n sIm-s-p. AXn IqSp-X t]cpw
kv{XoIfpw Ipn-Ifpw Bbn-cp-p.
{][m-\-s e--fn-semw SqdnpIsf sImp t]mIpI
F-XmWv sJbnZbpsS Cs tPmen. CXns `mK-ambn Ata-
cn--bpsS t_mw_nwKv aqew `oI-c-X-bp-m-p e-fpw
Ah Imn-sImSpp. `mhn-bn-ep-m-Im-am-Ip bp-n\pw
t_mw_n-n\pw FXn-cmb hmNm-e-X-tbmsS Ah kwkm-cn-n-
cp-p.
Jbn-Z-bpsS IqsS-bp bm{Xbvptijw Imtcmfpw tUmdnkpw
Ata-cn--bn sNbvX {Iqc-X-Ipthn, hnti-jm JbnZm-
tbmSpw IpSpw-_-tmSpw sNbvX ]mX-I-n-\p-thn, Ah-tfmSv
amv At]-n-p. cmw bp-Im-ev Hcp Airforce Pilot Bbn bqtdm-
n\v apI-fn ]d Itcmfn\v bp-ns sISp-Xn-I-sf-p-dnv
hy-amb t_myw Dm-bn-cp-p. Imtcmfns ssII ]nSnp
Ipep-n-b-Xn-\p-tijw tUmdnkns\ Bt-jn- JbnZm s]mn-
-c-p sImp ]dp ""Rm an-n-cn-p-p.''
JbnZv Hcn-epw am\p-jnI Xe-n-ep \oXn e`y-am-I-
bn. Fn-s\-bmWv ac-W-a-S H]Xp asf Xncnp \Ip-
hm km[n-p--Xv? B Abvv Hcn-epw Ahsc ad-p-hm
kmy-a-. Fm a At]-n-m Xmev]-cy-ap cp lrZ-
b- sf IsnbXn IqSn Ah bYm kam- [ m\w
Isn. AXns hne Bpw KWn-p-hm kmy-a-.
31
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
A[ymbw 3
hntZz-j-ns N{Iw Dcp-fp-Xv
Cm-sX-bm-pI
"ZpjvSX {]hn-p--hsc \n \nv thXn-cnv Cm-sX-
bm-p-p-sh-n F{X \m-bn-cp-p Fv \mw Nnn-t-mw.
]s \-sbbpw ZpjvS-X-sbbpw thXn-cn-p NcSv \psS
Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw lrZ-b-n IqSn-bmWv IS-p-t]m-IpXv.
lrZ-b-ns Hcp `mKw \jvS-s-Sp-p-hm BcmWv Xmev]-cy-
s-Sp-Xv?' ALEKSANDR SOLZHENITSYN
""R-fpsS IS-m-tcmSv R an-p--Xp-t]mse R-
fpsS Ip--sfbpw ]m]--sfbpw R-tfmSv an-t-Wta''.
sNdp--Imew apX \mw Fm-hcpw sNmp Hcp {]m-\-
bmWv CXv. \apv Ghpw kp]-cn-Nn-X-amb Hcp {]m\
BWv Fnepw AXns icn-bmb A-n-tev \mw {]th-
in-p-pthm? \psS Pohn-X-n AXv \mw {]mtbm-Kn-I-am-p-
pthm? Pohn-n a-bpsS Bh-iy-t_m[w hm am{Xta
\apv ap-h - t- cmSp an-p-hm kmy-amIq FmWv B hmIy-
-fn \nv Rm a\-n-em-p-X - v. Cu Nn thK-n \apv
e`y-am-Ip H-. AXn\v hf-sc-b-[nIw Xmgva Bh-iy-am-Wv.
abv v ASn- m\ LSIw Xmgv a - b mWv F- X n\v cp
Xan.
hnip--a-m-bn-bpsS kphn-ti-j-n BWv Im-hns
]-X-{]-kwKw \I-s-n-cn-p--Xv. ""Xmgva-bp--h `mKy-hm-
m Ah `qansb Ah-Im-i-ampw'' FmWv AhnsS ]d-bp-
Xv. Icp-Wbnm Zmks D]-a-bn IqSn tbip ]d-bpp
\s ap-h - F{]-Imcw Icp-XW - s- av B{K-ln-p-pthm AXp-
t]mse \mapw ap--hsc Icp-X-Ww Fp ]d-bp-p.
hn. ambnbpsS kphn-tijw 18-mw A[ym-bw 21-35 hsc-bp
hmIy--fn Icp-W-bn-m Zmks D]a ImWmw.
32
hntZz-j-ns N{Iw Dcp-fp-Xv Cm-sX-bm-pI
Fs A\p-`h -
- n an-p-hm-\p Ghpw i-amb Dt{]-
cW e`n-p-Xv \psS Pohn-X-n \apv a e`n-p--Xp-
sIm-m-Wv. Cu Dt{]-cW \apv C Fn \mw A]qW-
cmWv \psS Pohn-X-n a e`n-t-n-bn-cn-p-p.
PmdUv (Jared)
t_m\n \np Hcp (Afro - America) Bt{^m Ata-cn-
hnZymn Xs A\p-`-h-s-p-dnv C{]-Imcw hnh-cn-pp.
""F\nv Bdp-hb - p am{Xw {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp-t- m-gmWv h-
s-p-dnpw PmXn-sb-p-dnpw D t_m[w Fn Df-hm-b-Xv.
Rm Fs `h-\ - ns kpc-n-Xa- mb A-co- - n Ignp
IqSn Fm Bdp hbp {]mb-am-b-tm Fs Fs `h-\-
ns kao]w AtX sXcp-hn-ep Hcp kvIqfn tNp. Rm
AhnsS Hcp amkw am{Xw ]Tn-p. B kabw \K-c-ns ]pXnb
\nb-a ]cn-K-Wnv _n bm{X sNbvXv t]mtI asmcp
kvIqfn-tev Fs amn. Fs amXm-]n-Xm-v CXn-t\mSv
A\p-Iq-e-a-m-bn-cp-p. Fs Adn-bp-Ibpw kvt\ln-p-Ibpw
sNp Hcp kvIqfn Rm ]Tn--W-sav Ah B{K-ln-p.
\K-c-n\v shfn-bn Ahv Hcp ^mw Dm-bn-cp-p. Bb-Xn-
\m R Ahn-tSv Xmakw amn. "knhn ssdvkv' {]m-
\-n kPo-h-ambn {]hr-n-n-cp Fs ]nXmhv Fm-h-scbpw
h-hy-Xym-k-an-msX _lp-am-\n-p-hm\pw kvt\ln-m\pw
Fs ]Tn-n-n-cp-p. h hnth-N-\-n\v Iogvs]-SmsX h-
nepw D]-cn-bmbn Nnn-p-hm\pw ImgvN-m-Sp-I kzoI-cn-m\pw
Ah Fs D]-tZ-in-p. Fm ]pXnb kvIqfn Idp \nd-
ap GI hyn Rm am{X-am-bn-cp-p. ap ]e Ipn-I-sfbpw
X-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm- ]Tn-n-Xv ap--hsc shdp-p-hm\pw
hntZz-jn-m\pw Bbn-cp-p.
At\ym\yw D hyXym-k-sf Bkv]-Z-amn Ipn-I {Iqc-
ambn {]hnp Fv hcmw. "\n-fpsS \ndw Fp sImv
Idpp?' \ncp-]-{Z-]-chpw \ntm-jhpw Bb Hcp tNmZyw BWv
AXv. Fm AXns\ XpSv Ah Nncn-p-hm\pw ]cn-l-kn-
p-hm\pw XpS-pw Fp Rm a\-n-emn. Ah hyXy--
cmWv F Nn Ah-cpsS a\-n sNdp-Xm-sb-nepw ]Xn-n-p-
33
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? hntZz-j-ns N{Iw Dcp-fp-Xv Cm-sX-bm-pI
mbn-cpp. hyXy \nds km[m-c-W-b-mXmbn, AXn tle slenIv (Hela ehrlich)
GsX-nepw A]m-I-X-bp-Xmbn Ah ImWp-p. tle (Hela) F Fs blqZ kvt\ln-Xbvv CXp-t]mse
Ah-cpsS Iq-n Rm H-bm-bn. Fs Ahn-Sps PohnXw Hcp IY ]d-bphm-\p-v. tle (Hela) hfXv \mkn-I-fpsS
Ffp--apXmbncpn-. Ahn-sS-h-p-mb Hcp kw`hw Rm P\nbnem-bn-cp-p. Ah-cpsS ASp _p--sfm-sbpw
Hcn-epw ad-p-I-bn-. R _n k-cn--tm Rm cmw temI alm-bp- - n-\p-ap-p-Xs ap cmPy-f
- n-tev IpSn-
Fs Hcp sh-m-c kvt\ln-Xs\ asmcp sh-m-c tb-dn-mp. Fm Ah-fpsS cp hen-b-mcpw hen-b-
Ipnp ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n. AXn-\p-tijw ]e-tmgpw Ah cp- amcpw ap Nne _mey-Im-e-kp-lr-p-fpw tlmtfm tImv
t]cpw Hcp-an-n-cpp Fp am{X-a Fs ]pd-m-p-Ibpw (Holo caust) ac-W-a-S-p. (b-lq-Z-cpsS hwi-\m-i-n\v lnve
sNbvXp. Xma-kn-bmsX Rm asmcp kvIqfn-tev am-s-p. D]--tbm-Kn amw.)
F\nv ]{p hb-m-b-tm kwK-Xn-I XnIpw hyXy-- Imew ]e-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-n lrZ-b-th-Z\ Ipd-bvp-p.
am-bn-op. R-fpsS mn Fm-hcpw Idp \nd-ap--h- Fm tlebpsS Pohn-X-n AXv Dm-bn-. kmh-[m-\-
cm-bn-cp-p. shfp \nd-m-c tjm (Shawn) F Hcp Ipn n Ah-fpsS thZ\ shdppw tIm]hpw Bbn-am-dn. ap--hsc
am{X-am-bn-cp-p. B mn am{X-a B kvIqfnse GI sh- shdp--W-sav tlebvv taml-ap-m-bn-cp-n. Ah Pohn-
m-c\mb Ipn- tjm am{X-am-bn-cp-p. Ahs\ R Hcp p-hm\pw kvt\ln-p-hm\pw B{K-ln-p. bYm-n hntZz-
]pdw PmXn-bmbn IcpXn Fm--c-nepw h-n-e-Sn-m-\- jhpw ]Ibpw tIm]hpw Cm-Xn-cn-m, Ah lrZ-bs ITn-\-
s-Sp-n-bp ]cn-lmk hmp-I D]-tbm-Kn-p-Ibpw ico-cn-I- s-Sp-m-Xn-cn-m Ah hf-sc-b-[nIw {ian-p. ]s Ahv
ambn D]-{Z-hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah R-tfmSv bmsXmcp an-p-hm km[n-n-.
tZmjhpw sNbv X n- c p- n Fnepw shfp h- m- t cmSp Fm Hcp Znhkw Ah-fpsS a\-n Hcp ]pXnb Nn
Rp-m-bn-cp Fm hntZz-jhpw Ah-\n Xop-hm-\mWv DZnp. Xs IpSpw-_-n-ephsc h[n--h-cpsS Ip-fpw Ipd-
R {ian--Xv. R tIm]m-Ip-e-cm-bn-cpp B tIm]-samw hp-Ifpw Fm-bn-cp-mepw Ah-cpw a\p-j-cmWv kl-Po-hn-I-fmWv
Ah-\n Xop-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fv AwKo-I-cn-msX Ah-tcmSp an-p-hm hnj-a-amWv F-
sh-h-s-p-dnpw Ah-cpsS Ncn{Xsp-dnpw R Xm-bn-cpp B Nn.
[cnp sh kI-e-n-sbpw {]Xo-I-am-bn-cpp tjm. ]mhw ""`b-tmSpw hnd-b-temSpw IqSn Rm Fs lrZ-b-n-tev
tjm RfpsS PmXn-bpsS ta sNmcn-b-s \n, Xcw-Xm- t\mn AhnsS hntZz-j-n-sbpw ]I-bp-sSbpw hnp-I ]mI-
gv, a-\w, ASn-a-hym-]m-cw, Cs\ Fm cu{Z-hn-Im-c--fp- s-n-cn-pp F hkvXpX Rm a\-n-em-n. ap--h-sc-p-
sSbpw Cc-bm-bn-op. dnv ]pO-amb Nn-I, A-ln-jvWp-X, tIm]w, Akq-b, ap-
Rm Hcn-epw tjmWn-t\mSp a tNmZn-n-. Fs Dnse -hsc ]cn-K-Wn-bvm-Xn-cn-p-I, Ch-sbm-sbpw Bbn-cpp
h hnth-N-\-s-p-dnv Rm t_m[-hm-\m-b-tm tjm \mkn P\n DS-se-Sp--Xns thcp-I. Ah Fm a\p-jy-
t]mbn Ign-n-cp-p. tjmWnt\mSp sNbvX-Xn\v Rm ssZh- cnepw Hc-f-hn ImW-s-Sp-p.
tmSp a tNmZn-p. AXp-t]mse Rm GI-\m-bn-cp--tm F\nv a Bh-iy-amWv F t_m[w in-bmbn Fn-
Fs D]-{Z-hn--tcmSp Rm an-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. tev hp. Fm am{Xta ap--h-tcmSp an-p-hm km[y-
amIq Fpw Rm a\-n-em-n. F\nv Ah-tcmSp an-p-
hm km[n-p. Rm AXns\ XpSp ]cn-]qW kzX-{-bmbn.
34 35
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
tPmk^v s_ Fen-bm-k
(Joseph Ben Eliezer)
Fs asmcp kvt\ln-X\ - m-bn-cp tPmk^v s_ Fen-tbk
1929 P-\n-bnse {^Iv^n P\n-p. Ahs amXm-]n-
Xm- Zmcn-{Zy-n \npw, ]oU-\-n \npw c t\Sp-hm-
\mbn t]mf-n \nv IpSn-tbdn ]m-h-cm-bncpp. ]s,
Ahv AXv e`y-am-bn-.
""blq-Z-tcm-Sp s]mXp-hmb hntZz-j-s-p-dnv Rm BZy-
ambn a\-n-em-p-Xv F\nv aqp hbv am{X-ap--tm-gm-Wv.
(Ostenostrasse) H-sUv hoYnbnep Fs `h-\-nse P\-en
IqSn Rm ]pd-tv t\mn \npI Bbn-cp-p. B kabw
lnve bphP-\-dmen B hgn-bn IqSn amv sNbvXv ISp-
t]mbn. B Ah-k-c-n Ah ]mSnb blq-Z-cw R-fpsS
In-I-fn \nv Hgp-Ip-tm F ]mv Fs hf-sc-b-[nIw
`b- s - S p- n. Fs amXm- ] n- X m- - f psS apJpw B `bw
F\nbvp ImWm-am-bn-cpp.
CtXm-sSmw R-fpsS IpSpw_w AhnsS \nv amdn Xma-kn-
p-hm Xocp-am-\n-p. 1933 Ah-km-\-am-b-tm-tgpw R
t]mfnse (ROZWADOW) tdmkvhmtUmbntev Xmakw amn.
AhnsS Hp-ap-m t]cpw blq-Z-cm-bn-cpp. Xm, Bim-
cnam, sImam, I-h-S-m Cs\ \nc-h[n Xpd-bn Ah
{]hn-p-h-p. Zmcn{Zyw Dm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw ay-hw
(Middle Class) Bbn R ]cn-K-Wn--s-n-cp-p. Bdp-hj-m-
e-tmfw R tdmkv hmtUm-bn Xma-kn-p.
1939 - cmw temI-a-lm-bpw XpS-n. BgvN-Ip-n
P ]mfw R-fpsS ]Ww ]nSn-p. Fs ]nXmhpw aq
ktlm-Z-c\pw hoSns Xp-]p-dv Hfn-p. Bsc-nepw hmXp-
apn Ah FhnsS Fv tNmZn-p-tm Ah ChnsS C
Fv R ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-p.
AXn-\p-ti-j-amWv blq-Z-m Ghcpw \K-c-at[y hc-W-sa
Ghpw `bm-\-I-c-amb D-chv h-Xv. Rv GXm\pw aWn-
q-dp-I am{X-amWv Ah \In-b-Xv. Rv FSp-m-hp-Xv
36
hntZz-j-ns N{Iw Dcp-fp-Xv Cm-sX-bm-pI
Fmw FSpp `mWvU-sI-mn R-fpsS ]pdIn shp. \K-
c-as
- y-\nv At\I ssa amdn-bp Hcp \Zn-bpsS kao-]t- v
amvsNbvXp t]mIp-hm \mkn ]S-bm-fn-I R-tfmSv Bh-
iy-s-p. bqWnt^mw [cn Bm R-tfm-sSmw tamtm
sskn-fn k-cn-p. AXn Hcm R-fpsS ASpp hp
thKw \S-p-hm Bh-iy-s--Xn-\p-tijw Fs ]nXm-hns\
anp. bqWnt^mw [cn ap ]S-bm-fn-I B-cn-In R-
fpsS hchpw Imv \nn-cp-p. ]Ww, B`-c-W-, hmp-I
Ch R-fpsS kaw Dtm Fv Ah ]cn-tim-[n-p. Fs
sNdnb ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS hkv{X-Sn-bn ]Ww shn-cp-Xv
Ahv Ip-]n-Sn-p-hm km[n-n-. AXv Ignv R
FhnsS t]mI-W-sav Ah R-tfmSv Bh-iy-s-n-. AXp-
sImv ASpp I {Kma-n R Ghcpw AnDdn.
Ipsd Znh-k- Ign--Xn-\p-tijw B`m-Kpw P
]mfw X-Sn-p-hm XpS-pp Fv R tIp. AXn `-
b-s R, Imp kqn ]Ww D]-tbm-Knv ap Nne
IpSpw-_--tfm-sSmw Hcp hnbpw IpXn-cbpw hmn. R-fpsS
km[-\-sfbpw Ipn-Isfbpw AXn Ibn bm{X XpS-n.
R Ing-p`mK-t-v, djy-bpsS AXn-cp-I-fn-tev bm{X
XpS-n. cm{Xn-p aps AhnsS sNs-p-sap Icp-Xn. Fm
hnkvXoW-ap Nne sImSpw ImSp-I-fn-emWv R Fn-
t- X v . cm{Xn- b n Bbp[ [mcn- I - f mb sIm- msc
Rv t\cn-tSn hp. R-fpsS ssIh-i-ap--sXmw
Ah R-tfmSv Bh-iy-s-p. Ah `bm-\-I-amb \nan-j--fm-
bn-cpp. `mKy-h-im R-tfm-sSm--ap ]pcp-j-m Ahsc
t\cn--Xn-\m Ah Rsf hnp-t]m-bn. Hcp ssknfpw R-
fpsS ap Nne km[-\-fpw am{X-amWv Rv \jvS-am-b-Xv.
]no- S p hj- - f n tPmk^v ssk_o- c nb (SIBERIA)
bnemWv Ignp Iqn-b-Xv. 1943 tPmk^v Ahn-sS-\nv ]m-e-
kvXo\n-tev c-s-p. bpw Ign--Xn\v tijw tIm-
ktj Imp-I-fn (Concentation Camps) XS-hp-Im-cmbn Ign
]e-cp-ambpw tPmk^n\v _-s-Sp-hm km[n-p.
37
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
(Bergen - Belsen)
_K _sk (Bulchen Wold) _p
thmUv Cu e- - f n \nv hnSp- h n- - s v 1945
]meo\n h Ipn- I , Ah IS- p- t ]mb Ah- -
Isfpdnv ]d--Xv `bm-\-I-c-am-bn-cp-p. ]{p apX ]Xn-
\m-ep-h-b-p-hsc {]mb-ap B Ipn-I hb-p-sNv hr-m-
cm-b-hsc t]mse-bmWv ImW-s--Xv. thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb B hm-
I {ihn F\nv \mkn-I-tfmSv Dm-bn-cp tIm]hpw hntZz-
jhpw ]Xn--Sp hnp.
AXn-\p-tijw (Holocaust) tlmtfmtImv ]oU-\-n-e-I-s--
h-cpsS ]me-kvXo-\n-te-p {]th-i\w {_nojv `c-W-IqSw \nb-
{n-p-hm {ian-p. B kabw F\nv Ah-tcmSpw AXn-I-Tn-\-
amb shdppw hntZz-jhpw Df-hm-bn. ap blq-Z-m-cpsS Iq-
n Iim-p-im-e-bn BSns\ Ad-p--Xp-t]mse Xsf
Iim-p-sN-p-hm A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bn F Xocp-am-\-n-em-bn-
cpp Ah. h\y-ar-K - f- psS ay-n Pohn-p {]XoXn-bmWv
R- f psS a\- n Df- h m- b - X v . Ah- s c- t mse \njv T q- c
BIp-n Fn Ah-cn \nv c-{]m-]n-m kmy-a Fv
R Nnn-p.
]e-kvXo-\n {_nojv `cWw Ign Ah-k-c-n Ahv
FXnsc bpw sNt Bhiyw Rp-h-n-. B ka-b-
mWv RsS Xmak e-v thn Ah-Im-i-hm-Zhpw
Bbn Ad-_n-I h-Xv. B ka-b-v Rm ]m-f-n tNp.
Fs C\nbpw Nhp-n-sa-Xn-p-hm Bpw kmy-ambn-cp-p.
Hcp anen-dn Hm-td-j-\n R-fpsS bqWnv Hcp Iqw ]e-
kvXoIm-tcmSp aWn-q-dp-IIw Ah-cpsS {Kmaw hnSp-hm
Bh-iy-s-p. kam-[m-\] - c- a
- mbn t]mIp-hm R Ahsc A\p-
h-Zn-n-. R-fpsS Dn Ipanp IqSnb ]Ibpw hntZz-jhpw
R Ah-cn sNmcn-p. Ah-tcm-Sp tNmtZym--c-th-f-I-
fn ]e-tmgpw R Ahsc {Iqc-ambn an-p-Ibpw Nnesc
h[n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. apI-fn \np D-c-hp-I-fn-msX
R- f psS kzw C- I v A\p- k - c n- mWv CXv R
sNbvXXv. \njn--amb hnIm-c--fmWv Rsf CXn\p t{]cn-
n-Xv.
38
hntZz-j-ns N{Iw Dcp-fp-Xv Cm-sX-bm-pI
Cu kabw t]mf-n shv CXp-t]m-se- Dmb sNdp-{]m-b-
n-ep A\p-`h -
- Fs a\-n Hm-h - p. F\nv ]p-
h-b-p-am{Xw {]mb-ap--tm kzw `h-\-n \nv ]pd-m-
-s Hm-I Fs ]nSnv De-p. Bfp-I, ]pcp-j-mcpw
kv{XoIfpw Ipn-Ifpw Xv FSp-m-hp--sXmw FSpp
sImv t]mtI kml-Ncyw hopw Bhn--s-Sp-p. Ah-
cpsS Ip-I-fn \ng-en-n-cp B `bw Rm\pw A\p-`-hn--Xm-
Wv. Rm hf-sc-b-[nIw Akz--\m-bn-op. Fmepw Rm
sNp {]hrn Hcp D-chv {]Im-c-am-Wv. hne-]n-Sn-p km[-
\-v thn Rm Ah-cpsS CS-bn Xnc-p.''
B ka-bv tPmk^v A{I-a-n\v Cc-b-mbn-cp-p. ]s
Ctm e`y-am-bn-cn-p B ]pXnb in Hpw-Xs kam-
[m\w \IpXmbn-cp-n-. apIme kvac-WI - fpw AXns thZ-
\-Ifpw tPmk^ns\ Ae-n.
CXns\ XpSv tPmk^v ]m-f-n \nv amdn. ]s AXp-
sImpw kp-jvS-\m-bn-. blqZ aXn \npw Fm aX--
fn \npw tPmk^v ]nm-dn. ZpjvS-X-bpsS Aw a\-n-emn
temIs ImWp-hm tPmk^v {iaw \S-n. AXpw ^e-{]-Z-am-
bn-. Ah-km\w bYm-ambn tbip-hns\ IsnbXn
IqSn, kzw PohnXn hntZz-j-n-t\m, ]I-tbm, m\anm-
Xn-cp tbip-hns\ a\-n-em-n-b-Xn IqSn am{X-amWv bYm
kzmX-{y-s-p-dn-p t_m[w tPmk-^ns a\-n Df-hm-
b-Xv.
""Fs lrZ-b-n tbip-hns hmp-I Rm {Kln-p.
"tImgn Xs Ipp-sf Xs Nnd-In ad-bvp--Xp-t]mse
\nsf tNp sImhm Rm AXn-bmbn B{K-ln-p.
\ntfm AXns\ ssIsm-n.' Cu hmp-I-fpsS in Rm
A\p-`-hn-p. Fm-cw IS--I-sfbpw, Fm PmXn-sbbpw hwi-
sbpw aX--sfbpw, Hcpanp tNp-hm-\p in Cu hmp-
Ip-v. B A\p-`hw F\nv Ghpw hep-Xmb hyXn-bm\w
hcp-n. hntZz-j-sa tcmK-n\v kuJyhpw Fm ]m]--fn
\npw D hnSp-X-epw F\nv Df-hm-bn. Fs ]pXnb hnizm-k-
39
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? hntZz-j-ns N{Iw Dcp-fp-Xv Cm-sX-bm-pI
n a F bmYmyw F\nv A\p-`-hn-m km[n-p. ]gb \K-c-n R A`-bmn-I-fm-bnop. R-
Rm FtmSp Xs tNmZnp. "ap--htcmSv a {]Zin-n- v An Dd-p-hm e`y-am-b-Xv hop-]-I-c-W- Hp-an-msX
m-Xn-cn-m Fns\ km[npw'?'' as kqn--s-n-cp Hcp tmdn Bbn-cp-p. Hcp apnw
_njmcm BhmZv (Bishara Awad) IpSpw_w Rv Ipsd `-Whpw Infn ]pXpw \In.
PohnXw hfsc Zpx- l - a m- b n- c pp. `- W - a n- msX Dd- nb
tPmk^ns\tmse \nc-h[n t] (Arab - Israeli conflict) Ad_n
cm{XnI Ctmgpw Fs a\-n hy-ambn \ne-\np-p.
bn{km-tb {]Xn-k-n-bn thZ-\-s-Sp--h-cp-v. AXn Hcp-
h-\mWv Fs kvt\ln-X-\mb _njmcm BhmZv. AXn-\o Fs amXmhv Hcp t\gvkv Bbn- ]cn-io-en--s-n-cp-p. A-
t]mcm---sf-p-dnpw {]tXy-Inv kl-\-i-nbpw a-bvp-th- bvv amkw 25 tUmf thX-\-n Hcp tPmen e`n-p. A
n-bp bXv\-sfpdnpw Ah FtmSp ]d-p. cm{Xn-bn tPmen sNbvXp ]I ka-b-ap--tm IqSp-X ]Tn-
""1948 Ad-_n-Ifpw bn{km-tb-en IpSn-tb-dn-m blqZcpw p- I bpw sNbv X p. Ipn- I - f mb Rsf Hcp Hm^- t \- P n
Xn-ep AXn-I-Tn-\-amb bp-n Bbn-c--W-n\v ]e- ]mnp.
kvXoIm ac-W-a-S-bp-Ibpw \nc-h[n t] `h-\-c-ln-X-cm-bn-o- Fs ktlm-Z-cn-am Hcp apnw ]n-q-S-n tN-s-p.
cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Fs `h-\-npw Cu ZpKXn t\cn-tS-n-h- Fm R B Ipn-I hfXv Hcp CwojvImcn
p. Fs ]nXmhv Hcp _p-n-\m acn-p. ihw kwkv-cn-p- \S-nb Hcp `h-\nemWv. F\nv CXv ITn-\-amb Hcp ]co-
-Xn\v Hcp \ ew Inn-bn-. X-fpsS ep \npw -W-am-bn-cp-p. BZyw Fs ]nXm-hns\ F\nv \jvS-s-p.
`bw \nanw Fhn-tS-s-nepw t]mIp-hm\pw Ghcpw `b-p. ]noSv Fs IpSpw-_-n \nv Rm thXn-cn--s-p.
cp-h-ip \np-ap shSn-bp-I-fm ac-W-a-S-bp-hm kmy- amkn Hcp {]mhiyw IpSpw- _ s kin- p- h m
X-bp-v. Hcp {]m\ sNmp-hm ]ptcm-ln-Xt\m ]mtdm Rv A\p-hm-Z-ap-m-bn-cp-p. ]s Cu coXn-bn ]{v
e`y-a. AXp-sImv R-fpsS amXmhv thZ-]p-kvX-I-n \nv kwh-cw Xma-kn-p-hm R \n_-n-s - -p. Fs cp
Hcp `mKw hmbn-p. Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp ]pcp-j-m hoSn\p ]pd- ktlm-Z-c-mcpw ap Fp Ipn-Ipw Hw Fs bmX\I
p ep Xs Fs ]nXm-hns arX-tZlw kwkvI- XpSp. Rv Bh-iy-n\v `Ww e`y-am-bn-cp-n-.
cnp. ]-W-n-ep skan-t-cn-bn-tev sImp-t]m-Ip--Xn\v `Ww hfsc tami-am-bn-cp-p. R-tfm-Sp kao-]\w Ak-
bmsXmcp \nhm-lhpw Cm-bn-cp-p. l-\obw Bbn-cp-p.
Ccp-]n HXmw hb-n Fs amXmhv As\ Hcp hn[h _njmdm (Bishara) {]mb-am-b-tm Ata-cn--bn ]T-\-n\p
Bbn-op. B ka-bv F\nv H]Xp hb-p-am-{X-am-bn- t]mIp-Ibpw Ata-cn- ]ucXzw kzoI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
cpp. R- f psS {]tZ- i v At\ym\yw D shSn- s hbv ] v ]noSv bn{km-tb-en-tev aSn Hcp {InkvXy kvIqfn tPmen
BgvNI - \op-\n-p. AXp-sImv hoSns Ae-am-cn-bn A`bw kzoI-cn-p. ]pd-tImp t\mp-tm _njm-dmbvv ]d-hm-\p-Xv
{]m]n-n-cp Rv ]pdp t]mIp-hm km[n-n-cp-n-. Hcp CXmWv ""BZy-hjw Rm hf-sc-b[ - nIw \ncptj-hm-\m-bn-cpp.
Znhkw cm{Xn tPmtU-\n-b ]mfw R-tfmSv AhnsS \nv AXp-sImv F\nv A[n-Isampw sNp-hm km[n-n-. Fs
]gb \K-c-n-tev ]em-b\w sNm-\mbn Bh-iy-s-p. R
a\-n ]e-kvXoImsc D]-{Z-hn blq-Z-tcm-Sp hntZz-jhpw
Ign-n-cp `h\w ]noSv R In-n-. bmsXmpw FSp-
]Ibpw \nd- p- \ n- p. Fs Fm hnZymn- I fpw ]e-
msX R AhnsS \nv HmSn. Nne Ah-cpsS ss]Pmam-
kvXoIm Bbn-cp-p. Rm D]-{Z-hn--s coXn-bn Ah
Cp-sIm-m-bn-cpp HmSn-b-Xv.
40 41
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? hntZz-j-ns N{Iw Dcp-fp-Xv Cm-sX-bm-pI
Hmtcm-cp-cpw ]oUn--s-n-cp-p. Fs Dn IpSn-sIm-n- {]mtbm-Kn-I-Xbpw AwKo-Icnp-I. AXns\ \n-fpsS Xe-n-
cp ]I-bpsSbpw hntZz-j-ns Xnc-X- ImcWw F\nv tev Npcp-m-sX-bn-cn-p-I. \n-fpsS Pohn-X-ssi-en-\pcq]-
th hn[-n Fs hnZymn-Isf klm-bn-p-hm Ign- s-SmsX tbip-hns shfn--n am{Xw AXns\ ImWp-I.
n-cp-n-. B ]Ibpw hntZz-jhpw Fs sNdpw apX Fn AXns Ak Imp ]cn-]m-env AXns\ BKn-cWw
IpSn-sIm-n-cp-Xv hfv sImt-bn-cp-p. Hcp cm{Xn Ip-\o- sNbvXv AXn\p thn B{K-lnv AXns hnPb-n-p-thn
tcmSp IqSn Rm ssZh-tmSp {]mn-p. blq-Z-tcm-Sp hntZz- ]cn-{i-an-p-I.
j- s bpw ]I- s bbpw Gp- ] - d p Rm a- b v p- t h- n \s _e-lo-\cpw ]cm-Pn-Xcpw Bbn XmsX a, \-
{]mn-p. DS Xs ssZhw Fs \ncm-i-Isfbpw FXnp- bpsS bYm insb shfn-hm-p-p. AXv \Ip Bpw
I-sfbpw hntZz-j-sbpw Fn \nv AIn. Fs lrZ-bw- e`n-p Bpw Hcp-t]mse inbpw kam-[m-\hpw {]Zm\w
kvt\lw sImv \nd-p. sNp-p. Ghpw {]bm-k-ap kml-N-cy--fn ]I-bp-sSbpw
kzb]cnc- - W hpw kzb hfbpw Dun- - d - b p Hcp hntZz-j-n-t-Xp-amb ISw-I-Y-Isf amn-b-In a\p-jy-Xzhpw
kwkvIm-c-n A[n-jvTn-X-amb Hcp PohnX coXn-bn a- F- \oXnbpw {]Zm\w sNbvXp a\pjy lrZ-b-v kam-[m\w ]I-
Xn\v henb m\-an-. _njmd hnh-cn coXn-bn-ep A\p-c- cp-p. Ah-km-\-am-bn, \psS abpsS ^ew Hcp a\p-jy-
Rv P \ at\m- ` m- h - n\pw kv t \l- n\pw B Xc- n- e p ebn IqSn At\ym\yw ]I-csSpp.
kwkvIm-c-n {]m[m-\y-an Fp am{X-a ]cn-lmk cqt]W
B Nnm-K-Xnsb hymJym-\n-p-Ibpw sNp-p. Fm \n`m-
Ky-h-im Cu Xc-n-ep Hcp hymJym\w {]iv\-v icn-
bmb Hcp Dcw \Ip-n- F-XmWv bmYmyw. B-co-
I-ambn Ah _-\-n-em-Wv. BXy-n-I-ambn Cu _\w
Agn-p--Xn\v Hcp amw am{Xta Dq. kzmX-{y-n-\p-th-n-
bp {]Xym-isb apdp-sI-n-Sn-p-I. \ncm-i-bpsS A\p-`-h-nepw
Cu {]Xym-i-bn Ddp \np-I. kvt\l-n-sbpw a-bp-
sSbpw (Naim Ateek) am-amWv Cu {]Xym-i-bpsS {]mhn-I-
amw. \bnw Anv F ]me-kvXo-\n-b ]ptcm-ln-Xs Poh-
Ncn{Xw _njmdbpsS-Xp-ambn kmay-ap Hcp Ncn{Xw BWv.
""Bfp-I At\ym\yw shdp-p-tm AXns in Ahsc
AI- p- p. Ah B hnIm- c nsXncmbn ]cn- { i- a n- p- I .
Nnetm \np apXqw e`y-ambn Fp hcmw. a-h-k-c-
-fn \n ]nd-tImp t]mtb-mw. Hcn-epw hntZzjw \n-
sf ASn-a-s-Sp--cp-Xv.
a-bp-sSbpw kvt\l-n-t-Xp-amb {]-amWw A\p-kc - nv Pohn-
p-hm {ian-p-I. tbip-hns kt-i-n shw tNm-
Xn-cn-p-I. AXns\ \ncm-I-cn--bpacp-Xv. AXns bmYmyhpw
42 43
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
A[ymbw 4
\nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc
A\p-{K-ln-pI
""Nne Nn-I-fpsS ]m--e-n \mw ]Ip \np-p.
{]tXy-Inpw a\p-jy-cpsS ZpjvS-{]-hn-Isf t\mn AXns\
F{]-Imcw t\cn-SWw in {]tbm-K-mtem? kvt\l-mtem?
kvt\l-ns amw kzoI-cn-pp Fn \apv temIs
apgp-h-\mbn Iogvs]-Sp-mw. Xmgva-tb-dnb kvt\lw in-a-mWv.
Fm-ns\-mfpw AXv in-tbdn-bXmWv. asm-n\pw Xs B
in C.'' -FYODOR DOSTOEVSKY
kphn-ti-j--fn ImWp ]X {]kw-K-n IqSn tbip,
"i{Xp-sf kvt\ln-p-hm' ]Tn-n-pXnt\m-sSmw \s
]oUn-n-p-h- sc A\p-{K-ln-p-hm\pw Bh-iy-s-Sp-p. Imhv
Ipcn-in InSv ""]nXmth Ch sNp-Xv Fv Fv Adn-bm-
bvI-bm Ch-tcmSp an-t-Wta'' F Xs {]m-\-bn
IqSn Xs {]am-W-sf Pohn-X-n bmYmy-amn ImWnp
sImSp-p. AXp-t]mse Xs BZy ss{IkvXh c-kmn
Bbn- X o hnip kv t X^mt\mkpw Xs Is- d np
sImp Ah-k-c-n Cs\ {]mYn-p. ""]nXmth Ch-cp-sS-
ta Cu ]m]w \n-cpsX''.
kzb-\-io-I-c-W-n-\p-X-Ip hnUvVn--am-bmWv ]ecpw Cu
at\m-`m-hs ]cn-K-Wn-p--Xv. \s D]-{Z-hn-mt\m \in-n-
mt\m apXn-cp Hcmsf \mw Fn\v Benw-K\w sN-Ww?
kzbw kwc--W-n\v thn Fp-sImv {]Xn-tcm-[n-p-hm
{ian-p-n? Pbnhmkn-bmb Hcp ]cn-N-b-m-c\v Fs Cu
]pkvX-I-ns ]gb ]Xnv Imn-b-tm Abm C{]-Imcw
{]Xn-Icnp. "blq-Z-\m-bmepw Ata-cn- CUy Bbmepw
AYhm Ncn-{X-n ]oUn-n--s GXp hw Bbn-cp-mepw
44
\nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc A\p-{K-ln-pI
Ahsc ]oUnn--h-tcmSp an-p-hm Ah Fs\ Bh-iy-
sSpw Fv F\nv Nnn-m IqsS Ign-bp-n-.'
\n-fpsS Dcw Fv Fv F\n-p-]-d-hm km[npw
"tbip!'. ]s blq-m-sc-p-dnv Nnn-p-tm tbip-hns
]nKm-an-If- mb "{InkvXym-\n-IfmWv' blq-Z - m-cpsS Ghpw henb
FXn-cm-fn-I-fm-bn-XoXv Fv ImWmw. bqtdm-n blq-Z-msc
tNcn-I-fn-tev Xp-Ibpw B tNcn-I \nd--tm Ahsc
Auschwitz Kymkv tNw-dn Cp-\-in-n-p-Ibpw sNbvX-tm,
{InkvXym-\n-I {]Xn-I-cn-msX, \n-_vZ-X-tbmsS, Ahsb
hon-p-bm-Wp-m-bX - v. Ata-cn- CUymsc sh-m-cmb
{InkvXym-\n-I hwi-\m-i-ns hn-se-n-p-Ibpw Ahp
thn-bp {]tXyI ev IpSn-]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Ghpw tami-amb eamWv Ahv \In-b-Xv.
Bh-iy-n\p `-Whpw hkv{Xhpw Irjn e-fpw \
`h-\-fpw _nkn-\pw D-hv a-sb-p-dnv {]kw-Kn-p-
hm Hpw hnj-a-an-. Fm sXmgn cln-X-cm-bn, `h-\-c-ln-X-
cm-bn, ]n-Wn-bn Ign-bp-htcmSv ("Frantz Fanon F Fgp-p-
Imcs The Wretched of the Earth F ]pkvX-I-nse hnh-cWw'')
h-tcmSv a-sb-p-dnv ]d-bp-Xv bYm t_m[tam? Ah-cpsS
]n-Wnv thn thmv \Inb ]W-ap--h-tcmSpw kuI-cy-ap-
-h-tcmSpw Ah Fns\ Fn\v an--Ww? bp-n\v
thn thmv \In-b-h, Pbn-ep-Iv-thn thmv \In-b-
h, ]mh--fpsS \mi-n-\p-thn thmv \In-b-h Ch-scm-
sbpw a Aln-p-pthm?
""Imth Ahcpw Ah-cpsS ]nXm--mcpw A-qdp hj-
m-e-ambn sNbvXp sImn-cn-p--Xmb kwK-Xn-Isf Ah-tcmSv
an-t-Wta'' F Xc-n-ep Hcp {]m\ kzoIm-cytam?
CXp- s ImmWv Fs lrZbw cmjv { Sob Xe- n- e p
{]h- \ - n- p- t hn hmn- - X v . ss]im- N n- I - - f mb
bmYmy-sf Xncp-p-hm, Cu temI-nse \c-I-n
\nv \nc-h[n Bfp-Isf cn-m Rm hmn-p. Ah-cpsS
kml-N-cy- hyXym-k-am--s--Xn-\p-tijw a-sb-p-dnv
kwkm-cn-m km[n-t-pw.
45
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? \nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc A\p-{K-ln-pI
Cu hmp-I ]epw {Iqc-ambn tXmmw. Fs-m tcw aSn hn-. ]ns Znhkw am{X-amWv Ah-cpsS kzw
Cu ]pkvX-I-nse av Fgp-p-Im-cn \npw hyXy--amb Pon Ahsc Xncn--dn-bm ]mSn-m coXn-bn In--cn-
\ne-]mSv BWv ChnsS \mw ImWp--Xv. GI-tZiw 25 hjw-apv -Xm-b kw`-h-ns hnhcw mUn-kn\v e`y-am-b-Xv.
Cu Fgp-p-Im-cs\ h[-in-bvv hn[n-n-cp-p. cmjv{Sob Xe- \yqtbmv sswkv (New York Times) C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Spn.
n-ep Hcp Ip-amWv Btcm-]n--s-n-cp--Xv. B tIkns anv sbnkv k-Sm-[n-Iy-m hfsc kmh-[m\w am{X-
hnhn[ hi--sf-p-dnv Hmtcm hn[-n-ep hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z- amWv \on-b-Xv. Nnn-mWv Ah kwkm-cn--Xv. CXv sNbvXXv
Db \oXn-\ymb tImS-Xn-I-fnepw {]Xn-[z-\n-p. A\m-h-iy-ambn Bcm-sW-nepw Ah-tcmSv R an-n-cnpp.'' Cu kw`-
Abm-fn Ip- Btcm-]n--s--XmWv F Nn- ]e-cnepw hhpw Bbn _-s At\z-j-W-n kp{][m\ ]p hlnp
Dm-bn-cp-p. GsX-nepw Hcp hynv [mcm-f-ambn an-p- kp{]ow tImSXn PUvPn Un.-]n. hm-t[h (D.P. Wadheva), anv
hm\pmbn-cp-p-sh-n AXv Cu hyn-bvp-am-{X-am-bn-cp-p. mUokv sbnkns {]Xn-I-c-W-s-p-dnv C{]Imcw tcJ-
F{]-Imcw {InkvXym\nI, A\o-Xn-I \nd Hcp LS-\bvv s-Sp-n. Cu ISpwssI {]hn--h-scbpw AXn\v t{]cn-n--
FXnsc {]Xn-I-cn-msX ]oUn-X-h-n \nv a Imwn- h-scbpw B Nnm-KXn shp-]p-ep--h-scbpw, Xs Cu
pp F At-l-ns shp-hnfn A-h-m-bn-cp-p, al-\ob {]Xn-Ic - Ww sImv anv sbnkv Gh-scbpw en-
{]m[m-\y-aln-p--Xp-am-Wv. Fs kw_-nv AXns Dcw n-n-cn-p-p.''
ImWp-hm km[n-p-Xv Ao-n-bnse {^mkn-ns Nn- Ing- Hdo-m-bnse _cn-]mU (Baripada) F ev
I-fn-emWv. hfsc hrn-lo-\-amb Hcp ]-W-n Xs `mhv sNbvXp
""kphn-tijw Fm ka-bpw {]kw-Kn-p-I. Bh-iy-ap-s- sImn- c p the- b psS Ipjv T - t cm- K n- I p- t h- n- b p
n hmp-I D]-tbm-Kn-p-I.'' a-bpsS {]mtbm-Kn-Ih-i- {]h\w XpS-cp-hm-\mbn Mrs. Staines Xocp-am-\n-p. Xo-bmbpw
hy-am-p Cu D]-tZiw XmXzn-I-ambn hnh-cnmw AXn-s\- ssZhw \oXn-am\pw \-h\pw BWv FXpw Fm kw`-h--
p-dnv `wKn-hm-p-I ]d-bmw. ap--hsc D]-tZ-inmw AXv fnepw IqsS ssZh-ns Dt-i- \nhr-n--s-Spp Fpw
ap--h-cpsS Pohn-X-n Bh-iy-sSmw. CsXmpw Xs D kphn-tij kXy- Ah \In-sm-n-cpp. Nne-tm
A-h--. Fm AXv \psS Pohn-X-n {]mtbm-KnI ssZh-ns Dt-i- a\-n-em-p-hm a\p-jy-a-\-n\v hnj-
Xe-n sImp-h-cp-tm am{X-amWv AXns bYm in- a-I-c-am-hmw. B kml-N-cy--fn Ddp hniz-kn-pI am{X-amWv
shfn-s-Sp--Xv. Ia-\o-b-am-bp--Xv.
{Klmw sbnkv (Graham Staines) Fp sImmWv ssZhw Xs `m-hn-s\bpw cp a-
GI-tZiw ap-Xp-hj-tmfw CUy-bn IpjvTt- cm-Kn-If - psS sfbpw FSp-Xv FXv mUn-ns a\-n Xo-bmbpw D
CS-bn {]hn \gvkv Bbn-cp mUnkv sbnkpw anj- Hcp tNmZy-am-Wv. Fm Ah AXn\v Dcw Ip-]n-Sn-p-
\dn Bbn-cp Ah-cpsS `mhv {Klmw sbnkpw [mcmfw hm {ian-msX Xevmew amn-sh-bvp-hm-\p {ia-n-em-Wv.
acWw t\cn In-p-v. Fm 1999 P\p-h-cn-bnse kw`-h- ""GXp Xc-n-ep ac-W-amWv Ah t\cn-Xv? BZyw Ahsc
n\v Ah Hcp--s-n-n-m-bn-cp-p. B Znhkw Ah-cpsS h[n--Xn\v tij-amtWm Zln-n-p-hm {ian-Xv? Rm tIm]n-
`mhpw cp afpw ]p-hb - p {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp ^nenpw jvTtbm? Atbm? C-s\-bp ]e tNmZy- Ds-nepw
Bdv hbv {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp Xna-nbpw, aonwKv Ignv sshIp- Rm Ah-sb-p-dnv Btem-Nn-p-n-. B hn[-n-ep Fm-
46 47
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
hn[ Nn-I-sfbpw Fs a\-n \nv AI-p-hm BWv Rm
{ian-p--Xv. Nne kabw Rm AXy-[nIw k-Sm-h--bn-em-
Ipp. Fs {]nb-s-h - Ftm-sSm-a- n-. Fs Ipn-If
kabw sNe-h-gn-m Ah Ftm-sSmw C. Dd-p-hm
t]mIp-X - n-\p-apv `m-hn-t\mSv kwkm-cn-p-hm F\nv km[n-
p-I-bn-. Fm Rm Ctm ssZh-tmSp kwkm-cn-pp.
Fs lrZbw Ah\p apn Xpd-pp. F\n-bvm-h-iy-ap
inbpw hnth-Ihpw Ah F\nv \Ip-p.
Xs `m-hn-s\bpw Ipn-I-sfbpw Ipe sNbvX-h-sc-p-dnv
Ah C{]-Imcw ]d-p. ""F\nv Ah sNbvX {]hrn an-
p-hm km[npw. ]s Ah-cpsS ]m]- an-p-hm
F\nv kmy-a-. tbip-hn\p am{Xta Ah-cpsS ]m]- an-
p-hm km[n-p-I-bp-q. AXn\v Ah tbip-hns\ kao-]n-
t-n-bn-cn-p-p.''
Bbn-c--Wn-n-\m-fp-I ]s-Sp ih-kw-kvmc ip{iqj
Ign--Xn-\p-tijw anv sbnkpw Ah-cpsS ]Xn-aq-p-h-
bp am{Xw {]mb-ap Ftdpw P\--tfm-sSmw 'Because He
lives' F Km\m-em-]-\-tmSp IqSn skan-t-cn-bn \nv hnS-
hmn''.
''Because He lives, I can face tomorrow''
Because He lives, all fear is gone''
amn eqY InwKv (Martin Luther King)
a-sb-p-dn-p mUnkv sbnkns [mc-W-I a\-n-
em-p-hm ]epw hnj-a-am-Wv. Fnepw CXv X-fpsS Pohn-
X-n IqSn shfn-s-Sp-n-b-h \nc-h-[n-bm-Wv. ]oUn-X-cmb \nc-
h[n P\-, BZna ss{IkvX-h, \ho-I-cW ka-bs A\m
_m]vnv kaqlw, (Ana baptists) 2-0 mw \qm-n Pohn-n-cp
tSmtm-bn, alm-m-Km-n, amn eqY InwKv (Tolstoy, Gandhi,
Martin Luther King) C-h-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-I BZn-bm-b-h Cu ]n-I-
bn Dsm-p-p. amn eqY InwKns "kvt\l-ns
in' (Strength to Love) F ]pkvX-I-n sImSp-n-cn-p
Hcp `mKw Cu Bibw hfsc hy-am-p-p.
48
\nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc A\p-{K-ln-pI
""i{Xp-sf kvt\ln-pI'' F tbip-hns D]-tZiw t]mse
{]tbm-K-n sImp-h-cp-hm AXn-hn-j-a-amb asmcp Iev]\
- p-samv C. AXns {]mtbm-Kn-IX Am-[y-amWv Fp Icp-Xp--h
\nc-h-[n-bm-Wv. \s kvt\ln-phsc kvt\ln-p--Xn\v hnj-
a-an FmWv Ah-cpsS Ah-Imi hmZw. ]s \s D]{Zhnp-
hm {ian-p--hsc, \s tXmev]n-p-hm {ian-p--hsc
kvt\ln-p-hm Fns\ km[npw?
Hcp Znhm-kz-]v\-sa--Xnepw D]-cn-bm-bn, i{Xp-hns\ kvt\ln-
pI F Iev]\ \n-ln-t-Xv \psS bYm \ne-
\nn\v AXy-m-t]-n-X-am-Wv. Cs temI-ns {]iv\-
]-cn-lm-c-v Cu {]amWw A\p-tbm-Py-am-Wv. i{Xp-hns\
kvt\ln-pI FXv Hcp {]mtbm-KnI XXzw F-Xn-t\-m
bmYmy t_m[hpw {]mtbm-Kn-I-Xbpw Ien BWv Xs
Pohn-X-n IqSn tbip shfn-s-Sp-n-b-Xv.
shdp-ns\ AYhm hntZz-js hntZzjw sImp t\cn-
Sptm hntZzjw h[n-npI am{X-amWv \mw sNp--Xv. \-
{X--fn-m A-Im-c-]-c-amb Hcp cm{Xn-bpsS Ccpv hn-n-
p--Xn\v kam-\-am-bn-cnpw AXv. Ccp-n\v Ccp-ns\ Cm-Xm-
p-hm km[y-a-. shfn--n\v am{Xsa Ccp-ns\ Cm-Xm-m-
\m-Iq. hntZz-j-n\v hntZz-js Cm-Xm-p-hm kmy-a-.
kvt\l-n\v am{Xta AXv kmy-am-Iq. hntZzjw hntZz-js
hn- n- p- p. A{Iaw A{I- a s hn- n- p- p. Dd- -
a\nXn, IqSp-X Dd--Xm-Ip-Ibpw \mi-n-tev \bn-p-Ibpw
sNpp.
Hcp i{Xp-hns\ an{X-am-p-hm klm-bn-p GI LSIw
kvt\lw am{X-am-Wv. hntZz-js hntZzjw sImv t\cnv i{Xp-
hns\ Iogvs-Sp-p-hm kmy-a-. Fm i{XpXzw Cm-sX-
bmn BWv i{Xp-hns\ an{X-amn amp--Xv. hntZzjw AXns
kz`m-h-a-\p-k-cnv \s \mi-n-tev \bn-p-p. Fm
kvt\lw AXns hos-Sp-p in-bm hy-n-_--
D-sS kI-eXpw ]pXp-Xm-p-p.''
Hcp cmjv{Sob Bbp-[-ambn kvt\ls D]-tbm-Kn-p-hm
amn eqY InwKn\v km[n-p. AXns ASn-m\w At-l-
49
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
ns AKm-[-amb hnizmkw Bbn-cp-p. Fm Xo-bmbpw
AXn Hcp Afhn {]mtbm-Kn-I-Xbpw Ds-n-cp-p. Xsbpw
Xs IqsS-bp Bt{^m Ata-cn- kvt\ln-X-cp-sSbpw apn
Zi-hj--tfmfw \op \np t]mcm--amWv DXv Fv
At-l-n\v \-Xn hw Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. FXn-cm-fn-Isf
{]tIm-]n-n-m AXv IqSp-X A{I-a - f
- n-tev hgn-sX-fnv X-
fpsS {]h-\-sf \in-n-p-sap am{X-a IqSp-X IqSp-
X A{I-a-hm-k\ hfp hcpsapw InwKv (King) a\-n-em-n-
bn-cp-p. h hnth-N-\-tm-Sp hntZz-js Cm-sX-bm-p-
-Xn\p ]Icw AXv hn-n-p-hm DX-Ip--XmWv F hkvXp-
Xbpw Atlw a\-n-em-n. ]oUn-n-p-h - t- cmSv an-p-Xn
IqSn am{X-ta Bt{^m Ata-cn- PmXnv hn\m-i-I-c-amb ]mX
Ah-km-\n-n-p-hm kmy-amIq Fv Atlw ]dp. an-
p--Xn IqSn-bmWv \op-\np kam-[m\w Df-hm-Ip--Xv.
an-p-hm-\p \psS Ignhv hnI-kn-n-p-Ibpw AXv Imp-
]-cn-]m-en-p-Ibpw sNt--Xm-Wv. an-p-hm-\p Ignhv Cm-
-hv kvt\ln-p-hm\pw km[y-a-. \n_--\-IfpsSbpw
apIqn-bp Icm-dp-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-m-\-n i{Xp-hns\
kvt\ln-p-Xv XpS-p-hm t]mepw kmy-a-. {]tXy-Inpw
\s D]-{Z-hn-p-Ibpw thZ-\n-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p--h-tcm-Sp
_-n CXv hfsc {]m[m\yw Aln-p-p.
a \tI-p-Xv Hcp sXns `mK-ambn apdn-ths
hynI, AYhm A\o-Xnbvp ]m{X-amb hynI AYhm
]oUn--s--hcpw ]oUn-X-cp-amb hw Ch-cmWv Fv \mw Hm-
t--XmWv. sXp-sN-bvX-bm Hcp ]s a tNmZn-t-mw.
apSn-b-\mb ]p{X s]mSn-]-Sew \nd hgn-bn IqSn `mc-ap
lrZ-b-tmSp IqSn h-Xp-t]mse Ah hp a tNmZn-mw.
]s kvt\l-hm-\mb ]nXm-hn-t\-tmse, apdn-th lrZ-b-n\v
am{Xta an-p-hm km[y-am-Iq.
a Fp ]d-bp-Xv sNbvX-Xns\ ad-pI A. AXv Hcp
Ip-Ir-Xy-nt\m Zpjv{]-hr-ntm ad BIp-n. {]XypX, a
Hcp Zpjv{]-hr-ntbm Ip-Ir-Xytam aqew kw`-hn-m-hp-, hyn
50
\nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc A\p-{K-ln-pI
_--fn-ep XIsb Cm-sX-bm-p-p. Hcp ]pXnb XpS-
npw Hcp ]pXnb _-n\pw klm-b-I-c-amb Hcp LS-I-
amWv a.
\nv Rsf t{Zmln-p-hm-\p Ign-hns\, AXv kln-
p-hm-\p Ignhp sImv t\cnSpw FmWv \psS Ghpw
henb FXn-cm-fn-I-tfmSp \mw ]d-bp--Xv. _mlyhpw imco-cn-Ihpw
Bb in-Isf \mw \psS BnI in-bm t\cn-Spp.
\n-fpsS lnX-n\\pk-cnv \n R-tfmSp {]hnpI
R \nsf kvt\l-m t\cn-Spw.
R-fpsS Da a\-mnsb A\p-k-cn-p-tm \n-fpsS
A\o-Xnbvp A\p-Iqe-amb \nb-a-v Iqp-\np-hm
Rv km[y-a - . Fs-m \-tbm-Sp kl-hn-Xzhpw
Xn-tbm-Sp \n-l-I-c-Whpw BWv R-fpsS Pohn-X-ssi-en.
\n Rsf Pbn-en CSp-I-bm-sW-nepw R \nsf
kvt\ln-pw. \n-fpsS `oI-c-{]-h-Isc cm{Xn-Im-e--fn
R-fpsS `h\-fn-tev Ab-mepw Rsf XnX-bvp-
Ibpw apdn- t h- e v ] n- p- I bpw sNbv X mepw R \nsf
kvt\lnpw. IjvSX kln-bvp-hm-\p R-fpsS kl\ in-
bm R \nsf oWn-n-pw.
Hcp \m R R-fpsS kzmX{yw Ic--am-pw. ]s
AXp Rp thn am{Xw Bbn-cn-p-I-bn-. AtXm-sSmw
R \n-fpsS `b-sbpw a\-m-n-sbbpw A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnv
Ahsb kzm[o-\n-p-Ibpw \n-fn-ep hnPbw Ic--am-p-
Ibpw sNpw. As\ \n-fp-sS-ta D R-fpsS Pbw
Ccn BIpw''.
1965 - F\nv amn eqY InwKn-t\m-sSmw (Martin Luther
King) Ae-_ma (Alabama) PmY-bn t]mIp-hm\p `mKyw e`y-ambn
Fp am{X-a A\o-Xn-bvs-Xn-cmb t]mcm--n Atlw
{]Zin-n AKm-[a - mb kvt\lhpw hn\o-Xa - mb Xmgvabpw F\nv
t\cn a\-n-em-p-hm\pw A\p-`h - n-m\pw km[n-p. kl-{]-h-
I-scmw Rm Tuskegee Institute kin-p-tm-fmWv Pnn eo
PmIvk (Jimmie Lee Jackson) F buh-\-m-cs ac-W-hm
51
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
R {ihn--Xv. amcn-b\nse (Marion) Hcp tZhm-e-bs tI{o-
I-cn-p PmYsb ]ncn-p-hn-Sm-\p t]meokv ]cn-{i-a-n-\n-S-bn-
emWv PmIvk\v t]meo-kns shSn-tb--Xv. Ae-_ma (Alabama)
bnse hnhn[ ep \np t]meokv B ]-W-n hv
PmYm-bn ]s-Sp--hsc Xn NX-p.
As Ahn-Sps Incm-X-amb Ac-n-Xm-h-sb Ip-
\n--h hnh-cn-p-p. ""Nne-sh--m Ima-dm-I Xn DSbvp
Ibpw hgn-hn-f-p-I shSn-shv s]mn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B
kabw t]meokv DtZym-K- Idp h-m-cmb ]pcp-j-
mscbpw kv{XoI-sfbpw Xn NX-p. Ah-cn ]ecpw B kabw
tZhm-e-b-ns ]Sn- apv Ipn-{]mn-pI Bbn-cp-p.
Xs amXm-hns\ {Iqc-ambn t]meo-kp-Im ]oUn-n--tm
AXns CS-bvp-I-b-dn-b-Xm-bn-cpp Pnn sNbvX Ipw. hbn
_ppw Xebvv ASn-bp-am-bn-cpp t]meo-kp- \Inb in.
Pnn acn-m-dm-bn-cp-p. ASp-p tlmkv]n-e
- n Pnnv {]th-
i\w \ncm-I-cn-p. AXp-sImv Pnnsb ska (Selma) F
e- t v sImp- t ]m- b n. AhnsS Ahs IY ]{X- d n-
tmamv \Ip-hm km[np. Nne Znh-k-v tijw thnbpw {]mn-m\pw Ah-tcmSp an-p-hm\pw InwKv AhnsS
Pnn ac-W-a-S-p.
PnnbpsS acW hmv {ihn R ska (Selma)
bntev bm{X-Xn-cn-p. AhnsS Brown Chapel PnnbpsS `uXo-
Im-h-injvSw {]Zin-n--s-p. PnnbpsS apdn-hp-I ad-bvp-
hm km[n-m coXn-bn hep-Xm-bn-cp-p. Pnnv \of-n
aqp {][m\ apdn-hp-I Xe-bn Dm-bn-cpp. AXn Hscw
Xe-bpsS apI hi-mbpw Hscw sNhn-bpsS ]pd-Inepw asm-
scw Xe-tbm-n-bpsS Xmgvhi-mbpw ImW-s-p.
thZ-\-tbmSp IqSn R B {]m-\-bn ]p-sIm-p.
GI-tZiw aqhm-bn-c-tmfw t] B ip{iq-j-bn ]s-Sp-p.
AXnepw IqSp-X P\w B lmfns ]pdp IqSn \np. Ghpw
]pd-In Dm-bn-cp Hcp P\ ]mfn-bn BWv F\nv Ccn-
p-hm km[n--Xv. AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp--h-cn Bcp-sSbpw a\-
n ]I-bp-sStbm hntZz-j-n-stbm Bb hnIm-c- Dm-
bn-cp-n-. {]XypX ss[cy-nsbpw Dd-n-sbpw hnImcw BWv
52
\nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc A\p-{K-ln-pI
AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp B Iqw {]Zin-n--Xv. "Ain't gonna let nobody
turn me' round" F Km\w Ah Hcp-anp ]mSn.
AXn\v tijw, cm-aXv Hcp ip{iqj \S-n-bXv t]meokv
tk\-bpsS \nco--W-n Bbn-cp-p. ASp-p {]mtZ-inI
tImn t]meokv tk\ Ah cm{Xn-bn D]-tbm-Kn-p
{]tXyI emnbpw Bbn AWn-\n-c-p. Znh-k-v apv amc-
b\n (Marion) se Idp--h-msc XnX AtX t]meokv
kwLw Bbn-cpp AXv. CXv ImWp-hm XSnp IqSnb sh-
m-cpsS kwLhpw D]-{Z-hn-p--Xn Hpw ]pd-tIm-m-bn-cp-n-.
ss_t\m- p- t ekpw Iyma- d - I fpw Bbn R- f psS Hmtcm
\ohpw Ah \nco-n-bvp-Ibpw R-fpsS t^mtm FSp-p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. Ah-cpsS \nco-Ww hfsc Imcy--a-ambn
XpSp. R Hmtcm-cp--scbpw t\m-p-n-I-fmbn Ah
Icp-Xn.
a-sb-p-dnpw kvt\l-s-p-dnpw amn eqY InwKv
ska- t - c n- b n shv kwkm- c n- p. t]meo- k n- \ p- t h- nbpw,
Ipebmfn-Ipth-nbpw Xsf ]oUn-n-p Ghp-
IqSn-bn-cp P\--tfmSp Bh-iy-s-p. AXn-s-tijw ssII
tImp ]nSnv R Hcp-anv "We shall overcome" F Km\w
Be-]n-p. Hcn-epw ad-p-hm-\m-hm Hcp kw`hw Bbn-cpp
AXv. hntZz-j-n\pw ]I-bvpw ]nb Hcp e-am-bn-cpp AXv.
]s B hnIm-c - Hpw Xs AhnsS {]Xy-s - -n. {]tXy-
Inpw Pnn-bpsS amXm-]n-Xm- D-a-am-Xr-I-bmbn hn-p.
1965- skabnse Ipn-I a-bpsS ]m-hn hn-
-Xn-s\-p-dnv Rm hmbn-p-I-bp-m-bn. AhnsS Ah Hcp
kam-[m\ dmen kwL-Sn-n-p. B ka-bv Ahn-Sps D]-{Z-h-
Im-cn-bmb sjcn^v mv (Sheriff Clark) F t]meokv ta[mhn
hcn-I-bp-m-bn. At-lhpw At-l-ns A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw IqSn
Ahsc `b-s-Sp-p-Ibpw hncn HmSn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xsf
{]mtZ-inI Pbn-ens kao-]-tv BWv HmSn-p-Xv Fv
IpnI BZyw Nnn-p. Fm Ap-ssa Zqsc-bp {][m\
Pbn-en-tev BWv Ah Ahsc HmSn--Xv. Ah tamlm-e-ky-
53
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
s-Sp-Ibpw On-p-Ibpw sNp-Xv hsc Ahsc t]meo-kp-
Im `b-s-Spn HmSn-p-sIm-n-cp-p. Bbpn Hcn-epw Hcp
dmen-bn ]s-Sp-m-sX-hw Gh-scbpw AXn \nv shdp-
nv ]nn-cn-n-pI F-Xm-bn-cpp sjdn^v mns \bw.
Cu kw`-h-n\v tijw Ipsd Znhkw Ignv s\p-th-Z-\-
tbmsS sjcn^v mns\ tlmkv]n--en {]th-in-n-p. B
ka-bv skh-bnse kvIq Ipn-I asmcp kam-[m\ dmen
tlmkv]n--en-tev \S-n. sjdn^v mv kpJamIp--Xn\p
thn-bp {]m-\-I \S-n-b-Xn-t\m-sSmw AXn\v thn-
bp mmUp-Ifpw Ah hln-n-cp-p.
tdm_v tImkv (Robert Coles) F {]ikvX a\-im-kv{X-
\yq Hmeokv tlmkv]n-en (New Orleans Hospital)
1960I-fn {]hn ka-bv Ipn-I-fpsS an-p-hm-\p
a\-n-s\-p-dnv C{]-Imcw hnh-cn-p-p. \oXn-\ymb tImS-Xn-I-
fn hnZym-`ymk m]-\--fnse h-hn-th-N-\-n\v FXn-cmbn
\nba \namWw \S--s-p. AXn-t\mSv A\p-_-nv sh
h-m-cpsSbpw Idp h-m-cp-sSbpw Ipn-I Hcp-anv ]Tn-
p coXn-bn-ep hnZym-`ymk ]cn-jvIm-c- \Sn. sh-
m CXn-s\-Xn-cmbn {]Xn-tj[ i_vZw Dbn. Idp h-
m-cpsS Ipn-I D kvIqfp-I-fn \nv Ah X-fpsS Ipn-
Isf ]nh-en-p. Idp h-m-cpsS Ipn-I tN Nne
kvIqfp-I Ah ]nv sNbvXp. B hn[-n tImSXn D-c-
hp-I sh-m \ncp-]m-[nIw FXnp.
dq_n {_nUvPkv (Ruby Bridges) F t]cp Hcp Bt{^m Ata-
cn- (Afro American) Ipn sh h- m Xma- k n- p
es Hcp kvIqfn ]Tn-pXn\mbn tN-s-p. shfp
h-m-cpsS Ipn-Isf ]nh-en--Xn-\m B kvIqfn B Ipn
GI hnZymn Bbn-op. BgvN-I ]m-f-m B Ipnsb
kvIqfn A\p-[m-h\w sNbvXp. Hcp Znhkw ]np sNbvXn-
cp shfp hmcpsS Ak`yhj-n-S-bn IqSn ]m-
f-ns kwc-W-tbmsS kvIq A-W-n-tev IS-p-h
Ipn Nnehmp-I D-cn-p-Xv A[ym-]nI {in-p. B IY
AXv tdm_v tImt\mSv ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. FmWv kwkm-cn-
p-Xv Fv tIm (Cole) Aym-]n-I-tbmSv Bcm-p.
54
\nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc A\p-{K-ln-pI
dq_ntbmSv CXn-s\-p-dnv tNmZn--Xn\v Ah adp-]Sn \In.
""Rm sh-h-m-cmb Ipn-Ip-th-nbpw Ah-cpsS amXm-
]n-Xm-p-th-nbpw {]mn-p-p. CXn ApX kvX`vX-
\mb tIm, dq_n (Cole, Ruby) tbmSv Bcm-p. ""\o Fn\p thn
Ahp thn {]mn- Ww?''. ""Ahv Xo- b mbpw
{]m\ Bh-iy-apv''. Ah adp-]Sn \In. tbip-{In-kvXp-
hns {Iqin InS-p {]m\sbp-dnp Ah tZhm-e-b-
n {in-n-cpp. ""]nXmth Ch sNp-Xv Fv Fv Adn-
bm-bvI-bm Ch-tcmSp an-tWta''. CXv Ah-fpsS a\-n
hy-ambn ]Xn-n-cp-p.
Pbnwkv {Inssk (James Christensen)
tdmanse (Rome) {Smnv kaq-l (Trappist Monastry) -ns
{][m\n Bbn-cp Pbnwkv {Inssk (James Christensen) Ah-
cpsS A\p-`h IY hnh-cn-p-I-bp-m-bn. Xsf ]oUn-n--h-
tcmSp an-p-I F-tXm-sSmw B ]oU-\-sf AXv Dm-Ip-
-Xn\v aps Imte-Iqn ImWp-hm\pw Ahp km[n-p. 1996
sabv amkw B kaq-l-nse Ggv AwK-sf BPo-cn-bm-bn
(Algeria) bn D GIA F apnw `oIc kwL-S\ ]nSn-p-sIm-p-
t]m-bn. {^mkn XS-hn ]mn-n-cp Ah-cpsS kl-{]-h-
Isc hnp-In-W- s
- a-X
- m-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS B{K-lw. At\I BgvN-
I Ign-npw {^v Khsa v Ah-cpsS CwKn-X-n\p hg-
n-bn-. Ah-km\w B `oIc {]h-I Cu Ggp k\ym-kn-am-
scbpw h[n-p.
{^mkp apgp-h\pw Cu hm tInv sRn-hn-d-p. cmPy-
p Fm Itm-enm tZhm-e-b-fpw sIm-s {Smnv
k\ym-kn-am-cpsS Hmsb \ne-\np-hm Iq aWn-I apgn.
Cu kw`-h-s-p-dnv AXn-i-b-I-c-ambn a\-n-emnbXv kw`-
h-n\v cp hj- apv e`y-amb ap-dn-bnv BWv. APo-
dn-b k\ymk kaq-l-ns ta[mhn Bbn-cp {Iny Un
sjKn\v (Christian De Cherge) Xm sIm-sSpw F Hcp Nn
Df-hm-bn. Xs `mhn sIme-bm-fnv a \In-smv Hcp
Fgpv FgpXn Ih-dn-env ap{Z-shv Xs ac-W-tijw am{Xw Xpd-
t-Xv Fv FgpXn {^mkn D Xs amXm-hn\v AXv
\In. AXv Xmsg ]d-bp coXn-bn Bbn-cp-p.
55
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? \nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc A\p-{K-ln-pI
""Rm h[n--s-Spw. Hcp ]s AXv CmImw. Cv APo- pp. 1959 Un sjKv {^mknse ]m-f-ns `mK-ambn
cn-bm-bn Xma-kn-p GsXmcp hntZ-inpw kw`-hn-m-hp-- kam-[m\w \ne-\np--Xn\v APo-cn-b-bn-tev IS-p-sN-p.
XmWv CXv. Fs kaq-lhpw, k`bpw Fs IpSpw-_hpw Rm B ka-bv apl-Zv (Mohammed) F apow t]meo-kp-Im-c-
ssZh-np thnbpw APo-cnb cmPy-n\p thnbpw _en- s\mw hf-sc-b-[nIw kabw Nne-hn-tSn hp. BgvN-I-tfmfw
bn--sp Fv Hmp-I. AtXm-sSmw Xs cn-Xm-hmb \op-\n Ah-cpsS _-n ssZh-imkv{Xw, cmjv{Sob aoamw-
tbip {InkvXphpw CXp-t]mse Hcp A\p-`-h-n IqSn IS-p- k-I, kwkvmcw Cs\ hnhn[ hnj-b--fn N-Ifpw
t]m-bn Fv Nnn-p-I. kwhm-Z-fpw Dsm-n-cp-p. Cu kw`m-jW thf-I-fn
Fs D]-{Z-hn-p--h-scbpw Fs h[n-p-hm Hcp-p--h- hopw hopw s]mn-h Hcp hnj-b-amWv APo-cn-bbnse
scbpw Rm ssZh ka--n kan-p-p. ssZhoI a ss{IkvXh apnw _w, {]tXy-Inpw {^p-Im-cmb {InkvXym-
Ahv e`y-am-I-W-sav Rm B{K-ln-p-Ibpw AXn-\p-thn \n-Ifpw kztZ-in-If- mb APo-cn-b apnw-Ifpw Xn-ep _w.
{]mn-pbpw sNp-p. Ah Hcp-an-p Hcp khm-cn-th-f-bn APo-cn-b hn-h-Im-cn-
CXp-t]mse Hcp ac-W-n\v Rm B{K-ln-p-n-. Rm I Ahsc t\cnp. {^v ]mf thj[mcn Bbn-cp Un jKv
kvt\ln-p APo-cn-b P\X Fs ac-W-s-p-dnv AXn- sIm-sSpw FXv Dd-m-bn-cp-p. Fm apl-Zv F apnw
bmbn hyk-\n-p--Xn Rm Fs\ ktm-jnpw? t]meo-kp-Im-c Ah-cpsS a[y-n Ibdn \nv Un jKv Hcp
ssZhnI a\p-jy-\m-sWp ]d-p. Ap-X-I-c-sap ]d-bs
Rm BZi-hm-Znbpw {]mtbm-KnIX Cm--h\pw BWv cp-t]-scbpw \ncp-]m-[nIw Ah hn-b-p. Fm apl-Zn\v
Fv Nnn-p--hv Fs acWw GXp hn[-n Dcw Xs PohnXw _en-bn-tn hp. ]ns Znhkw apl-Zv
\Ipw. ""Fs PohnXw \jvS-am-Ip--Xn IqSn Rm ssZh- sIm-s \ne-bn sXcp-hn InS-p.
n\v kvtXm{Xw An-p-p.'' ]s CXv Ah a\-n-em--
Ww. AXm-bXv Fs PohnXw \jvS-am-b-Xn Rm ssZhs Cu kw`hw Un sjKns a\-n hep-Xmb hyXn-bm-\-
kvXpXn-p-p. Rm kvtXm{Xw Itc-p B Pohn-X-n hcp-n. ssZh-n-\p-th-nbpw kam-[m-\-n\p thnbpw
\nfpw ]p-h-ln-p-p. sNp-Xv Fv Fv Adn-hm ]mSn- Xs Pohn-Xs kan-p-hm Un sjKv De Cherge Xocp-am-
m Fs Pohn-X-nse Ah-km\ kvt\ln-X-\mbn Rm \np. Xs ]m-f-tk-h\ Imem-h[n Ah-km-\n Ah-k-c-n
\nsf IW-m-p-p. \nsf Rm ]q-ambn ssZh-k-n- Atlw {Smnv k\ymk kaq-l-n tNp. AXn-\p-tijw
[n-bn kan-p-p. ssZh-ns apJw Rm \n-fn Zin- IqSp-X ]Tnv Hcp sshZoI-\mbnocp-Ibpw Xs APo-cn-b-
p-p. kz-n \apv At\ym\yw Ip-apmw Fv Rm bn-tev Ab-W - s - av Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Bhiyw
{]Xym-in-p-p. ]nXm-hmb ssZh-k-n-[n-bn ]dp-Zo-k-bnse AwKo-I-cnv At-ls APo-cn-bm-bn-tev Abp. Ime-{I-a-
AXns A\p-`-h-n ktm-jnv ]nXm-hmb ssZh-tm-sSmw n Atlw B{^n--bnse Avekv ]-X-\n-c-I-fnse Hcp
\apv Hcp-anv hknmw Fv Rm {]Xym-in-p-p.'' Unkv{Sn-Ivns Xe-h-\mbnocp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Bcm-bn-cpp Un jKv? De Cherge? At-l-ns kam-[m-\- kphn-ti-jo-I-cWw F-Xn D]-cn-bmbn sXmgn]--Xn-I
nsbpw a-bp-sSbpw in-sb-p-dn-p AKm-[-amb Dd-p- sshZy-k-lm-bw, hnZym-`ymkw Fo-th-e-I-fn-ep ]ptcm-K-a-\-n-
I-fpsS Dd-hnSw Fhn-sS-bmWv nXn sNbvXXv? \mbn Atlw bXv\n-p. Hcp hmjnI {InkvXy apnw
aonwKpw Atlw kwL-Sn-np. At-l-ns k\ym-k-a-T-n
'The Monks of Tibbirine' F ]pkvX-I-n Cu kw`-h-s-p-
apnw ktlm-Z-c-sf Wn-p-Ibpw Xma-kn-p-hm A\p-h-Zn-
dnpw Un jKn (De Charge) s\p-dnpw C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Sp-
56 57
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? \nsf ]oUn-n-p-h
- sc A\p-{K-ln-pI
p-Ibpw sNbvXp. apnw-Ifpw {InkvXym-\n-Ifpw Hcp-anp Htc ssZh-
ns Iogn Hcp-anv ktlm-Z-c-fmbn hn-pp F-
Xns kmy-ambn Un sjKv De cherge {]hn-p. PohnX
bmYmy--fp-ambn k\ymk kaq-l-ns Xe-h F \ne-
bn ]pXp-a-bp ]eXpw XpS-p-hm De cherge Xm-dmbn. k`m
tI{-ns hne-bn-cp-ep-If - n Akm-[m-cW- hpw A]-IS- I- c
- hpw
Bbn-cpp Ah-bn ]e-Xpw.
Znh-tk-\-bp bmYmy--fp-sS-bn-S-bn {]hn-p--
XmWv bYm {InkvXob kmyw Fv Atlw temIs
Adn-bn-p.
Fm Imem- - c - n Un sjKns Cu kam- [ m\
bs GIA Ah-cpsS hnh Nnm-KX - n-If
- psS ]m-e - - n
FXnp-hm XpS-n. {Smnv k\ymk kaqlw Ah-cpsS Nnm-
K-Xn-Ipw {]h-\ - pw Hcp hne-p-XS- n-bmbn GIA IcpXn.
CXns ]m--e-n GIA {Smnv kaq-l-nse AwK-sf
_n-I-fm-p-Ibpw Ah-km\w Ahsc h[n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Un sjKns\bpw k\ymkn kaq-l-nte at-h-scbpw h[n-
Xv apnw-I-fpsS `oI-c-{]-h-\-ambn \nc-h[n t] hn[n-sb-gp-
Xn. ]s kam-[m-\-n\p thn \tI-p hne-bmbn Un
sjKv Xs ac-Ws apIqn Ip. ZoL--a-bpsS Da
amXrI temI-sapw \Ip Hcp kw`-h-ambn Rm AXns\
Icp-Xp-p. ]mmXy {InkvXob temI-hpw, Cdm-v, A^vKm-\n-
m, APo-cnb apX-emb e--fnse apnw-Ifpw Xn
bpw sNp-tm, kam-[m-\-n-\p-thn t]mcm-Sp-hm\pw acn-
p-hm\pw Xm-dm-Ip--h F{X t]cp-v. Xo-bmbpw Un sjKv
De Cherge AXn-sem-cp-h-\m-bn-cp-p.

58
an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]X
- p-{]m-h-iytam? atbm \oXntbm?

A[ymbw 5
atbm \oXntbm?
kvt\l-an-m kXyw \mi-I-c-amIpw
kXy-an-m kvt\lw Ak-Xy-amIpw
EBERHARD ARNOLD
aqmw A-[ym-b-n hnh-cn--s Hela - Joseph Z-Xn-I-fpsS
A\p-`-h-v Xpey-amb A\p-`-h--fn- IqSn IS-p-t]mb
asmcp ]cn- N - b - m- c - \ mWv bn{km- t bImc- \ mb tUhn- U v .
Fm Cu A\p-`h IY ap Nne kwK-Xn-I-fn-tev hnc
Nqp--Xm-Wv. abvv AXn hc-p-I-fptm?
""Rm 1929 P\n-bnse KasseI F ep P\n-p.
AXv temI-sapw AXn-Z-b-\o-b-amb coXn-bn-ep Hcp km-
oI {]Xn-kn Df-hm-nb hj-am-bn-cpp. P-\n-bn \mkn-
I-fpsS Zp`-c-W-n-tev Cu {]Xn-kn \bn-p-I-bp-mbn.
Fs amXmhv A[ym-]-\-hr-nbnepw ]nXmhv ]{X-{]-h-\-
nepw Gs-ncpp. km-n-I-ambn R-fpsS IpSpw_w \
Ahbn Bbn-cp-p. R-fpsS IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw Ghpw
kp-jvShpw Bbn-cp-p. B ka-b - mWv ^mkn-k - ns Imta-
L-]-S-e- kaql Pohn-X-n Ae-b-Sn-m XpS-n-b-Xv.
ap ]e blq-Z-msctmse Xs Fs ]nXmhpw \mkn-I-
fpsS Nnm- K - X n- I sf Imcyamb Kuc- h - t msS FSp- n- .
kmwkvIm-cnI Hu-Xy-ap P P\X Fs\ A{]-Im-c-
ap Nn-Iv hiw-h-Z-cmIpw? lnve A[n-Im-c-n h-
tm P-\n-bn \nv amdn-m-a-kn-p-hm RfpsS ]e-
kvt\-ln-Xcpw Fs amXm-]n-Xm-sf D]-tZ-in-p.
CXns\ XpSv Hmw temI-a-lm-bp--n P-\np
thn t]mcm-Snb Fs ]nXmhv Xm P\n-p-hf - Cu ep
\nv hnS-hm-n. A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX Fs amXmhpw Rm\pw
]nXm-hns\ A\p-K-an-p. {^v AXnn-bn-ep {mkv_Kv
(Strasburg) F ev R Hcp-anp IqSn tNp. R-
59
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? atbm \oXntbm?
fpsS hI-bm-bp-m-bn-cp Npcpw Nne km[-\- am{X-amWv Ah-km\w Fs amXm-]n-Xm- ]nd-\okv (Pyrenes) ]-X-
R sImp t]mb-Xv. R ]cn-N-bn-n-cp PohnX coXn \n-c-I-fpsS apI-fn IqSn kvs]-bn\n-tev c-s]-S-W-sav Xocp-
As\ ]cn-]q-ambn Ah-km-\n-p. ]uc-Xzhpw Ah-Im-i- am-\n-p. ap-\n-d ae-bn-Sp-p-I-fn-eqsS \Sv aqv Znhkw
fpw Cm `h-\-c-ln-X-cmb blq-Z-k-aq-l-ns `mK-ambn Ignv kv]m\njv t]meokv Ahsc ]nSn-Iq-Sn. `mKy-h-im Ah
Rfpw Ae-p-Xn-cn-p. Rsf t]mIp-hm A\p-h-Zn-p. ]Xn-\m-bn-c-tmfw blq-Z-m
aqp hbp am{Xw {]mbw Dm-bn-cp F\nv CsXm-sbpw BWv Av A\-[n-Ir-X-ambn kvs]bn-\n {]th-in--Xv. {^mkn-
ck-I-c-ambn A\p-`-h-s-p. ]pXnb `mjbpw ]pXnb coXn-Ifpw tev Rsf Xncn--b-n-cp-s-n R h[n--s-Sp-am-bn-
thK-n ]Tn-p--Xn-s\mw ]pXnb kvt\ln-X-scbpw F\nv cp-p.
e`n-p. Hcp hj-n-\p-tijw AhnsS \npw hopw amdn AXn-\p-tijw Ktdm-W (Gerona) t]meokv tj-\n R
Xma-kn-tn hp. P A`-bmnI F\v\ \ne-bn cmbn thXn-cn-s - -p. Miranda - Del - Ebro F es Iymn-
AXnn {]tZ-i--fn Rsf kpc-n-X {]iv\--fmbn Icp- tev Fs ]nXm-hns\ amn-mn--tm Fs amXm-hns\
X-s-p. Bb-Xn-\m thmkvPkv (Vosges) F es Hcp Ahn-sS--s-bp Hcp Pbn-en Bn. Fm Rm Ahn-
{Kma-n-tev R am-s-p. Hcp ]pXnb `mjbpw Hcp ]pXnb S-\nsb Ign-tb-p kml-N-cy-am-bn-cp-p. XWp-p-hn-d--
tPmenbpw Fs amXm-]n-Xm-v ]Tn-tn hp. Hcp ]pXnb en Hcp apdn-bn GI-\mbn Ign-tb-n-h B Ah--bn
kwkvIm-c-n t\cs Dm-bn-cp PohnX kuI-cy- Fs amXm-]n-Xm- F\nv F-t-p-ambn \jvS-sp Fv
CmsX ZpjvIc kml-N-cy--fn Rv Pohn-tnbpw Rm Nnn-p. Fm ]ns-Zn-hkw cmhnse Xs Fs Ipn-
hp. Ip-th-n-bp Hcp kt-X-n-tev amn-mnp Fnepw
Hcp hj-n-\p-tijw Fs amXmhv {]hn-n-cp ^mIvS- AXv F\nv bmsXmcp t{]mm-l-\hpw \In-bn-. Fm blqZ
dnv Xo ]nSnXn\m Rv hopw amdn Xma-kn-t-- _me-mpw 13 hb-p-Xn-I-bp-tm \S-t-n-bn-cp _m
Xmbn hp. amgvskbn (Maresille) F e-t-mWv R anvkz (Bar - Mitzwah)F Iw F\nv \jvSambn.
t]mb-Xv. Ahn-sSbpw Fs amXm-]n-Xm-v hfsc ]cn-an-X-- Ipsd amk-v tijw Fs A-tbm-sSmw Xma-kn-p-
fmb kuI-cy--fmWv e`y-am-b-Xv. ]mn-S- Rv ]e- hm F\nv A\p-hmZw e`n-p. am-{Un-Unse (Madrid) Hcp XS-hn-
tmgpw amtdn bncpp. AtXm-sSmw Xs F\nv kvIqfp- tev Rsf amp-I-bp-m-bn. 1944 bp-n-p-tijw am{X-
Ifpw kvt\ln-Xcpw amdnsmn-cp-p. \op-\np _- amWv blq-Z-]p-\-c-[n-hm-k-n-\p-th-n-bp Hcp kaq-l-ns
sfpw Xs Dm-p-hm F\nv km[n-n-. klm-b-m R Fm-hcpw kwtbm-Pn-n--s-Xv. AXn-
AXn-\p-tijw cmw temI-a-lm-bpw s]mn-p-d-s-p. Dm- \p-tijw R ]e-kvXo-\n-tev Xmakw amp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
bn-cp kml-N-cy- t]mepw inYn-e-am-bn-cp-p. Rm hopw PImcn \npw Fs IpSpw-_mw-K - pw Fs kql-
kml-N-cy-v A]-cn-Nn-X-\m-bn-op. Rm Xma-kn-p- n\pw e`n ]oU-\- hfsc Bbn-cp-p-sh-nepw Ah-cpsS
nSv Hcp ]c-tZin F m\w am{X-amWv F\nv e`n-Xv. ]q-N-cn-{X-nepw kwkvIm-c-nepw F\nv Xmev]-cyhpw A`n-
P ]mfw {^mkv B{I-anv ]nSn-s-Sp-p. CXns\ XpSv am-\hpw Dm-bn-cp-p. Bb-Xn-\m D-a-cmb PImcp-ambn
lnvedns Kmtm (Gestapo) ]e-scbpw Adv sNbvXp. R _- ]p\-m-]n-p-hm Rm {ian-p. ]s 15 ew
Xma-kn-n-cp Amvsapw Fs amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS _nkn- inip- DsS 60 ew blq-Z-msc D]-{Z-hn-p-Ibpw \in-
\pw Ah ]nSn-s-Sp-p. {^v kvt\ln-X-cpsS klm-b- n-p-Ibpw sNbvX \mkn-I-tfmSpw Ah-cpsS A\p-bm-bn-I-tfmSpw
tmSpIqSn R Hfn-hn t]mIp-Ibpw sNbvXp. an-p-hm Fns\ km[n-pw?
60 61
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]X
- p-{]m-h-iytam?
a FXv A-amb hntZz-j-sbpw {]Xn-Im-tc-O-sbbpw
Cm-sX-bm-pI F-Xm-sW-n AXv kmy-am-Wv. \n-lm-b-
cmbn X-fpsS {]Xn-tj[ i_vZ-sf Dbp-hm kmy-a-
m--h-tcmSp an-pI FXv Ffp--am-Wv. ]s \mkn-I
DWnb `oI-c-hm-Z-sbpw Ah-cpsS `c-W-nse {Iqc-X-I-
sfbpw FXnv kwkm-cn-p--Xn\v ss[cyw AXym-h-iy-am-Wv.
a\p-jys Ncn-{X-n \S-n-bn-pXntepw AXn-lo-\-amb
\c-l-Xybvv F{]-Imcw a e`y-am-Ipw?
lnve-tcmSpw Abm-fpsS Iqm-fn-I-fmb P\-dam-tcmSpw an-
pI FXv kmy-amtWm? AXn-lo-\-amb coXn-bn ]oUn-n-
p-I-bpw, shSn-shpw Kymkv apdn-p-n ASpw ]pcp-j-m-
scbpw kv{XoI-sfbpw Ipp--sfbpw h[n-p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-
tcmSv Fn- s \- b mWv a Imt- - X v . a- b v v AXnh- c -
pIfnt?
Xs IpSpw-_mw-K--sfbpw kaq-l-sbpw \in-n--h-tcm-Sp
sshcm-Ky-s-m D]-cn-bmbn Ah-tcm-Sp a Ah-cpsS {]h-
- \ - n- \ p AwKo- I - c - a mbn amdptam F `bw BWv
tUhnUns tNmZy-n Aeo-\-am-bn-cn-p--Xv. CXp-t]m-
se-bp {Iqc-X-I hcm-Xn-cn-p--Xn\p thn {]hn-pI
AmsX IpIr-Xy- \S-n-b-h-cpsS D-c-hm-Zn-Xz--fn
\npw Ah-cpsS ]m]-`m-c--fn \npw hnSp-X \Ip-hm
AXn-\n-c-bm-b-hv km[y-a-. AXn\p apXn-cm-Xn-cn-p-I-bmWv
\-Xv. lnve-dns\tmse Hcm-fpsS a\p-jy-Pm-Xn-bvs-Xn-cm-bp
Ip-Ir-Xy-sf \ncp-]m-[nIw Cm-sX-bm-p-hm Bpw km[n-
pw. Fm a FXv Ip-Ir-Xy-v A\p-Iq-e-amtbm
Ah-bpsS `oI-c-Xz-sbpw {]h-\--sfbpw km[q-I-cn-p-
tXm A.
1947- cmw temI-a-lm-bp--Im-es `oI-c-X-I-fpsS X\n-
\ndw ]pdp hcp--Xn\p aps kn.-F-v. eqbnkv (C.S. Lewis) C{]-
Imcw Fgp-Xn ""a FXpw Ip-hn-apn \IpI FXpw
hyXy- - f - mb cp kwK-Xn-If - m-Wv.'' X sNp {]h-
\-sf km[q-I-cn-m-\mWv km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn Ghcpw {ian-p-
-Xv. Fsnepw sXp sNbvXmepw AXn-s\-a-d-p-sh-bvp-hm
Xmev]-cy-s-SpI F-XmWv a\p-jy-kz-`m-hw. X BPvR-I
62
atbm \oXntbm?
A\p-k-cn am{Xta sNbvXn-pp FmWv \mkn-I ]d-bp-
Xv. a Bh-iy-s-Sp--Xn\p]Icw X-fpsS {]h-\-
v \ymbo-Ic - W
- - fpw \oXn-Ic - W
-
- fpw Ah Is-pp.
kn.-F-v. eqbnkv (C.S. Lewis) C{]-Imcw XpS-cpp ""Hcp-h-\n Ipw
C Fn an-p-hm\pw Hpw C. B Xe-n a
FXpw Ip-hn-tem-]\w FXpw XnIpw hyXy---fm-Wv.''
]m]s bYm-ambn a\-n-em-p--Xm-Wv, a-bpsS
{][m\ LS-Iw. AXn Dsm-p `oI-c-Xbpw Aip-n-bpw,
\oN-Xzhpw a\-n-em-n. AXv {]hn--h-tcmSp AXnepw D]-cn-
bmbn hn-p--Xn IqSn-bmWv a {]k--am-Ip--Xv.
tdms_tm tdmUvdn-sKkv (Roberto Rodriguez)
temkv B-temkv (Los Angeles) t]meokv Hcp bphm-hns\
an-p t^mtm FSp-p-hm tdm_tm tdmUvdn-sKkv (Roberto
Rodriguez) Xbm-dm-bn. Fm n{] thK-n t]meokv DZym-K-
tdmt_tm (Roberto) sbbpw B{I-an-p. AXn-s\-Xp-Sv
Xe-s]mn Abm tlmkv]nen AI-sp Fp am{X-a
t]meokv DtZym-K--msc h[n-p-hm {ianp F Ipm-tcm-
]Ww \Sn Abmsf Pbn-en AS-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Hcp ]{X-{]-h-I-\m-bn-cp tdmt_tm (Roberto) \nb-a-]-c-
ambn {]Xn-I-cnp \o Ggp-hj-n-\p-tijw B \nba bp-
n hnPbw ssIh-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]s AXns ]cn-
Wn-X-^-e-ambn Abm t]meo-kns Hcp t\m-pn Bbn-o-
p.
Cu \o ]cn-{i-a-nnS-bn Hcp kabw Ah ssIhn-e-
p-shv Hcp _p-ambn _n-nv AXn-\p-ap-I-fn-embn t]m-eo-
kp-am-bp Fs \o \nb-ab - p-s
- -p-dn-p Hcp teJ-\hpw
]Shpw apI-fn ]Xn-p. AXnse IS-p-t]mb t]meokv DtZym-K-
-mv Fs Nn{Xw Hmp--Xn-\p-th-n-bmWv Ah AXv
sNbvX-Xv. Ah Bcpw Fs ad-n-. XpSp hj--fn
Ah \nc-cw Fs ieyw sNbvXp. Adp-]Xp {]mhiyw Ah
Fs Adp sNbvXp.
a-sb-p-dnv Btem-Nn-p-tm tdmt_tmbvv \nc-h[n
tNmZy--fpw AtXm-sSmw Xs D-c--fpw Dv.
63
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
""\n a-sb-p-dnv FtmSp kwkm-cn-p-pthm? Fs
ITn-\-ambn tZtlm-]-{Zhw Gev]n t]meokv DtZym-K--m-tcmSv
Rm an--Wtam? ]mXn-cm-{Xn-bn Fs Ah-km\ \nan-j-
-fn-tev Fs sImp-t]m-Ipp Fv Fs hniz-knnm
{ian Ah-tcmSv Fn\p Rm an-Ww? bmsXmcp Xc-n-
ep klm-b-l-kvX-fpw \om cmjv{So-b-t\-Xm--tfmSpw
Fs Hcp Ip-hmfn Bbn Nn{Xo-I-cn ]{X-{]-h-I-tcmSpw
Rm an--Wtam? tImS-Xn-bn tIkp-hm-Zn-pXn\v cp
Znhkw aps Fs Dt]-n-p-t]mb ho a Aln-p-
pthm?
hntZz-jw, ]I, tIm]w Ch a\-n shp ]pen-bm
a\p-jyXzw \n \nv AI-p-t]m-Ipw. Cu hnIm-c- \psS
Pohn-Xs kzm[o-\n-pw. {]tXy-Inv {Iqchpw ITn-\hpw Bb
coXn-bn Hcmv Xw Gevp-tm Cu Xc-n-ep hnIm-
c--fn \npw kuJyw {]m]n-pI Am-[y-am-bn-o-cpw.
Fm bYm-a-\p-jy-Xz-n-te-mWv \mw Kan-t--Xv.
1998 se Fs P-Zn\n Rm AXn-\p-th-n-bp At\z-
jWw Bcw-`n-p. Ipsd amk-p-tijw Rm Nn{X-c-N-\-bn
Gs-p. AXn-\p-tijw Rm Fgp-Xp-hm XpS-n. Ah-km\w
Rm a\p-jy-Xz-n-tev Xncn-p-h-cp-hm XpS-n.
Fs am\-ko-Im-Lm-X-n \nv ]q-ambpw Rm hnap-
-\ Fnepw F\nv ]pn-cn-p-hm\pw Pohn-X-n ktm-
jn-m\pw km[n-p-p. ap--hsc Nncn-n-p-hm\pw F\nv Ign-
bp-p. hr-kZ- \-
- f
- nepw apw ]mp-]mSn ktm-jn-n-p-X
F\nv km[n-p-pv. {]m-\-bn IqSnbpw [ym\-n
IqSnbpw BWv Cu nXn-bn-tev Rm aS-n-h--Xv.
Ata-cn--bnse Idp \nd-ap--hv \oXn-\ymb hIp-p-I-
fn \nv \nc-cw tamihpw {Iqc-hp-amb s]cp-am-- e`n-p-
p-sh-nepw Fm-hpw tdm_tm (Roberto) sbtmse \oXn
e`n-p-n. Xsf D]-{Z-hn--h-tcmSv Ah-cpsS a Imt--
Xptm? Ahcpw a Im-W-sa--mWv tdm_tm (Roberto) A`n-
{]m-b-s-Sp--Xv.
64
atbm \oXntbm?
""Hmtcm hjhpw Ata-cn--bpsS hnhn[ `mK--fn CXp-t]m-
se-bp s]cp-am-- Df-hm-Ip--Xn-\m {]tXy-Inpw {Iqc-amb
aZ-\-fpw A\m-h-iy-amb XS-hp-in--Ifpw ]epw e`n-p-
-Xn-\m AXn-s\-p-dn-p FXnp-I [mcm-f-ambn \ne-hn-
en-cn-p-p. Ftm thW-sa-nepw s]mn-s-dn-p-hm kmy-
X-bp t_mw_p t]mse-bmWv ]ecpw Pohn-p--Xv. hntZz-jhpw
{]Xn-Im-tc-bpw AhcpsSbp-n \ndp Ihn-bp-p. 1992
tdmUv\n InwKv (Rodney King) tIkns hn[n-bvp-tijw CXmWv
kw`-hn--Xv. Ap-mb Xc-n-ep s]mn-s-dn- Ghpw
IqSp-X tZmjw sNp-Xv Ahp Xs Bbn-cnpw''.
CXv hyn-]-c-amb {]iv\-s-m kmaq-ly-]-c-amb Hcp
{]iv\-am-Wv. A\n-b-n-X-amb Hcp ]I hym[n t]mse-bmWv
CXv. a FXv Cu {]iv\-n\v ]cn-lm-c-am-hp-I-bn- Fnepw
AXv kaq-l-ns \ne-\n-ev]n\pw hfbvpw Hcp Bh-iy-
LS-Ia - m-Wv. am-]W
-
- n\v Imp-\nmsX an-pI FXv
kzw kuJy-n\pw A`n-hr-npw {Inbm--I-Xbvpw Bh-
iy-am-Wv. A\o-Xn-bvs-Xnsc I-Sp bmsXm-cp-hn-[-nepw {]Xn-
I- c n- cpXv F CXp- s Imv A- a m- t - - X v . tIm]w,
hntZzjw, ssIv, Chsb AI-n, a\p-jyXzw ssIsh-Sn-bmsX X-
fpsS Ah-Im-i-v thn hmZn-t--Xm-Wv.
hy-ambn ]d-m, {Iqc-ambn hn Hcm-tfmSp a
Imp--Xn IqSn a\p-jy-Xz-]-c-ambn s]cp-am-dp-hm Ahsc klm-
bn-p-I-bm-bn-cnpw sNp--Xv. Fm CXv `mKo-I-amb Hcp
- n\pw Dcw am{X-am-Wv. kaql Pohn-X-n ap--hsc AXn-{Iq-c-
ambn D]-{Z-hn-p-Ibpw ap lo\-{]-hn-I sNp-Ibpw sNp-
-hv a e`y-am-Ip--Xn\pw Fm AXn-t\-m IqSp-X-
embn Ah AXv hopw sNm-Xn-cn-p--Xn-\p am-
Ah-ew-_n-t--Xpam-Wv. Ah-cpsS tcmK-\n-hm-c-W-n\v thXv
sNt-Xv AXym-h-iy-am-Wv. kzw Zpcm-m-sf AI-msX
Ahv bYm kuJyhpw kam-[m-\hpw e`y-am-I-bn-.
_n NmUvhnv (Bill Chadwick)
IpSnv en-msX Hcp ssUh HmSn temdn CSnv Xs
]p{X-\mb ssa (Michael) AIme Ncaw {]m]n--Xn \oXn
e`y-am-I-W-sap eqbn-kn-bm-\m-bnse Hcp _nkn-\-p-Im-c-\mb
65
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]X
- p-{]m-h-iytam?
_n NmUvhnIv (Bill Chadwick) B{K-ln-p. Fm tdm_tmbpsS
(Roberto) A\p-`-h-n-se--t]mse \oXn e`y-am-IpXp sImv
th ^ew e`n-p-n Fv Abmv t_m[y-am-bn.
""Fs ]p{X ssa (Michael) 1993 HIvtSm-_ amkw 23-mw
XobXn Hcp Imd-]-I-S-n sIm-s-p. ]pd-In-es kon
Ccp Ahs D-a-kp-lrpw sIm-s-p. Fm aZy-]nv
a-\mbn B hml\w HmSn-n-cp ss{Uh sNdp-ap-dn-hp-I-tfmsS
c-s-p. hml-\m-]-I-S-n-\p tIkv am{Xta B ss{Uh-dn
Btcm]n-n-cp-p-q. ssafn (Michael) s c-n aZymwiw
hfsc \ma-am-{X-am-bn-cp-p-sh-n kvt\ln-Xs c-n Hpw-
Xs Cm-bn-cpp.
\oXn-bpsS N{Iw hfsc kmh-[m-\ - n-emWv Nen-p-X- v. tIkv
hnNm-c-WbvsSp-p--Xn\p Xs Hcp hj-n ]cw Ime-
Xm-akw t\cn-p. tIsk-Sp--Xn-\p-tijw hnNm-c-W-I \op-\o-
p-t]m-bn. {]Xn-bmb ss{Uh-dpsS ho B-tlm ]co-
-Ws Ah-K-Wn-p-hm {ian-p. ]s AXv ^e-{]-Z-am-bn.
Ah-km\w Xm Ip-m-c-\mWv Fv k-Xn-p-hm Abm
{ianp. AXns\ XpSv Abmsf Bdp-hjw XShv inbvv
hn[n-p.
Rv Abmsf D]-{Z-hn--W-sa-n-m-bn-cp-p. Ah
sNbvXX - n\v in A\p-`h - n-W
- s
- av Rm B{K-ln-p. Fm
Ahs A-bn \npw, Rm Ah\v ITn\ in-I \Ip-
hm {ian-pp F coXn-bn tami-amb Hcp Fgpv e`n-p.
ssa (Michael) HmSnv Ah-cpsS ]p{X acn-p-I-bm-bncp-psh-
n {]Xn-Imc _pn-tbmSp IqSn Ah {]hn-p-I-bn-m-bn-
cp-p Fpw B Fgp-n Dsm-n-n-cp-p. Ah-cpsS aI
acnp Ign-m am{Xta Ah Fp-sNpw Fp sNp-I-
bn F hn[-n Nnn-p-hm kmy-amIq Fv Rm
AXn\p adp-]Sn \In.
Ah-km\w Ah-cpsS ]p{X\v Bdp-amkw XShpw Bdp hjw
]tcmfpw e`y-am-bn. AXm-bXv Bdp-am-k - n-\Iw Ah-cpsS ]p{Xs\
Ahv Xncnv e`n-p. Fm R-fpsS ]p{Xs\ Rv
aS-n-e-`n-n-.
66
atbm \oXntbm?
aZy-]m-\n-bmb ss{Uhv in-e-`n-p-tm \oXn \n-
ln--sSpw Fv Rm {]Xm-in-p. Fm AXv \nc-Im-
aWv Fv ]noSv a-{X-amWv a\-n-em-n-b-Xv. km[m-cW KXn-
bn {]Xnv in e`n-p-tm hmZn-bpsS thZ-\bvv Hcp
sNdnb ia\w DmIpw FmWv IW-m-p--Xv. Hcp Xc-n-
ep Hcp \oXn. thZ-\-Iv eLp-hmb Hcp ia-\w. Ime-{I-
taW thZ-\-I CmsXbmIp-sa \nK-a-\-hpw. ssafns ac-
W-n-\p-tijw CXp-t]m-se-bp \nc-h[n t]sc ImWp-hm-\n-S-
bm-bn.
Xo-bmbpw B ss{Uh-dpsS {]hr-n-bn Rm tIm]n-jvS-
\m-Wv. B cm{Xn-bn Xo-bmbpw Abm sXmb \nc-h[n
Xocp-am-\- FSp-p-I-bp-m-bn. kzw Poh\pXsbpw hne-
I-ev]n-n. Cu Xc-n-ep tIm]m-Ipeamb Nn-I-fp-am-bn-cpp
Rm Znh-k- Xn \on. Fm hn[n \S-mn Ign-
npw Fs a\-n\v imX e`n-n-. Fs Bm-hn\v Hcp
hn Df-hm-bn-cp-p. bmsXmp sImpw AXv AS-bvp-hm
km-[n-n.
Ipsd \m Ign--Xn-\p-tijw am{X-amWv Fs a\-n
bYm shfnw hoin-b-Xv. B ss{Uh-tdmSp ]q-ambpw an-
pI F-Xp-am-{X-amWv bYm D-cw. an-pI FXv
DchmZn-Xz-n \nv Hgn-bpI F-Xn \nv hyXy-amWv.
Fm Rm Abm-tfmSp an-t-n-bn-cn-p-p. Abmv
Fp Xs in sImSp-mepw AXv IqSp-X-em-I-bn-. ]s
AXp-sImv Fs thZ\ Cm-sX-bm-Ip-n-. B thZ\ Cms-
sX-bm-I-W-sa-n Rm B hyn-tbmSv an--Ww. B Hcp
{]{In-b-bn IqSn Rm ISp t]mI-Ww. Abm Fp Xs
sNbvXmepw Fn hy-Xymkw Df-hm-I-Ww.
abntev D Ka\w \oXpw thZ-\m-P\ - I
- hpw Bbncpp.
B ss{Uh-tdmSp am{X-a Rm a-Im-t--Xv. ssafnt\mSpw
ssZh-tmSpw (A-s\ kw`-hn-m A\p-h-Zn--Xn) FtmSp
Xsbpw Rm an-t--Xm-Wv. FtmSp Xs an-pI
F-XmWv Ghpw hnj-a-I-c-am-bp--Xv. aZyw Dn Ign--Xn-\p-
tijw ssafns\ Rm Xs Imdn ]e- - e - - f nepw
sImp t]mbn-p-v. FtmSp Xs-bp a FXv Ghpw
67
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? atbm \oXntbm?
ITn-\-amb Hcp ]mT-am-Wv. ap-hy-n-I-tfm-Sp Fs tIm]w Dv Fp hcn-Inepw Ahv kuJyw e`y-am-Ip-I-bn FmWv
bYm-n Fs `b--fn ASn-m-\-s-p--Xm-Wv. Fs Fs lrZbw FtmSp ]d-bp--Xv. am{X-a {]iv\- IqSp-
kz-Ip-- Rm ap--h-cn Btcm-]n-p-hm {ianp X ko-am-IpI FXmbn-cnpw AXns ]cn-Wn-X-^-ew.
ss{Uh, tImS-Xn, ssZhw, ssa As\ ]ecpw. Fs tacn t^mfn (Mary Foley)
s t\mp--Xn\v Rm aSn-p. Fs ]m-fnw a\-kn-em-
tacn t^mfn (Mary Foley) F {_nojvImcn-bpsS IY CXn
msX Fs Nnm-K-Xnbvv hyXymkw Dm-I-bn- Fv Rm
\nv hn`n--amWv. jmev (Charlotte) F Ah-cpsS Ipn bphm-
a\-n-em-n.
Xn-ep cq-amb {]iv\--fm ac-W-a-S-p. 2005
CXmWv Rm ]Tn ]mTw. a-bn IqSn-bmWv C-s\-bp G{]n amkw \S Hcp P-Zn-\m-tLmj thf-bn-emWv amc-I-
Hcp kw`hw Ah-km-\n-n-t--Xv. an-p-hm-\p in amb apdnhv Ahv G-Xv.
]pdp \n Dn \nmWv e`y-am-tI-Xv \p-tSXp t]mse
B ]mn-bn ]s-Sp-p-hm jmev (Charlotte) ktm-j-
Hcp kaq-l-n A{I-a-n-n-c-bm-Ip--h-cpsS Ah-Im-i-
tmsS Hcp-- sNbvXncp-p. AXn-\p-t]m-Ip ap Ipn-I-
A{]-k---fm-Ip-p. Ah-cpsS Dm-gvN-Iv Bcpw hne-I-
sfbpw Rv Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. AXn-\m Rm\-[n-Is - ampw
ev]n-p-n-. \nc-h[n Bfp-Iv tImS-Xn-bnse \ymb-hn[n
Nnn-n-. GI-tZiw shfp-n\v Hcp aWn-bm-b-tm t^mWns
{]iv\] - c
- n-lm-ca
- m-Ip-n-. {]Xn-Imcw \S-p-X
- n Ah-cpsS ]m-
aWn-ap-g-n. jmens kvt\lnX `b-tmSp IqSn ]d-p
fn-Xzw, B{K-ln-p-p. Ata-cn--bnse ]e kwm-\--fnepw
jmens\ Btcm Ipn apdn-th-ev]np, Ahsf Bip-]-{Xn-bn
h[-in t\cn ImWp--Xn\v Ccn-n-S- k-am--s-n-p-
sImp-t]m-bn. Bb-Xn-\p-tijw t^mWns i_vZw \ne-p.
v. acn--h-cpsS _p-v AhnsS Ccpv in \S-m-p-
Xp ImWp-Ibpw A\p-Iq-env kwkm-cn-p-Ibpw sNmw. tlmkv]n--ense Hcp apdn-bn-tev Btcm Fs B\-bn-p.
Hcp t\gvkpw cp tUmIvS-dp-am-cpw B apdn-bn-tev IS-p-h-p.
Ipdp \mfp-Iv apv 1998 HmdnK (Oregon) se kv{]nMv
jmev acnp t]mbn. B \kv ]d-p. F\nv AXv Hpw
^oUv (Spring field) F ev In]v InI Kip Kinkel F
Xs hniz-kn-m km[n-n-. Ah t]mbn F bmYmyw
]Xn-\p hb-p-{]m-b-ap Ipn Hcp shSn-hbv]v \S-p-I-bp-
AwKo-I-cn-m Am-y-am-bn-tXm-n. Ah-tfmSp bm{X-]-d-bphm
m-bn. AXn Cc-I-fmbhcpsS IpSp-_mw-K- tImSXn apdn-
t]mepw F\nv Ah-kcw e`n-n-.
bn _lfw Dm-n-b-Xns\ XpSv PUvPnv Ahsc imkn-
t--Xmbpw hp. B tImSXn apdn-bn Ghpw lrZ-b-kv]i- Ah-fpsS icocw Xncn--dn-bp--Xn-tev R t]mtIn
\-I-c-amb Hcp {]kvXm-h\ Hcp amXm-hn \nv DXnp. ""Rm hp. Rm Ahsf Xpdn-p-t\m-n. Ah-fpsS Igp-p-hsc Hcp
Ctm A\p-`-hn-p \cI bmX\ In]v (Kip) Bbp-jvImew jov sImp ad-n-cp-p. Ah kam-[m-\-tmsS Dd-p--Xp-
apgp-h A\p-`-hn-m am{Xta bYm \oXn BIp-p-p. t]m-se-bmWv InS-n-cp--Xv. Hcp AXn-i-b-m Ah hopw
izmkw hen-p--Xn-\p-thn Rm {]mn-p. FmWv kw`-
B kv{XobpsS hnIm-cs \ymbo-I-cn-m-sa-nepw Ah-cpsS
hn-Xv F hnhcw IqSp-X IqSp-X-embn Rv e`n-p.
B{K-l-ns km[q-I-cWw ^e-iq-\y-am-Wv. Xs k-Sm-[n-
jmens ]cn-N-b-mcn Bbn-cpp amcnjv (Marish). amcnjns
Iym acWn-\p--c-hm-Zn-bmb hyn Xs hyY-I A\p-
]cn-N-b-mcn Bbn-cpp _nbm-{Snkv (Beatriz). ]s Ah Xn
`-hn-p--Xn IqSn X\nv kam-[m\w hcp-sa-mWv Ah-cpsS
kZm iWvT IqSn-bn-cp-p. hmp-X-sfm D]-cn-bmbn
Nn. ]gb kam-[m\w Ah Hcn-epw Is-p-I-bn-. AXv
Ah At\ym\yw `oj-Wn-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-p. B P-
{]Xn-Im-c-am-Wv. Fs lrZ-b-n Ah-tcmSv ]q A\p-I
Zn-\-]mn-bpsS Znhkw sshIp-tcw t^mWn IqSn Ah
68 69
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]X
- p-{]m-h-iytam?
Xn-p. ]mn-bpsS ka-bv _mn Xopw F\v\ t]mhn-
fnbpw Ah apgp-n-bn-cp-p. Fs aI jmev CsXmpw
Adn-n-cp-n.
Fm-bmepw ]mXn-cm-{Xn-ka - v jmepw (Charlotte) Dw _nbm-
- b
{Snkpw (Beatriz) Dw Xn A`n-{]mb `nX Df-hm-bn. AXp
Ignp apJw IgpIn {^jv BIp--Xn-\p-thn cmw \ne-bn-
ep Hcp apdn-bn-tev jmev t]mbn. B apdn-bn \npw hopw
Xmtgv h-tm ""\o FtmSv Fp ]dp'' Fv Bt{Im-
inp sImv _nbm-{Snkv, \mev Cv \of-ap In-sImv Ipn
jme-n\v amc-I-amb apdn-hp-I Gev]np. Ah-fpsS ssIk-n-
bn (Hand Bag) Ah cp In-I Icp-Xn-bn-p-m-bn-cp-p.
cw hmv Fs aI ac-W-a-S-p.''
e \K-c-nse kp{]-kn--amb \oXn-\ymb tImS-Xn-bn
tIkv hnkvXm-c-n\v Ccn-p-tm tacn (Mary) XnIpw Ahn-iz-
k-\o-b-amb hn[-n tIm]m-Ip-e-bm-bn-cp-p. Fm Ime-{I-a-
n Ah- f psS tIm]w XWpp Fp am{Xa _nbm-
{Snknt\mSp Icp-Wbpw tXmp-hm XpS-n. tIkns Ah-km-
\-L--am-b-tm-tgpw _nbm-{Sn-kn-t\mSv an-Ww F hnIm-
c-n\v in IqSp-Ibpw Ahv Hcn-epw e`n-n-n-m Xc-
n Hcp amXr-hm-eyw \Ip-hm Xbm-dm-Ibpw sNbvXp.
""a Bh-iy-amWv Fv Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw AXv
Rm B{K-ln-t- h-K - n F\nv e`y-am-bn-. an-pI FXv
Hcp ITn\ bXv\a - m-Wv. jmens\ Ipn-ap-dn-th-ev]n-p-Xv Rm
Fs a\- - p-If- n Ip-sIm-n-cp-p. Fm F\nv Ahsf
klm-bn-p-hm km[n-n-cp-n-. cw hmp acn-pXpw
Rm DI-m hon-p. Cu Nn{X--sfm-sbpw Fs a\-
n IS-p-h-cp-tm tIm]-n-tbpw hntZz-j-n-sbpw hnIm-
c- lrZ-b-n Bfp-p. an-p-hm-\mWv Fs Xocp-am\w
Fv Bhnv Hmn-n-t-nbpw hcp-p. an-p--Xn Xs a-sb-p-dnpw A{I-ac - l- n-Xa
IqSn Fs thZ-\-Ifpw apdn-hp-Ifpw ssZh-I-c--fn kan-p-
-Xn-s\-p-dnpw Rm t_m[-hm-\m-tI-n-bn-cn-p-p.
2006 amv amkw _nbm-{Sn-kn\v ]Xn-\m-ep-hjs XShv
in hn[n-p. _nbm-{Soknt\mSp a Imp-hm-\p tacnbpsS
Xocp-am-\
- ns shfn- - n B in ITn-\a - mtWm F tNmZy-
70
atbm \oXntbm?
n\v tacnv A\p-Iq-e-amb adp-]-Sn-bn-. A-c-n-ep in
Cu hn[-n-ep ITn-\-Ir-Xy--fn \nv ]e-scbpw ]nn-cn-
npw F Nnm-K-Xn-bmWv tacnp-Xv. A{I-a-hm-k-\-bp
_nbm-{Sn-kns {]Xn-Imc enn Fp-t] Dm-bn-cpp FXv
Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. ]s Hcp \o XS-hp-in \Ip-Xv
sImv Hcp hyn am\-m--c-s-Sp-sa Nnbpw Hcp Da
{InkvXym\n F \ne-bn tacnv C. _nbm-{Snkn\v Bh-iy-
ambp-Xv tbip-hp-am-bn Poh-\p _w Bbn-cp-p. BXy-n-
I-ambn AXn-\p-am-{Xta Ahv am\-m-cw \Ip-hm km[y-
am-Iq.'' Xs ]p{Xnsb Ipn-sm Bsf ]q-ambn Xn--
f-hm tacn Xbm-d-mbn-cp-p.
_nbm-{Snkns ]m-ew k-SI - c
- a
- m-Wv. Fnepw AXv Fs
aI-fpsS h[s \ymbo-I-cn-p-n-. ]s Ah-fpsS Pohn-X-
n Ahv \nc-h[n {]Xn-k-n-Isf t\cn-tSn hn-p-v.
Ah-fpsS kvIqfnepw `h-\-nepw Ah-fpsS kvt\ln-X-t\mSpw
Ahv \nc-h[n {]iv\- hp-sIm-n-cp-p. Ah-fpsS amXm-
hns\ sImp- h m {ianp F Imc- W - m ]nXm- h ns\
t]meokv Xnc-p-sIm-n-cn-p-p. Hcp ka-bv Ah `h-\-c-
lnX Bbn-cp-p. kzbw aXnv Ahv \jvSs - -n-cp-p. Ahv
kwkm-cn-m Iqmbn Bcpw Xs Cm-bn-cp-p. Cu hnShp
\nI-p-hm BWv Rm ]cn-{i-an-p--Xv. Ahv amXr-hm-
eyw \Ip-hm Rm {ian-p-p. jmens A Bb-Xp-
sImv Ah Pbn-en InS-p-tm \Xp ]Tn-p-hm Da
kzm[o\w F\np \Ip-hm km[npw Fv Rm Icp-Xp-p.
Cv e \K-c-nse hnZym-`ymk m]-\-I-fn tacn Hcp
{]i-kvXn-bp Hcp {]mkw-KnI BWv. Xs IY hnh-cn-p--
Xn IqSn Ahn-ip IqpsIp-Isfpdnpw Ah Xn-ep _-
sfpdnpw hnZymn-Isf a\-n-em-p-p. AXp-t]mse
- mb Hp-Xop-Is - f-p-dnpw
Ah kwkm-cn-p-p. AtXm-sSmw Xs _nbm-{Snkpw Bbn
Fgpp Ipp-Ifpw \S-p-p. _nbm-{Snkn \npw e`n Hcp
Fgpv Xmsg sImSp-p-p.
71
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
{]nb-s anv t^mfn
_nbm-{Snkv BWv Cu Iv Fgp-Xp--Xv. sahpw D-ahpw
Bb Hcp Iv Fgp-Xp-hm F\nv hmp-I-fn-. Fs hmp-
I sImv Fsnepw hyXym-k- hcp-sav Icp-Xp-hm\pw
kmy-a-. Fm Rm sNbvX-Xn-s\-p-dn-p AXoh Zpx-
Jhpw ]m-m-]hpw Adn-bn-p-hm Rm B{K-ln-p-p.
\nanj t\cs Fs {`mv Cm-Xn-cp-s-n jmev ChnsS
Poh-t\msS ImWp-am-bn-cp-p. Hcn-epw sN-cp-Xm-Xv Rm
sNbvXp-t]mbn. Rm sNbvX AIrXyw \nanw \npw
\n-fpsS Cfb Ipn-Ipw Df-hmb thZ-\s - bbpw k-Ss
Ipdnv Rm\pw tJZn-p-p. anv t^mfn, \n-fpsS aIsf D]-
{Z-hn--Xn F\nv hf-sc-b-[nIw ZpxJhpw thZ-\bpw Dv. Ah-
fpsS Poh HSp--W-sav Rm Nnn-n-cp-n-. Ahsf Ipn
apdn-th-ev]n--W-sapw Rm Nnn-n-. AXv Fs Dtiw
AXm-bn-cp-p. Fp-sImv Rm AXv sNbvXp FXv F\nv
]d-hm km[n-p-n-. tImS-Xn-bn tNmZyw sN-s--tmgpw
F\nv Dcw \Ip-hm km[n-n-. anv t^mfn Fp-
sImv Fs ssI jmen\v FXn-cmbn Dbp Fv F\nv
Adn-hm ]mSn-. Fs {]h\w At\-Ipw ZpxJhpw thZ-
\bpw Df-hm-n. ]s \S-Xv XpS-p-am-p-hm Fp-am{Xw Rm
B{K-ln-pp FXv F\nv am{Xw Adn-bmw. anv t^mfn
Rm \n-tfmSpw a bmNn-p-p. jment\mSpw Rm a
bmNn-p-p. Ah ChnsS Dm-bn-cp-p-sh-n Fv Rm
B{K-ln-p-p. a ]d-bp-I-b-msX F\nv thsdmpw ]d-hm-
\n-. Fs ZpxJw sXfn-bn-p-hm Fs-nepw amKw Ds-
n Fv Rm B{K-ln-pp. Rm CXn Fmw hf-sc-b-
[nIw ZpxJn-XbmWv. anv t^mfn ZpxJn--cpXv Fv Rm B{K-
ln-p-p. anv t^mfn Rm \nv Fgp-Xp--Xn hntcm-
[-an-sm? Hcp Znhkw \n ktm-j-hXn Bbn-o-cp-sav
Rm Icp-Xpp. \nsf ZpxJn-n hyn Rm Bb-Xn
tJZn-p-p. jment\mSp Rm sNbvX ISpw-ssI-Hmp Rm
tJZn-pp. C-s\-sbm-s-h-cp-sav Rm Icp-Xn-bn-. anv
t^mfn Rm AXoh ZpxJn-X-bm-Wv. \nv Fgp-Xp-hm X
hmp-I F\nv e`n-p-n-. \n F\nv adp-]Sn Ab-p-
72
atbm \oXntbm?
n Fn AXv F\nv a\-n-em-mw. Fm \n-fn
\nv adp-]Sn e`n-p--Xn\v Rm B{K-ln-p-p. AXv F\nv
hf-sc-b-[nIw {]tbm-P\w sNpw. \n-fpsS aIsf D]-{Z-hn--
W-sav Rm B{K-ln-n-.
AXy-[nIw kvt\l-tmsS, _nbm-{Sn-kv
jev P.S. jme-ns\ Xncnp-sIm-p-hc - p-X
- n\v Fpw sNp-
hm Rm Xm-dm-Wv.''
_nbm- { Snkns In- s \- p- d nv tacnbpsS {]Xn- I - c Ww
Bcmp. tacn-bpsS Nn Fgp-ns Ah-km\ hmp-If - n-emWv
- bpw ]Xn--Xv. jmens\ Xncnp sImp-h-cnI FXv Amyw.
Fm _nbm-{Snkns Fgpv e`n-Xp sImv Ah-sf-p-dnv
hfsc IqSp-X kwK-Xn-I a\-n-em-p-hm km[n-p. _nbm-
{Snkv a\p-jy-Po-hn-bm-Wv, bu-\-bp-bpw hnIm-c-`-cn-X-bp-am-Wv.
jmens ac-W-s-smn R-fpsS IpSpw-_mw-K- ]e
Xn-emWv. tacn-bpsS ]p{X-\mb Utbm (Dion) a-sb-p-dnv
Nnn-n-p-t]m-ep-an-. tacnbpsS `mhv t]m (Paul) a-Im-p-
hm-\mWv Xocp-am-\-sa-Sp--Xv.
""Rm sNbvXXv t`mj-Xz-am-Wv FmWv Fs Nm-m
Nnn-p--Xv. AXv Xpdv ]d-b-W-sav B{K-ln-p-p-sh-nepw
Fs hnIm-c-sf thZ-\n-n-psav IcpXn Ah AXv sNp-
n-. Hcp ]s apJp t\mn Ah Gsd hnain-p-I-bn-
m-bn-cn-pw. Ah-cpsS Nn-Isf t{ImUo-I-cn-p-hm\pw {ian-p-
I-bn-m-bn-cn-mw. ]s Ftm-Sp tNmZy- F\nv {ihn-
p-hm km[n-pw. Cu hnai-\- Fs \ncp-m-l-s-Sp-
p-I-bn-. ssZh-n\v Fs-p-dnv Hcp Dtiw Dv F Nn
cmhnse DW-cp-tm hcp--XmWv Fs Pohn-X-ns t{]c-
Im-in. Rm IS-p-t]mb IjvS-X-I hf-sc-bm-sW-nepw
Fs Cu thZ-\-I ssZh-\ma al-Xz-n\v D]-tbm-Kn--sSpw
Fv F\nv Dd--hn-izmkw Dv. Fs IY {ihn-p-tm ]e-
cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-n AXv Da {]tNm-Z\w \Ipw F-Xn
Rm AXoh IrXmX-bm-Wv.
73
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
A[ymbw 6
Zbm-{]-hn-I
\oXnbvp thn-bmWv {]m-\-sb-n B ]cn-{i-a-n
\mw c-t\-Sp-n-. Fm Zbbvp thn {]mn-p-I. B
{]m-\-bn IqSn Zbm-{]-hn-I Fm-sWv \mw a\-n-
empw.
W
- ILLIAM SHAKESPEARE
'Too late the Phalarope' F t\mh-en AXns {K-Im-
hmb Ae t] (Alan Paten) kaq-l-n shdp--s ]m]w
Bb hy`n-Nmc hrn \S-nb Hcp am\y-s\-p-dnp hnh-cn-p-
p. AXp ]pd-mb Ah-kcw Abm-fpsS IpSpw_w Abmv
{`jvSp Iev]n-p. Abm-fpsS kvt\ln-X Abmsf ssIhn-p. _p-
Abmsf shdp-p. A]-am\ `mc-m ]nXmhv ac-W-a-S-
p. Fm Cu hm-bn a\-p-s\m Hcm C{]-Imcw
]d-p. ""Hcp Ip-hm-fnsb inn-mw. Fm hos-Sp-msX
inn-pXmWv Ghpw henb sXv. inn-p-hm-\p ssZh
Npa-Xe Hcp-h Gs-Sp-pp Fn ssZhoI hmKvZm-\-amb
hos-Sp-p- \Ip-hm\pw Xm-dm-h-Ww.''
a FXv a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-n sshj-ay-ap-f-hm-p \nKq-
V-amb sshcp-y-amWv Fnepw AXv \nhn--s-tS Hcp
ss{IkvXh KpW-amWv. Fm \n ]epw AXv sshj-
ay-ap-f-hm-p-p. Hcp sNdnb Xw t]mepw adv A\p-c-RvP-\-
ns ]mX kzoI-cn-p-hm ssha-\kyw {]Zin-n-p-p.
CXpt]msebp FXnp-I-sfbpw hntZz-j--sfbpw ]q-ambn
adv ]I-bvp ]Icw i{Xp-hns\ kvt\l-tmSp IqSn Bt-jn-
p-hm BWv {InkvXob aXw Bh-iy-s-Sp--Xv.
{Inkv Imcn-b (Chris Carrier)
shdpw ]p-h-b-p-am{Xw {]mb-ap--tm Hcp ]gb IpSw_
tkh-I {Inkv Imcn-b-dns\ (Chris carrier) ]nSn-p-sImp t]mbn
74
Zbm-{]-hn-I
D]-{Z-hnv shSn-bp--bm Xe-bn apdn-th-ev]nv ^vtfmdn-Um-
bnse ImSp-I-fn Dt]-n-p-I-bp-m-bn. kzw A\p-`hw {Inkv
hnh-cn-p-p.
""1974 Unkw-_ 20-mw XobXn {InkvXp-a-n\p ap]p
Ah-km\ Znhkw Rm kvIqfn \nv `h-\-n-tev ]Xnhnepw
t\cv Xs aS-n. Hcp-a-Wn-p _n Ibdn `h-\-n\p
kao-]-ap _v tmn Cdn hoo-tev \S-p. B kabw
{]mb-ap Hcp a\p-jy Fs kao]w hp. kz`-h-\-n \nv
cv hoSp-I Ap-d-m-bn-cpp R \nn-cp--Xv. Fs
]nXm-hns kvt\ln-X-\mWv F coXn-bn Abm kzbw ]cn-
N-b-s-Sp-n. Fs ]nXm-hn\p thn Abm Hcp ]mn kwL-
Sn- n- p- - X n Ae- - c n- p- - X n\v klm- b n- m Abm
FtmSp Bh-iy-s-p.
AXn\v Rm k-Xnv Abm-tfm-sSmw ASp-p bqv
sk-dn-tev \S-p. AXns Im ]mn Abm-fpsS Imc-hm-
\n R cp-t]cpw Ib-dn. Rm Fs km[-\- ]pd-
Inshv kon Ccp-p.
abm-an-bn F\nv ]cn-N-b-ap-m-bn-cp e--fn \npw
R-fpsS Imc-hm HmSn ad-p. A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX \K-c-
ns {]m{]-tZ-i--fnse hnP-\-amb Hcp ev B hm
hgn-b-cn-In \nn. hgn sXn Fp ]dp hgn-I AS-bm-f-
s-Sp-p amv Fs In FSpp Xv Hcp {]tXyI \
Xncp Ip-]n-Sn-p-hm FtmSp Bh-iy-s--Xn-\p-tijw
Ftm FSp-p-hm-s\-p `mth\ Abm hm\ns ]pd-Ip-h-i-
tp \S-p.
Abm X `q]Sw Rm ]Tn-p-hm {ian-p-sIm-n-cp
ka-bv Fs tXmfn Ftm IppXmbn A\p-`-h-s-p.
DS Xs thsdmcp Ipv. Rm Xncnp t\mn-b-tm Hcp
"sFkv ]nv' sImv Bhnv Fs ]pdv in-bmbn
Ipp--Xmbn Rm a\-n-em-n. AXn-\p-tijw Abm B
hm-\n \nv Fs ]pd-tv hen-n-p. hgn-b-cn-In Xmsg
hoWp-In-S Fs s\ns `mKv hopw Abm sFkv
75
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
]nv sImv ]e-X-hW Ipn apdn-th-ev]n-p. Abm-fpsS Cu
]oV\w \np-hm Rm tIW-t]-n-p. Fs t]mIp-hm
A\p-h-Zn-p-I-bm-sW-n Cu kw`-h-s-p-dnv BtcmSpw ]d-
bp-I-bn Fv Rm Abmv hmKvZm-\hpw sNbvXp.
]oV\w \nn Abm Fgp-tv \nhv \np-Xv I-
tm F\nv Bizmkambn. Fs kuI-cy-ap Hcp ev
Cdn. Rm Fhn-sS-bmWv F hmkvXhw ]nXm-hns\ hnfn-p-
]-d-bm-sav ]dv Abm Fs kam-[m-\n-n-p. hm HmSnp
aptm-Sp-t]mb Ah-kcw hm\ns ]nko-n InS-p-hm
Abm Fs A\p-h-Zn-p. F\nv bmsXmpw sNph-hm
kmy-a- F Fs \n-lm-b-h, imco-cnI thZ-\-tbm-
sSmw Fs Akz--\m-n. Fp-sIm-mWv Abm FtmSv
\njvTq-c-ambn hn-Xv Fv tNmZn--tm Abm {]Xn-h-Nn-
p. ""\ns ]nXmhv F\nv hf-sc-b-[nIw [\-\jvSw hcp-n.
AXns {]Xn-Im-c-amWv Rm \ntmSv sNp--Xv.''
Hcp aWn- q- t dmfw hml\w HmSnp Ign- - X n- \ p- t ijw
hnP\amb Hcp CShgn-bn-tev Abm Xncn-p. Hcp Imp-{]-tZ-
iv Abm Fs Cd-n. Fs ]nXmhv Fs sImp-t]m-
Ip-hm AhnsS hcp-sap ]d-p. AXn-\p-tijw ImSp-I-fpsS
Dn-tev Fs sImp-t]m-bn. AhnsS Hcp ev Ccp-
n. Abm Ahn-sS-\nv t]mIp--Xmbn Rm Ip. AXmWv
Fs Hm-bn \ndp \np Nn{Xw.''
Bdp Znhkw Ign--Xn-\p-tijw 26mw XobXn am\ns\ shSn-
h-bvpXn\p-h Hcp th-m-c At_m-[m-h--bn InS-
{Inns\ Ip. Ahs Xe-bn apdn-hp-I Dm-bn-cp-p. Ip-
I Ien Nppw \oe-n-cp-p. Ahs Xe-bn Hcp shSn-tb-n-
cpp Fnepw Ap-X-I-c-ambn AXv Xe-tm-dns\ kv]in-n-.
]s shSn-tb--Xn-s\-p-dnv Ah\v Hm Cm-bn-cp-p.
Xs sImp-t]mbn D]-{Z-hn B `oI-c hopw hcpw F
`b-n {Inv Pohn-p. ""Rm k-cn e--fn-semw
Xs, apnepw aqe-bnepw Fs ]oVn-n--h Fs ]np-S-
cpp F `bw Fn \ne-\n-p. Fm hn[ Ne-\--fpw,
i_vZ-fpw Fs `b-s-Sp-n. AXv GsX-nepw arK-amtWm
76
Zbm-{]-hn-I
AtXm Imns Ne-\-amtWm Fv Rm Nnn-p. ASp apdn-
bnse Rcw FmWv? hmXn-en\p ]pd-In Bsc-nepw Hfn-n-
cn-ppthm? Fsmw Rm kt-ln-p. aqp hj-m-e-
tmfw amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS InS-bvv kao]w D Hcp InS-
bn BWv Rm Dd-n-b-Xv.''
tZtlm]- { ZhfpsS thZ- \ bpw {Inns\ Ae- n- b n- c p- p.
{Inns Hcp Ip \jvS-s-n-cp-p Fp am{X-a Ifn-I-fn
]p-sIm-p-Xpw Am-y-am-bn-cp-p. Fm bphm--sfbpw
t]mse Xs Xs BIm-cs sNmnbpw {Inp ]cn-{`m-n-
]qp.
Xs-p-dnpw Xm F{X Ap-X-I-c-ambn c-sp F-
Xn-s\-p-dnpw s]mXp-P\w kwkm-cn-p-Xp t]mepw {Inn\v
A-ly-am-bn-tXm-n. ]Xn-aqp hbv Bb-tm Xs AXym-
ln-X-s-p-dnv Ah\v Hcp ]pXnb ImgvN-mSv Dm-bn. Xs
apdn-hp-I CXn-s\-m hep-Xm-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. Hcp ]s Ah
ac-W-Im-c-W-am-Ip-am-bn-cpp Fv Ah Nnn-p-hm XpS-n.
tIm]m-Ip-e\pw ZpxJn-X\pw Bbn-cn-p--Xp-sImv Hpw Xs
t\Sp-hm kmy-a Fpw Ah a\-n-em-n. kzbw ]cn-X-]n-
p-Xv \np-hm Ah Xp\n-p. AXn\v ]I-c-ambn Pohn-
X-bm{X hnP-b-I-c-ambn XpS-cp-hm Ah Xocp-am-\n-p.
1996 sk]vw-_ amkw aqmw XobXn {Inn\v e`n Hcp
t^m tIm ktiw Ahs Pohn-X-n\v Imcy-amb hyXn-
bm\w Df-hm-n. (Coral Gables Police Department) tIm-d Km_nkv
t]meokv tk\-bnse Hcp UnIvS - ohv BWv B t^mWn hnfnXv.
ASp-p Hcp Bip-]{- Xn-bn InS tUhnUv am-en- (David
Mc Allister) F ay- h - b - k v I - \ mWv {Inns\ ]nSn- p- s Imv
t]mbXv F hnh-c-am-bn-cpp AXv. Cu Ip-Ir-Xy-n\v kmn-
I Bcp-an-m-bn-cp-p. Fm am-en- (Mc Allister) Ip-kXw
\S-n. {Inns IpSpw-_-nse hr-\mb Hcp An-fns ]cn-
Nm-c-I-\mbn tUhnUv tkh\w \S-n-bn-cp-p. Fm tUhn-
Uns aZym-]m-\m-k-n-aqew B tPmen-bn \npw Abmsf
]ncn-p-hnp. AXns ]Icw ho-en\p _en-bm-Sm-bXv {Inv Bbn-
cp-p. ]ns Znhkw {Inv tUhn-Uns\ ImWp-hm-\mbn sNp.
77
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
""hf-sc-b-[nIw hnj-an-mWv Rm B apdn-bn-tev ISp
sNXv. ]s Abmsf I-am-{X-bn Fs lrZbw A\p-
Im-]qcnX-am-bn. Fs A]-l-cn-p sImp-t]mbn D]-{Z-hn
hynbmb, Hcp `oI-c\n \npw hyXy--\mbn A\p-I
Aln-p-, Fgp-]n Ggp-h-bv {]mbhpw Bdv hj-ambn
A\mbn IjvS-s-Sph\mb Hcp htbm-[n-I-s\bmWv Rm
AhnsS Zin--Xv.
aZy-]m\w, ]pI-hen Fn-h- aqew tUhnUv timjnv shdpw
Adp-]Xp ]uv am{Xw `mc-ap--h-\m-bn Xon-cp-p. Abmv
IpSpw-_tam ap _p-tfm Cm-bn-cp-p. Dm-bn-cp-p-sh-n
Xs Ah Abmsf shdp-n-cp-p. Xs ASp-p kvIqfnse
Nne Ipn-I hc Nn{X- am{X-am-bn-cpp Abm-fpsS BsI
km-Zyw. tUhn-Uns apdn-bn Dm-bn-cp A]-c tUhn-Up-
ambn kwkm-cn-n-. ac-Ws apn Iv ]gb Imes ]m]-
{]-hn-I am{Xw XpWbvmbn D Hcp hynbmbn-cpp
Abm.
Rm tUhn- U n- t \mSp kwkm- c n- p- h m XpS- n- b - t m
Abm `bm-Ip-e-\m-bn. Hcp ]s Rm Hcp t]meokv DtZym-K-
BWv Fv Abm Nnn-p-Im-Wpw. Fs IqsS h Hcp
kvt\ln-X _pn-]qh-amb Nne tNmZy- tNmZn-p. Fs
Xn-sm-p-t]mb kw`-h-n-tev Abm-fpsS {i Xncn-p. AXn-
\p-tijw B kvt\lnX Abm-tfmSp tNmZnp B Ipn-tbmSv
a bmNn-Ww F B{Klw Fs-nepw tXmn-bn-ptm?
"Xo-bmbpw B B{Klw F\nv Dv' Fv tUhnUv Xd-nv
]d-p. B kabw Fs-s Rm tUhn-Un\v ]cn-N-b-s-
Sp-n.
Atm tUhnUv Fs ssII-fn apdp-sI-n-Snv B A\n-
jvS-kw-`-h-s-p-dnv Xs AKm[ tJZw {]I-Sn-n-p. B kabw
Rm Abmsf B{Z-X-tbmsS t\mn C{]-Imcw Nnn-p. IpSpw-
_hpw kvt\ln-Xcpw Pohn-X-ns ktm-j-hpw, {]Xym-ibpw
Cm Hcmv ac-Ws Fns\ t\cn-Sp-hm kmy-amIpw?
Abmv a-bpw, kvt\lhpw \IpI F-Xnep]cn-bmbn
F\nv Hpw Xs sNp-hm kmy-a-.''
78
Zbm-{]-hn-I
\mS-Io-b-amb Cu ki\n-p-tijw {Inv ]eXhW
tUhn-Uns\ kin-p-I-bp-m-bn. B kabw Xs `mcy env
Ah-cpsS cp-s]a- Ch-scbpw IqsS sImp-t]m-Ipw. B
]pcp-j
- m Hcp-anv kwkm-cnp F am{X-a hmb-\b
- psS {]m-
\bvpw kabw sNe-h-gn-p. Ime-{I-a-n B hrs lrZb
ImTn\yw Aen-p.
""B BgvN-ap-X Rm Fs Ap-X-I-c-amb c-s]-S-en-s\-
p-dnpw AXn-\p-tijw Rm F{]-Imcw ]Tnp ]co--I
]mmbn F-Xn-s\-p-dnpw Abm-tfmSp ]d-p. Fs hnhm-
l-s-p-dnpw IpSpw-_-s-p-dnpw Rm kwkm-cn-p. thZ-]p-
kvX-I-n tPmk^v Xs ktlm-Z-c-msc Ah-cpsS Pohn-X-
s-p-dnv a\-n-em-p-hm klm-bn--Xp-t]mse B a\p-jy-
t\mSp s]cp-am-dp-hm Rm {ian-p. "\n F\n-s-Xnsc tZmjw
hnNm-cn-p.' ssZh-tam, Cp--Xp-t]mse At\Iw P\-n\v Poh-
c hcp-t--Xn\v AXns\ KpW-am-n-op.'' Abm
Fs Pohn-Xs \in-n-n-. X Xn bmsXmcp sshcm-
Ky-n\pw m\-anv FXv Abmsf a\-n-em-p-hm Rm
{iaw \S-n.''
aqv BgvN-Iv tijw Hcp Znhkw {Inv Xs kvt\ln-
X tUhn-Uns\ InS--bn Dd-p-hm-\mbn InS-n. Xma-kn-
bmsX B cm{Xn-bn tUhnUv ac-W-a-S-p.
tUhn-Un-t\mSp an-p-hm {Inn\v Hpw-Xs sshjayw
tXmn-bn-. Fm CXv ]{X--fn dntmv sNp-hm BK-
X-cmb teJ-Iv a\-n-em-p-hm hnjaw tXmn. an-p-
hm-\p {Inns Ign-hns\ Ah A`n-\-n-p Fnepw Bb-
Xns tNtXm-hn-Imcw a\-n-em-p--Xn Ah ]cm-P-b-a-S-p.
a-bpsS Imcyw hcp-tm Ah AXns {]m[m-\ys Ah-
K-Wn-p-Ibpw Xn-sm-p-t]m-I-en\v Ah Aan-X-{]m-[m\yw
\Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp Fv {Inv ]d-bp-p. Fm Fp-sImv
Xm tUhn-Un-t\mSp anp F-Xn-s\-p-dnv {Inn\v t_m[yw
Dm-bn-cp-p.
79
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? Zbm-{]-hn-I
""a F-Xn\v hfsc {]mtbm-Kn-I-amb Hcp ImcW-ap-v. \s ""1983 Pqsse-amkw 13mw XobXn ]I-es ITn-\m-zm-\ - n\p
thZ-\n-n-p--h-tcmSv cp Xe-n-ep {]Xn-I-c-W--fpsS Ignv `h-\-n Ap-a-Wn-tbmSp IqSn-h-s-n. DS Xs
kmy-X-I-fmWv apn \np-Xv {]Xn-Imcw, a. {]Xn-Im- Fs t^m aWn-ap-g-n. Fs ]nXmhv t^mWn C{]-Imcw
c-n\v Hcp-s-Sp-I-b-sW-n \psS PohnXw tIm]-m ]d-p. ""tdmWo \o IS-bn-tev DS Xs hcn-I. \ns ktlm-
\ndbpw. {]Xn-Im-tc-Oh
- c
- p-tm PohnXw iq\y-am-Ipw. tIm]w F Z-cnsb Btcm Ipe-s-Spn Fv hnNm-cn-p-p. F\n-Xv hniz-
hnImcw XWp-n-p-hm hnj-a-am-Wv. kn- m Ign- n- . Rm \nev Ccp- p- t ]m- b n. Hcp
an-p-hm t{]cW \Ip asm-cp- kp{]-[m\ Im-c-Whpw Amvsan \nv Ahsf FSpp sImv t]mIp-Xv Sn.-hn.-
Dv. a Hcp Zm\-am-Wv, AXv Icp-W-bm-Wv, AXv F\nv e`y- bn Inpw AXv hniz-kn-m F\nv Ign-n-.
ambXn\m ap--hv ]psh-bvp-Xv {]m[m\yw Aln- Fs hfnb Fs GI ktlm-Zcn Bbn-cpp sZ-t_md
p-p. cp-X-c-nepw Ah ]cn-]q-am-Wv, kwXr]vX-hp-am-Wv.'' (Deborah). Fs sNdp-{]m-b-n Xs Fs amXm-]n-Xm-
Imem t^bv (Karla Faye Tucker) Xn-ep _w ths]-Sp-n-bn-cp-p. F\nv Bdp-h-b-m-b-
tm Fs A ac-W-a-S-p. F\nv ap ktlm-Zco ktlm-
tImSmen sIme-bmfn (pick - axe murderer) F A]-c-\m-a-m
Z-c-m Cm-bn-cp-p. BsI-bp-m-bn-cp-Xv Hcp ktlm-Zcn
Adn-bs- -n-cp Imf t^bv - 1998 s^{_p-hcn aqmw XnbXn
sZt_md am{Xw. AXp-sImv sZt_md F\nbvv Ghpw hne-
ac-W-in-bvv hn[n--s--Xn-\m ac-W-a-Sp. Ah P-bn
s- hyn Bbn-cp-p.
hmk-a-\p-`-hnv inm-hn[n t\cn Pbn-ens apn Hcp Iqw
Bfp-I--a-c-W-in-sb FXnp--h sagp-Ip-Xncn Inp. F\nv [cn-p-hm-\p hkv{X- Ah-fmWv F\nbvv
Fm AXn-t\-m hfsc IqSp-X P\w AtX Pbn-ens \In-bn-cp-X - v. F\n-p `-Whpw Ah Xm-dm-n-bn-cpp.
]pd-p-\nv Ah-fpsS h[-in icn-shv Bp hnfn-p. Hcp Fs Krl-]m-T - sNp-X - n\v Ah Fs klm-bnp Fp-
a\p-jy hln-- Hcp mmUn C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Sp-n-bn- am-{X-a Rm sXp sNp-tm Ah Fs inn-p-Ibpw
cpp. ""kzw \ns cn--s... \c-I-n-\mWp R \ns sNbvXp. bYm-n sZt_md F\nv amXm-hm-bn-cp-p.
klm-bn-p-I-bn''. Fm Ctm Fs {]nb-s ktlm-Zcn sZt_md ac-W-
Fm Pbn-en-\p-n tdm Im_ (Ron Carbon) F a-S-n-cn-p-p. Ah-fpsS tZlw apgp-h Pick axe sImv (agp
hyn Imembvv thn {]mnp sImn-cp-p. Karla bm t]mse Hcp Bbp-[w) apdn-th-n-cn-p-p. apdn-hp-I hcp-nb
pick axe Ah-fpsS lrZ-b - n Xs Xd-n-cn-p-p. sZt_mdbvp
h[n--s--h-cpsS _p-v Ime inn--s-Sp-Xv Zin-
p-Xn\v thn Xm-dm--s apdn-bn-e {]XypX h[-in- i{Xp- Bcpw Xs Dm-bn-cp-n-. sXmb ev hp-
bvp hn[n--s--h-cpsS _p-p-thnbp apdn-bn- t]mbn Fp am{Xw. Ah Xma-kn-n-cp ev tamtm
emWv tdm X\n-n-cpv {]mn--Xv. ssk-fns `mK- (spare parts) tamjvSn-p-hm-\mWv sIme-bm-
fn-I Fn-b-Xv. sZt_m-d-bpsS {]Xn-{ipX hc-\m-bn-cp Jerry
cp-hjw app-am-{X-amWv shdp-n\npw hntZz-j-n
Dean F bphmhv Ahsc Ip. Ah Abmsf agp-sImv shn
\npw A\p-c-RvP-\-n-sbpw kvt\l-n-sbpw Xe-n-te-
sIme-s-Sp-n. Ah ab-p-a-cp-p-Iv ASn-a-s-n-cp-p.
p Xo-bm{Xm hnh-cWw tdmWn \nv Rm {ihn--Xv.
Atm sZt_m-dsb ImWp-Ibpw XpSv Ahsf sIme-s-Sp-
Fm Ah Csesb-hw Fs I--fn ]Xnp
p-Ibpw sNbvXp.''
\np-p.
80 81
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Cu kw`hw \S lyq (Houston) \K-c-n _l-f-ambn.
sIme-bpsS hnh-c-W- am[y-a--fn hhm-bmbn hp.
XpSp \Kcw apgp-h\pw `b-n Pohn-p. Ipsd BgvN-Ip
tijw Cu Ipe sNbvX ab-p-a-cp-p-Iv A[o-\-cmb Karla
Faye Tucker, Daniel Royan Garett (Ime s^bv , Um\n-tb
tdmb Kmc-v) Fn-hsc Ah-cpsS _p- Xs t]meo-
kn Gev]np. tImS-Xn-bnse hnkvXmcw Ign--Xn-\p-tijw
cp-t]cpw ac-W-in-bvv hn[n--s-p. amc-I-amb acp-p-I
Ipn-sh-mWv ac-W-in--\-S-m-t-n-bn-cp--Xv. Um\n-bn
]noSv Pbn-en ac-W-a-S-p. Fnpw tdmWn\v a\--am-[m-\-ap-
m-bn.
""Ah ]nSn-s - -t- m Rm ktm-jnp Fnepw F\np
Xs Ahsc h[n--W-sa B{Klw Fn Df-hm-bn. Fs
lrZbw hntZz-j-m \nd-p. ]Icw ho-W-sa--Xm-bn-cp-p
Fs B{K-lw. AtX agp Imfm-bpsS lrZ-b-n Ipn Cd-
-W-sap Rm B{K-ln-p. Fs ktlm-Z-cn-tbmSv Ah AXm-
bn-cp--ht sNbvX-Xv.
Xs ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS ac-W-n\v apv Xm aZy-]m-\nbpw ab-
p-ac- p-p-Iv ASn-abpw Bbn-cpp Fv tdm (Ron) FtmSp
]d-p. Fm ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS ih-kw-kvIm-c-n-\p-tijw aZy-
tmSpw ab-p-a-cp-p-I-tfmSpw D Ahs Bkn hn-p-
I-bmWv Dm-b-Xv. Hcp hj-n-\p-tijw Ahs ]nXmhpw shSn-
bp--bm h[n--s-p.
""Rm ]e-tmgpw aZy-ns el-cnbvv ASn-a-s-n-cp-p. LSD,
acn-Pp-hm\ Fn-s\ Inm-hp ab-p-a-cp-p-I-sfm-sbpw
Rm D]-tbm-Kn-p. Fs {]nb `mcy-bp-ambn Rm Ftmgpw
Ie-lnp sImn-cp-p. Rm AXyw tIm]m-Ip-e-\m-bn-cp-p.
B-l-Xy-bvv Hcp-n.
Fm Hcp Znhkw cm{Xn F\nv PohnXw kln-m-\mhm-
Xmbn tXmn. Fn IpSnsImncp hntZz-jw, ]I Fn-h-
sb-pdnv Fs-nepw sNWsav F\nv tXmn. Cu
hntZzjw hn-p-tm km[-\- \in-n-pI, ap--hsc Adn-hm ]mSn-m-bn-cp-p. Rm AXv Abm-tfmSp ]d--Xp-an-.
82
Zbm-{]-hn-I
sImpI C-s\-bp Nn-I-fmWv Fs a\-n h-Xv. Fs
ktlm-Z-cn-sbbpw ]nXm-hn-s\bpw h[n--h-cpsS ]mX-I ]np-S-
cpI am{X-amWv Rm sNbvXXv F t_m[w Fn DZn-p.
Rm thZ-]p-kvXIw Xpd-p-hm-bn-p-hm XpS-n.
F\nv Hpw a\-n-em-bn-. Rm ab-p-a-cp-p-Iv A[o-
\-\m-bn-cp-p. ab-p-a-cp-ns ]pIhen-p-sIm-p-X-s-bmWv
Rm ssZh-hN - \w hmbn-X- v. Fm "Ah tbip-hns\ {Iqin
Xdp' F `mKw hmbn-t- m Rm in-tbmsS thZ-]p-kvXIw
AS-p. t\cs Hcn-epw a\-n-em-Im coXn-bn B hmNIw
Fs a\-n Xd-p. Fs ssZhta Ah tbip-hns\tmepw
sImp.
AXn-s\-Xp-Sv Rm apnta \np. Rm BZy-am-bn-mWv
As\ sNbvX-Xv. Fs Pohn-X-n-tev IS-p-h-tc-Wta Fv
Rm ssZh-tmSp {]mn-p. Ahv lnX-ap coXn-bn Hcp
hyn-bmbn F amn-ot-Wta Fpw Rm At]-np.
Fs Pohn-X-ns \mY-\m-tI-Wta Fv Rm {]mn-p.
bYm-n AXmWv B cm{Xn-bn kw`-hn--Xv.
AXn-\p-tijw Rm XpSv ss__n hmbn-p. Im-
hns {]m-\-bnse Hcp hcn "R-fpsS IS-m-tcmSp R
an-p--Xp-t]mse' Cu hmIyw Fs Xpdnp t\mn.
AXns Aw XnIpw hy-am-bn-cp-p. \o an-msX
\n\v a e`y-am-I-bn-.' F\n-Xv sNp-hm kmy-a Fv
Rm FtmSp Xs hmZn-p. Rm AXp sNp-I-bn-. B
kabw ssZhw FtmSp kwkm-cn-p--Xmbn F\nv tXmn.'
tdm \n\v X\nsb kmy-a. ]s Ftm-sSmw AXv
\n\v kmy-am-Ipw.
AXn-\p-tijw Hcn- Fs Hcp kvt\ln-X-t\mSv Rm
t^mWn kwkm-cn-p-sIm-n-cp-p. Imf B \K-c-nse
lmcnkv {]mtZ-inI Pbn-en (Harris Country Jail) Dv Fv \n\v
Adn-bmtam'. Abm FtmSv tNmZn-p. Ahsf Iv \ns a\-
nse hntZzjw thW-sa-n shfn-s-Sp-pI'. Fs a\-n
FmWv Bo-I-ambn kw`-hn-Xv FXv Fs kvt\ln-X\v
83
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
GXm-bmepw Imfsb ImWp-hm t]mtI-W-sav Rm Xocp-
am\n-p.
Imf (Karla) sb kin-p-hm Rm lmcnkv {]mtZ-inI
Pbn-en- (Harris Country Jail) tev t]mbn. Pbn-en sN-Xn\p tijw
Ah-fpsS kao-]-tv \Sp. Ah-fpsS kao]w sNv Ah-
tfmSp ]d-p. "Rm Zt_md--bpsS ktlm-Z-c-\mWv.' Rm
asmpw Xs kwkm-cn-n-. Ah Fs Xpdn-p-t\mn
tNmZnp. "\o Bcm' Rm Bhn-p. Rm Zt_m-d-bpsS
ktlm-Z-c-\m-Wv. Imf (Karla) Fs hopw Xpdnp t\mn-sm-
n-cp-p. Ap-Xk - vXw-`b - mb Ahv Ah tIp-Xv hniz-
kn-m Ign-n. Ipdp Ignv Ah Ic-bp-hm XpS-n.
Rm Ah-tfmSp ]d-p, "Imf, CXns A\--c-^ew Fp
Xs Bbn-cp-mepw Rm \ntmSp an-n-cn-p-p.' bmsXmcp
]Itbm hntZz-jtam Fs lrZ-b-n \n\v FXn-cm-bn-n-.
B Ah-kcw Fs Fm tIm]hpw hntZz-jhpw Fn \nv
Cm-sX-bm-bn. Npa-ep-If - n \nv hen-tbmcp `mcw amdn-bX
- p-t]mse
Bbn-cpp AXv.
tdm ImfmtbmSv ZoLt\cw kwkm-cn-p. ASp ka-bv
Xm Hcp ssZh hnizmkn Bbn-o-Xn-s\-p-dnv Imf
tdmWnt\mSv ]d-p. Cu ]pXnb hnizmkw Xs Pohn-X-n\p
Xs amw hcp-n Fpw Pohn-X-s-p-dnp ]pXnb ImgvN-m-
Sp-I \In Fpw Ah ]d-p. Ah-sf-p-dnv IqSp-X a\-
n-em-Wsa Xmev]cyw tdmWn\v Df-hmbn Ahsf hopw
Pbn-en kin-p.
""Ahsf Iv Rm an-n-cn-pp Fv ]d-b-W-sa--Xm-
bn-cpp Fs BZy Dt-iyw. Fm Fs BZy ki-\-n-
\p-tijw F\nv hopw AhnsS t]mI-W-sa Xmev]cyw Df-
hm-bn. Ah Ah-Im-i-s-Sp {InkvXp-hn-ep Ah-fpsS ]pXp-
Po-hnXw bYmtam FXv a\-n-em-pI FXn-em-bn-cpp
Fs Xmev]-cyw. Fm AtXm-sSmw Fp-sIm-mWv a\p-
jy ap--hsc Ipe-sN-p-hm {ian-p-Xv, At\ym\yw h[n-
p-Xv FXp a\-n-em-p-hm\pw Rm Xmev]-cy-s-p. AXn-
s\-p-dnv Hpw Xs a\nem-p-hm F\nv km[n-n-
84
Zbm-{]-hn-I
Fn Xsbpw ImfbpsS am\-m-cw bYm-amWv F
kXyw a\-n-em-p-hm F\nv Ign-p. ssZhw bYmY-amWv
F hkvXp-Xbpw Ah-fn IqSnbpw Ah-fpsS hmIy-n
IqSnbpw ssZh-np ap--h-cnepw hyXymkw Dm-p-hm
km[npw F-Xn-s\-p-dnpw F\nv t_my-am-bn.
Imf Karla bpsS amXmhv Hcp A`n-km-cn-Ibpw ab-p-a-cpp-
Iv ASn-a-s-hfpw Bbn-cp-p. Imfm (Karla) bpsS buh\
{]mb-n Xs Cu Zpkzm-[o-\- Ah-fn ]I-s-p.
]p-hb -
- p-t- m Imfm ab-p-ac - p-p-Iv ASn-as- -p. Pbn-
en InS Ah-k-c-n am{X-amWv ImfmbpsS Pohn-X-n
am\-m-c -
- ns A\p`hw Dm-bX - v. lmcnkv {]mtZ-inI Pbn
Harris Country Jail kv{XoI-fpsS am\-m-c -
- n\pw D-a\ -
- n\pw
thn-bp Da {]h\w \S-p-h-p. Ahv kuP-\y-
ambn thZ-]p-kvXIw \I-sp F-tXm-sSmw Da PohnX
ey- \I-s-Sp-hm-\p {iahpw Dm-bn-cp-p.
Fm cmw i\n-bm-gvN-I-fnepw tdm, Imfm (Ron, Karla) sb
Pbn-en sNv kinp hp. cp-hj-tmfw CXv \op-
\n-p. IqSmsX Fgp-p-I-fmepw Ah Cu _w XpSp hp.
Ah ZrV-kp-lr-p--fm-bn- amdp-Ibpw sNbvXp. tdmWn Ron s
hmp-I {inpI.
""P\-n\v Cu _w a\-n-em-p-hm km[n-n-. F\nv
Imcy-amb Ipgw Dv Fv Ah Nnn-p. ktlm-Zcn Bb
Zt_m-dsb h[n--hsf shdp-p-I-bmWv th-sXpw Ah-tfmSv
kw ]pep-Xv sXmWv Fpw Ah Icp-Xn. Fs
ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS Hmsb Rm A]-Ion-s-Sp-pp F
iIm-c-hm-p-I-fmWv Hcp _p FtmSp D-cn--Xv. Fs {]h-
n-I sImv sZt_m-d-bpsS Bmhv thZ-\n--s-Spp
Fpw Ah FtmSp ]d-p. ImfmbpsS h[-in DS
Xs \S-m--s-Spsa--Xn Xm\pw Xs IpSpw-_mw-K-fpw
hf-sc-b-[nIw ktm-jn-pp Fv asmcp hyn s]mXp-hn
{]Jym-]\w \S-n.''
tdmWns Cu kao-]\w Imfsbbpw Ap-X-s-Sp-n. h[-
in \S-m-p--Xn\v apv ImftbmSp kwkm-cn Dutch Sn.-hn.
85
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? Zbm-{]-hn-I
dntm-tdmSp Imf ]d-p. ""CXv XnIpw Ahn-iz-k-\o-b-am-Wv.
Ap-X-I-chpw BWv. an-pI FXv Hcp \ {]hr-n-bmWv.
Fm AXnepw D]-cn-bmbn i{Xp-hns\ kvt\ln-pI FXv
Bbn-c--W-n\v Bfp-I Ah-fpsS acWw Imn-cn-p
hkvXp-X-bmWv a\-n-em-m Ffpw.
""F\nv Ah-cpsS hntZz-jhpw shdppw a\-n-em-p-hm
km[n-pw. AXv Ah-cpsS lrZ-ba - p-dn-hp-If
- p-sSbpw thZ-\I- f
- p-sSbpw
{]Xn-I-cWw am{X-am-Wv. Rm a Aln-p-n Fv Nnn-
p \nc-h[n Bfp-I-fpv'. Fm BcmWv a Aln-p-
-Xv? F\nv Hcp ]pXp-Po-h \I-s-n-cn-p-p. CX bYm
Ah FXnt\-p-dnv {]Xym-ibpw hmKvZ-hpw F\nbvv
e`y-am-bn-cn-p-p.''
Imf Xs ac-Ws ss[cy-tmSp IqSn t\cn-p. Hcp ]pn-
cn-tbmSp IqSn Ah Xs Ah-km-\-hm-p-I Dcnp. ""Rm
]m--]n-p-p...... CXn IqSn ssZhw \nv Ghpw
kam-[m\w \Is''. Ahsf ac-W--tk-c-bn {mv Cv
_nv amc-I-amb hnjw Ipn-sh kabw Ah a\-n
Km\- Be-]np ac-Ws t\cn-p.
Imfsb ac-Wi - n-bvp hn[n-Xv A\m-hi - y-amWv F Nn-
bmWv tdmWn-\p--Xv. Hcmsf h[n-p-Xv sImv bmsXmpw
t\Sp-n-. AXv kpc-n-XXzw Df-hm-p-n-. IqSp-X Ip-hm-fn-
Isf krjvSn-p-I-bmWv sNp--Xv. Rm Fs ktlm-Zcn \jvS-
s--Xn ZpxJn-X-\m-Wv. Imfsb \jvS-s--Xnepw Rm ZpxJn-
pp.

86
an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? A\p-cR
- vP\w Akm-y-am-Ip-tm

A[ymbw 7

A\p-cR
- vP\w Akm-yam-Ip-tm
Hcp Ipe sNpI F-Xn-t\-m ITn-\-amImw bYm a.
CXn BZy-tXv Hcp \n-an-j - ns n{]-tIm-]a - m-sW-n cm-
a-tXv lrZ-b-ns Xocp-am-\-n \np am{Xw Df-hm-Ip--
XmWv. GEORGE MACDONALD
acn-sb PbvKdn-s (Marietta Jaegar) Ggp-hb
-
- p-am{Xw {]mb-ap
Ipn Ata-cn--bnse samm-\m F es Hcp Iymn
\nv tamjvSn--s kabw Ah-cpsS BZy {]Xn-I-cWw AXn
ITn\amb tIm]w Bbn-cp-p. ""hntZz-j-nsbpw {]Xn-Im-tc-
Obp-sSbpw hnIm-c- Fn Ipanp IqSn.'' kqkn-tamsf
Poh-t\mSpw kuJy-tmSpw Xncn-t-ev]n-mepw tamjvSm-hns\ hI-
h-cp-W - s
- a Nn-bm-bn-cpp F\n-p-m-bn-cp-X - v. CXp Rm
Fs `m-hn-t\mSp Xs ]d-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Cu Xc-n-ep {]Xn-I-cWw \ymbo-I-cn-m-hp--Xm-sW-nepw
Xs hntZz-jtam tIm]-tam, Xs aIsf Xncnp e`y-am-Ip--
Xn\v A]-cym-]vX-amWv F t_m[w amdn-sbbvv (Marietta) Ime-
{I-a-n Df-hm-bn. Xs Ipnsb tamjvSn hyn-tbmSp an-
pI FXv Ahsf Hn-sm-Sp-p--Xn\p Xpey-ambn Ah
IcpXn. Fm Abm-tfmSp an-pI am{X-amWv \ndp
\np Xs ZpxJ-n\v ]cn-lmcw F Nnbpw Ah-fn
hcp-hm XpS-n.
Xs a\-n Dsm-n-cp- Cu NnbmWv Xs ]p{Xn-
bvp-th-nbpw ]p{Xn-bpsS tamjvSm-hn\p thnbpw \nc-cw
{]mn-m Ahsc t{]cn-n--Xv. Cu {]m\m Pohn-X-n
BgvN-I Ign--tm {]mn-p-hm IqSp-X Ffp--ambn
Ahv A\p-`-h-s-p. amk- ]nn-tm {]m-\-bpsS
hy{KX hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Xs {]nb-s aI-fpsS tamjvSm-
hns\ Ip-]n-Sn--W-sa B{Klw CtXmsS hn-p. am{X-a
Abm-tfmSv kwkm-cn-Ww F B{K-lhpw Ahp-m-bn.
87
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Xs aI \jvS-sp Ignv Hcp hjw ]nn Znhkw
cm{Xn acn-sbmbvv Hcp t^m ktiw e`n-p. AXv Xs aI-
fpsS tamjvSm-hns ]Xp-nb kzcw Bbn-cp-p. acn-sbm `b-
tmSp IqSn-bmWv Abmsf {ihn--Xv. Fm t^mWns as
A-p a\p-jy-t\mSv Hcp A\p-I-bpw Ah-fpsS a\-n XpS-
n-bn-cp-p. Xs kzcw Xmgp--Xn-\-\p-k-cnv Abm-fp-sSbpw kzcw
Xmgp-Xv acnsb {in-p. GI-tZiw Hcp aWn-q-tdmfw Ah
kwkm-cn-p.
`mKy-hi- m acn-sbmbvv Ah-cpsS t^m kw`m-jWw Bte-
J\w sNp-hm km[n-p. AXns ASn-m-\-n GXm\pw
amk-Iw Abmsf Ip-]n-Sn-p-hm FBI bvv km[n-p.
Abmsf Adv sNbvXp Ignv am{X-amWv Xs aIv aS-n-
h-cp-hm km[n-p-I-bn F hmkvXhw amdn-sbm a\-n-em-
n-b-Xv. tamjvSm-hns hkvXp-h-I-In-S-bn \nv Ipm-t\z-j-
Iv Hcp Ipn-bpsS An-]-cw e`n-p-I-bp-m-bn.
B inip tamjvSm-hn\v h[-in hn[n--s-p. Fm amdn-
sb-mbvv {]Xn-Im-tcO teiw t]mepw Cm-bn-cp-p. Ah
FgpXn ""bYm \oXn FXv in A, hns-Sppw ]p\-c-
[n-hm-khpw BWv, F Nn-bn-te-mWv Rm Fp--Xv.''
at\m-tcm-K-hn-Z-Kv[s klmbw e`y-am-Ip Hcp Pbn hmkw
\I-W-sav amdnsbm Abmv thn Fgp-Xn. Fm Ip-
t_m-[-n B a\p-jy B-lXy sNp-I-bmWv Dm-b-Xv.
Xs Xocp-am-\-n amdn-sbm ZpxJn-X-bm-bn-. kam-[m-\-n-
\p {ia- Ah hopw XpSp. sIme-bm-fn-Ifpw sIme
sN-s--h-cpsS IpSpw-_-fpw Xn A\p-c-RvP-\-npw cay-
Xbvpw {ian-p Hcp kwL-S-\-bn kPo-h-ambn amdn-sbm
{]hn-p-p.
sIn (Kelly)
hnhm-l-n\p ]p Znhkw apv sIn-bvv Xs {]Xn-{ip-X-
h-cs\ \jvS-am-bn. B Znh-k-amWv Ah Abmsf Ah-km-\-
ambn I-Xv. Ah-cpsS hnhm-l-k-Xw \S-n-bnv (engagement)
Hcp hjw Ign-n-cp-p. Nnd A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k- Hs
Dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw Fmw t\sc-bm-Ip-sa Nnm-K-Xn-
88
A\p-cR
- vP\w Akm-y-am-Ip-tm
bn Bbn- c pp sIn (Kelly). Ah Abmsf AKm- [ - a mbn
kv t \lnp. Ah hfsc ktm- j - h - X nbpw Bbn- c p- p.
t\gvknwKv kvIqfn ]Tnv Ah ]mm-bn. Ah-fpsS hnhml
hkv{Xhpw Xbv]nv sdUn-bm-n. ]s Fmw XIp Xcn--
W-am-bn.
Xs {]Xn-{ip-X-h-cs Ahn-iz-kvX-X-sb-p-dnv Abm Xs
Hcp Znhkw F\nv shfn-s-Sp-n. R-fpsS hnhml Pohn-X-
n\v {]Xn-_--am-Ip hkvXp-X-Isf Abm hni-Zo-I-cn-p.
AXns\sbmsbpw t\cn-Sp--Xn\p ]Icw AXn \nv Hfn-
tm-Sp-hm Abm {ian-Xv Fs IqSp-X Akz--bm-n.
Rm ]cn-]q-ambn XIp At\I Zn\- Rm Ic-p.
hj--tfmfw XI lrZ-b-tmSp IqSn Pohnp. Abm-fpsS
Ahniz-X - b
- n Rm Fs-s Ip-s-Sp-n. Rm Ibvp
\nd--h-fm-bn-op.
apXp hj-p-tijw sIn (Kelly) Cpw Ahn-hm-ln-X-
bmWv. lrZ-bX - I
- -bn \np hnSp-X {]m]n Ah bYm-
n Xs hn--h-t\mSp anp Ign-n-cp-p. Hcp ]t
t\cn Abm-tfmSp ]d-n Fn Xs. \jvS-s hnhm-l-
Po-hn-Xs sNmnbpw kvt\ls sNmnbpw Nne-tm-sgms
k-S-s-p-sh-nepw ap--hsc tkhn-p--Xn IqSn, {]tXy-
Inpw {]mbm-[n-Iy-n-ep--h-sc-bpw, tcmKn-I-sf-bpw, K`n-Wn-I-
sfbpw AwK-ssh-I-ey-ap Ipn-I-sfbpw ]cn-N-cn-p--Xn IqSn
Ah PohnX km^eyw ssIh-cn-p. Dm-k-h-Xn-bmbpw ktm-
j-h-Xn-bmbpw ImW-s-Sp sInbpsS thZ-\m-P-\-I-amb ]m-
-es - -p-dnv Bpw Adn-bm ]mSn- Fp am{X-a PohnX
ZpxJ-sfpdnv ]m-m-]n-p-hm Ahp-k-a-bhpw C.
""Rm Ahn- h m- l nX Bb- X p- s Imv `mcy- a mpw amXm-
pw sNp-hm km[n-m-Xv F\nv sNp-hm km[n-
p-p. Fs Bh-iy-ap--Ssmw F\nv Fn-t-cp-hm\pw
Ahsc klm-bn-p-hm\pw F\nv km[n-p-p. hf-sc-b-[nIw
Ipn-Isf kvt\ln-p-hm\pw Icp-Xp-hm\pw F\nv Ign-bpp.
Fm CXn-\p-app Rm Fs-p-dnpw Fs \jvS--sf-
p-dnpw am{Xw Nnnp kabw sNe-h-gn-p. CXv km[n-Xv
F\nv an-p-hm Ign-Xp sImp-am-{X-am-Wv.
89
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Pqen (Julie)
Xs `m-hmb ssav (Mike) X-fpsS ]p{Xnsb imco-cn-I-
ambn ]oUn-n-pp F hkvXpX a\-n-em-n-b-tm Pqen
tIm]m-Ip-e-bm-bn. Cu {]iv\s t\cnv Xs Zpkz-`m-h-
amm-sa `m-hns hmKvZ--ns shfn--n Ah Hcp-
anp Pohnp. C\nbpw Hcn-epw CXv Bhn-n Fp ]d-
-tm AXv ]q a\-tmsS hniz-kn-m Pqen Xbm-dm-bn.
Xs `m- h ns\ Dt]- n- p- Xv Pqenv hnj- a - I - c - a mbn
tXmn. Fm B IpSpw_w XIp F-XmWv bmYmyw.
"KXy-c - a
- n-m Hcp Ah-b- n Rm BSn De-p. ssav
F\nv Hcp A]-cn-Nn-X-s\-tmse Bbn-op. \c-I-Xp-ey-
ambno R-fpsS `h-\-n ssan-t\m-sSmw Pohn-pI
Akm-y-am-bn-op. _- ]p\-m-]n-s - -Spsa {]Xo-
-bn R Hcp hj-tmfw Hnp cm]mp. AYhm
_- IqSp-X hj-fm-Im-Xn-cn-m-\p {ia-n R
Zn\- Ignp Iqn.
Ah-km\w Ipn-I-sfbpw Iqn R ssan-t\mSp hnS-
]dp. P\n-p-hf - Fs kz-e - v R Xma-ka - mn.
Fs As hnIm-c- ]d--dn-bn-m hmp-I t]mc,
hntZz-jw, tIm]w, k-Sw, X-s-S, Cs\ t]mIp Ah-
bpsS \o ]n-I. hen-tbmcp t]mcm--ambn-cpp a\-n \SXv.
ssant\mSv a-Im-p-hm lrZ-b-ns Hcp `mKv \nv
[z\n tIp-tm {]Xn-Im-c-ns s]cp--d-bmWv as-`m-Kv
apg-n-bn-cp--Xv. lrZ-b-nse Cu t]mcmw IqSp-X-embn A\p-`-
h-s-Xv ssav Fs Dt]-n--Xn-\p-ti-j-am-Wv. ssans
]pXnb `mcy-sb-p-dnv Nnn-p Ah-k-c-n Fn-ep
tIm]mn Bfn--p-am-bn-cp-p.
CXm-bn-cpp Fs a\-nse t]mcm-w. lrZ-b-ns ASn-
-n ssan-t\mSv an-Ww F B{K-lw. Fm {]mtbm-
KoI Xe-n Fn-s\-bmWv Cu a {]Zin-n-p-I. FtmSp
bmsXmcp Icp-Wbpw ImWn-m kml-Nc - y-n F\nv Fp
sNp-hm km[npw?
ssans {]hnsb bmsXmcp Xc-nepw AwKo-I-cn-m-
\m-hn-. th]n-cn ka-bv CXv Rm hy-am-p-Ibpw
90
A\p-cR
- vP\w Akm-y-am-Ip-tm
sNbvXp. am{X-a- Ipp-sf ssans IqsS Xma-kn-n-m
kmy-a. AXp-sImv Fs {]hn-Isf km[q-I-cn-p-I-b-
msX F\nbvv bmsXmcp hgn-Ifpw Dm-bn-cp-n-. R-fpsS
hnhm-l-_w ths]-Sp-p-I-b-msX KXy-cw Cmbn-cp-p.
ap am- Ah-ti-jn-n-cp-n-.
Fs t]mcmw kpK-a-am-bn-cp-n-. AXv Ctmgpw XpSp
hcp-p. ssans Zpjv{]-h-\ - f - psS ^ew R-fpsS Ap-
a- A\p-`-hn-p-p. a FXn-s\-p-dnpw Rm IqSp-X-
embn a\-n-em-n. Hcp {]mhiyw am{X-ambn \tI-p H
{]XypX \op-\np Hcp {]{In-b-bmWv an-pI F-Xv.
hopw hopw Bhnv \mw a ]d-tb-n-bn-cn-p-p.
ssan-t\mSv Rm anpthm FXpw Fs a\-n Hcp
tNmZy-Nn--a-s{X. Hcp ]s AXn-s\-sm-nbpw Fs a\p
hymIp-es- -Sp-p. ]s BXy-n-Ia- mbn ssav FtmSp sNbvX
t{Zml--fm Rm \in--s-Sp-I-bn-.
B tImam (Anne Coleman)
BtImams\p-dnv Hm-as Aym-b-n hnh-cn-Xv
hmb-\-m Hmp-a-tm. B\ns ]p{Xn {^mknkv sIm-s-
Sp-Ibpw AXn-s\-p-Sv ]p{X ktlm-Z-cn-bp-sS acWw kln-
m-\m-hmsX ]p{X Um\n-tb kzbw Poh-s\m-Sp-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Xs cp-a--fpsS ZmcpW acWw I B ]X-dmsX
Pohn-X-n ss[cy-tmsS apt-dm Hcp-s-p. kzw apdn-hp-
I-fn k-S-s-SmsX ap--h-cpsS apdn-hp-Iv Bizmkw ]I-
cp-hm-\mWv B {ian-p--Xv. Delaware h[-in Imp InS-
p Pbn]p-n-Iv Iuk-enwKv \Ip Hcp thmf-n-
b Bbn B Cv {]hn-p-p.
Pbn At-hm-kn-I-fpsS CS-bnse {]h\w bmZr-n-I-
ambnmWv DS-se-Sp--Xv. h[-in-bvv hn[n--s aIs\ ImWp-
hm-\mbn Pbn-en-tev t]mb __dm eqbnkn\v AI--Sn-bm-bn-
mWv B tImam Xs BZy Pbn ki\w \S-n-b-Xv.
AXns\ XpSp ap XS-hp-Im-scbpw kin-p-hm Ah
Xbm-dm-bn.
91
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? A\p-cR
- vP\w Akm-y-am-Ip-tm
"Rm A-s\-bmWv _nn F XS-hp-Im-cs\ Is-n- cmWv. Fm \nc-h[n IpSpw-_- hyh-lm-c- sImpw
bXv. Abmv ki-I Dm-bn-cp-n-. Ah hfsc GIm- ap coXn-bn-epw D _l-f- krjvSn-Xns\ {_mUv ann
X A\p-`-hn-p. Ahs acWw Hmp Rm Ic-p. B Z-Xn-I A\p-Iq-en-n-. Bdp-amkw Ignv ann Xs ]p{Xn-
XWp Imv kmn-I hcp-Xpw Imv Ah Ahs\ sb-p-dnv Fgp-Xnb ]pkvX-I-n C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Sp-p-p.
]Xn-\-p-an-\n-tmfw h[-in-bvp apmbn \np-I-bp-m-bn. tIm]w \io-I-c-W-ns Bm-hm-Ip-p. a\-ns Fm
B h[-in \S-m-n-b-Xn\p tijw AhnsS t]mIp-hm kmy- im-Xbpw kam-[m-\hpw AXv \in-n-p-p. Ah-km\w \ap-
a Fv Rm Nnn-p. p thZ\ Zpco-I-cn-p--Xn\p ]Icw AXv hn-n-p-p.
amkv F t]cp Hcp Ipn-sbbpw Rm AhnsS ]cn-N- ap--hv tIm]m-Ip-e-cmb ZpxJn-Xsc kam-iz-kn-m\pw kmy-
b-s-p. Ahs ]nXmhv h[-in-bvv hn[n--s-n-cn-p a-msX hcp-p.
hyn BWv. Ahs amXmhpw cp ktlm-Z-cn-Ifpw acnp {]Xn-Imcw FXpw {][m-\-hn-jbw Xs. tIkp sImSp-p-
t]mbn-cp-p. Xs ]nXm-hn-s\bpw \jvSs- -Sp-hm t]mIpp F -Xn IqsStbm Am-sX-bp am--fn IqSn {]Xn-I-cn-pI
`oXnb-bm Ah Zpxkz-]v\- ImWp-p-m-bn-cp-p. FXv km[m-c-W-bm-Wv. Fm ImnbpsS ac-Whpw Bbn
Bsc-sb-nepw shdp-p-Xp sImv F\nv Fs aIsf _-sv AXvt]mse sNp-hm Rv Xmev]-cy-an-. Hcp
Xncnp Inp-Ib- n Fv F\nv hy-am-Wv. Fs aIsf BcmWv tIkv Pbnv [mcmfw ]Ww e`y-am-bmepw Rv R-fpsS
h[n-Xv FXv t]mepw Hcp ]s Rm a\-n-emn Fp-h- aIsf Xncnv e`n-p-I-bn-.
cn-I-bn-. ]s apdn-hp-Iv kuJyw ssIh-cn-t-Xv AXym- Fm kw`-h - fpw ip`-ambn ]cy-hk
- m-\n-p-n-. enn-Wn
h-iy-am-Wv. Cu temI-n-ep _m_-dm-am-scbpw am-kp-am- kw`-hn-Xp t]mse sIme-bm-fn-I ]e-tmgpw B-l-Xybvv
scbpw klm- b n- p- - X n IqSn Rm Fs apdn- h p- I v apXn-cp-p. Nne-tm B\ns IYbnse--t]mse Ah ]nSn-
kuJyhpw a\-n\v kwXr-]vXnbpw Is-p-p. -s-Sp-n-. {^mknkns IY-bn {]Xn-{ipX hc XnIpw
{_mUv & ann s_Wm (Brad & Misty Bernall) A{]-Xy--\m-bn Fm amcn-tb Xs aI-fpsS tamjvSm-hns\
1999 G{]n 20 mw Xob-Xn, tImf-dm-tUm-bnse en-nS Is-p-Ibpw klm-b-lkvXw hmKvZm\w sNp-Ibpw sNbvXp-
(Littleton) F es kvIqfn \S shSn-sh-bv]n ta- sh-nepw X-m hyY-I hnfnp hcp-n. Pqen an-p-
d Z-Xn-I-fpsS ]p{Xn Imn (Cassie) shSn-tbv ac-W-a-S-p. hm Xm-dm-sb-nepw AXn\v {]Xn-I-cWw e`n-n-. ]e-cp-sSbpw
]Xn-\mep Ipn-I shSn-tb-p-a-cn--Xn Hm-bn-cpp Imn. Imcy-n apdn-hp-I-fp-ambn Ah Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h Ign-tb-
B\ns\tmse X-fpsS ]p{XnbpsS ac-Ws AwKo-I-cn-p- -Xm-bn-h-cpp.
hm Cu Z-Xn-Ifpw hnj-an-p. X-fpsS {]nb ]p{Xnsb ad- thZ\I IqSp-X kln-p--hv ]e-tmgpw ]cn-lmcw
pI FXv amXm-]n-Xm-v kmy-a-. AXp-t]mse Xs e`y-am-bn Fp hcmw. AXp-t]mse \oXn e`y-am-I-W-sav
Cu ZmcpW kw`-h - ns XpS-bmbn an-pI FXpw Am- Binp Ign-bp-h - pw Ah-cpsS {]Xymi-Iv A\p-kc - n-p
yw. Fm {]Xn-Imc Nn-Ip]cn-bmbn a-bvp thn- \oXn Cu temI Pohn-X-n e`y-ambn Fp-h-cp-I-bn-. a\-
bp {iaw BWv ann sNbvX-Xv. nse sshcm-Ky-ns Anv ia-\-an-. Fm an-p-hm-
amXm-]n-Xm-fpw kvIq A[n-Ir-Xcpw \oXn-\ymb ]cn-]m-e- \p Hcp lrZ-b-n \np kvt\lw Hcn-epw \jvS-n
Icpw Hs CS-s]-n-cn-p-sh-n Cu AXym-lnXw Hgn-hm-m-am- ]cy-h-km-\n-p-I-bn-. Ghpw ITn-\-amb apdn-hp-I-fnepw AXv Cd-
bn-cpp F hkvXp-X-bn {_mUpw annbpw Xpey ZpxJn-X- n- s v AKm[- a mb thZ\Iv imiz- X - ] - c n- l mchpw
kuJyhpw \Ip-hm kvt\lw \nd lrZ-b-n\v Ign-bpw.
92 93
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]X
- p-{]m-hi
- ytam?
A[ymbw 8
ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X-nse am-ioew
Hcp sIme-bm-fn-tbmtSm _emkwKw sNbvX Hcm-tfmtSm an-
p-hm an-hmdpw Ghpw Xs sshj-ay-ap-- Hcp Imcy-
amWv. Fm `mcym-`r _--fn PohnX ]m-fn-tbmtSm,
Ip-n-I-tfm-tSm, kvt\ln-X-t\m-tSm, {]h\ ]m-fn-I-tfmtSm
As\ ssZ\w Zn\ Pohn-X-n-ep _--fn a FXv
\nc-h[n {]mhiyw Pohn-X-n htc--Xm-Wv. CXv BZyw kqNn-
n--Xn \nv efn-X-amWv Fnepw Hmtcm Znh-khpw \mw CXn-
s\-p-dnv t_m[-hm-m-cm-tI--Xm-Wv. PohnX bm{X-bn Cu
am-ioew kp{]-[m-\a - m-Wv. ''A Poison Tree'' (hnj-hr-w) F Xs
Ihn-X-bn hneyw t_bvv F Ihn Hcp sNdnb hntZzjw
F{]-Imcw amc-I-amb ^ew ]pd-s-Sp-hnpw FXv Nqn-
mpp.
""Rm Fs kvt\ln-X-t\mSp tIm]n-p
Rm tIm]-tmSv ]d-p. Fs tIm]w Cm-sX-bm-bn.
Rm Fs FXn-cm-fn-tbmSp tIm]n-p:
Rm anm-Xn-cp-p. tIm]w hfv ]-en-p.
Fs `b--fm Rm AXns\ hfn hep-Xm-n.
cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw Fs Ip-\o-cp-sImv AXns\ \\-p.
Fs akvan-X-m Rm AXns\ ad-p.
Im]-Sy-ap a[p-c-hm-p-I-fm Rm AXns\ s]mXn-p.
]Iepw cm{Xnbpw AXp hfp ]-en-p.
Ah-km\w AXv ^ew Imbn-p.
AXns {]` Fs FXn-cm-fn-I- Zin-p.
AXv Ft-sXv Ah a\-n-em-n.
Fs tXm-n-tev Ah AXn-{I-anp IS-p.
cm{Xn-bpsS adhv Ah\v XpW-bm-bn-cp-p.
94
ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X
- nse am-ioew
{]`mX ]pe-cn-bn Rm ktm-jn-p.
Fs FXn-cmfn ac-W-ns XW-en-se-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tbvv hnh-cn-p ac-ns hnp-I ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-
X-nse hntZz-j--fn \apv Zin-p-hm km[n-pw. AZr-
iyamw hn[-n Ah ]e-tmgpw sNdp-Xm-bn-cn-pw. BZyw
Ahsb \mw Is-n-sbp hcn-I-bn-. AXns\ \mw ]cn-N-
cnp hfp-n Fn Xsbpw Ah X\nsb Xg-p-h-f-cpw.
Bb-Xn-\m Ahsb hf-cp-hm A\p-h-Zn-msX F{X Xs
sNdp-Xm-bn-cp-mepw Ahsb ]dnp If-hm \mw {ian-t--
XmWv.
hntZz-j- hf-cm-Xn-cn-m sNdp--n Xs F\nv ]Tn-
t-n-bn-cp-p. Fs sNdp--Imew ktmj{]Z-am-bn-cp-p-sh-
nepw Akp-J-I-c-amb A\p-`-h- F\npw Dm-bn. Rm
AkpJ _m[n-X-\mb Hcp Ipn Bbn-cpp. XebvIv shw
- p-I F tcmK-am-bn-cpp F\nv. (Hydro cephelus) Rm
sIn-n-S
P\n ka-bv F\np \S-p-hm km[y-am-Ip-I-bn Fv Hcp
tUmIvS ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. Fm c-c-h-b-m-b-tm Rm
\Sp Fs kXoy Fs tcmKw a\-n-emn ''water
head'' Fv hnfnv Fs ]cn-l-kn-n-cp-p. CsX-sbpw IqSp-X-
embn Fs amXm-]n-Xm--sfbpw thZ-\n-n-p.
F\nv Bdp hbp {]mb-ap--tm Fs Imen \nv
henb Hcp yqa ikv{X-{In-b-bm amtn hp. app Zi
hj--fn \S-n-p Ccw \nc-h[n ikv{X {Inb-I-fn
BZy-tXv Bbn-cpp CXv. B ikv{X-{Inb cp aWn-q
\op-\n-p. ]cm-tKz-bn-emWv Av R Xma-kn-n-cp--Xv. B
Ime-b-f-hn Bn _tbm-n-p-I {]Nm-c-n hn-cp-n-.
Bb-Xn-\m ]gpn\p kmy-Xbpw IqSn-bn-cpp. Fs Imen
XpWn-sI-n-b-Xn-\p-tijw Bip-]-{Xn-bn \nv \S-mWv `h-\-
n-tev t]mbXv. DuphSnbpw (Crutches) hml-\hpw Av e`n-
n-. Rm \Sp hcp-Xv Iv Fs ]nXmhv ]Ip \np.
ApX kvXw`vX-\mbn Fnepw Atlw AXv adp shbvp-
hm {ianp. Rm `h-\-n-tev apSn Bbn-cp-p Ib-dn-bXv.
AXv I ]nXmhv A`n-{]mbw Hpw ]d-n-.
95
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X
- nse am-ioew
Fs amXm-]n-Xm- Bscbpw Hn\pw Ipw ]d-bp-I-bn-. hnIm-c-sf XpS-p-\on Ah-tfmSp an-pI FXv hnj-a-
Ah Bsc-p-dnv Fnepw Zpjnp ]d-bp-Xv R tIn- tadnb Hmbn A\p-`-h-s-p. {]tXy-Inpw _w ths-Sp-n-
n. A-s\-sb-s-nepw ]d-hm Ah Rsfbpw A\p-h- b-Xns ImcWw t]mepw F\nv a\-n-em-bn-cp-n-. ]noS,v
Zn-p-am-bn-cp-n-. asm amXm-]n-Xm--sfbpw t]mse R kw`-hnsXmw Fs am{Xw Ipgw sImmWv Fv Nnn-p-
Ipn-I Bsc-sb-nepw, A[ym-]-Itcm ap apXn-htcm iIm- hm XpSn AXn\v Imc-W-ambn Fs {]mIrX coXn-I Bbn-
cn-p-Xv Ah CjvS-s-n-cp-n-. Fnepw Ah Ah-cpsS cnpw Fp Rm Nnn-p. FtmSp Xs an-t--Xns
hnIm-c- a\-n HXp-n-bn-cp-p. A-s\-bp k`-sf Bh-iy-s-p-dnpw Rm Nnn-p.
AXn-Po-hn-p-hm km[n-p-Xv a-bn IqSn-am-{X-amWv Fv Ipsd hj-p tijw Fs {]Xym-i-I hopw AkvX-
Ah hniz-kn-p-Ibpw AXv Ah Rsf ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw an-p. asmcp bphXn At\-I-am-k- \op-\n _w hnt-
sNbvXn-cp-p. Zn-p. Fs temIw Fs Npp-ambn s]mn--Ip. ImcWw
F\nv ]Xn-mep hb-m-b-tm R Ata-cn-bntev Ip ]nSn-p-hm Rm {ian-p. Fv sXmWv Rm sNbvXXv.
Xmakw amn. sXt Ata-cn--bnse Hcp {Kma-{]-tZ-ip \nv cmw XhW _w XIXv sshIm-cn-I-ambn IqSpX
\yqtbmv \K-c-nse Hcp sslkvIq-fn-tev ]T\w amn-bXv sshj-ay-ap--Xm-bn-cp-p. Fm kabw hcp-tm bYm
hen-tbmcp hyXn-bm\w Bbn-cp-p. F\nv Cwojv `mj hen- PohnX ]m-fnsb Ispw Fv Fs ]nXmhv Fs Biz-
tbmcp {]iv\-ambn tXmn. Fm AtXm-sSmw Xs ap kn-n-p. Ipdp hj-v tijw AXv Hcp bmYmy-
]e-hn[ {]iv\--fn IqSnbpw F\nv IS-tn hp. Fs ambnop.
hkv{X-[m-cW coXnbpw ico-c-{]-Ir-Xnbpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cpp
tbv tm_ (Clare Stober)
Fp am{X-a Fs em ioehpw F\nv {]Xn-_--
krjvSn-p. F\nv Fn Xs-bp aXnv Ipd-hm-bn-cp-p. ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X-n a-bpsS Bm-hns {]h\w
{]mtbm-Ko-I-am--W-sa-n \psS hnIm-c-sf AYhm \psS
Fm Ipn-Ifpw X-fpsS kvt\ln-X-cpsS AwKo-Imcw B{K-
hnIm-c--fn AS-n-bn-cn-p bmYmy-sf \mw icn-bmbn
ln-p-p. AXn \npw Rm hyXy--\m-bn-cp-n-. ap--h-
a\-n-em--Ww. Hcp ]t \mw hopw Hcn-epw ImWm
cm AwKo-I-cn--s-S-W-sav Rm hf-sc-b-[nIw B{K-ln-p.
Hcp A]-cn-Nn-X-t\mSv a Imp-hm hnj-a-am-Wv. Fm \mw
Fs kXoysc kzm[o-\n-p-hm Rm Aan-X-ambn ]cn-{i-
kvt\ln-p-Ibpw hniz-kn-p-Ibpw sNp Hcm-tfmSp an-p-
an-p. Fm Ah, {]tXy-Inpw Ah-cpsS \mb-I Fs
hm \apv AXnepw IqSp-X-embn hnjaw tXmpw. \psS IpSpw-
]cn-l-kn-p-I-bmWv Dm-b-Xv. Rm AXn\v {]Xn-Imcw sNp-
_mw-K-, \psS kvt\ln-X, \psS {]h\ cwKs
hm {ian-p. D]-{Z-h-Im-cnsb Ifn-bm-p-Ibpw Abm-sf A\m-
kl-{]-h-I {]tXy-Inpw Ah-cn ASp-hpw kvt\lhpw
hiyw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\v ]I-c-ambn Abm Fs
D-h Ahv \psS kz`m-h - ns KpW-fpw tZmj-fpw,
an-p.
\psS t\-fpw, tIm--fpw, hnP-b--fpw, ]cm-P-bhpw Adn-
F\nv Ccp-]Xv hbv Bb-tm Rm kvt\ln-n-cp bm-hp--h-cm-Wv. Ah \apv FXn-cm-Ip-tm \mw BsI Xf-cp-
s]Ipn Fs \ncm-Ic - n-p. Xndp Fp am{X-a _w -Xmbn A\p-`-h-s-Spw. hyh-kmb {]ap-J-\pw Fs k`mw-K-hp-
]q-ambn thsSppIbpw sNbvXp. CXv hnIm-c] - c
- a
- mbn Fs am-bn-cp tbv tm_dn\v AXmWv A\p-`-h-am-bXv.
lrZ-b-n\v Bg-ta-dnb apdn-hp-I Df-hm-n. thZ-\-bp-tS-Xmb B
96 97
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]X
- p-{]m-hi
- ytam?
""]p- h j- a mbn Hcp ]mv \ - t dm- s Smv \S- n- h
AUzssS-knv GPkn hnv asmcp e-tv aS-t-n-
h--tm AXns _nkn-\v Imcy- Xop ]m-fnXzw
ths]-Sp-t-n-bn-cp-p. hf-sc-b-[nIw _pn-ap-p Hm-bn-
cpp CXv. Cu ]m-fnbpw Abm-fpsS `mcybpw Bbn ]Xn-\p
hjw \op \n Hcp kvt\l-_w BWv F\nv Dm-bn-cp-
-Xv. R Htc k`-bpsS AwK-fpw Bbn-cp-p. Fm
Ime-{I-a-n R Xn hnS-hp-I Df-hm-Ip-Ibpw hn-
p-Ibpw sNbvXv Hcpanv {]hn-pI Am-y-am-bn-op.
R-fpsS D]-tZ-i-Iv F{]-Imcw Ghpw sa-amb coXn-
bn _nkn-\v ]n-S-W-sa--Xn-s\-p-dnv Adn-hn-m-bn-cp-p.
Ghpw icnbpw A`n-Im-ayhpw Bb coXn-bn Fs a\-m-
nsb Hpw Xs thZ-\n-n-m coXn-bn Ghpw sa-
amb Hcp Hm^ Rm Ahv \In. Ghpw DZm-c-amb HmWv
AXv Fv Rm Nnn-p. Fm Fs ]m-fn-bpsS ImgvNmSp-
I XnIpw hyXy-kvX-am-bn-cp-p. ]m-fnXzw Ah-km-\n-n-p-
hm-\mWv Fs {iaw Fv Rm Abm-tfmSp ]d kabw
apX Xs Abm FtmSp kwkm-cn-m-Xm-bn. Fm Cu
{]{Inb \oXpw ITn-\hpw \n-_vZhpw At\ym\yw iIm-c-hj-
\nd-Xpw Bbn-cnpw Fv a\-n-em-p-hm cp amk-
IqSn thn-h-p.
Hcp DS-Sn Dmn Hp shbvp--Xn\p apv Xs F\nv
AhnsS \nv t]mtIn hp. cp-h-ip \npw ho-e-msc
sImp-hpshnepw Ah kwK-Xn-I IqSp-X hj-fm-p-I-
bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Hp Xon\v ]pdp \nv Hcp ay-s\
(Arbitrator) sImp-h-cp-hm Rm Xm-dm-bn. Fm Fs
]mfn Cu a-y--s\ ]pd-mn ]Icw Hcp Au-ns\
\nb-an-p. Ggp-hjw Cu Au- v Fs ]m-fnbpw Hv
{]hn-n-cp-p. Xs `mhn Fs ap _nkn-\v ]m-fnbpsS
Iq-sS-bmWv Fv a\-n-em-nb Cu Au- v ]m-fn- - n
\np Fs hnSp-X IqSp-X hnj-a-I-c-am-n-op.
98
ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X
- nse am-ioew
Hcp Ah-km\ `mK-]{Xw FgpXn AXn ASn-m-\-amn Hcp
DS-Sn krjvSnpXn\p-ap-mbn At\ym\yw \nc-h[n IS--
I IS-tn hp. AXns hni-Zmw-i--fn-tev Rm IS-
p-n-. Ah-km\w P\p-hcn apX Unkw-_ hsc-bp I-
\n- b psS Nne- h p- I v Rm ]pw D- c - h m- Z n- X zhpw hln-
tnbpw hp. ]s P\p-hcn apX Pqhsc Rm ]ncn-bp-
Xp hsc-bp hc-hns ]v am{XamWv Rm ]n-bn-cp-Xv.
Ah-km\w Ah \tI-n-bn-cp \nIp-Xn-bmbn 50,000 tUmfdpw
Rm \In.
Ah-cpsS Bkq-{Xn-X-amb ]-Xn-bpsS `hn-jyp- a\-n-
em-n-b-tm tIm]m-th-i-bmb F\nv \nc-h[n cm{Xn-I-fn
Dd-p-hm km[n-n-. Ah Hp-IqSn Fs XIp-hm
{ianp F `oXn Fn Df-hm-bn. Fs Pohn-X-n ]e-
hn[ {]Xn-_---fn IqSn Rm ISp t]mbn-p-v Fnepw
CXp-t]mse Xncn-p-a-dn-p InSv Dd-m-sX-bp cmhp-I
Aspw F\n-p-m-bn-n-. lrZ-b-ap-dn-hp-Ifpw AXn-tIm-]hpw
\nanw F\nv kw`-hn-Xv FmWv Fv ]I ka-bv
Hmp-tm Rm tIm]m-n-bm hnd-p-Xp-n.
""Fn-\mWv hnj-an-p-Xv''? \n\v Ipdp ]Ww \jvS-s-
p Ft Dq. F Hcp kvt\ln-X ]d--tm Rm
Ien-sImp Xpn. icn-bmWv ]Ww F\nv \jvS-s-p. B ka-
bv F\nv AXv Bh-iy-an-mbn-cp-p. Fm B ]Ww Ft-
Xm-Wv. Rm I_-fn--s-p. Ah FtmSv hnizm-k-h-\ Imn.
ssZh-ns {]Xn-Im-c-n khpw kanp.
a-bn-te-p Fs bm{Xbvv ZoL-hj- thn
hp. Hcp cm{Xn tdUn-tbm-bn Hcp ]mv tIp. AXv Hgp-Ip
Acp-hn-bn s]mn \np Ip-I-fn Nhpn A-sc IS-
p coXn-bn Bbn-cpp AXv. AXn BZys ]Sn a-
sb-p-dnv D Hcp Km\w Bbncpp. Hcp cm{Xn Rm X\nsb
Imdv HmSnp t]mIp-I-bm-bn-cp-p. B kabw tdUn-tbm-bn IqSn-
bmWv B Km\w Rm {ihn--Xv. ]mSp--Xn\p apmbn B Kmb-
I a-sb-p-dn-p B Km\-ns Aw hnh-cn-p-I-bp-
99
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
m-bn. Hcp Aeamcn-bnse t]mse lrZ-b-ns Ad-I-fn
X-fpw apdn-hp-Ifpw kqn-p-Ibpw Imem-Im-e - f- n Ahsb
]pd-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNpXns\ {]Ion-p-Xm-bn-cpp B
Km\-ns D-S-w. CXpw XnIpw icn Xs. \mw \psS
apdn-hp-I-sfbpw X--sfbpw Ftmgpw ]cn-N-cnpw.
B Km\-ns Ah-km\ `mKw Hcp kt-i-tmSp IqSn Bbn-
cp-p. \s X-ta-ev]n--h-tcmSp an-m-sX-bn-cn-p--Xn
IqSn, Ah-tcm-Sp ]Ibpw hntZzjw shp-]p-ep--Xn IqSn,
Ahsc inn-p--Xmbn, Pbn-en-e-S-p--Xmbn \mw Nnn-p-
p. Fm B inn--s-Sp hyn-bpsS apJw t\mp
Ah-k-c-n AXv \mw Xs-bmWv Fv \apv t_my-am-
Ipw. B \nanjw Hcp bmYmyw F\nv t_my-am-bn. Fs
Pohn-X-ns aptm-p Ka-\-n\v a FXv Ghpw Bh-
iy-am-Wv.
Fs cm-as ]Sn asmcp bmYmyw Rm a\-n-emn
FXmWv. Fs _nkn-\v ]mfn ]c-Zq-jW hmp-I-fm
Fs thZ\n-np F-Xn-ep]cn ]W-tmSv F\n-v AXn-tamlw
Dv F bmYmyw F\nv t_my-am-bn. {InkvXob XXz-
Fs \bn-pXnt\-m IqSp-X ]Ww Fs Pohn-
Xs kzm[o- \ n- p- I bpw \bn- p- I bpw sNpp F
hkvXpXbn Rm IqSp-X Akz--bm-bn.
aqm-as ]Sn Ib-dp-hm Hcp hjw IqSn Imn-cn-tn
hp. Hcp ]pXnb kvYev Rm Pohn-X-ns Hcp ]pXnb
Aymbw Xpd-p--Xn\v {ian-p. Hcp Znhkw Fs ]gb ]m-
fnsb ]cn-N-b-ap-m-bn-cp Fs Hcp kvt\ln-X-tbm-sSmw Rm
\S-p-t]m-Ip-I-bm-bn-cp-p. B kabw Fs ap ]m-fn-tbmSv
Rm ]q-ambpw an-pthm Fv Ah tNmZn-p. Xo-
bmbpw Rm anp Fp adp-]Sn Rm \Ip-I-bp-m-bn.
Fm B adp-]-Sn-bn Ah Xr]vX Bbn-. cp t]cp-sSbpw
`mhn {]h-\-v At\ym\yw an-pI FXv Ghpw
{]m[m\yw Aln-pp Fv Ah ]d-p. am{X-a ]e-tmgpw
an-m-sX-bn-cn-p-X - n IqSn FXn-cm-fnsb sIn-bn-v Abmv
100
ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X
- nse am-ioew
Xs Pohn-X-n aptmp t]mIp-hm-\p Ah-kcw \jvS-s-
Sp-p kml-N-cy- BWv Dm-Ip-Xv Fv Ah ]d-p.
An-s\-bmWv kwK-Xn-I Fn bYm a Fns\
{]mhn-I-am-p-hm km[npw Fv Rm Ah-tcmSv tNmZn-
p. Hcp km\w \Ip--Xp-t]m-se-bmWv a Fm-bn-cpp
Ah-cpsS adp-]-Sn. AXns\ XpSp Rm Xncp-am-\-sa-Sp-p. a
Fs Pohn-X-n {]mhn-I-am-n-ot-Ww. Fm
hn`n Nnm-K-Xn-I Fs a\-n hp-sIm-n-cp-p. Fs
]m-fn-bmWv sXp-Im-c. AXp-sImv Abm-ft FtmSp a-
tNm-Zn-t-Xv? Rm Fn\v Abm-tfmSp a tNmZn-tWw?
AKm-[-amb Hcp B-]-cn-tim-[\m thf-bn-emWv Ah-km\
]Sn-I-S-p-hm F\nbvv Ign--Xv. Fs lrZ-b-nse kI-e-
hn[ ]m]-fpw Id-Ifpw XpSp amn shSn-tmSp IqSn ssZh-k-
n-[n-bn sNp-hm-\p {ia-n-em-bn-cpp Rm. Fm
bYm-n Fs aptm-p Ka-\-n XSw Dm-bn-
cpp. F\nv shSn-m-p-hm bmsXmpw Xs C F
Nnbnem-bn-cpp Rm.
B ka-b-mWv hkvXp-X-I-fpsS bmYmyw Hcp S `mc-
ap Iv Fs ta hn-Sn-p coXn-bn F\nv t_my-am-
b-Xv. Xo-bmbpw Fs _nkn-\v ]mfn Acp-Xm--XmWv
FtmSp sNbvX-Xv. Fm B ]m-fn-tbmSpw ap ]e-tcmSpw
Hcp ]t CtX Xc-n Rm\pw {]hn-n-p-m-hmw. B
Nn-I-fpsS ASn-m-\-n Rm Hcp Iv Fgp-Xn. Fs a\-
n Rm sImp \S hntZz-jspdnpw tIm]-s-p-
dnpw Rm B Fgp-n Dsm-n-p. CXns\ Bkv]-Z-amn
Rm ap _nn-\v ]m-fn-tbmSp B Fgp-n IqSn abpw
tNmZn-p. Hcp Ih-dn Dsm-nv AXv ]i-shv Hn kabw
Fs a\-n \nv hen-tbmcp `mcw Hgn--Xp-t]m-se-bm-bn.
AXp Rm DS Xs X]m s]n-bn CSp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
AtXm-sSmw Fs tIm]-n \nv F\nv hnSp-X e`y-am-
Ibpw sNbvXp.
101
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]X
- p-{]m-hi
- ytam?
GI-tZiw Hcp amk-n\v tijw FtmSp a-tb-p-dnv
kwkm-cn AtX kvt\lnX Fs t^m hnfnv F\nv Hcp
km\w (gift) F-Xp-t]mse a \Ip-hm km[n-pthm Fv
tNmZn-p. AXn\pkm[n--Xn-\m F\nv ]q hnSp-X e`y-
ambn F D-c-amWv AXn\v Rm \In-b-Xv. ""\o AXp
sNbvXp Fv F\nv t_my-am-bn. ImcWw \ns ap _nkn-
\v ]m-fn-bnepw Rm Hcp hyXn-bm\w \nco-n-p.''
ssldnv & Btadn Bt\mUv
(Heinrich & Annmarie Arnold)
b\ Imen Fs ]nXmhv Hcp Da Iuk-e-dmbn
ap--hsc klm-bn-p-h-p. {]mb-]qn Bb-Xn-\p-tijw am{Xw
Cwo-jv kwkm-cn-p-hm ]Tn Atlw D]-tZ-i- ]dp
sImSp-p--Xn-t\-m IqSp-X-embn ap--hcpsS {]iv\-
kln-jvWp-X-tbmsS {inv AXv a\-n-emn Xs hyn-]-c-
amb A`n-{]m-b- Ah-tcmSp ]d-p. B hn[-n Ahsc
klm-bn-p-h-p. D]-tZ-i- \Ip--Xn D]-cn-bmbn {]iv\-
-fpsS {]Xn-hn[n kzbw Is-p--Xn Gh-scbpw klm-bn-
p-hm Atlw Xmev]cyw {]I-Sn-n-p.
Fs ] t]mIp e--fn-semw Xs At-l-tmSp
kwkm-cn-pXn\v Bfp-I Xmev]cyw {]I-Sn-n-p. ]epw
Ah-cpsS lrZ-b-`m-c- At-l-tmSp ]d-bp--Xn IqSn eLq-
I-cn-p-hm km[n-n-cp-p. ap Nnev Xsf {in-p \mWv Fv tUmIvS hn[n-sb-gpXn FmWv Ah hymJym-\nXv.
Hcmsf e`y-am-Ip--Xn-emWv Xmev]-cyw. Fn-cp-mepw Xv
thn Fs ]m kabw Nne-h-gn-p-sav Ahv Adn-bm-am-
bn-cp-p. \n`m-Ky-hi
- m ]m-bpsS Nne kl-{]-h-Iv At-
l-ns {]hr-n-bn Akq-bbpw hntZz-jhpw Df-hmn At-
ls hnain-p-Ibpw ]e-X-c-n D]-{Z-hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
GI-tZiw Rm P\n kabw ]mbvv hr-tcmKw ]nSn-
s]ncpp. Rm hfp hcp--Xn-s\mw Xs At-l-ns Kp \npw AI-p-hm {ian-p. apXp hj-n\p tijw Hcp
tcmKhp hn-pIbp-m-bn. {Kma-{]-tZ-ip Dm-bn-cp Hcp
{InkvXob kaq-l-n-em-bn-cpp R Pohn-n-cp--Xv. PohnX
kuI-cy- Ipd-hpw, _pn-ap-p-I IqSp-Xepw AtXm-sSmw
102
ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X
- nse am-ioew
DjvWtaJebnse Akp-J-fpw R t\cn-tSn hp. inip-
a-c-Whpw B Ime-b-f-hn IqSp-X-em-bn-cp-p. cmw temI alm-
bp--Im-ev bp-n-s\-Xn-cmbn Alnw-km-amw kzoI-cn--
hcpsS Hcp {InkvXob Iqmbva Bbn-cpp R-fpsS kaq-lw.
bqtdm-n \nv emn Ata-cn--bn-tev IpSn-tbdn ]m-h-
cm-bn-cp-p. kaq-l-ns AwK- kaql Pohn-X-n-t-Xmb
]ncn-ap-dp--fpw Rsf Ae-n-bn-cp-p.
R-fpsS {InkvXob kaq-l-ns t\XrXzw ]-bp-tS-Xm-bn-
cp-p. Cu kml-N-cy-n kaql Pohn-X-n-sbpw kaq-l-n-
sbpw Npa-X-e-Ifpw `mc-fpw ]m-bpsS Btcm-Kys hf-sc-
b-[nIw _m[n-p. tcmKw aq-\ym-h--bn Fnb Hcp Ah-
kcw ]msb shdpw \mev]Xp aWn-q-dp-I am{Xta Pohn-p-I-
bpp Fv tUmIvSam hn[n-sb-gp-Xn. Cu kabw kaq-l-ns
Fm AwK--sfbpw Atlw Xs InS---cn-In hnfnp Iqn
Xs Npa-X-e-I Hmtcm-cp-sc Bbn-t-ev]n-p. AXn Hcm
`mcym-k-tlm-Z-c-\m-bn-cp-p.
Ap-X-I-c-ambn ]m Xs amc-I-amb tcmK-n \nv hnSp-
hn--s-p. Fm kaq-l-ns ]pXnb kmc-Yn-I Xsf
Gev]n Npa-Xe - I
- aSn \Ip-X - n\p ]Icw Xs {]h\
Imew Ignp Fv Fs ]nXm-hns\ [cn-n-p-hm-\mWv {ian-
Xv. t\Xr-Xz-ns Npa-X-e-I kzoI-cn-p--Xn\v A{]m-]vX-
GXm\pw BgvN-I-fpsS hn{iaw am{X-amWv tUmIvSam D]-tZ-
in--Xv. sXn-m-cW Df-hm-p-hm-\p {iaw IcpXn Iqn-bm-Wv
Dm-bX - v. ]m-bpsS ip{iq-jb
- n \npw ]msb AI-n-\npI
F-Xm-bn-cpp Ah-cpsS Dtiw. AXn-\p asmcp Bh-\m-gn-
bmbn Akp-J-ns ka-bv ]mbvv Dmb Zi-\-sf
am\-koI hn{`m-n-bmbn Nn{Xo-I-cnv At-ls {]h-\-cw-
tUmIvS Ap \Inb t{_mssaUv tN acp-p-I-fpsS A\-
-c-^-e-ambncpp At-l-ns As sshIm-cnI {]I-
S\w Fp ]dbp-I-bp-m-bn. Ah-cpsS Cu Xc-n-ep kao-]-
103
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X
- nse am-ioew
\s sNdpp \np-hm {ian-msX ]m ASp-p Hcp tcm-sSmw ]m-bpsS Xncn-p-h-c-hns\ Rm hnfn--dn-bn-p. Ap-
anj-Wdn tlmkv]n--en tPmen kzoI-cn-p. X-sap ]d-bs AXv tI-h-scmw Rsf Xpdn-p-t\m-n.
Fm A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX Hcp ]pXnb {]iv\w cq]w Fm hj- Ign--Xn-\p-tijw am{X-amWv kaq-l-n-
sImp. X-fpsS kaq-l-ns ASn-m\ XXz--fmb hnizm- tev aS-n-h-cp-hm ]msb A\p-h-Zn-p-sh-nepw ]m-tbmSv
kw, At\ym\yw D ip{iq-j, ktlm-Z-c-kvt\lw Chsb _en- Ah a Imn-bn- Fv Rm a\-n-em-n-b-Xv.
I-gnv \nb-a--sfbpw N--sfbpw ASn-m-\-am-n-bp Hcp Fs amXm-]n-Xm- Av A\p-`-hn hyY-bpsS Zp^-e-
InbpsS ta[m-hn-Xz-n kaqlw hyXn-N-en-p--Xn ZpxJn- Ahsc AKm-[-ambn _m[n-n-cn--Ww. Ah Fn IqSn-
X-cmb Hcp Iqw hnizm-kn-Ismw Fs ]nXmhpw {]kvXpX sbm-s-bmWv Ignp t]mbXv Fv Zim_vZ- Ign--Xn-
Xmev]-cy-sf Nqn-m-p-hm {ian-p. Fm Ah {in-- \p-tijw am{X-amWv Rv shfn-hmbXv. AXv Ah-cn \n
s-n-. Ah-cpsS tNmZy-sf ]cn-K-Wn-p--Xn-\p-]-Icw Ah {]XypX Nne kvt\ln-X-cn IqSn-bmWv R a\-n-em-n-b-
`nn-np-Xn\v {ian-pp Fv Btcm-]nv Ahsc k`-bn Xv. X-fpsS Ah-Im-i-p thn Ah Fp sImv \ne-
\nv apS-n. As\ Fs ]nXmhpw k`bvp ]pd-m-bn. sIm-n- Fp Ah-tcm-Sp Fs tNmZy-n\v ]nXmhv C{]-
kqdnv (Zurich) F \K-c-n Irjn-imkv{Xw A`y-kn Im-cw adp-]Sn \evIn. ""F{X XhW Hn sImSp--s-mepw tIm]-
Fs ]nXmhv Hcp \ Irjn-m-c Bbn-cpp Fnepw Hcp n-tbpw Ahn-izm-k-n-sbpw Bmhv Dsmv Pohn-p-
tPmen e`y-am-Ip--Xn\v sshj-ay- Df-hm-bn. \mkn XXz-sf -Xn-t\-m sa-am-bp--Xv an-pI F-Xm-Wv.
FXnn-cp Fs ]nXm-hn-s\, lnvedn-t\mSv A\p-I Dm- At-l - ns Cu Nnm-KXn Fs hf-sc-b[ - nIw BIjnp
bn-cp PIm kwi-b-tmSp IqSn hon-p. Fm B Fnepw Bb-Xns\ Rm `b-p. Bsc-nepw FtmSv Bhn-[-
ev Dm-bn-cp {_no-jp-Imcpw Ata-cn--m-cpw, ] n {]hnm Fs {]Xn-I-cWw Fm-bn-cnpw Fv
P hwi-P-\m-bXp sImv tPmen \Ip--Xn\p `b-p. Ah- Rm Nnn-p. 1980- Rm AXp a\-n-em-n. ]p-hjw
km\w IpjvT-tcm-Kn-I-fpsS Hcp tImf-\n-bn ^mw amt\-P Bbn apv Fs ]nXm- h ns Iogn k`- b psS cmw m\v
Fs ]bvv tPmen e`n-p. {]hn-p-hm Rm \nb-an--s-n-cp-p. s]sv Hcp Znhkw
1940 -I-fn IpjvT-tcmK \nhm-c-W-n-\p acp-p-I Xptemw B m\w Hgn-hm FtmSv B kaqlw Bh-iy-s-p. AXns
Zue-`y-am-bn-cp-p. B tcmKw ]I-cp--XmWv Fv Icp-X-s-n- ImcWw FmWv Fv Cphscbpw F\nv a\-n-em-p-hm
cpp. B tPmen kzoI-cn-m Xncnp `h-\-n-tev aSn `mcy- km[n-n-n-. Hcp-]s \mev]X hj-p-apv Fs ]nXmhv
tbbpw a-sfbpw ImWp-hm kmy-a-msX-hcpw F ap-dn- {]hn coXn- I fpw Imc- W - fpw Fs Pohn- X - nepw
bnpw ]mbvv ]ecpw \evIn. Fm ]m B tPmen kzoI- Bhn--s-Sp-I-bm-bn-cnpw AXm-bXv Akq-bbpw ]I-bpw.
cn-p-I-bmWpm-b-Xv. ImcWw Fm-sW-nepw Fs {]Ion Fs kvt\ln-
Ah-km\w ]e-am-k - p-tijw R-fpsS kaq-l - n-tev Xcpw kl-{]-h-I-cpw, _p-fpw Ghcpw Rm sNp--
aS-n-h-cp--Xn\v ]mbvv A\p-hmZw e`y-am-bn. At-l-ns Fm-n\pw Ipm-tcm-]-W- \S-p-hm aSn-n-.
Xncn-p-h-c-hn Rm AXy-[nIw Bm-Zn-p. At-ls Ip- A-Imc Xnan-c-m tIm]m-th-i-\mb Rm AXns\ sNdp-
bp-Ss\ At-l-ns Bt-j-n Rm Aap. ]m-bpsS p-hm {iaw \S-n. B kabw Fs ]nXmhv \mep henb
Npa-en Ibdn R `h-\-n-tev Xncn-p. hgn-bn I-h- k`-I-fpsS D-c-hm-ZnXzw Gs-Sp-n-cp-p. At-l-n\v Fs
104 105
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]X
- p-{]m-hi
- ytam?
klmbw AXym-h-iyhpw Bbn-cp-p. AXn\v Hcm-gvN- apv Fs
amXmhv Imk tcmKw hv ac-W-a-S-p. AXnepw D]-cn-bmbn
Fs sXp-I FmWv Fv F\n-v Atijw a\-n-em-bn.
Xpdp kwkm-cn-p Fs kz`mhw ]epw CjvS-s-n-cp-
n-. kwK-Xn-I-fpsS bmYmysbpw bYm kz`m-h--
sfbpw ad-bvp coXn-bn-ep kwkm-chpw {]Xn-I-cW coXn-
Ifpw Rm hi-am-n-bn-cp-n-. Fm Xmgvabpw hn\-bhpw
aphtcm-Sp Icp-Xepw F\nv ssIap-X-embn Dm-bn-cp-p-
Xm-\pw. A-s\-bp k`-n-emWv F\n-s-Xn-cm-bp
Btcm-]-W- Dbp h-Xv. AXns\ sNdpv Fs Ah-
Im-i-s m\w \ne-\np--Xn-em-bn-cpp F\nv Xmev]cyw.
Fm Fs sNdpv \nev]ns\ ]m Hpw Xs A\p-Iq-en-
n-. {]XypX tbip-hns ]X {]kwKw BWv Atlw
F\nv Nqn-m-n-b-Xv. ""R-fpsS IS-m-tcmSv R an-
p--Xp-t]mse R-fpsS Ip--sfbpw tZmj--sfbpw an-
t-Wta.'' ap--h-tcmSv Fns\ hn-pp FXmWv
ssZhw t\mp-Xv Fv Atlw Ftm-Sp-]-tZ-inp.
Fs `mKpw Ip-fpw Ipd-hp-Ifpw Dv F Nn s]-
mWv Fn DZn--Xv. Fs lrZ-b-ns AKm-[-X-bn R-
fpsS k`-bn-ep ]e-tcmSpw Rm hntZz-jw shv ]pepp
F t_myw F\nv Df-hm-bn. Fs-s \oXn-I-cn-p--
Xn\p ]Icw apnt \nv ssZhnI abvv thn {]mn-
p--XmWv DNnXw Fpw D t_myw Fn Df-hm-bn.
AX-\p-k-cnv Rm apn-t \nv {]mn-p. shw sIn-
\nn-bn-cn-p Hcp AW-s]mn Hgp-Ip-Xp t]mse Fs
lrZ-bm-`m-Kv tiJ-cn--s Zphn-Im-c- s]mn Hgp-In.
apv Fs thZ-\-I-sfbpw apdn-hp-I-sfbpw Npn-n Rm Pohn-
p. Fm Ctm ]pXnb ImgvN - m-Sns A\p-`h-
- n hkvXp-
X-Isf t\cn-Sp-hm km[n-p-p.
CXns\ XpSv FSp ]pXnb Xocp-am-\ - f
- p-samv, Ign
Ime--fn Rm thZ-\n-n-n-cn-m kmy-X-bp Hmtcm-cp-
-cp-sSbpw kaw sNv Ah-cpsS abvp thn Rm
106
ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X
- nse am-ioew
A`yn-p. Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw kao-]p sNv Cu {]{Inb
XpS-cp-tm Fs lrZ-b-ns Hmtcm sIp-Ifpw Hmtcm-mbn
Agn-b-s-Sp {]XoXn F\nv Df-hm-bn. AtXm-sSmw Rm
Hcp ]pXnb a\p-jy-\m-bn-op.
B hjw thZ-\-bpsS Hcp hjw Bbn-cp-p-sh-nepw Pohn-
X-nse Ghpw {][m-\-s Hcp hjhpw Bbn-cpp. \nc-h[n
hne-tb-dnb PohnX ]mT- {]kvXpX hjw Rm ]Tn-p-I-
bp-m-bn. Hm-aX - mbn ap-h- \nsf sXn-c - n-p-Ibpw A\o-
Xn-]c
- a
- mbpw A\m-hi - y-ambn Ipm-tcm-]W
-
- \S-p-Ibpw sNp-
-Xn \ncm-i-s-Sm-Xn-cn-p-I. ssZh-ns apn am{X-amWv
bYm \oXn \apv e`y-am-Ip--Xv. cm-a-Xmbn a-bvp
Xocp-am\w Dn \nmWv hcp--Xv Fnepw AXv a\-ns
\n-b-ZmVyw am{X-a-. abvp thn-bp Bhiyw BWv
AXn-epsm-p {][m\ in. _e-lo-\-X-I-fpsS Gp-
]dn, AtXm-sSmw a- e`y-am-Ip--Xns A\p-`-hw. Ah-
km-\-ambn \n-fpsS a- ^ew Imbn--W-sa-n AXns Npp-
ap av, \n-fpsS lrZ-b-am-Ip \new hf-q-dp--Xm-bn-cn-
- W w. AXv B{Z- a Fn, hg- p- h m\pw Xmgv a tbmsS
\Sm\pw D Hcp Bmhv \nv C Fn \n-fpsS
a ^ew Imbn-p-I-bn-.
hg-hpw Xmgvabpw D Hcp lrZbw e`y-am-IpI FXv n{]-
km-y-a-. AXy-zm\w, \nc--c-amb ]cn-io-e-\w, kl-\-io-ew,
thZ-\n-p Hcp a\v Ch CXn-\m-h-iy-am-Wv. Ch Cm
PohnXw Zcn-{Z-am-Wv. kvtImv s]v (M. Scot Peck) C{]-Imcw Fgp-Xp-
p. ""hnjm-Zw, ]cm-P-bw, `bw, BIp-e-Nn--I, ZpxJw, kSw,
tIm]w, ap thn-bp t]mcm-w, kwi-bw, Am-fn-v,
hnai-\w, X-s-S BZn-bm-b-h-bn IqSn Df-hm-Ip IjvS-
X-I-fn IqSn IS-p-t]m-ImsX k--amb Hcp PohnXw A\p-`-
hn-m kmy-a-. CXp-t]m-se-bp am\-knI kwLj--fn
IqSn ISp t]mIm Zcn-{Z-amb Hcp PohnXw \apv D]-tbmK
iq\y-amWv. ap--hpw AXv D]-tbmK iq\y-am-Wv. apdn-th-
msX kuJyw {]m]n-m kmy-a-.
107
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
A[ymbw 9
a hnhml Pohn-X-n
hnhml Pohn-X-nse {]Xn-_---fn sshj-ayw A\p-`-hn-
p-hv Rm Fp D]-tZiw \Ipw FtmSv ]ecpw
tNmZn-p-X
- mWv Cu tNmZyw. Fm ]e-tmgpw Rm \Ip
Dcw Hp Xs-bm-Wv. {]mn-p-I, an-p-I. amXm-hp-am{Xw
D `h\--fn {]tXy-Inpw IpSpw-_-ns klm-bw Cm
Ah-k-c--fnepw F\n-p-]-d-hm-\p-Xv CXv Xs-bmWv. {]mn-
p-I an-p-I. AXn-\n-jvTq-c-amb kw`-h-hn-Im-k--fp `h-
\--fnse bph-X-e-ap-d-tbmSpw Rm\n-Xp-Xs ]d-bp-p.
MOTHER TERESA
`mhpw `mcybpw At\ym\yw an-p-n Fn IpSpw-
_-Po-hnXw \c-I-Xp-ey-amIpw FmWv Fs ZoL-\m-fp-I-fnse
hnhm-l, IpSpw_ Iuk-enwKv A\p-`-h-n \nv Rm a\-
n-em-p--Xv. Ghpw Iqp aqbp {]iv\- aqp
hmpI sImp ]cn-l-cn-m-hp--Xm-Wv I am sorry. Rm tJZn-
pp.
Xs ]m-fn-tbmSp a tNmZn-pI FXv sshj-ay-ap
Hm-Wv. Xmgva, hg-p-hm-\p at\m-`m-hw, kzw Ip--sfbpw
Ipd-hp-I-sfbpw Ipdn-p t_m[w Ch-sbm-sbpw kz`mh KpW-
-fm-bn-pv Fn am{Xta an-p-hm\pw a tNmZn-p-hm\pw
D ss[cyw Df-hm-Iq. Hcp hnhml Pohn-X-ns hnP-b-n\v
am-ioew AXy-m-t]-n-X-am-Wv.
\mkn `c-W-Iq-S-n\v FXn-cmbn i_vZ-ap-bnb kp{]-kn
P ]m Uobn-{nv t_m tl^ (Dietrich Ben hoeffer),
Xm m]n kaq-l - nse AwK-t- fmSv a-tb-p-dnv kwkm-
cn-p-am-bn-cp-p. ""a-bn Hcpanv Pohn-pI'' CXm-bn-cpp At-
l-ns ap{Zmhm-Iyw. PohnX \ne-\n-ev]n\v a AXym-h-iy-
amWv Fv Atlw Icp- X n. Atlw C{]- I mcw Fgp- X n,
108
a hnhml Pohn-X-n
""At\ym\yw Ipw ]dbmXncn-pI. \n-fpsS Ah-Im-i-v
thn apd-hnfn Iq-cp-Xv. At\ym\yw hn[n-p-Itbm Bt-]n-
p-Itbm sN-cp-Xv. At\ym\yw Ip- Ip-]n-Sn--cp-Xv.
At\ym\yw AwKo-I-cn-p-I. \n-fpsS lrZ-b-ns A`m-
Kp \nv Xs an-p-I.''
Fs `mcy shtd-\bpw (Verena) Hv \mev]-n-aqp h-
js IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-n At\ym\yw asb ]co-n-p
A\-h[n k`- DS-se-Sp-n-p-v. Ieym-W-n\v tijw
HcmgvN Ignv Bbn-cpp BZy kw`-hw. R-fpsS ]pXnb
A]mvsan Fs amXm-]n-Xm--sfbpw ktlm-Z-cn-am-scbpw
R `-W-n\v Wn-p. shtd\ D-k-abw apgp-h
`Ww ]mIw sNp--Xn-\mbn Nne-h-gn-p. Iem-Imcn Bbn-cp
Fs ktlm-Zcn Rv ]m{X- \In-bn-cp-p. Rm
\nhm-hp tai FSpv bYm-m-\-s-Sp-n, ]m{X- tai-
p-dv \nc-n.
ka-b-am-b-tm Ghcpw hp. R `-W-n-n-cp-p.
s]sv tai-bpsS cp Imep-Ifpw sNcnv tai \new-]-Xn-p.
Rm AXns sImfp-p-I icn-bmb coXn-bn Cncp-n-.
`-Whpw s]mnb ]m{X--j-W-fpw B apdn apgp-h NnX-dn.
Fs `mcy Icp sImv B apdnhnv Cd-n-tm-bn. At\Iw
aWn-q-dp-I Ign--Xn-\p-tijw am{X-amWv kw`-hn A]-I-S-
n\v D-ch - m-Zn-bmb FtmSp an-p-hm\pw AtX-p-dnv Nncn-
p-hm\pw Ah Xbm-dm-b-Xv. ]nm-ev Hmp Nncn-p
Hcp IpSpw-_-I-Y-bmbn CXv amdn.
Rv Fp-Ip-n-I Dm-b-Xn-\nSbvv A`n-{]mb hyXym-
k--fp-tS-Xmb \nc-h[n Ah-k-c- DS-se-Sp-n-p-v. Fm
Znh-khpw sshIp-tcw shtd\m Ipn-Isf Ipfn-nv \nim-h-kv{X-
-fpw [cn-nv Ahn-jvS-s ]pkvX-I--fp-ambn kzoI-cW
apdn-bn Fs hc-hns\ Imn-cn-pw. Fs tPmen Ign--Xn-
\p-tijw hon hcp-tm Ahv Ftm-sSmw Ifn--Ww.
As\ R tXm-n t]mbn Ifn-pw. AXn\v tijw
shtd\m thWw Ahsc hopw hrn-bm-p-hm. AXv A{X
109
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
ktm-j-apf-hm-p kwK-Xn-b Fv FSpp ]d-tb--Xn
Fnepw apdp-ap-dp-tmsS Ah AXv sNbvXp-h-p.
R-fpsS Ipn-Iv Ghpw Xs BkvXva-bpsS D]-
{Zhw Dm-bn-cp-p. Npa-bp-sSbpw hen-hn-sbpw ieyw \nanw
Ah cm{Xn-Im-e--fn DWv Akz-X {]I-Sn-n-pw.
R Xn D Dc-k-en\pw CXv Hcp Imc-W-ambn `hn-p.
Ah DWv Ahsc ]cn-N-cn-p--Xp-t]mse Xs F\npw
sNm-atm Fv Ah FtmSp ]d-n-cp-p.
Fs tPmensb Npn--nbpw X- Df-hm-Im-dp-v. R-
fpsS ]pkvX-I--fpsS hnev]-\-m-c F \ne-bn F\nv
hf-sc-b[ - nIw bm{X sNt-n-bn-cp-p. an-hmdpw Fm Znh-khpw
Fp-a-Wn-qtdmfw bm{X sNbvXmWv `h-\-n aS-n-sb-p-
-Xv. AXn-\p-tijw Fs {]h-\--fpsS `mK-am-bn, Im\-U,
bqtdm-v, B{^n-, Hmkvt{S-enb apX-emb cmPy--fnepw F\nv
k-cn-tn hp. Cu bm{X-bpsS {]m[m-\y-s - f-p-dnv Rm
Fm-bvtmgpw hmNm-e-\m-bn-cn-pw. Fm Ah shtd-\sb
Biz-kn-n-p-hm aXn-bmb hmp-If - m-bn-cp-n. Fs kqvtIkv
ASpn Ah F\nv \In am{X-a Ipn-I-tfm-sSmv Ahsc
t\mn Ah hon Ignp Iqn.
]{X-hm-b\ F\nv Gw {]nbw-I-c-am-bn-cp-p. Hmtcm Znh-k-
sbpw AXy-zm-\-n\v tijw `h-\-n aS-n-hv Rm
]{X-]m-cm-b-W-n apgp-In. Atm Ipn-I Fs Nppw
Ifnpambn-cp-p. CXns\pdnv ]e-tmgpw `mcy-tbmSp \ymbo-
I-cnp Rm kwkm-cn-p. Fm ]I apgp-h thtd\bpw
A[zm-\n-n-cpp FXv Rm kuI-cy-]qw hnkva-cn-p. Ah
Fs Hmn-n-p-tm Rm A]-kzcw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
hnhml Pohn-X-ns Bcw-`-n- At\ym\yw an-p-
hm R ]Tn-n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n R-fpsS PohnXw F{]-
Im-ca
- m-bn-cpp F-Xns\pdnv ]e-tmgpw Rm Nnn-m-dpv.
\nc-h[n Z-Xn-I Htc In-en InS-p-d-p-Ibpw Htc `h\w
]n- S p- I bpw sNp- p- s h- nepw Ah Xn- e p B- c nI
110
a hnhml Pohn-X
- n
AI hf-sc-bmWv. hntZz-j-ntXmb aXn sImWv Ah-
cpsS ay-n-ep--Xv. Cu aXn-ens CjvSn-I-I Hcp ]s
hfsc sNdp-Xm-bn-cn-mw. ad-p-t]mb Hcp hnhml hmjnIw,
Hcp sXn-m-c-W, Hcp IpSpw_ khm-cnv Xm-sd-Sp--tm
h Hcp _nkn-\v aonwKv Cs\ t]mIpp Ah-bpsS \o
]n-I.
]m-fn-bpsS ]cn-an-Xn-I a\-n-em-p-hm km[n-p-I-bm-sW-
n \nc-h[n IpSpw-_--I-I Cm-Xm-p-hm km[n-pw.
A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k- Cm-Xn-cn-pI FXmWv A`n-Im-ay-amb
IpSpw-_-Po-hn-Xw AYhm hnhml PohnXw Fv Icp-Xp--h-cp-v.
Fm CXp tIhew anYy-bm-Wv. Cu Xc-n-ep anYym-t_m-
[-n Pohn-p--h Ah-cpsS bYm hnIm-c-sf adp
shv \odn-]p-I-bp-p. IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw Xmdp-am-dm-p-p.
am\p-joI ]cn-an-X-I aqew Pohn-X-n D sXp-Ifpw Ip-
fpw k-km-[m-c-W-bm-Wv. a\p-jy At\ym\yw apdn-hp-I
Dm-p-Xpw sXp-I sNp-Xpw \app Ftmgpw ImWp-
hm km[n-pw. Fs hyn-]-c-amb Pohn-X-n CXn\p--c-
ambn Rm a\-n-em-p-Xv an-pI FXp am{X-am-Wv. Ggp
Fgp-]-Xp-hw an-p-hm-\p Hcp Icp-v.
kn.-F-v. eqbnv (C.S. Lewis) C{]-Imcw Fgp-Xp-p.
ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X-nse \nc-h[n kwK-Xn-I-tfmSp a-Im-Wn-
p-I, `cn-p-hm hcp Ambn A-tbm-Sp \nb-{n-p-hm
{ian-p `m-hn-t\mSv, Ftmgpw ]gn ]d-bp `mcy-tbm-Sv,
kz-X-bn-m a-tfm-Sv, I_-fn-n-p ]p{X-t\m-Sv, F-s\-
bmWv CXv km[n-pI? \psS \ne-\nev]v Fhn-sS-sbv \mw
]cn-tim-[n-p-I, \psS ssZ\w-Zn\w {]m-\-bn, R-fpsS
IS-m-tcmSv R an-p--Xp-t]mse R-fpsS Ip-fpw
Ipd-hp-Ifpw R-tfmSv an-t-Wta' Fv lrZ-b] - qhw ]dbpI.
lmkv & amK-dov tabv
(Hans and Margrit Meir)
am-io-e-ns in Fs amXm-]n-Xm--fmb lmkv
amK-dn-v Z-Xn-I-fpsS IY-bn hy-am-Wv. lmkns apdn-n-
111
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Sp--hpw, ]nSn-hm-inbpw \nanw Ah-cpsS hnhm-l-_--n
hn-ep-I ]e-X-hW Dm-bn-p-v.
1929 Ah-cpsS hnhm-l-n-\p-tijw bp hncps\ \ne-
bn kznvkev cmPys ]m-f-n tNcm--Xn-\m
lmkv XShnem- s - p. Pbn hmkw A\p- ` - h nv aS- n-
hXn\p-tijw A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX amK-dnv Fs ]nXm-a-
l-\pw, ]nXm-a-lnbpw tNv m]n hnizmk kaq-l-n
tNcp-hm Xmev]-cy-s-p. Fm lmkn\v AXn Xmev]-cy-
an-m-bn-cp-p. Ahv BZys inip P\n--Xn-\p-tijw kaq-
l-n tNc-W-sav aK-dnv lmkn-t\mSp tIW-t]-n-p.
Fm lmkv CXn\p hg-n-bn-. At\-I-am-k- Ign--
Xn\ptijw am{X-amWv `mcybpsS At]-bvv Iogvs-Sp-hm
lmkv Xm-dm-b-Xv.
ap-Xp-hj-n-\p-tijw (A-tXm-sSmw Ahv ]Xn-s\mv
Ipn-I P\n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp) kaql Pohn-X-s-p-dnpw k`-
bpsS {]am-W - s
- f-p-dnpw D A`n-{]m-bh
- y-Xym-k
- sf Bkv]-
Z-amn Ah th]n-cn-p. Bruenos Aires F e-tv amdn
Xma-kn-p. lmkv AhnsS \o ]Xn-s\mp hjw X\nsb
]mp. Fm am-dnpw Ipn-I-fpw bp.-F-n-tev IpSn-tbdn
]mp.
At\ym\yw D hntZzjw _mly-ambn {]I-Sn-n--s-n-cp-n
Fnepw tbmPn-n-\p e-Whpw Cm-bn-cp-p. Fm sshcm-
Ky-ns aXn Ah-cpsS CS-bn hfv Ahsc F-t-p-
ambn ths]-Sp kml-Ncyw DS-se-Sp-p. 1966- Ah-cpsS
]p{Xn shtd-\sb (Verena) Rm hnhmlw sNbvX NS-p-I-fnepw
lmkv ]s-Sp-n-.
1922- Fs `mcym-k-tlm-Z-c B{Un-bm-knt\msSmw
A\p-c-RvP-\-n-\mbn Bruenos Aires lmkns\ kin-p.
Fm BZyw lmkv A\p-c-RvP-n\v Xmev]cyw {]I-S-am-n-
bn-. Xs `mKw am{Xw Bhnp ]d-bphm-\mWv lmkv
Xmev]-cy-s--Xv. \nc-h[n XhW X\nv e`y-amb apdn-hp-I-fpsS
Fhpw AXns hnh-c-W--fpw Atlw R-tfmSp Dcp-hn-p.
112
a hnhml Pohn-X-n
Fm Ahn-sS-bp Xma-k-ns Ah-km\ Znhkw At-l-
n GtXm ]pXn-b- amw Df-hm-bn. bp.-F-n hp Rsf
kin-p-hm Xmev]-cy-apv Fv lmkv R-tfmSp ]d-
p. cmgvN Xma-kn-p-hm-\p Hcp aS--bm{X npw
Atlw hmn. AXv Hcp XpSw Bbn-cp-p.
Ah-km\w Atlw hp Fnepw bmsXmcp hyXn-bm-\hpw
ImWm--Xn R `bm-i-b-cm-bn. Fm sXn-m-c-W-Ifpw
AI-m R ]c-am-h[n ]cn-{i-an-p. R-fpsS `mKv Dmb
Fm hn[ sXp-I-sfbpw R Gp ]dbpIbpw sNbvXp.
Fm Hcp A\p-c-RvP\w DS-se-Sp-n-. an-p-hm-\p Ign-
hp-tISv BWv A\p-c-RvP-\-np hne-p-X-Sn-bmbn \np-Xv
Fv At-l - n\v Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Fm AXv At-l - n\v
km[n-n-.
Hcp hgn-n-cnhv Ah-km\w Df-hm-bn. Ftm-s-n-msX N-
I ]ptcm-K-an-p-tm Imk tcmK-m ac-Wm-k--\mb
Fs Am-h Hans - Herrnann Fgp-tv \nv X\n-p k-
i-nbpw kw`-cnv lmkv sab-dpsS s\v ssIshv ]d-
p, ""lmkv \n\v Ctm hyXymkw hcWw''. aqn IqSn
izmtkm- zm- k - n\v klm- b - I - a mbn HmIv k n- P yq_v C
AhkcamWv Ghpw Zb-\o-b-amb coXn-bn Cu At] \S-
n-b-Xv. At-l-n\v B ka-bv kwkm-cn-p--Xp-t]mepw
hnj-a-I-c-am-bn-cp-p.
CtXmsS lmkv tabdns {]Xn-tcm-[-in ]cn-]q-ambn
\jvS-s-p. At-l-ns lrZb ImTn\yw sh t]mse DcpIn.
B kabw Xs an-p-hm-\p Xocp-am\w FSp-p. IqSmsX
Xs `mcy-tbmSpw Ipn-I-tfmSpw Hp Pohn--W-sapw Xocp-am-
\n-p. Atlw APo-bn-tev aS-n-tmbn Ahn-sS-bp Xs
kwK-Xn-I-sfm-sbpw Xo-Xn-\p-tijw bp.-F-n-tev aSn
Xs IpSpw-_-tm-sSmw Pohn-p.
th]m-Sns hj- \o-Xm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw lmkpw
amK-tdbvpw Xn Dm-bn-cp _w ]q-ambpw ths-
n-cp-n-. lmkv ]c-kv{Xo-I-fp-ambn Hcn-epw _w ]pen-
113
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
bn-cp-n-. AXp-t]mse am-dnv lmkns aS-n-h-c-hn\p
thn Znh-khpw {]mn-p t]mp. Fnepw Ah Xn-ep
_w ]p\-m-]n--s-tS--Xn\v At\Iw \o-hj-
thn-h-p. Fm CXns Xmtm an-p-hm-\p Ignhp
am{X-am-bn-cp-p. Ah-km\w Ah-cpsS hnhm-l-Po-hnXw ]p\m-
]n--s-Sp-Ibpw ktm-j-tmSpw kvt\l-tmSpw IqSn Ah
XpSp Pohn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]Xn-\mdp hj-mew amK-dn-
ns acWw hscbpw B _w \op-\n-p.
FUv & Imtcm (Ed and Carol)
Fs `mcym-am-Xm-]n-Xm--fpsS XI ZmXy Pohn-X-ns
apdn-hp-I kuJy-am--s-Xv hnh-cn-p-h-tm. Fm ]c-kw-K-
m XI Zm-X-_w icn-bm-p-hm kmytam? Zm-
Xy-_--n I_-fn--s `mthm `mcytbm an-pI
FXv km[ytam? an-mepw Ahv hopw Hcp-an-p-hm
kmytam?
aqp hjw apv Rm FUv Imtcm Z-Xn-Iv Iuk-
enwKv \Ip-I-bp-m-bn. Ah-cpsS hnhm-l-n\p app Xsbpw
FUv Hcp aZy-]m-\n-bm-bn-cp-p. hnhml Pohn-X-ns BZy Zi-
I-fn Xsbpw Cu aZym-kn {]iv\- krjvSn-p. CsXm-gn-
m ap {]iv\--sfmpw CmsX IpSpw_w Xn-\o-n.
A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX Ahv Ipn-Ifpw Dm-bn. BZyw Hcp
BIpn ]noSv Hcp s]Ip-n. ]pdp \np t\mp-tm
Hcp kwXr]vX IpSpw-_w. Fm B-co-Ia - mbn FUpw Imtcmfpw
At\ym\yw AI-p-sIm-n-cp-p. CXns\ XpSp FUv Hcp
Abhm-knbpw Bbn {]W-b-_--n-em-bn.
Cu Z-Xn-I Ipsd-hj-p tijw R-fpsS k`-bn
AwKXzw kzoI-cn-p. GI-tZiw Cu kabw FUv Xs Ipw Gp-
]-d-hm Xbm-dm-bn. Xs `mcy Imtcmfnt\mSpw ]noSv FtmSpw
Abm Ip-k-Xw \S-n. Xs a\-mn X\nv kam-[m\w
\In-bn-cp-n Fpw AXp-t]mse Hcp clkyw Imp kqn-
p--Xns kw Xmm-\m-hp--Xn-e-[n-I-am-bn-cpp Fpw
FUv Gp ]d-p.
114
a hnhml Pohn-X
- n
Fm Imtcmfn\v CXv CSno hoW-Xp-t]msebmbn. IpSpw-
_-Po-hn-X-n Ftm Ipg---sfm-sbpw Dv Fv Ah
a\-n-em-n-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw Xm \nc-cw I_-fn--s-Sp-I-
bmWv F-X-h kz]vt\ Nnn-n-. X-fpsS hnhml PohnXw
F-t-p-ambn Ah-km-\np Fpw FUnt\mSp an-p-hm
X\nv Hcn-epw kmy-a F Imtcm Xop ]d-p.
Imtcmfns tIm]-hn-Im-c-tmSp A\p-I Imp-hm Hcp
]t Ign-tpw Fm ""Rm Hcn-epw \ntmSp an-
p-I-bn'' Fp Imtcm-fns {]Xn-I-c-W-tmSp \qdp-i-X-am\w
tbmPn-p-hm kmy-a-. a Fp hnIm-c-t-m D]-cn-
bmbn Hcp \oXn t_m[w At AhnsS IqSp-X-em-bn {]Zin-n-
-s-Sp--Xv. Ah-fpsS Dns Dn Xm kvt\ln-p ]pcp-
j-\p-samv kam-[m-\-tmsS Pohn--W-sa-p B{K-l-amWv.
Abm Xs Ipn-I-fpsS ]nXm-hp-am-Wv. Fm BZyw aZy-]m\w
]noSv ]c-kw-Kw. CXn\v \oXn-]q-amb ]cn-lmcw Bbn Ah
IXv Atbm-tfmSv an-m-Xn-cn-pI F-Xp-am-{X-am-Wv. Abm
Aln-m a \Ip-hm Ah Xm-d-. AXmWv \oXn-
bp--amb Nnm-K-Xn.
FUn\pw Imtcmfn\pw X-fpsS {]iv\- Xop--Xn\v
IqSp-X kabw Bh-iy-am-sWv F\nv Adn-bm-am-bn-cp-p. Ah
Hcp-anv Xma-kn-pI FXv Am-y-am-bn-cp-p. Ah Xn
Hcp ]pXnb _w hfn-sb-Sp-t-n-bn-cp-p. Hcp Xmm-
enI th]n-cn-b apJm-cw ]pXn-b-Im-gvN-m-Sp-I- e`y-am-Ip-hm
Ahv Ah-kcw Hcpn Fv Rm Icp-Xn. Hcp ]s X-
fpsS kvt\lspdnv Ab-hn-d - p-hm\pw CXv klm-bI - c
- a
- mIpw
Fpw Rm Nnn-p.
As\ Ah At\ym\yw amdn-m-a-kn-p. Ahsc cp-t]-
scbpw Rm amdn amdn Iuk-enwKv \S-n. Xs Ahn-iz--
X-bpsS Bg-s-p-dnv FUn\v t_m[w hcp-hm Rm Abmsf
klm-bn-p. AXp-t]mse Xs FUnt\mSv an-p-hm Xm-
dm-Ip-n Fn Imtcmfns Pohn-X-n Abm Xs Pohn-
X-n hcp-nb apdn-hp-I DW-p-I-bn- F hmkvXhw
115
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? a hnhml Pohn-X-n
Itcmfns\ t_my-s-Sp-p-hm\pw Rm {ian-p. Fm
Iuk-enw-Kns `mK-ambn FUv Xs F-t-p-ambn Dt]-
n-p t]mIptam F `b-hpw, AXp kw`-hn-m-Xn-cn-m FUns\
kzoI-cn-p-hm-\p a\pw IqSp-X-embn shfn-s-p.
Ah-km\w Itcmfns Bh-iy-{]-Imcw Ah At\ym\yw
t^m kw`m-j-W- \S-p-Ibpw AXv Ah-cpsS tIm]-hnIm-
c-sf XWp-n-pbpw, kvt\l-n-sbpw kam-[m-\-n-sbpw
hnIm-c- Xfnv hf-cpIbpw sNbvXp. Ah-km\w Ah apJm-
apJw ImWp- h m Xbm- d m- b n. am\- k o- I - a m- b p Dbbpw
XmgvNbpw Itcmfn\v A\p-`-h-s-p-sh-nepw FUnt\msSmw
XpSp Pohn-m-\p B{Klw {]I-Sn-n-p-hm Ah k-
-bm-bn. X-fpsS Ipn-I-fpsS kwc--Wbvp thn am{X-am-
bn-cp-n kzw kam-[m-\-n\pw kvt\l-n\pw {]m[m\yw
Iev]n-Xp aqe-am-bn-cp B Xocp-am-\w. As\ B `h-\-n
\nv amdn Xma-kn FUn\v am{X-a, X\npw IqSn Hcp ]v
AXn Dv F t_m[hpw Ah-fpsS a-bpsS `mKam-bn-p-
m-bn-cp-p. CtXm-sSmw FUv Xs aZy-]m\w \np-Ibpw
X-fpsS IpSpw-_-Po-hnXw sa-am-p-hm Xm Bhp-Xp
sNpw F hmKvZm\w \Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Ah-km\w ]p amk-n-p-tijw Ah Hn-p-tNp.
Ah-cpsS ]pXnb XpS--n-\p-thn Hcp {]tXyI ip{iqj
\Sn. B ip-{iq-jm-aty Ah ]c-ky-ambn ]c-kv]cw an-
p-Ibpw X-fpsS hnhm-l-ns ]p\ {]Xn-jvT-\-S-p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. ktm-j-tmSp IqSn Ah tamXncw ssIam-dn.
hnhm-l-tam-N\w kpe-`-amb \psS Cs kaq-l-n,
\mw Hcp-anv Xma-kn-m Z-Xn-Isf ]gn-Nm-cm-dp-v. As\
sNp-Xp icn-b-. ]s Cu Z-Xn-I-fpsS A\p-`-h-ns
shfn--n, AXp-t]mse an At\Iw Z-Xn-Ifpw Bbp
Iuk-enw-Kn-sbpw A\p-`-h-n-sbpw shfn--n At\-Im-
bn-c
- sf IpSpw-_- I - -bn \nv hnSp-hn-m-sa-p {]Xymi-
bmWv F\n-p--Xv.

116
an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? amXm-]n-Xm--tfm-Sp a

A[ymbw 10

amXm-]n-Xm--tfm-Sp a
`qX-Im-e-ns ]nSn-bn \nv hnSp-X e`np ]pXnb coXn-
I kzmb--am-p-hm km[npw FXv A`n-Im-ay-am-b Imcy-
am-Wv. Cu ]pXpa e`y-am-Ip--Xn\v AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Hcp ]Sn-I-S-
t--Xm-bp-v. a-bp-tS-XmWv {]kvXpX Imsh-bv]v. kvt\lw
hfsc ]cn-an-X-amb coXn-bn am{Xw a\-n-em-n-bn-phv
Fs-nepw ]I-c-ambn e`n-ptam F Nn-bn-msX a e`y-
am-Ip-p.
HENRI J.M. NOUWEN
am\-kn-Ia- mbpw, imco-cn-Ia
- mbpw, ssewKo-Ia
- mbpw ssii-h - n
kw`-hn-p hf-sc-b-[n-Iw inip-]o-U-\-ns hm-I,
Sn.-hn., ]{X- Cs\ Fm-am-y-a-fn IqsSbpw {in--
s-Sp Hcp Ime-b-f-hn-emWv \mw Pohn-p--Xv. s]mXp-P-\-sf
Cu {i-bn-tep Xncn-p-hm-\p \nc-h[n kw`-h-fpw IY-
Ifpw Zin- p- h m km[n- pw. Fm Cu {]iv \ n\v
bYm ]cn-lm-ctam CXn IqSn apdn-thhcpsS kuJytam
Bcpw Xs ]cn-K-Wn-p-n. FhnsS Ftm CXn\v ]cn-
lmcw DmIpw?
Hmtcm IpSpw-_-n-sbpw kz`m-h-fpw nXn-hn-ti-j-fpw
Hmtcm Ip-Ir-Xy-f - psS kml-Nc - y-fpw hyXy- - f- m-bX
- n-\m
s]mXp-hmb Hcp am-\ntZiw \Ip--Xn sshj-ay-ap-v.
Fm A\p-c-RvP-\-ns am- Hcn-epw Dt]-n--
cpXv FmWv Xmsg sImSp-n-cn-p DZm-l-c-W- shfn-hm-
p--Xv. ASn--an-bmepw Dbns-gpt-s-Sp a\p-
jys am\-knI inbpw lrZ-b-ns AKm-[-X-bn Zriy-am-
Ip-, {]Xym-i-\Ip kvt\l-ns hnIm-chpw BWv CXns
]nnse tNtXm-hn-Im-cw.

117
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? amXm-]n-Xm-t- fm-Sp a
tUm (Don) Fp-sImv tUm CXp-sNbvXp F tNmZy-n\v Dcw
Hpw Xs Ah\v \Ip-hm Cm-bn-cp-p. `h-\ - n XpSp
GI- t Ziw \mev ] - t Xmfw _p- Hcp- a np Ignp
Xma-kn-p-hm-\p Xocp-am-\w Hcp hoc IrXy-amtbm Hcp k{]-
IqSnb Hcp Iqp-Ip-Spw-_-n-em-bn-cpp tUm Pohn-n-cp--Xv.
hn-bmtbm tUm Nnn-n-. \nm-lm-b-\mb Xs ]nXm-
A-te-n-b (Appalachian) Irjn-bnSnse AXns hcp-am-\-
hns\ ]cn-N-cn-pI FXmsX ap-am- Hpw Xs
n Ah Ghcpw Hcp-anv Ign-p-Iq-Sn. {Iqc-amb ]e s]cp-
Ahs apn Dm-bn-cp-n-. ""]nXm-hn\v Fs Bh-iy-ap-
am coXn-Ifpw B Iqp-Ip-Spw-_-n \S-am-Sn. Nne kzw IpSpw-
m-bn-cp--Xn-\m Rm Xma-knp'' Fp am{X-am-bn-cpp
_mw-K-sf At\ym\yw ac-n sIn-q-p-hm {ian-p-am-
Ahs {]Xn-I-c-Ww.
bn-cpp. Hcp sNdnb tXmn Dp-\n-dv hen-b Ipn-I-fpsS
t\sc \nd-sbm-gn-v A\p-k-cW ]Tn-n-n-cp-p. `qX-Im-e-ns Ibv]p \nd Hm-I tUmWns\ Ae-m-
dp-v. Xs ]nXm-hn\pw Dnse ]nim-Np--tfmSv s]mcp-tX--
tUmWn\v GI-tZiw ]p-h-bp {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp--tm
Xm-bn-p-v F-h-\-dnbmw ]s X-fpsS Dnse \ntj-[m-
amXm-]n-Xm- temv sFeUv (Long Island) F e-
-Ia - mb hnIm-c
- s
- f-p-dnv Xpdp kwkm-cnphm\pw `mc-sf
tv amdn Xma-kn-p. AhnsS Xmakw XpS-n-b-tm IpSpw-
At\ym\yw Npa-phm\pw Ctm Ahv km[n-p-p. am{X-
_-ns km-nI \ne sa-s-p. Fm Ah-cpsS IpSpw-
a Xs ]nXm-hns\ ip{iq-jn-p--Xn IqSn Hcp ka-bv
_-_-- Hpw-Xs sa-s-n-. A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX
X\nv e`n-m-Xn-cp kvt\lw e`n-p--Xmbpw A\p-`-h-s-
tUmWns amXmhv Xs Ipn-I-sfbpw Dt]-n-p. As\ Ipn-
Spp. CXns\ bYm a-bpsS A\p-`-h-ambn IcpXmw Fv
I ]nXm-hns tat\m-n-em-bn. Abm ]Xn-hmbn Ipn-Isf
tUm Ah-Im-i-s-Sp-p Fm-bn-cpmepw Hcp ]cn-]q-Xbpw
an-p-h-p. Abmsf `bv Ah Pohn-p. kvIqfn \np-h-cp-
kuJyhpw tUmWn\v e`y-am-bn.
tm Xv Fsmw e`npw F `oXn- Ahsc Aen.
A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX tUmWns ]nXmhv Hcp A]-I-S-n
Im IosUenwKv (Karl Keiderling)
s]v icocw Xfp-t]m-bn. Hcp kabw {Iqc-\mbn hn Ipdp hj-p apv F]-Xn]cw hb-p--tm
]nXmhv ap--h-cpsS Zbm-]p-c--ambn s]cp-am--n Pohn-t- ac-W-a-S Im-fn-\p thZ-\m-P-\-Ihpw ZpxJ-]qhpw Bb Hcp
p kml-N-cy-n-em-bn-o-p. _meyImew Dmbn-cp-p. Hcp P sXmgn-emfn IpSpw-_-n
P\n Imfns _mey-Im-e-m-bn-cpp Hmw temI-a-lm-bp-w.
B Xc-nep Hcp kml-N-cy-n \nv c-t\-Sm-\mWv
AXns\ XpSp-mb km-nI {]Xn-k - n-If
- n IqSn Imfn\v
Ghcpw {ianm-dp--Xv. Fm tVm As\ Bbn-cp-n.
IS-p-t]m-tIn hp. kzw amXmhv \mep-h-b-p--tmgpw
Zb-\o-bm-hbn Ign ]nXm-hns ASp- Xs Ah
cm-\ Imfn\v ]Xn-\m-ep-hb -
- p-t- mgpw ac-Wa - S-
- p. ]nXmhv
klm-b-n-mbn \ne-sIm-p. Xs ]nXm-hn\v `Ww \Ip-
Imfns\ Hcp {]iv\-ambn IW-mn F-Xn-\m kwK-Xn-I
Ibpw Ipfn-n-bpw hkv{Xw [cn-n-p-Ibpw, Ne-\a- n-m ssIIm-
IqSp-X hj-fm-bn. Imfns ]nXmhv cmw `mcy-bpS ac-W-tijw
ep-Iv hymbmaw \Ip-Ibpw sNp-hm tUm Xbm-dm-bn.
Hcp ]ckyw \In. AXv C{]-Im-c-am-bn-cp-p. ""hn`m-cy-\mb
Hcp ka-bv Xs D]-{Z-hn ssIIm-ep-Iv Poh \Ip-hm-
Hcmv aqp s]Ip-n-Isf t\mn `h\w Imp kqn-p-
\mWv Ah {ian--Xv. Xs hnhm-l-n-\p-tijw ]nXm-hns\
hm-\m-bn Hcp kv{Xosb Bh-iy-ap-v. hnhm-l-n-\p km[y-
]cn-N-cn-p-hm apgp-h kabw Hcp t\gvkns\ \nb-an-p-Ibpw
Xbpw AtXm-sSmw hmKvZm\w sNp-p.'' Fm Cu ]c-ky-
sNbvXp. Fnepw \ncm-ew_-\mb ]nXm-hns\ Ah ]Xn-hmbn
n Imfns t]cv Ds-Sp-n-bn-cp-n-.
kin-p-am-bn-cp-p.
118 119
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Cu ]ckyw Ip ]e kv{XoIfpw At]--I kan-p.
Ah-km\w Hcp kv{Xo Cu tPmen Gs-Sp-p. Fm Ah
Imfns kmnyw a\-n-em-n-bXv Ipsd Ignp am{X-am-bn-
cpp. Imfns `Ww hfsc tami-am-bn-cpp Fp am{X-a-,
Ah Imfns\pdnv Ftmgpw Ipw ]d-bp-Ibpw tami-ambn
kwkm-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp-hp.
Fm Imfns ]nXmhv CtX-p-dnv \n-_vZ-\m-bn-cpp
Fp am{X-a Ahs\ klm-bn-p-hm bmsXmpw sNbvXn-.
{ItaW Ah IqsSqsS iIm-c-hm-p-I hjn-p-hm\pw D]-
{Z-hn-m\pw XpS-n. AXn-\p-thn D {]tXyI D]-I-cWw
XpIsIm-p Hcp Nm-hm-dm-bn-cp-p. AXns Hc-v ({_mv)
]n--f -sIm-p Hcp hf-bhpw Dm-bn-cp-p. Im {]Xn-I-cn-p-
hm {ian-p-sh-nepw AXv ]nXm-hns tIm]w hn-n-p-Ibpw
ASn-bpsS in Iqp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
tUmWns IY-bn \npw hyXy--ambn Im Xs `h-\-
n \nv HmSn-tm-bn. A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX tkmjy-env
{]m-\-n tNv bph-P-\--tfm-sSmw Xma-knp {]h-
np. Ah-km\w Fs hen-b-\pw hen-b-bpw Xma-kn-n-
cp kaq-l - n hp-tNp. Fs hen-b - Imfns\ ktm-
j-tm-Sp-IqSn B kaq-l-n kzoI-cn-p, Ahs\ Bt-jn-p-
sImv ]dp. ""\ns hc-hn-\mbn R Im-n-cn-p-I-bm-bn-
cp-p.''
CXn kp-jvS-\mb Im Ah-tcm-sSmw Xma-kn-p-hm
Xocp-am-\n-p. Ahn-sS-bp {]h-\--fn-semw Xs, ktm-
j-tmSp IqSn ]m-fn-bm-bn. shw tImcp-Ibpw hnd-Ip-sh-p-
Ibpw IrjnWn sNp-Ibpw sNbvXp Ah kaq-l-Po-hn-X-n
]p-sIm-p. Fm Ahs sNdp--Im-es thZ-\-I,
Ahs ]nXm-hn-t\mSpw cm-\--tbm-Sp-ap hntZzjw Ahs\
hnp-am-dn-bn-. Znhkw tXmdpw Cu hntZzjw hn-p-h
- p. Ahs
Cu Zphn-Im-c- Ahs Fm \-I-sfbpw ad-bvp Hm-
bn-op.
Ah-km\w Im Fs ]nXm-hn-sb-Spp hv Xs {]iv\-
]p-sh-p. Fm ]nXm-als {]Xn-I-cWw Imfns\ A-
120
amXm-]n-Xm--tfm-Sp a
cn-n-p. ""\o \ns amXm-]n-Xm--tfmSv a tNmZnv Fgp-XpI''
Ah-cpsS Ipd-hp-Isf ]gn-msX \ns Ipd-hp-Isf {in-p-I.''
CXv a\-n-em-p-hm\pw B D]-tZiw AwKo-I-cn-p-hm\pw Im
Ipsd ka-b-sa-Sp-p. Fm Ah-km\w Cu Xc-n-ep Hcp
Iv FgpXn Xs ]nXm-hn\v Ab-p. ]nXmhv DS adp-]-Snbpw
\In. B adp-]Snn ]nXmhv Imfn-t\mSv a tNmZn-n
Fnepw AXv Imfn\v _m[-I-am-bn-. ]nXm-hn-t\mSp an--Xn
Xs Dn ]pI hntZz-j - n\v Adp-Xn-h
- p. kam-[m-\
- ns
Bmhv Imfn \nd-p. Xs _mey-Imesp-dnv Im
]noSv Hcn-epw hne-]n-n-.
adnb (Maria)
Fs `mcy-bpsS _-n-ep adn-bbvpw D]-{Z-h-Im-cn-bmb
Xs ]nXm-hns ka--p-\npw CXp-t]mse hnSp-X e`y-
ambn.
""Fs A 42mw hb-n Fs ]nXm-hns\bpw Hp
apXe ]-p-h-b-p-hsc {]mb-ap Fp IpnIsfbpw hnv Cl-
tem-I-hmkw shSn-p. A-bpsS acWw Ghpw {]tXy-Inpw
R-fpsS ]nXm-hnp Hcp BLmXw Bbn-cp-p. Rv
Ghpw Bh-iy-ap-m-bn-cp ka-bv ]nXmhv am\-ko-I-ambn
XI Akz-X {]I-Sn-n-p. AXns ^e-ambn kzbw \nb-
{Ww \jvS-s-v Fs ktlm-Z-cn-sbbpw Ftbpw ]oUn-n-
p-hm {ian-p. ]nXm-hns ASp- \npw amdphm R
AXp-aqew {ian-p. At-ls AtXm-sSmw shdp-m\pw XpSn.
CXn-\p-tijw hnZym-`ym-k-n\v sXt Ata-cn--bn \nv
Rm P-\n-bn-tev t]mbn. ]no-Sp Ggp-\o hjw Rm
Fs ]nXm-hns\ In-. Fm ]nXm-hn-t\m-Sp hntZz-jhpw
shdppw Fs lrZ-b-n hfp sImn-cp-p.
bqtdm-n \np aS-n-h--Xn\v tijw Hcp _mey-Ime kJn-
bp-ambn Rm {]W-b-n-em-bn. Rsf Hcp-anv ImWp-hm
]nXmhv B{K-ln-p. Fm Rm AXn\v kXw \In-bn-.
Fs ]nXm-hns\ ImWp--Xn\v F\nv bmsXmcp B{K-lhpw
Dm-bn-cp-n-.
121
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Cu IqSn-m-gvNsb Rm shdp-p--Xns ImcWw Fs
{]Xn-{ip-X-h-c\p a\-n-em-bn-. Fs ]nXmhv Hcp A\p-c-RvP-\-
n\p {ian-p-p-sh-n Rm AXn\v hgn-s-SW - sav Atlw
]d-p. kvt\l-]qh-amb At-l-ns \n_--n\v, Hcp
D{K-am-\-koI t]mcm--n\v tijw Rm hg-n.
Hcp It^-bn Hcp taibvv Nppw R ]nXm-hn-t\m-sSmw
Ccp-p. Fs-nepw Hcp hmv Rm Dcn-p--Xn\p apmbn
\pdp-nb lrZ-b-tmsS Atlw Fs t\mn FtmSv a
Bh-iy-s-p. bmsXm-cp-am-\-koI {]Xn-tcm-[-fpw CmsX Fs
a\v B{Z-am-bn. B \nanjw Xs an-p-hm F\nv km[np.
AX-msX F\nv bmsXmcp t]mwh-gnbpw Cm-bn-cpp.
inip ]oU\w hfsc Kuc-h-amb Hm-Wv. tUm, adnb Fn-
hv X-fpsS ]nXm-hn-t\mSv an-p-hm km[n-p. apXn-
hcpw _menIm _me-mcpw Xn Xpe\w sNp-tm apXn-
hmWv kzm[o-\hpw inbpw _menIm _me-m-cmWv _en-
bm-Sp-I. \nc-]-cm-[n-I-fmb Cu _en-bm-Sp-I Fn\v apXn-
h-tcmSp an-Ww?
\n`m-Ky-h-im Xfpw sXns ]m-fn-I-fmWv F Nn
Cu _en-bm-Sp-I-fmb _menIm _memsc Ae-p-p. Xv
`hn-Xv X-fpsS Xs tZmj-ambn ]oU-\-n\v Cc-bm-b-h
hymJym-\n-p-p. X-fpsS ta D ]oU\w Ah-km-\n-n-
mepw apXn-h Ah-cpsS B[n-]Xyw Cc-I-fpsS ta \ne-
\np-p. CXpw ]oU-\-ns `mK-am-Wv. bYm-n ]oUn-
n-p hynbpw ]oU-\-n\v Cc-bm-b-hcpw Hcp A-Imc
Xa-n-emWv Pohn-p--Xv. Ah X-fpsS Ip--fm _-\-
-cm-Wv. Bsc-nepw hmXn Xpdv Ahsc ]pd-p-sImp
hcp-Xp hsc Ah B Ah--bn XpS-cp-p. CXn \nv
c-t\-Sn-]p-dp hcp-hm-\p GI-amw "a' Hp-am-{X-am-Wv.
tIbnv (Kate)
Fs Abmcn Bbn-cp tIbvv Xs aZy-]m-\n-bmb ]nXm-
hn-\m ]oUn-n--s-n-cp-p. Xs ]nXm-hn-t\mSv an-pI
FXv tIbnn\v hnj-a-ambn A\p-`-h-s-p. ap--h-cpsS A\p-`-
122
amXm-]n-Xm-t- fm-Sp a
h-sa--Xp-t]mse ]oU-\-n-n-c-bm-b-h-cpsS a ]oUn-n-p-
-hsc am\-m--c-s-Sp-m CS-bm-n.
""cmw temI-a-lm-bp Ime-tijw Hcp sNdnb It\-Un-b
]-W-n-emWv Rm P\n--Xv. Ap ktlm-Z-c--fn Ghw
aqXv Rm\m-Wv. 25 ssa Zqsc-bp Hcp sIn-S-\nm-W-{]-
h-\-n-em-bn-cpp Fs ]nXm-hv. Bb-Xn-\m ]{-p-a-
Wn-q tPmen Ign--Xn-\p-tijw Dm-bn-cp kabw Xptemw
Npcp-n-b-Xm-bn-cp-p.
Rv km-nI ]cm-[o-\-X-I hfsc Bbn-cp-p.
AtXm-sSmw ]d-bp-hm hnj-a-ap ap-]e hn[ {]iv\-fpw
R-fpsS IpSpw-_s t\cn-n-cp-p. F\nv {]mb-amIpw tXmdpw
kwK-Xn-I IqSp-X hj-fmbnsmn-cp-p. F\nv 9 hbp
{]mb-am-b-tm Fs Ghpw Cfb ktlm-Z-c P\np. AXns\
XpSv Ghpw hep-Xmb Hcp Zpcw kw`-hn-p. R-fpsS
amXmhv aZy-]m\w XpS-n.
tIbnns amXmhv aZy-]nv `h-\-n hcp-hm XpS-n-b-
Xns\ XpSp amXm-]n-Xm- Xnth]n-cn-p. IpSpw-_-
PohnXw ]cn-]qambn XIp Xcn--W-am-bn. `h\w Ae-tm-
e-ambn InS-p. XpWn Ae-pI apX-em-b-hbpw Cm-sX-bm-bn.
]Xn-aqv hbp {]mbw hcp tIbnns Npa-X-e-bn-embn kI-
eXpw.
Ghpw Cf-b-h-\mb (Jamie) P-bvan kvIqfn t]mIp-hm XpS-
n. B kabw A Hcn-epw `h-\-n Dm-bn-cp-n-. Krl-
]m-T- sNp-hm F\nbvv kabw e`n-n-. Fs kvIq
]T\w hfsc ]pd-In-em-bn. H]Xmw mkn) Rm tXmp. ASp-
-hjw AtX-m-n F\nv XpS-tcn hp.
Fs cp Cfb ktlm-Z-cn-am ]pXnb tPmen-I kzoI-cnv
amdn-m-a-kn-p. Fm Rm kz`-h-\-n XpSp. Cfb
ktlm-Z-c-sf ]cn-N-cn-p-hm Rm AmsX thdmcp-an-m-bn-
cp-p. hfsc ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cppshnepw Ahv `Ww \Ip-
hm F\nv km[n-p.
123
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
IqSp-X ]Ww e`y-am-Ip-hm Fs amXmhv Hcp ]pXnb amw
Ip-]n-Sn-p. imco-cn-Ihpw am\-ko-Ihpw Bbn sshI-ey-ap--
hvthn \S-n-bn-cp tlmkv]n--ense Xncp Ipd-bvp-
hm A-s\-bphsc Nne`h-\--fn Xma-kn-n-p-hm
Khsa v Xocp-am-\n-p. AXn\v {]tXyI XpIbpw \In. A-
s\-bp cp hr-m-scbpw Hcp kv{Xosbbpw A `h-\-n
kzoI-cn-p.
""Fs InS AXn Hcp hr\v Hgnp sImSpp. B
]pXnb kv{Xotbm-sSmw Hcp U_n _n F\nv Dd-t-
n-bn-cp-p. B kv{Xov Ddw Atijw CmsX Xncnpw
adnpw InS-p-am-bn-cp-p. Ahsc XncnsI tlmkv]n--en Ab-
Ww Fv Rm \n_-n-npw A AXn\v hg-n-bn-. {ian-p. Fm Rm AXn\v hnk--Xn-p. Cv F\nv {]Xn-
Fm amkhpw ]W-ns sNv e`n-p--Xn-em-bn-cpp A-
bpsS Xmev]-cyw.
sshIp-tcw hv Fs klm-bn-m-sav A Gn-cpp
Fnepw B hmKvZm\w Ipd-p-\m am{X-am-bn-cpp ]cn-]m-en--
s--Xv. AXn-\p-tijw Ah hopw aZy-]m-\-n-tev Xncnp.
aZy-]nv Fpw `h-\-n aS-n-h-cpw. AXn\v tijw Fs
`v ]d-bpw. Rm Imc-W-amWv Fm Ipg--fpw hXv Fv
]d-v Fs iIm-cn-pw. B ]d--Xns Aw F\nv
BZyw a\-n-em-bn-cpn-. hnhm-l-n-p-apv K`w [cn inip-
hm-bn-cpp Rm Fpw, B Imc-W-m amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS
\n_-n\v hg-n-bmWv hnhmlw \S--s-Xv Fpap \p Xmev]cyw t^mWn IqsS Adn-bn-p. `m-hmb tmw
hkvXp ]noSv am{X-amWv Rm a\-n-em-p--Xv.
aZy-]m\w Ign--Xn-\p-tijw ]e-tmgpw A Rsf imco-
I-ambn ]oUn-n-p-am-bn-cp-p. Fm ]nt-Zn-hkw cmhnse Fs
apJ-p apdn-hp-I Fs\ kw`-hnp Fv tNmZn-p-tm
AXv A ASn--XmWv Fv Rm Dcw ]d-bpw. Fm
AXv Rm Iw ]d-bp-I-bmWv Fv A k-ev]n-p.
]Xn-\mdp hbp {]mb-am-b-tm tIbnn\v Xs Cfb
ktlm-Z-c-sf ]cn-N-cn-p--Xn\v thn- kvIq]-T\w \n-
tn hp. Fm GI-tZiw B ka-bv Rm Fs
124
amXm-]n-Xm--tfm-Sp a
`mhn-`m-hmb tmapw Bbn ]cn-N-b-s-p. cp hj-n\v
tijw Rm tmans\ hnhmlw Ign-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ""BcmWv
`h-\-nse tPmen-I C\n sNp-Xv'' Fv FtmSv A
tNmZn--tm AXv Ahfn Df-hm-nb Ip-t_m[w tIbnns
a\-n Ctmgpw \ne-\np-p. hnhm-l-n-\p-tijw tIbnv
tman t\msSmw Xma-knp kzw IpSpw_w cq]o-I-cn-p.
""Fs amXm-hns\ ]cn-]q-ambn ad-W
- s- av Rm Nnnp.
F\nv Fs kzw IpSpw-_s ]cn-N-cn--Ww. Ftm-sSmw
hm-ey-\n-[n-I-fmb tmans amXm-]n-Xm- Xma-kn-p-p.
hm-ey-\n-[n-I-fmb Ah Fs Ipp-sf kvt\ln-p-Ibpw
Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNp-p. Fs amXmhv _w ]p\-m-]n-p-hm
I-c-W-ti-jn-bp-v.
Fs amXm-]n-Xm--fpsS hnhm-l-tam-N\w tImS-Xn-bn hn[n
{]kvXm-hn-p. AXns\ XpSv Fs amXmhv Xs aZy-]m\w
]q-ambpw Dt]-n-p. c-k--n-\p acp-p-Ifpw aZyw
Hcp-anp tNm-ep amc-I-amb `hn-j-p--sf-p-dnv Fs
amXm-hn\v t_m[yw hp. Cu hyXn-bm-\- Fs amXm-hn
Df-hmbn Fnepw Ahsc kin-p-hm F\nv a\-p-h-n.
Asb hniz-kn-p-hm F\nv sshjayw t\cnp.''
Ipsd hj-p-tijw sIbnn\v asmcp Ipp P\n-p.
B kabw Ah-fpsS amXmhv B ss]X-ens\ kin-p--Xn-
Bbn-cpp B t^m kw`m-jWw \S-n-b-Xv. B ki-\-
n\v tmw BWv tIbnns amXm-hns\ Wn-Xv. Fm
AXv tIbnns\ tcmjm-Ip-e-bm-n.
""Rm Ien-sImv Xpn-m-Sn. Cu `h-\-n Imep-Ip-m
k-Xn-b - n Fv t^m sNbvXv A-tbmSp ]d-bp-hm Rm
tmant\mSv Bh-iy-s-p. ""CXv Fs ss]X-emWv Fs amXmhpw
Bbn ]n-Sp-hm Rm B{K-ln-p-n'' Fv Rm tmant\mSv
Ii-\-ambn ]d-p. Fs Aajw aqew Rm lo\-ambn s]cp-
am-dn. Fm ]noSv Rm AXn-s\-p-dnv ]cn-X-]n-p. Fs
125
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
CS-h-I-bnse ]-m-cs\ kinv Fs hnNm-c-hn-Im-c-
]dp tInp.
Fs hnh-c-W-sf Atlw {i-tbmsS {ihn-p. Rm
]dp Ignpw Atlw A`n-{]m-b-sampw Xs \In-bn.
At-l - ns {]Xn-Ic
- W
-
- n-p-thn Rm Imn-cp-p. Rm
sNbvXXv XnIpw icn-bmWv F Nnbnem-bn-cpp Atl-
tmSv Fmw ]d--Xv. At-l-ns BiohmZw AXn\v e`n-
p-sav Rm {]Xo-n-p. Fm Atlw ]d hmp-I ]hpw ISp-hpw ]cn-lm-k-I-c-amb \mhpw Fs hfsc `b-s-Sp-
Fs Ap-X-s-Sp-n. "A-bp-am-bp A\p-c-RvP\w \n\v
Bh-iy-am-Wv. Xmv Fs Asb Adn-bp-hm ]mSn.' Rm
]-m-c-t\mSp ]d-p. ""AXp-ambn _-s-Sp--cpXv'' Fm-bn-
cp-p At-l-ns {]Xyp--aw.
GXm-bmepw Fs A R-fpsS `h-\ - n hp. Abvv
AkpJw ]nSn-s]-n-cp--Xn-\m hf-sc-b-[nIw ]cn-N-cWw Bh-
iy-am-bn-cp-p. Fm Rm hf-sc-sbmpw AXn-\p-thn
sNbvXn-. A-bpsS ki-\-ns Ah-km\ Znh-k--fn
Ftm FtmSp ]d-bphm Xmev]-cy-s-Sp--Xmbn F\nv A\p-
`-h-s-p. F\nv ]d-hm-\p--sXmw {i-tbmsS tI-hm
A Xm-dm-bn-cp-p. kwkmc thf-bn Hcp ]pXnb _w
m]n--s--XmWv F hnNmcw A-bvpv Fv F\nv
a\-n-em-bn. _-n\p hne-p-X-Sn-bmbn \np--sXmw
Xs amp-hm\pw A Xbm-dm-bn. F\npw Hcp ]pXnb _w
XpS-t--Xns Bhiyw tXmn-bn-cp-p. Fm A-bpsS
Cu {iaw apJm-cw A-tbmSv a-Im-tWw F Nn Fn
hcn-Ibpw Rm ]q-ambpw A-tbmSv an-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
DS Xs F\nv Bizm-khpw kuJyhpw e`y-am-bn. h-\m-
Xo-X-am-sW-nepw AXn IqsS e`y-amb B-coI kam-[m\hpw
ktm-jhpw Cpw \ne-\np-p.
kqk (Susan)
amXm-]n-Xm-fpw Ipn-Ifpw Xn-ep am\-knI hnS-hp-Ifpw
kwLj-fpw ]e-tmgpw {it-b-a-. Imen-t^mWn-bm-m-
cn Bb kqk amXm-]n-Xm--fm Ah-K-Wn--s-n-cp-n-.
126
amXm-]n-Xm-t- fm-Sp a
Fm kzw amXm-hns hyn-Xz-n Ah kpjvSbmbn-
cp-n-. Ah Xn AI-ep-Ibpw _w XWp-\mbn-o-cp-
Ibpw sNbvXp. tIbnnt\smse kqk\pw kzw hntZz-j-
sbpw shdp-n-s\bpw a\-n-em-p-Ibpw an-p-Ibpw sNp-
-Xn kuJyhpw kam-[m-\hpw {]m]n-p.
""F\nv Hm h \map-Xp-X-sbpw Fs Abpw
Bbn-p-ff _w kpJ-I-c-am-bn-cp-n-. A-bpsS n{]-tIm-
n-bn-cp-p. Asb ktm-jn-n-pI FXv F\nv Am-
[y-am-bn-cp-p. CXns ]cn-WnX ^e-am-bn, AtbmSv \nKq-U-
amb hntZz-jhpw tIm]hpw F\nv Dm-bn-. Fs sNdp--Imew
apX e`n-p-h A\oXn]c-amb s]cp-am---sfbpw, ITn-\-hm-
p-I-sfbpw AXp-t]mse ap ]oU-\--sfbpw Rm Fs a\-
n sImp-\-S-p. Ah-cpsS s]cp-amsf-p-dnv Rm AXo-
h-ambn Nnn-p. Fs-s X-s--h-fm-bn, Ah-K-Wn--s-
-h-fmbn Icp-Xn.
Xpd-Xpw hniz-kvX-Xbpw D Hcp _w R Xn
Dm-bn-n-. AXn \np-hy-Xy--ambn apXn ap ]e-cnepw
{]tXy-Inpw Fs A[ym-]-I-cnepw Rm ic-W-s-p. Fm
Cu _-sf sshIm-cn-I-ambn Fs A shdp-n-cp-p. kz`-
h-\-n \nv amdn CXp-t]mse Bcp-sS-sb-nepw `h-\-n-tev
Zs-Sp-n-cp-p-sh-n Fv Rm Bin-p. Cu Xc-n-ep
hnIm-c--sfms Dm-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw Fs AwKo-I-cn--W-
sa B{Klw Fn IqSn hp. Fs bYm hnIm-c-sf
ad-p-shv \-Xmbn s]cp-am-dp-hm Rm {ian-p.
bu-\-am-b-tm Fs ]e-hn[ {]iv\-fpw hn-p. Fs
tIm]-hn-Im-c- sf ]pd-t-p-hn-Sp-hm-\p-XI
- p am-sf Rm
Xnc-s-Sp-p. Fs Asb I_-fn-n-p-hm ]e am-fpw
Rm Nnn-p. Fs amXm-]n-Xm--fp-ambn \ _apmbn-
cp CS-h-I---m-c-\p-ambn Hcp Ahn-lnX _w Ipsd \mf-
tv amXm-]n-Xm--tfmSp {]Xn-Im-c-sa-tmWw Dm-bn. Ah-
km\w B _w Ah-km-\nnp Rm tImtf-Pn-tev t]mbn.
AhnsS F\nv Hcp m\w e`y-am-bn. AXns tijw Fs
127
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? amXm-]n-Xm--tfm-Sp a
hnhm-lhpw Ign-p. Fnepw Fs amXm-hn-t\m-Sp hntZzjw cpp Fpw Bsc-nepw Hcm a tNmZn-msX A\pcRvP\w
XpSp Fm AXv {]tXy- I - X - c - n- e p Hcp _w kmy-a Fpw Rm a\-n-em-n.
Bbncpp. Fs amXm- h ns\ ktm- j n- n- - W - s a- p A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX Rm Fs amXm-]n-Xm-sf k-
XojvWbpw B hntZz-j-tm-sSmw \ne-\n-p. inp. amXm-hn-t\m-sSmw am{X-ambn kabw sNe-h-gn ka-bv
imco-cn-Ihpw am\-ko-Ihpw Bb ]e-hn[ sshj-ay--fn IqSn Rm A-tbmSv a bmNn-p. Ign Imev tami-ambn s]cp-
Fs amXmhp IS-p-t]m-bn. Fm GsX-nepw Xc-n-ep am-dn-b-Xn\v amv At]-n--Xn-t\m-sSmw A-tbmSv an-p-
A\p-I {]I-Sn-n-p-hm F\nbvv Ign-n-. aZy-]m-\m-k-n- hm\pw Rm Xm-dm-bn. Fp-sIm-mWv Fv Adn-hm ]mSn-
bn \nv hnSp-X e`n-p--Xn\p thn-bp Hcp ]-Xn-bn m-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw A-tbmSv F\nv Dm-bn-cp tIm]n\v
Fs amXmhv ]s-Sp-p. B kabw Rm Fs amXmhpw Rm a ]d-p. Fs tIm]-ns ImcWw Abvv a\-
Bbn _-s-p. At\ym\yw ]p-h-bvm\pw kwK-Xn-I Xpd- n-em-bn- Fnepw Fn Df-hm-nb apdn-hp-Iv Abpw
p-]-d-hm\pw D Hcp k`-ambn AXp amdn. Fm Xpd-- a tNmZn-p. kw`-hn-Xv kw`-hnp; Xncp-p-hm kmy-a-.
s B hmXn hopw AS-p. AXn\v Rm amXm-hns\ ]gn- \apv aptm-p-t]mImw' FmWv A ]d--Xv.
Nmcn Fnepw Fv sImv FXv F\nbvv a\-n-em-bn-. XI _--fn IqSn Pohn-p--hv Ghpw D-a-
Ah-km\w BWv A-bpsS bYm kz`mhw F\nv shfn- amb hmp-I-fm-Wn-h. Ign--Xns\ amp-hm Bpw kmy-
hmbn h-Xv. _mly-ambn hfsc ss[cyhpw ka-Nn--Xbpw {]I- a. Fm \mw an-p-hm Xm-dm-bm A\p-c-RvP\ `mh-
Sn-n-p-am-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw B-co-I-ambn ]e Zu_-ey-fpw n aptmp Kan-mw.
Dm-bn-cp-p F-XmWv bmYmyw. _mey-Im-es ]e hn[
apdn-hp-Ifpw A-bpsS lrZ-b-n Imp kqn-n-cp-p. ]c-
kv]cw _-s-Sp-hm R cp-t]cpw B{K-ln-n-cp-p-sh-
nepw X-s-Sptam F `b-m At\ym\yw a\-p-Xp-d-p-
hm cp-t]cpw Xbm-dm-bn-. R-fpsS {]b-Xv\- _mlya-
amb Xe-n am{Xw HXpn\np.
Nmkv men F Hcp kphn-ti-j-Is {]kwKw tIp-
hm CS-bmbXneq-sS-bmWv R-fpsS _-n\v Hcp hyXymkw
Dm-b-Xv. Fs Hcp kvt\ln-X \Inb Hcp tn \nmWv
Rm B {]kwKw {ihn--Xv. At-l-s-p-dnv Rm tIn-n-
m-bn-cp-p. ]s Fs a\-n \nc-h[n tNmZy- Dm-bn-
cp--Xn-\m Rm hfsc {im-]qw B {]kwKw tIp-I-
bp-m-bn. AXp apgp-h-\mbn Hmp-n Fnepw _--sf-
p-dn-p s]mcp AXn Dsm-n-cp-p. Rm\pw Abpw
Xn-ep _-s-p-dnp a\-n-em-p-hm B {]kwKw klm-
bn-p. R cp-t]cpw Ip-t_m-[-tmsS PohnXw \bn-n-
128 129
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
A[ymbw 11
ssZhs ]gnpI
Fm IjvS-X-I-sfbpw Cm-Xm-p-hm kmy-a-. Ahsb
ss[cy-]qw kln-pI FXpw icn-b-. IjvS-X-Isf D-a-
Im-cy-mbn D]-tbm-Kn-mw. Pohn-Xs ktm-j-]tam
ZpxJ-]qtam Bp-Xv _mly-amb kwK-Xn-If
- B-cn-Ia
- mb
kao-]\-
- f
- m-Wv.
EBRHARD ARNOLD
a F hnj-b-s-p-dnp Nnn-p-tm \s D]-{Z-hn-
p-Itbm ]oUn-n-p-Itbm sNbvXn-p--Xns\ B-kv]-Z-amn ap-
h-cn Ipm-tcm-]Ww \S-p-Xp \npI F-XmWv BZy-
]-Sn. Fm ]e apdn-hp-Ipw am\p-jo-Ia
- mb Imc-W- F{X
Xnc-m Xsbpw Dv Fv hcn-I-bn-.
ssZh-hn-izm-k-an-m--hv IjvSX hcp-tm Ahv Hcp-
X-c-n-ep PohnX ss\cmiyw Df-hm-Ip-p. Nne hn[nsb ]gn-
pw. Fm ssZh hnizm-kn-I ssZh-tmSv tIm]w {]Zin-
n-p-p. thZ-\-Iv Hcp bYm ImcWw Ip-]n-Sn-p-hm
km[n- msX hcp- t m, ssZh- n\v FXn- c mbn Xncnp
ssZhs ]gn Nmcp-p. ""Zbm-k---\mb ssZhw Fp sImv
CXv A\p-h-Znp''? Ah-km\w B \ncm-im-t_m[w Aaj-n-
tepw Aan-X-amb tIm]-n-tepw Ahsc \bn-p-p.
]e Imc-W- sImpw Bscbpw ]gn-Nm-cp-hm Cm
Ahsbm sa-am-bXv ssZhs ]gn-Nm-cpI F-Xm-Wv.
bYm k-S-ns Hcp {]Xn-I-c-W-amWv tIm]w. Nnetm
\psS tIm]-n\v sNp-]-Xn-p-hm Hcp CS-an-m Ah
Dm-Imw. Fm tIm]w F hnIm-c-n\v _lnK-a\w Bh-
iy-am-Wv. AXv {]I-S-am-p-Ibpw AXns\ t\cn-Sp-Ibpw sNp--
Xn IqSn am{X-amWv bYm kuJyw e`y-am-Ip--Xv. Pohn-X-
ns aptm-p Ka-\-n\v CXv Hcp Bh-iyhpw BWv.
130
ssZhs ]gnpI
Fm ssZh-tmSp tIm]n-n-cn-p-Xv ^e-clnXam-Wv.
\s apdn- t h- e v ] n- - X n- \ p- - c - h m- Z n- b mbn \apv ssZhs
Zinmw ]s ssZh-n\v \tmSp a ]d-hm kmy-a-.
\psS kml-N-cy- GsX-nepw hyXym-k-s-S-W-sap \mw
B{K-ln-p-psh-nepw AXv \S-m-p-hm km[n-p-n-.
Fn B kml-Ncyw AwKo-I-cn-p-I-bmWv Ic-Wo-bw. As\
sNp--Xn IqSn \psS Ghpw henb {]Xn-_w \psS
hfbvv klm-b-I-c-amb LS-I-am-bn-op-shp hcmw.
ssZhs ]gnNmcp-hm t{]cn-n--s-Sp-tm, ]e hj-
v apv Fs Pohn-X-n Dmb Hcp kw`-h-s-p-
dnpw AXn \npw ]Tn ]mT--sf-p-dnpw Rm kvacn-pw.
ao]nSn-p-hm t]mb Hcp Ah[n ka-b-amWv AXns Bcw-`w.
Xnc-p-]n-Sn Pohn-X-n \nv amdn Hcp hn{i-a-th-f. B kabw
Fs i_vZw \jvS-s-Sp--Xmbn F\n-bv-\p-`-h-s-p. BZy ka-
b--fn Rm AXns\ XnIpw Ah-K-Wn-p. Ipd-p-Zn-h-k-
p-n Fs i_vZw Xncnp hcpw Fv Rm {]Xym-
inp. Fm B {]iv\w IqSp-X hj-fm-hp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv.
Ah-km\w Fs tUmIvS Fs Hcp kvs]jy-en-ns kao-]-
tv ]d--b-p. Fs ]cn-tim-[n--Xn-\p-tijw B kvs]jy-
env hn[n-sb-gpXn i_vZ\ - mfw XIp. (Paralysed Vocal Chord)
Ime-{I-a-n Fs i_vZw Xncnp e`y-amIpw Fv kvs]jy-
env Fs kam-iz-kn-n-p. ]s BgvNI - fpw amk-fpw ISp-
t]m-bn. F\nv bmsXmcp hyXym-khpw Dm-bn-. bmsXmcp
i_vZhpw ]pd-s-Sp-hn-msX Rm ]cn-]q hn{iaw FSp-Ww
Fv Atlw FtmSv Bh-iy-s-p. hfsc hnj-a-I-c-am-bn-
cppshnepw At-l-ns \nt-is Acw {]Xn Rm
A\p-k-cn-p. Fm bmsXmcp ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw Dm-bn-. Fs-
nepw F\nv kwkm- c n- p- h m km[n- ptam Fv Rm
Nnnp.
Fm Fs k`-bn B ka-bv ]pXp-Xmb Nne {]iv\-
Df-hm-bn. ]gb ]e AwK-fpw k`-hn-p-t]m-bn. CXns\-Xp-
Sp aonw-Kp-I-fn Hcp apXn ]m F \ne-bn Fs
131
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
A`n-{]m-b- Bcm-p-sIm-n-cp-p. Fm F\nv {]Xn-I-
cn-p-hm km[n-n-. \ni-_vZ-ambn Ccpv F\nv ]d-tb
kwK-Xn-I Fgp-Xn-Im-p-hm Rm {ian-p.
kwkm-c-ti-jn-tbm, AXp-t]mse hne-s as-s-n-eptam
\n \nv Cm-sX-bm-Ip-tm AXns \-Isfpdnv Hcp
]pXnb shfnw \apv e`y-am-Ipw. bYm-n AXv Hcp Zm\-
am-Wv. Fm Fs ss\cmiyw \nanw B hn[-n AXv
ImWp-hm F\nv km[n-n-. bYm-n Rm tIm]m-Ip-
e-\m-bn-cp-p. ssZhw Fs ]co-n-p-I-bmWv Fn t]mepw
C{Xbpw tami-amb Hcp kabw Fn\v FSpp Fv Rm
]cnX-]n-p.
Ipsd kabw Ign--Xn-\p-tijw am{X-amWv Hcp ]pXnb ImgvN-
mSv F\nv e`y-am-b-Xv. PohnX Nn-Ipw ssien-Ipw CXv
hyXymkw Df-hmn Fp-am-{X-a Pohn-X-s-p-dnp hyhpw
]pXn-bXpw Bb Hcp ImgvN-mSv Df-hm-Ip-hm\pw CXv klm-bn-p.
Akp-J-I-c-amb kml-N-cy--fn \nv ssZh-n\v D-a-^-e-
sf Df-hmmw F kXyw Rm a\-n-em-n. aqp amk-
n-\p-tijw Fs i_vZw F\nv Xncnv e`n-p-hm XpS-n.
Ggp-hj-n-\p-tijw i_vZw km[m-cW KXn-bn-em-sW-nepw
B ]{v BgvN-I F\nv ad-p-hm km[y-a-.
B{Unbm (Andrea)
Fs k`-bnse AwKw Bbn-cp B{Unbmbvv Fs-
m IqSp-X `mc- hln-tn hp. Btcm-Ky-ap Hcp
ss]X P\n-p--Xn-\p-ap-mbn aqp {]mhiyw K`w Ae-kn-
tm-bn. ssZhs Ipw ]d-bp-tXm an-p-tXm Bb H
B{Un-b-bpsS (Andrea) A\p-`-hw. Ipp-sf \jvS-s-Sp-Xv
ssZh-n- \np inm-hn[n A Fv Ahsf t_my-
am-pI {ia-I-c-am-bn-cp-p. Ah-fpsS t]mcm-- {in-p-tm
Ah s]mXp-hn-ep {]iv\-v kam-\-ambn hon-mw.
""\oep-am-bp (Neil) hnhmlw Ignv Bdp-am-k-nv tijw
K`w [cn--Xn Rm hfsc ktm-jn-p. Fm {InkvXp-
an\v apv Hcp cm{Xn-bn F\nbvv AXn-I-e-i-emb thZ\
132
ssZhs ]gnpI
A\p-`-h-s-p. Fs tlmkv]n--en {]th-in-n--W-sav
tUmIvS ]d-p. R-fpsS Abmcn Bb \gvkv R
]-W-n-tev t]mIp--Xp-hsc R-tfm-sSmw klm-b-n-
mbn hp. Fs `b-sf AXm-bXv Ipns\ \jvS-s-t-
m-sa `bs Ah nco-I-cn-p. imco-cn-I-amb thZ-\-sb-
m IqSp-X-embncpp am\-ko-I-hy-Y. Fs ssZhsa Fn\v
CXv? P\n-p--Xn\v apv Fn\v Hcp Bm-hns\ Ahn-Spv
XncnsI hnfn-p-p? Rm Fp sXmWv sNbvXXv?
Fs cn-p--Xn\p thn Hcp Hm-td-j Bh-iy-am-bn-
h-p. B ka-bv R-fpsS Hcp _p Bizm-k-hm-p-I
Dcp-hn-p. ""ktm-j-ambncnpI ASp {]mhiyw \n\v Hcp
Ipp P\npw''. hmkvX-h-n B hN-\- Fs apJ--
Sn-Xp t]mse Bbn. Rv Hcp inip \jvS-am-bn, Hcp hyn-
Xz-ap inip. asm-cm Ab ImUn C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Sp-
n-bn-cp-p. ""btlmh Xp btlmh FSp-p. Ahs \maw
hmgv-s-Sp-am-dm-Is''. BhmIyw Fs IqSp-X hnjm-Z-apJn
Bn. Ghpw `b--chpw thZ-\m-P-\-Ihpw Bb Hcp A\p-`-h-
n\v thn Fs\ ssZh-n\v \n ]dbp-hm-\mIpw? F\nv
AXv kmy-a-. F\nv a\-kn-em-p-hm km[n-n- Fnepw
ssZhw Fs innpp F Nnbn Rm Znh-k-
Xn \on.
Hcp sshZo-I Fs kam-[m-\n-n-p-hm {ian-p. ssZhw
in-bpsS ssZh-a ]s kvt\l-ns ssZh-am-Wv. apn
acn-m t]mIp Hcm In-p-cp-n ]nSnv c t\Sm
{ian-p--Xp-t]mse Rm B hmIy-n apdp-sI-n-Sn-p. Fs
`m-hmb \oens ssIm- kvt\l-ns {]Xy--Nn-
-ambn Fs Pohn-X-n A\p-`-h-s-p. R-fpsS thZ-\-I
Hcp ]pXnb coXn-bn Rsf Hcp-an-n-p. "ky-bn- Ic-
n hv cm]mpw'. Djn-tem B\-t- Lmjw hcpp' F
hmIyw F\nv hfscb[nIw kam-[m\w \In.
Npp-]m-Sp-aphcpsS klm-b-m kmh-[m\w thZ-\-bp-tS-
Xmb B A\p-`-h-n ssZh-kvt\-l-s, IjvS-X-bphsc
133
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? ssZhs ]gnpI
Icp-Xp ssZhs a\-n-em-p-hm F\nv km[np'. ssZhw kp-jvS-bm-Wv. Hv Ftm-sSmw \c-I-n t]mbn aS-n-
Hcp bmYmy-ambn F\nv A\p-`h - s
- -p. Ahs kvt\l-n h Fs `m-hn-t\m-Sp IqSp-X-emb kvt\lw cm-a-Xmbn
Rm Fs hnizmkw An-p. Hcp Ipns\ e`y-ambXn ssZh-tm-Sp AssI-X-h-amb
Ipd-p-am-k-p tijw Rm hopw K`w [cn-p. C{]m- IrX-X.
hiyw Fmw kpK-a-ambn ]cy-h-km-\n-p-sav Nnn-p-sh-nepw tPm & s{K tdmUvkv
AXp-m-bn. BZy Xh-W-s-tmse Xs AXn-th-Z-\bpw (Jon and Gretchen Rhoads)
AXns\ XpSv tlmkv]n--en-tem-p Hmhpw Fs Pohs\ tPm, {K (Jon, Gretchen) bph-Z--Xn-I X-fpsS BZy
cn-p-hm-\p ikv{X-{In-bbpw \S-p. cm-as inip-hn- inip-hns P\-\s BImw--tbmsS {]Xo-n-p. AXv km[m-
s\bpw Poh-t\msS Rv e`y-am-bn-. AKm-[-amb thZ-\- cW {]k-h-ambncpp. Ah Ah-cpsS ss]X-en\v Ae (Alan)
bn Fs lrZbw Iodn-ap-dn-bv-s-p. Rm Fs Ub-dn-bn F t]cpw \In. Fm tlmkv]n--en \nv hnSp-X e`n-
C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Sp-n. CXv Fp-sImv kw`-hnp Fp -Xn-\p-tijw inip-hn\v Ftm {]iv\-ap--Xmbn amXm-]n-Xm-
ImWphm F\nv km[n-p-n; Hcp ]s Hcn-epw F\nv v A\p-`-h-s-p. Ae icn-bmbn `Ww Ign-n-cp-n-.
a\-kn-e-p-hm km[n-p-I-bn-. hnizm-k-ns in F\nv amwk-t]in-I icn-bmbn {]hn-n-. bmsXmcp Ne-\hpw
Bh-iy-am-Wv. Fs klm-bn-t-Wta''. CemsX \n-e-\mbn Ae InS-p. imtkm-zm-k-n-n-S-bn
kvt\l-tmSpw hniz-kvX-X-tbmSpw IqSn \o Fs kao]w Nne A]-i-_vZ- ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
\ne sImp. At-l-ns Hcp ktlm-Zcn Imk tcmKw Aes\ ASp- p Hcp bq- W n- t hknn tlmkv ] n- en
hp Ipsd hj-v apv acn-p t]mbn-cp-p. Av Atlw (university Hospital) {]th-in-n-p. Fm {]iv\- a\-n-
Nne hcn-I Fgp-Xn-bXv Ddpw _ehpw \In. ""ssZh-n em-p--Xn\v GI-tZiw aqp-am-k-tmfw FSp-p. B kabw
\npw D \psS Zqcw imco-cn-I-am-bpXmWv. B Zqcw hmkvX- sImv nXn-K-Xn-I hfsc hy-am-bn. \S-p-hmt\m kwkm-
h-n hep-X''. Cu Bi-bs apdp-sI-n-Sn-p-hm Rm cn-p-hmt\m Ae\v km[n-p-I-bn-. Xe-tm-dpw, Bam-i-b-hpw
{ian-p. sNhnbpw As\ ico-c-ns hnhn[ `mK-fpw {]h-\-c-
kmh-[m-\-n BgvN-Ifpw amk-fpw aptm-p-I-S-p-t]m-bn. ln-X-am-Wv.
AtXm-sSmw Ipns\ \jvS-s--Xn-ep thZ-\ Ipdp hp- tPm\pw s{K\pw Cu nXn-bn Am-fnp ]c-h-i-cm-bn.
sh-nepw B ZpxJw Hcn-epw R-fpsS a\-ns\ hnp-am-dn-bn- Aes ico-c-n Ftm Ipg-- Dv Fv Ahp Adn-
. Hcp hj-n-\p-tijw hopw Hcp inip-hns\qsS Rv bm-am-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw kwK-Xn-I C{Xbpw hj-fm-Wv Fv Ah
\jvS-s-p. k-S-n-tbpw thZ-\-I-fp-tS-Xp-amb A\p-`hw Hcp kz]vt\]n Nnn-n-. BZyw Ah X-sf-s ]gn-Nm-cn.
{]mhiyw IqSn Rv t\cn-tSn hp. ]s Cu XhW A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX Ah ssZhs ]gn-Nm-cp-hm XpS-n.
Fp-sImv F tNmZyw R-fpsS a\-n DZn-n-.'' Fp sImv Rv CXp kw`-hnp Fv Ah Nnn-p.
Cv B{Unbm Bdp-h-b-p Hcp s]Ip-n-bpsS amXm- hf-sc-b[ - nIw tIm]w Dn Ipanp IqSn-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw AXv
hm-Wv. \jvS-s aqp inip--sf-p-dnv Hmp-tm ZpxJw BtcmSp Xo-W-sa--Xns\pdnv Adn-hm ]mSn-m-bn-cpp
Df-hm-Ip-sa-nepw AXn-s\-smn lrZbw Ibv]v \nd--Xm-Ip- FmWv tPm ]d-bp--Xv. Xtm-Sp-X-s-tbm, AYhm `mcy
n-. Fm AXp-aq-e-ap-mb cv A\--c-^-e--fn Ah s{Kt\mtSm Aes tUmIvS-d-m-tcmtSm AtXm ssZh-tmtSm?
134 135
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Hcp ]s ssZh-tm-SmImw Xs tIm]w. ]s Fp-sIm-
mWv Fp ]d-hm Ah\v km[n-n-. C{X Bbnpw Ah
Ibv]ns at\m-`mhw {]Zin-n-n-. Hp-In ssZh-nv X-
tfmSp kvt\l-an-. AYhm Ae Cs\ Bbn-cn-Ww FmWv
ssZh-hn[n Chn-[-n Hcp kao-]\w BWv tPm kzoI-cn-
Xv. hntZz-jhpw Ibv]pw \nd Hcp at\m-`m-h-am-sW-n Ae
D ktmjw IqSn Cm-sX-bmpw Fpw Ah Nnn-p.
Pohn-X - n h sshj-ay-s - f-p-dnv kwkm-cn-p-Xv Ffp-
-am-sW-nepw {]mhnI Xe-n hfsc hnj-a-I-c-am-Wv Fv
tPm {K Z-Xn-I k-Xn-p-p. CXn \nsmw HmSn-
tm-I-W-sa Nn ]e-tmgpw Ahsc `cn-n-cp-p. A-an-m-
-hm-p-I-fm D A\p-tim-N\ {]I-S-\-sf Ah shdpp.
Nne Znh-k--fn ]ptcm-K-Xnbpw {]Xym-i-bpsS Nn-fpw
{]Xy--amIpw Fnepw ap Znh-k--fn ]co--Ifpw tim[-\-
Ifpw Ahsc {Kkn-pw. im-kz-\mfw apdnv Zzmcw Dm-p-I sN-
dp-Ip-S-ens Aw apdn-p-I Ch D]sS \nc-h[n ikv{X-{In-b-
Iv Ae hnt[-b-\m-bn. Fp am{Xw IqSp-X IjvS-X-I-fm-
bn-cnpw C\n-bp hj--fn Ae\v t\cn-tSn hcn-I.
km[m-cW KXn-bn A]q inip-sf K`-n Xs
Xncn--dn-bp-tm K`-On-{Z-amWv D-c-ambn ]ecpw ImWp--Xv.
Fm Aes amXm-]n-Xm- CXns\Xncmb Hcp \ne-]mSv
kzoI-cn-p. X-fpsS ss]X Hcp `mc-ambn Ah Icp-Xn-bn-.
""Ah\v Rv \Ip-hm \nc-h[n ]mT--fp-v. Ahs\
ssIhn-Sp-hm R Xm-d-.'' Ah X-fpsS Ub-dn-bn
tcJ-s-Sp-n.
""Ahs sNdnb ssII Ah\p Npp-ap In-In-S-bn
IqSn \on Fs Ihn-fn sXmSp-hm {ian-p. InS--bn \nv
Rm Ahs\ Fs ssII-fn FSp--tm Ddw \nd
Ip-I-fn IqSn Ah Fs t\mn-Nn-cn-p. P\\w Ign-p
]Xn-s\m-p-am-k--fn Ap-{]m-hiyw Ahs\ tlmkv]n--en
{]th-in-n-t--Xm-bn-h-p. Hmtcm {]mh-iyhpw IqSp-X tNmZy-
fpw Ipdhv D-c-fpw Ip-\o-cp-ambn R aSn hp.
136
ssZhs ]gnpI
]s ktm-j-n-t-Xmb i_vZ-fpw At\z-j-W-n-t-Xmb
t\mhpw Aes `mKv \nv Dm-bn-cp-p. Ahs ]pncn
R-fpsS lrZ-b-n\v Ipfn-tb-In.
CXn IqSp- X - e mb thZ\ Ae kln- t n hcptam?
C\nbpw Fsmw IS--I R IS-t--Xp-v. Ahs
izmk-\m-f-nse ikv{X-{Inb apJm-cw t\cs Dm-bn-cp
i_vZ- Ctm Ah ]pd-s-Sp-hn-p-n-. AXp-t]mse
`Ww Ign-p--Xn-\p kmy-X-Ifpw XS--s-p. Ctm
k-tm-j-n-t-Xm-bp i_vZ-fpw thZ-\-bpsS Ic-n-ep-Ifpw
Ah-\n \np hcp-n-.
Ah Pohn-p-Ib - m-sW-n Ah-\n LSn-n-n-cn-p yq_p-
I amp-hm km[npw Fv tUmIvS ]d-p. Fm Ah
Pohn-ptam? Cu tNmZyw Fs lrZ-bs apdn-s-Sp-p--Xm-
bn-cp-p. ]s Ahs ]pncn F\nbvv {]Xymi \In. Pohn-
X-ns bmYmy-sf AwKo-I-cn-p-hm Ah Fs ]Tn-
n-p-p.''
Ah-km\w s{K X-fpsS kml-Nc - y-sf AwKo-Ic - nv Fgp-
Xnb Ipdnv BWv ssZh-tmSp an-p-hm-\mbn Rsf Hcp-
n-b-Xv. AXn-m-Xn-cp-p-sh-n Pohn-X-tmSp aXnpw hln-
t Ipcn-ip-I-tfmSv {]Xn-Iqe at\m-`m-hhpw Bbn-cnpw ]cn-
WnX ^ew. Fm a-bpsS ^e-ambn ap--h-cpsS IjvS-X-I-
fp-ambn _n-nv R-fpsS thZ-\-Isfbpw `mc--sfbpw Zin-
m\pw km[n-p--tXm-sSmw Ahsb hln-p-hm-\p in
e`y-am-Ip-hm\pw AXv klm-bn-p-p.
Aes\ ]cn-N-cn-p-Ibpw ]cn-tim-[n-p-Ibpw sNbvX tUmIvS-
d-m-cpsS {]h-N-\-sf AXn-Po-hnv Ah Cpw Hcp bphm-
hmbn Pohn-p-p. Ah\v \S-p-hm\pw HmSp-hm\pw Umkv sNp-
hm\pw km[npw. Ahs hoSp kin-p-I. aqp N{I-ap
Ahs hml-\-n Ah \nsf hp kzoI-cn-pw. Ah\v
kwkm-cn-p-hm km[n-p-I-bn Fnepw Bi-b-hn-\n-abw \S-
p--Xn\v hnj-a-an-. Nne i_vZ- ]pd-s-Sp-hnpw tNjvS-
I Imnbpw BwKyw sImpw Ah Bib hn\n-abw \S-
pp.
137
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? ssZhs ]gnpI
""BZy Ime--fn sshI-ey--fpsS shfn--n R
Ahs\ Ip. Ah\p ]q kuJyw e`n-t-W-sa-pw, Ahs
sshI-ey- amt-W-sapw R {]mn-p. Fm Ime-
Ign-bpw-tXmdpw Rv IqSp-X hnthIw e`y-am-bn.
Fm Ctm R {]mn-p-Xv R-fpsS kuJy-
n-\p-th-n-bm-Wv. Ahs ]cn-]q-Xbpw D-a-Kp-W-
Rv e`y-am-Ip--Xn-\p-th-n. Ahs \n-e-X, kvt\lw,
Ip-\ocpw ktm-jhpw Chsb Rv {]Zm\w sNs-Sm-
\mbn.
ta]-d-h As hmp-I-fm-sW-n A C{]-Imcw ]d-
bp-p. "Aes Imcy-n Fmw ]qsa A. Xocp-am-\-
FSp-tn hcp-tm R-fpsS Nn-I icntbm Fv R
N-e-s-Sp-p. Aes\ IqSmsX Rv ap-Ip-n-Ifpw Dv.
A-hv thnb ka-bhpw ]cn-N-c-Whpw \Ip-ptm Fp
R Nnn-m-dp-v. ]s Cu tNmZy-v Rsf Ae-
p-tm Rv e`y-am-Ip- Nn anpI F-XmWv. amXm-
]n-Xm- F \ne-bn-ep R-fpsS Npa-X-e-I AXn
\nn-]vX-am-bn-cn-p-p. R-fpsS hnhmlw AXn ASn-m-
\-s-n-cn-p-p. At\ym\yhpw R-fpsS Ipp--tfmSpw ssZh-
tmSpw 'sorry' ]d-bpI FXv ]c-a-{]-[m-\-amWv. Fmw ]pXp-
Xmbn XpS-p-hm klm-bn-p-Xv AXm-Wv. lrZ-b-n\v AXv
kam-[m\w \Ip--Xn-t\m-sSmw Ae\v Ghpw Xmev]-cy-ap
kwKo-X-n-s\mw Ahs IqsS \rw sNp-hm\pw AXv
Rsf klm-bn-pp.

138
an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? \tm-Sp -X-s- anpI

A[ymbw 12

\tmSp Xs an-pI
\mw ans-Sm-sX-bn-cn-p-p-sh-n, \mw sNbvX {]hn-
I-fpsS ^e-f- n \np hnap-c- mmsX-bn-cn-p-p-sh-n, Hcp
{]hr-n-bpsS A\-c ^e-n IpSp-n-n-S - p-p-sh-n Hcp
amPn-ns ^e-ambn \njv{In-bXzw \ne-\np--Xp-t]mse
{]hnIfpsS ^e- ns Cc- I - f mbn \mw Fm- e hpw
Pohntn-hcpw.
HANNAH ARENOT
sU^v {^mjw (Delf Fransham)
\s D]- { Z- h n- - h - t cmSp \mw an- n- c n- pp Fv \mw
hmKvZw sNp-tm \psS Zb Ah AwKo-I-cn-pI FXv
{]m[m\yw Aln-p-p. Npcp--n AXm-bn-cnpw \psS
{]Xym-i. ]s kwkm-cne-msX AXv ]e-tmgpw {]mhn-
I-am-Ip-n-. ]epw ap-h an-p--Xn-\m kzw Ip-
t_m[w Cm-Xm-Ip-n-. bYm a\--am-[m\w Ahv e`y-
am-Ip-Xv kzb-tah an-p--Xn IqSn am{X-am-Wv.
1953- BWv Rm sU^v {^mjmans\ (Delf Fransham)
BZy-ambn ImWp--Xv. B hjw BWv Atlw Ata-cn-bn
\nv sXt Ata-cn--bn-ep R-fpsS {Kma-n Hcp Aym-
]-I-\mbn hv ASp-p kvIqfn ]Tn-n-p-hm XpS-n-b-Xv.
B mn-ep-m-bn-cp ]Xn-s\mv BIp-n-I Fm-hcpw
Xs hnIr-Xn-I Bbn-cp-p. Atlw hv A[nI Znh-k-
Ign-bp--Xn\v apv At-ls ]co-n-p-hm R Hcp
]Xn Xbm-dm-n.
Hcp Znhkw cmhnse 110 Un{Kn NqSp--tm Hcp ew
ImWnp-sIm-Sp-p--Xn\v R-fpsS IqsS \S-m R At-
ls Wn-p. hf-sc-b-[nIw NpSp ]d-Kzm-bn NXp-p-\n-e-
-fn IqSnbpw R At-ls \S-p-I-bp-m-bn. HutZym-
139
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Kn-I-ambn e- ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-pI F-Xm-sW-nepw cl-
ky-ambn R-fpsS a\-n At-ls oWn-npI F-
Xm-bn-cpp DZ-tZiyw. GI-tZiw ]p Intem-ao--tdmfw Imn-\p-
nIqSn At-ls \S-n-b-Xn-\p-tijw R ]nn-cn-p.
R Xncnp kvIqfn h-Xn\p tijw A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX
Atlw tamlm-e-ky-sv Ipgp-ho-Wp.
sU^n\v InS--bn ]q-hn-{iaw Bh-iy-am-bn-cp-p. R-
fpsS A[ym-]-I-\m-bn-cp sU^ns\ tXmev]np F ktm-
j-n-em-bn-cpp R. Fm Atlw aSn kvIqfn
h-tm R-tfmSp ]d-p. ""Ipn-Isf \apv Hcp {]mhiyw
IqSn app \S-X - p-t]mse \Smw''. Atlw ]d-Xv Rv
hniz-kn-m-\m-bn-. app \S e--fn-semw IqSn R
hopw \S-p. Fm Cu {]mhiyw At-l-n\v Hpw Xs
kw`-hn-n-. B Znhkw Atlw R-fpsS kvt\lhpw _lp-
am-\hpw Ic-a - m-n. R At-ls ]q-ambn hniz-knp.
Atlw \ Hcp Imbn-Im-`ym-knbpw kvt]mv Xev]-c\pw Bbn-
cp-p. Atlw ^pSvt_m apX-emb Ifn-I Rsf ]Tn-np
Fp am{X-a R-fpsS IqsS Ifn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
]Xn-m-p-Iv tijw am{X-amWv sU^ns kvt\l-{]-I-
S-\-pw Dt-j-n\pw ]nn Df-hmb Hcp kw`-h-ns
IY R a\-n-em-n-bXv sU^n\v kzw ]p{X \jvS-
s-n-cp-p. \n-tm-fm-kv Fm-bn-cpp B Ipn-bpsS \ma-t[-bw.
{^mjmw Z-Xn-I Ata-cn-b - n Pohn-n-cp-t- m-gmWv \ntm-
fmkv P\n-Xv. Hcp Znhkw sU^v Xs hm `h-\-ns
aph-iv ]pd-tIm-s-SppI Bbn-cp-p. B kabw ]pdp
Ifnp sImn-cp 20 amkw {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp \ntm-fmkv
Xs ]nXm-hns\ Iv Atmv HmSn. sU^v CXp In-.
hn \ntm- f mkns ico- c p Ib- d n- b - t m am{X- a mWv
Atlw AXv a\-n-em-nbXv.
sU^ns `mcy Im-n (Katty) Cu kabw `h-\-n-\p-n-em-
bn-cpp. sU^v Xs ]p{Xs\ `h-\-n-tev FSp-p-sIm-p-
h-tm D A\p-`hw Ah hnh-cn-p-p.''
140
\tm-Sp -X-s- anpI
""Rm Fs-s adp XnIpw am\-kn-Ih - n-{`mnbnembn.
sU^v Fs sIn-]p-Wp. R \ntm-fmkns\ R-
fpsS tUmIvS-dpsS ASpp sImp-t]mbn hnh-c- hni-
ZoIcnp.
Fs `m-hmb sU^nt\mSv Rm a Imt--Xn-
Fs-\nv tXmn. ImcWw Rm\pw Ip-m-cn-bm-Wv. AXp-
t]mse sU^pw Fs Ipw ]d-n-. X-m ]gn-Nm-cp-I-
bmWv sNbvX-Xv. R-fpsS ZpxJ-n R ]m-fn-I-fmbn
Hcp-anv \ne-sImp''.
sU^n\v X-m an-m km[n-n-. B A]-I-S-
ns thZ\ ZoL-hj- \op-\n-p. AXp-I-gn--Xn-\p-
tijw Ipn-Ip thn kabw Nne-h-gn-m sU^v AXy-
[nIw {ian-p. A]-I-S-n \jvS-amb Xs ]p{X\v \tI-n-
bn-cp kabw ap Ipn-Iv thn sU^v hn\-tbm-Kn-p.
]pd-tIm-p-Xn-cnp t\mp-tm, sU^ns In \nv
Ip-\o hcp-Xv Rm Hmn-p-p. AXns ImcWw F\nv
Am-X-am-bn-cp-p. kzw ]p{Xs\ R-fn IqSn Atlw
Zin-p-pthm? Atln\v \jvSs - Ipns\ Hmp ZpxJn-
p-pthm? Fm-bn-cp-mepw A_--h-im Xs ss]X-ens
ac-W-n-\n-S-bm-n-b-Xns Ip-t_m[w XopXn\p-X-Ip
coXn-bn ap--hsc kvt\ln-p-Ibpw Icp-Xp-Ibpw sNp-hm
Atlw Xm-dm-bn. Ip-t_m-[-n-sbpw \ncm-i-bp-sSbpw k-
S-nsbpw hnIm-c-sf ASn Xs {isb ap--h-cpsS
\-bn-tepw hf-bn-tepw Xncn-p-hn--Xn IqSn At-l-n\v
B-cnI kam-[m\w ssIh-cn-p-hm km[n-p.
tUhnUv lmhn (David Harvey)
GI-tZiw Fgp-]Xv hb-p-{]mbw hcp Hcp hr\mWv
tUhnUv lmhn. cmw temI-a-lm-bp Imev Atlw ]m-
f-n tNp bp ka-bv an-hmdpw ]cn-io-e\ Iymp-I-
fn-em-bn-cp-p. ]cn-io-e-\-n-\p-tijw B{^n-, P-\n, Cen
tlmwtIm-v, ssN\, saUn--td-\n-b apX-emb e--fn
Atlw tkh\w A\p-jvTn-p. ]mf ]cn-io-e-\hpw tkh-\hpw
141
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
BZy-sams ck-I-c-ambncpp-sh-nepw Xs Pohn-Xs ]q-
ambn amn-a-dn Hcp kw`hw At-l-n-\p-m-bn.
""]mf tkh-\-k-a-bv Iptd \mfp-I Rm sI\n-bbn
Ignp Iqn-bn-p-v. `oI-c{- ]-h-\- n-tes-n-cn-p-h
- sc Xnc-
p- ] n- S n- pI F- X m- b n- c pp B ka- b s ZuXyw.
As\bp Ah-k-c-n Ghpw `b--c-amb Hcp A]-I-S-
ns]Sp-hm CS-bm-bn.
Hcp Iqw `oI-csc {]Xo-n kabw R-fpsS kwLw A-
em-n-em-bn. sXmb [mc-W-Ifpw Db DtZym-K--m-cpsS AP-
-Ifpw AXns\ XpSp At\ym\yw shSn-sh-bv]p-Ifpw \S-
-bp-m-bn. s]t{Sm kwLw cmbn Xncn-p. R-fpsS
kwLw arK- k-cn-n-cp Hcp ]mX-bn IqSn atmp
\Sp. cm-as kwLw ImSv shn-sX-fn-mWv apt-dn-b-Xv.
Fm Ah R-tf-m thK-n apt-dn. Ah-km\w
Bf-dn-bmsX R At\ym\yw shSn-shbv]p \S-n. XZ-h-k-
c-n hfsc s]sv Fs kao]w Dm-bn-cp Ipn-m-Sp-
I cmbn thXn-cn-bp--Xmbn Rm Ip. Hpw Btem-Nn-
msX Rm shSn-sh-bvp. AXv sNv Xd-Xv s]t{Sm kwL-
-e-h-s taem-bn-cp-p. As\ Abm-fpsS Xe-bn Xs
D Xd-bvp-Ibpw sNbvXp. R-fpsS ZuXyw ]q-ambpw Dt]-
n-p. apf-sIm-p-\nn Hcp Xmevm-enI In-en (streche)
At-ls ]Xn-\mdp aWn-q kabw FSp-p-sImv \Sv
anen-dn tlmkv]n--en Fnp.
Ime-{I-a-n CXp-ambn _-s At\z-j-W- Hsbpw
Bcw-`n-p. anen-dn tImSXn Fs Ip-hn-ap--\mn Fnepw
a\-m-n-p-p-sImv F\nv bmsXmcp kam-[m-\hpw e`n-
n. \mep-hj-n-\p-tijw anen-dn tkh\w hnv km[m-cW
Pohn-X-n-tev Rm XncnsI hp. F\nv BZyw AXv hnj-
a-I-c-ambn tXmn. ]m-f-n t]cn\p ]Icw Hcp \-dn Hmtcm-
cp-cpw Adn-b-s-Sp-p. icn-bmbn BPvRm-]-\- A\p-k-cn-
pI F Nn-bn-embncpp ]cn-io-e-\w. CXv km[m-cW Pohn-
X- n \nv hyXy- - a m- W v . Fm km[m- c W Pohn-
142
\tm-Sp -X-s- anpI
Xntev aS-n-b-Xn-\p-tijw anen-dn Pohn-X-s-p-dnv hne-
bn-cp-p-hm F\nv kabw Inn. B ka-b--fn-semw Rm
shSn-sh ]m-f-m-cs\pdnv BWv Fs Hm-I h-Xv.
Abm Fhn-sS-bmWv? Fn-s\-bpv? Abm c-s-p-Im-
Wptam?
Ipsd hj- ]nn--tijw Rm Ft-Xmb At\z-j-W-
\S- n. ]s Hpw Is- m- \ m- b n- . Fs ]gb
kXo-m-tcm-sSmw Xs Rm At\z-jn-p. Fm 1996
Fs `mcy amcn-b (Marion) Cu kw`-hspdnv tcJ-s-Sp-
nb ]pkvXIw hmbn-p-hm-\n-S-bm-bn. B ]pkvX-I-ns {K-
Im-hns\ Rm t^mWn hnfnp kwkm-cn-p. t\cn In-
n Fnepw Abm e-\n Dsv Icp-Xpp Fv Atlw
]d-p.
Cu hgnbpw AS--Xn Rm \ncm-i-\m-bn. CXns\ XpSp
Rm klm-b-n\v ]{X-msc kao-]n-p. Fs IYbpw Hcp
t^mtmbpw IqSn Ah {]kn-o-I-cn-p. \mev]n Fp-a-Wn-p-
dn-\Iw Rm Xncp sImn-cp hyn Fs t^mWn
hnfnp.
hnj-a-I-c-amb Hcp A\p-`hw Bbn-cpp AXv. \nc-h[n Xh-W-
bp t^m kt-i - v tijw R-fpsS `h-\ - n shp
Ip-ap-m-sav ]c-kv]cw k-Xn-p. Ah-km\w Atlw \nc-
h[n km-\--fp-ambn At-ls shSn-sh Fs-m-Wp-hm
hp. Rm shSn-sh--Xp-aqew At-l-ns Hcp hiw Xf-
cp- p. \S- p- - X n\pw At- l - n\v hnjaw Dm- b n- c p- p.
""Xmv FtmSv an-p-hm km[n-ptam?'' Rm tNmZnp.
adp-]-Sn-bmbn Atlw Fs Benw-K\w sNbvXp. Atlw
anp Ign-n-cp-p.
tPm (John Plummer)
Ata-cn--bnse hPo-\n-b F es Hcp im-amb
]-W-n Hcp saY-Unv k`-bnse ]m-dmbn tkh\w A\p-
jvTn-pbmfmbncpp tPm . Fm hnbv\mw bp
Imev 1972 {Smv _mv (Trang Bang) F {Kma-n t\mew
143
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
(Napalam) t_mw_v CSp--Xn klmbn Bbn-cp Hcp ssham-\n-
I- \ mbn Atlw Ata- c n- tk\- b n {]hn- ncp- p.
t_mw_n\v Cc-bmbn Icv sImv HmSnb ^m Inw ^yqIv
(Phan Kim Phuc) F s]Ip-n-bpsS Nn{Xw temI-{]-i-kvX-ambn
Fp am{X-a AhmUp-I t\Sn-sm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Ata-
cn--bpsS hnbv\mw Hm]-td-j\pw Bbn _-s-p Hcp Nn{X-
am-Wn-Xv.
CXns\ XpSv Ccp-]-n-\mep hj-m-e-tmfw Cu Nn{Xw
tPmWns (John) a\-ns\ Ae-n-sm-n-cp-p. bp-s-Sp-Xn-I-
fpsS `oI-c-X-bp-sSbpw Nn-ambn At\-I-cpsS a\-n B Nn{Xw
]Xn- n- c p- p. s]mnb ico- c - t mSp IqSn \- b mb Hcp
s]Ipn, Ima-db - psS t\v Zb-\o-ba - mbn Ic-p-sImv HmSp
Nn{Xw. ]pd-In BIm-iv Idp ]pI- Db-cp-p.
Ccp-] - n-\mep hj-tmfw AXn-`b -
- c
- a
- mb a\-m-n-pv
tPm A\p-`-hn-p. B s]Ip-nsb Ip-]n-Snv X\nv D
ZpxJw Adn-bn-W - s- av tPm AXn-bmbn B{K-ln-p. X-m
]gn-Nmcn \ncm-ib - n tPm Imew Ign-p. cp-{]m-hiyw hnhmlw
Ignp Fnepw AXp cpw ]cm-P-b-n-sen. AXns\ XpSv
tPm aZy-]m-\hpw XpS-n.
]noSv Ghpw Ahn-iz-k\ - o-ba
- mb Hcp kml-Nc - y-n tPm
Inns\ t\cnp ImWp-hm-\n-S-bm-bn. 1996 hnbv\mw bp-
ns Hm-Zn\w (Vietnam War Memorial Day) Zn\w BN-cn-p.
kabw kam-[m-\-ns ]pjv]-N{Iw shbvp-hm Inw hmjnw-
KvS-Wn hp. ]m-m-]-hn-h-i-\mb tPmWns kl-ssh-am\n-
Icpw AtX NS-n ]s-Sp-p-hm hs-nbncp-p.
As NS-n Inw B {]ikvX t^mtm-bnse s]Ipn
Xm\mWv Fv AhnsS IqSn-bn-cp--h-tcmSv shfn-s-Sp-n. Xs
s]mepw apdn-hp-Ifpw Xs thZ-\n-n-n-cpp Fnepw AXn-
s\-p-dnv bmsXmcp hntZz-jhpw Ah {]I-Sn-n-n-. Xs-m
IjvSs - -Sp-Ibpw thZ-\n-p-Ibpw sNbvX a-t\-I Dv Fv Ah
kmy-s-Sp-n. ""Fs t^mtm-bpsS ]m--e-n At\-
Im-bn-c- sIm-s-p. ap-\n-c-h[n Bfp-I-fpsS ico-c-`m-K-
144
\tm-Sp -X-s- anpI
Ap-t]m-bn-cp-p. \nc-h[n Bfp-I-fpsS PohnXw \in-p. ]s
Ah-cpsS Nn{X-, t^mtm-I Bcpw FSp-n-.''
`qX-Ime Ncn{X kw`-h- Xncp-p-hm kmy-a Fpw,
Xs {Kmaw t_mw_n-p-X-I-h-tcmSv Xm ]q-ambn an-
n-cn-pp Fpw Ata-cn-bpw hnb-v\mapw Xn kam-[m-
\hpw kvt\lhpw ]p\-m-]n--s-Sp--Xn-\p-th-n-bp ZuXy-
amWv Xt-sXpw Ah Iqn-tp. t]meokv AI--Sn-tbmSp
IqSn Inw t]mIp--Xn\v apmbn tPm Xnc-n-\n-S-bn IqSn
Inns ASpv sNv Xs-Xs ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-n. 24 hjw
apv B {Kmaw t_mw_v sNbvX hnam\w ]d-n ss]ev Xm\m-
bn-cpp Fv tPm Inn-t\mSv ]d-p. tPm C{]-Imcw hnh-
cn-pp.
""Inns thZ-\bpw, k-Sh - pw, ZpxJhpw Ip. Ah ssII
\on Fs Benw-K\w sNbvXp. F\nv ]d-bm km[n GI
hmp-I 'I am sorry; I am sorry; Fm-bn-cpp hopw hopw B
am-]W hmp-I Rm Bhnp ]d-p. B kabw
Zbm-]p-c-cw Ah adp-]Sn ]d-p. "kmc-an-. Rm an-n-cn-
p-p.'
Inns\ t\cnv Iv Ahv kw`-hn apdn-hp-I-fnepw thZ-
\-I-fnepw X\nv tJZ-apv Fp ]d-bp-Xv tPmWn\v kp{]-[m-
\ambn-cp-p. Xs lrZ-b-n-\p-n HXp-n-sh-n-cp Cu `mcw
Cd-msX kzbw an-pI FXv tPmWn\v A-m-y-am-bn-cp-
p. Fm Xm hnNm-cn-n-cp--Xn-t\-m IqSp-X tPmWn\v
e`y-am-bn. Inw XtmSv an-n-cn-p-p.
Xs Pohn-X-nv hyXn-bm\w Df-hm-nb Cu kwK-as
tPm hne-bn-cp-p-p. ""a FXv \psS Ah-Im-itam
AYhm {]b-Xv\-m-ep-f-hm-Ip-tXm A {]XypX AsXmcp
Zm\w BWv''. AtXm-sSmw a FXv Hcp cl-kyhpw As{X.
Ccp-]-n-\m-ep-hjw \op \n Hcp Zpxkz]v\w Hcp sNdnb
kw`m-jWw sImv XpS-p-am-p-hm Ign-Xv tPmWns a\-
n Ctmgpw Hcp AXn-i-b-ambn Ahtijn-p-p.
145
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
]mv (Pat)
hnbv\mw bp-n ]s-Sp ]mv arZp-e-kz-`m-h-ap--h\pw
anX-`m-jnbpw Ipp--sfbpw IpXn-c-Isf CjvS-s-Sp--h\pw
Bbncp-p. Fm CXn \npw hyXy--amb Hcp hiw Ah-
\n Dv Fv Ggp-hjs ]cn-Nbw sImv Rm a\-n-
emn. Abmv Abm-tfm-Sp-Xs an-p-hm km[n-n-cp-n.
""acW-s-p-dnv Rm ]e-tmgpw Nnn-p. ]e acW-
pw Rm Hcp \nanw BbXv Fs kzw ac-
Wspdn-p BImw Cu Nn-I-sfm-sbpw Fs a\-
n kZm Df-hm-bn-cp-p. Ftm-sSmw tPmen sNbvXn-cp--h-
tcmSp Rm hf-sc-b-[nIw Xam-i-I ]d-n-cp-p. Fs thZ-\-
I ad-p-shv Ahsb a\-n \nv AIn Nncn-t-Xv Fs
Hcp Bh-iy-ambn amdn. Cu \ncm-im Pohn-Xs ad-bvp-hm
Nncn F\nv Hcp Bh-iy-am-Wv.
F\nv kvt\ln-p-hm km[n-ncp-n-. Fs Bm-hns
Hcp Zm\w \jvS-s-n-cn-p-p. AXv F\nv Hcn-epw XncnsI
e`y-am-Ib- n-. Fs sXp-Ip- - sf Ftm-sg-nepw kzb-tah an-
p-hm km[n-ptam Fv F\nv Adn-bp-hm ]mSn-. Rm
Hmtcm Znh-k-n-mbn Pohn-p-p. ]s Rm Fm-bvtmgpw
oWn-X-\m-Wv. oWw Fs {Kkn-p-p. CXv Fs-nepw
Ah-km-\n-ptam? CXn-s-sbms Ah-km\w F\nv ImWp-
hm km[n-p-n-. Ign Ccp-]n Ap hj--fmbn Cu
Nn-I-fp-ambn Rm aptmv Kan-pp''.
]mns\tm-se-bp-h - v Iukn-enwKv Bh-iy-am-Wv. AtXm-
sSmw kwLw tNp Iukn-enw-Kv {Kqv sXdmn (Group
Therapy) Hcp Htc Xc-n-eph Hcp-anp hv At\ym\yw {]iv\-
]p-h-bvp-Ibpw klm-bn-p-Ibpw sNp- klmb Iqm-
bvaI- (Support group) AXp-t]m-se-bp as-s-nepw Hs Bh-
iy-am-Wv. ]mv CXp-t]m-se-bp ]e-Xnepw ]s-Sp-n-cp-p-sh-
nepw kam-[m\w e`y-am-bn-. Hcp ]s tPmWns\tmse Xm
Ipe-sN-bX v h
- c
- psS IpSpw-_- sf Ip-]n-SnpI-bm-sW-n ]mn\v
kam-[m\w Is-m km[n-tpw. ]s CXv A{]m-tbm-Kn-
146
\tm-Sp -X-s- anpI
I-am-Wv. Xm Ipe sNbvX-h-tcmSpw a At]-n-p-hm kmy-
a-. ]ns Ahv Fp sNp-hm km[npw?
k-o-amb am\-koI hnIm-c- A]-{K-Y\w sNbvXncp
kp{]-kn a\-im-kv{X- Bbn-cp Am t{^mbnUpw (Anna
Freud) Bbn tdm_v tIme_v (Robert Coleb) \S-nb kw`m-jWw
Cu {]iv\ - ns D-c - f- n-tev hnc Nqp-h - b
- m-Wv. {]mbw
sN Hcp am\-koI tcmKn-bpsS tIkv N sNbvXp sImn-cn-
sh Am t{^mbnUv C{]-Imcw D]-kw-lmcw \S-n.
""Cu kv{XotbmSp hnS-hm-p-tm Ah-sc-p-dnv FmWv
Nnn-t-Xv Fv \apv kwibw tXmmw. ]s Cu temI-
n Ahv thn \apv Fp sNp-hm km[npw F-
Xn-s\-p-dn-mWv \mw Nnn-t--Xv. am-\-knI NnIn- (Psycho
Therapy) A Rm Dt-in-p--Xv. AXv Ahv thp-thmfw
e`n-n-cn-p-p. am-\-ko-Im-]-{K-Y-\n\v (Psycho - Analysis) apXn-cp-
I-bm-sW-n Ah-cpsS injvS-ap hj- aXn-bm-I-bn-.
Iuk-tekn-sbpw ap am\-koI hnZ-KvZc - p-sSbpw tkh-\ -
Ahv Bh-iy-n IqSp-X e`y-am-bn-cn-p-p. km[p-hmb
Cu hrbvv \psS tkh\w C\nbpw Bh-iy-an-. Ahv
thXv a-bm-Wv. kzw Bmhpw Bbp \ncv BWv
Ahv Bh-iyw. Ahsf klm-bn-t-Xv ssZhw am{X-am-Wv.
hn-fzmkw klm-bn-p-hm\pw, kuJy-am-p-hm\pw ssZhw Dv
Fp Ddv Cu Xe-n \mw A Ah-cpsS klm-bnI.''
Am t{^mbnUns (Anna Freud) Cu {]kvXm-h\ XnIpw
icn-X-s. Hcm ssZh hnizmkn A. Fn-t]mepw Cu
hkvXpX AwKo-I-cn-m-Xn-cn-m km[y-a-. Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw
Pohn-X- n kzbw an-p-Ibpw ad-p-Ibpw sNt-p AYh
XpS-p-am-t-p \nc-h[n A\p-`-h- Dm-Ipw. Ip-t_m[w
CmsX Pohn-p-hm \mw Hmtcm-cp-cpw B{K-ln-p-p. Pohn-
X-ns GsX-nepw Hcp Xpd-bn an--s-tS--Xn\p thn
Ghcpw Imwn-pp.
a-sb-p-dnv hnh-cn-p-hm \apv km[npambn-cnpw
Fm AXv ]nSn-s-Sp-p-hm kmy-a-. Nne-tm \mw Hcp-
147
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? \tm-Sp -X-s- anpI
h-t\mSp sXmbn hn-m Abmv \tmSp an-p-hm
km[np Fv hcn- I - b n- . AXn- \ p hn\- b - t am, Adnthm
Abmv Cm-bn-cn-mw. ]e-tmgpw \apv \tmSp Xs an-
p-hm hnj-aa - tam (Psycho
- m-W.v Ghpw sa-amb am\-ko-Im-]{- K-Y\
Analysis) ]m]-kzo-Im-ctam (Confession) ]q kuJy-nv DX-
IpXmI-W-sa-n-.
]s a-bpsS in AXo-X-am-Wv. \ne-\np--Xm-Wv.
tPm (John Plummer) a\-n-em-n-b-Xp-t]mse abvv
Ap-X- krjvSn-p-hm-\p km[y-X-bp-v. AXp \psS
Ah-Im-itam {]b-Xv\tam Hpw sImp e`y-am-I-bn-. Al-X-
bn Fnepw Hcp Zm\-sa \ne-bn AXv \n-tev hcp-p.
Ah-km\w GsXmcp Zm\w t]msebpw asb kzoI-cnmw As-
n \ncm-I-cn-mw. Fm-bn-cp-mepw \psS Pohn-Xs klm-
bn-p KpWw As{X.

148
an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? D-ch
- m-ZnXzw Gs-Sp-pI

A[ymbw 13

D-c-hm-ZnXzw Gs-Sp-pI
Hcp bYm ]m] kzoIm-cy-n ]g-b-a-\p-jy acn-pp
AYh Cm-sX-bm-Ip-p. ap--h-cpsS apn CXv \nml-amWv.
Cu \n kln-pI FXv A-l-\o-b-am-b-Xn-\m ]m]s
Gp-]-d-bp-Xv amn-sh-bvp-hm AYhm ad-bvp-hm ]ecpw
{ian-pp. Fm Cu AKm-Y-amb am\-kn-Ihpw imco-cn-Ihpw
Bb \n-bn IqSn-bmWv \apv hnSp-Xepw cbpw A\p-`-hy-am-
Ip--Xv. DIETRICH BONHOEFFER
amv & U_n Mark & Debbie
Cu ]pkvXIw CXp-h-scbpw hmbn--h an-bvpI FXv
kuJyw {]Zm\w sNpw F hkvXpX AwKo-I-cn-pw. AXns
in t{imXkv Fhn-sS-bmWv Fv \apv A-dn-bp-hm ]mSn-.
Fnepw AXv bYm-am-Wv. _pnv AXo-X-am-Wv. Fm
a FXv hne-bn-msX Ffpw e`y-am-Ip HmWv Fv
Icp-Xp-Xv A-iq-\y-am-Wv.
]e-tmgpw a-sb-Xv efn-Xhpw Pohn-X-ns hncq-]-amb
hi-sf XpS-p-amn sh ]qip--Xp-amWv FXv kXyw Xs.
Fm bYm- s ap tXm- s - S p am- ] - W - p-
t]mepw, am\-km--cm-\p-`hw AYhm lrZ-b- ]cn-h\w F
A\p-`hw Dm-Ip-n Fn, AYhm an-p Bpw
a e`n-p Bpw ]cn-h\w Dm-Ip-n Fn,
bYmY in Dm-Ip-I-bn-. AXm-bXv imiz-X-amb ^ew e`n-
-W-sa-n adp-hn-e-bmbn \mw PohnX hyXn-bm-\s \tI-
-Xp-v.
ss\an-jn-I-ambn an-pIbm-sW-n B-am-]W {]{Inb
hy-am-Wv. a FXv Hcp Zm\am-sW-Xpw bmsXm-p-ambn
_n--s-n-n FXp kXyw BWv Fnepw AXv a\p-jy-Po-
hn-X-n saambXnte-p hyXymkw Df-hm-pn Fn
AXp-sImp {]tbm-P-\-an-.
149
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Fs kvt\ln-X-cm-bn-cp amv sU_o Z-Xn-I Ftm-
sSmw D s^tem-jn-n AwK--fm-bn-cpp. a-bpsS Cu
bmYmys Ah-cpsS A\p-`-h--fn IqSn Ah tcJ-s-Sp-
p-p.
""hj--fmbn sXp-Isf adp shXn-sbpw sNdnb Ip-
sf Ah-K-Wn-p-Ibpw sNbvX-Xns `hn-j-p-I-sf-p-dnp
R a\-n-em-p-p. \nc-h[n Bfp-I-fp Hcp Iyq-Wn-n-
bnemWv R Xma-kn-n-cp--Xv. R-fpsS Iq-n Ahn-
hm-ln-X-\mb Hcm, hnhm-ln-X-bmb Hcp kv{Xobp-ambn ASp--
n-em-bn. R-fpsS Iq-n-ep Nne Cu {]iv\w ]cn-l-cn-
p--Xn\v Hmtcmcp-tcmSpw kwkm-cn-p-h-p. Fm Cu
{]iv\w shfn--p-sIm-p-h-cp-hm Bcpw ss[cy-s-n-.
Ipw Npa--sSpw Fp `b-m CXns Kuchw IW-
n-se-Sp-msX Ghcpw I-S-bvp-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. CXn
Ghcpw Ip-m-tbm? hn[n-p-hm \ Bcv? Cu {]iv\s
t\cn-Sm Ahv em-h-l-ambn tXmp-I-bnt F Nn-
bp-m-bn. Ah-km\w Ah-cp-sS Ip-fpw Ipd-hp-Ifpw I-S-bvp-
hm\pw AXn-s\-p-dnv kwkm-cn-mXn-cn-m\pw R {ian-p.
Cu Xc-n-ep IcpWm k--amb s]cp-amw Ah-km\w
{]iv\w hn-n-p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. Ahn-hm-ln-X-\mb B
hyn Ah-km\w R-fpsS Iyq-Wnn hnp Fp am{X-a
cp- h j- n- \ p- t ijw Cu _- n ]mfn Bbn- c p
kv{Xobpw Xs `m-hns\ Dt]-n,v hnhml _w ths-
Spn Abm-fpsS ]pdsI t]mbn.
CXp-t]m-se-bp kw`-h- hnp hcn-I-bm-Wv. _mly-
ambn t\mp-tm CXn abvv henb m\w Dv Fp-
tXm-p-I-bn-. Fsm sXn-s\-p-dn-p t_m[w AhnsS
ImW-s-Sp-n-. AXp-sImv hos-Sp-n\pw {]k-n-bn-.
Fm AKm-[-amb thcp-I abpsS Bh-iys Nqn-m-
p-p. {]iv\s AXv Aln-p Kuc-h-tmsS t\cn-n-cp-
p-sh-n kwK-Xn-I hyXy--am-Ip-am-bn-cp-n-tbm?
150
D-ch
- m-ZnXzw Gs-Sp-pI
ohv (Steve)
\psS Ip-fpw sXp-Ifpw thdm-tcm-sS-nepw \mw Ipw
sNbvX-h-tcmtSm AYhm \mw ]q-ambn hniz-kn-p Btcm-
sS-n-eptam Gp-]-d-tb-p-Xv a-bpsS {][m-\-`m-K-amWv Fv
\mw Hmt-n-bn-cn-p-p. CXns\ ]ecpw Ip-kmcw Fp
]dv AXv Aln-p Kuchw AXn\v \ImsX t]mIp-
pv. thsd ]ecpw AXns\ \-Xmbn Icp-Xp-p-sh-nepw sXv
Bhn-m-Xn-cn-p--Xn IqSn c-t\-Sm-sav Icp-Xp-p.
Fm CXv t`mj-cw BWv. Fs-m sXp-I-sf-p-dn-
p t_m[w a\-m-n-pv AYhm Ip-t_m[w Bbn amdpp.
X-m an-p--Xn IqSn lrZb kam-[m\w ssIh-cn-p-
-Xv, Bm-hns \n-e-X-bmWv (Deadness of the soul) Fv Tolstoy
]d-np-v. Xmgva-tbmSp IqSn am-]Ww \S-p--hmWv
bYm lrZb kam-[m\w e`y-am-Ip--Xv.
Ip-t_m[w cl-ky-n-emWv {]hn-p--Xv. AXv shfn-
v sImp-h-cp-tm am{X-amWv AXns in \jvS-am-Ip-
Xv. \psS Dnse \oXn-t_m[w ]e-tmgpw \psS Ip--
sfbpw sXp-I-sfbpw AwKo-I-cn-p--Xn\v \s hnap-J-cm-p-p.
A-s\-bp kwK-Xn-Isf \psS a\-ns ]pd-In-tev \mw
Xn \op- t m D]- t _m[ a\- n Ah- s ]- p- s ]- c p- I pw.
As\ Ip- Hn\p ]pdsI Hmbn hnv AXv \s
`mc-s-Sp-pw. \mw ]m] `mc-m he-bpw.
Fs Hcp ]gb kvt\ln-X-\m-bn-cpp ohv. Ip-sf Gp-]-
d-bp--Xn IqSn e`y-am-Ip kzmX-{y-s-p-dnv C{]-Imcw
Fgp-Xp-p.
""B-co-I-amb kam-[m\w e`n-p--Xn-\p-thn Rm ]e-a-
X--fnepw Xnc-n \S-n, a\-imkv{Xw ]Tn-p-hm {ian-p.
]t Ah-sbmw Xs `mKo-Ia - mb D-c- am{X-amWv \In-
b-Xv. Ah-km\w Rm Fs Pohn-Xs t\mn AXv Fp-
am{Xw Xmdp-am-dmWv. F\nv B-co-Ia - mb abpw Pohn-X- ns
]pXnb am\hpw e`n-t--XmWv Fp a\-n-em-n-b-Xn-\p-tij-
amWv kam-[m\w e`y-am-b-Xv.
151
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
CXn-\p hgn-n-cnhv Hcp {]tXyI A\p-`-h-n IqSn-bmWv
e`n--Xv. sXp-I-fpsS Hcp Iqmcw Fn Dv F t_m[w
s]sv Fs {Kkn-p. CXn-\p-apv Cu bmYmys Fs
\oXn-t_m-[hpw A`n-am-\hpw ad-p-h-p. ap--h-cpsS apn \-
h-\m-Ip-hm-\mbn Rm {ian-p. Fm Ctm Rm sNbvX
Fm hn[ sXp-I-fp-sSbpw Hm-I Fs Ae-p-p. CXn
\nsmw Hcp hnapn BWv F\nv Bhiyw. Idp-Xpw
hrn-sI--Xp-amb Fs-nepw Fn Hfn-n-cn-p-Xv A\p-
h-Z-\o-b-a-. Fs B hn[ Id-Isf Igp-In--fv D-a-Po-hnXw
\bn--Ww. kml-N-cy--sf-tbm, b-\-stbm Iqp-sI-n-s\tbm
Hpw Xs ]gn ]d-hm kmy-a-. Fs {]hr-n-Iv Rm
Xs-bmWv D-c-hm-ZnXzw Gs-Sp-t--Xv.
Fs sXp-Isf hnh-cnv At\Iw t]Pp-I Rm Fgp-Xn.
A\p-Xm-]-n-t-Xm-bp ssZh-Zq-X Xs hm Fs lrZ-b-
n-tev Ipn Cd-p thZ\ F\nv A\p-`-hn-tn hp.
Rm I_-fn-n \nc-h[n hyn-Ipw m]-\-Ipw Rm
am-]W Ip-I ssIam-dn. Ah-km\w Rm kzX-{-\m-bn.
ssa tdmv (Michael Ross)
'The Brothers Karamazov' F hniz- h n- J ym- X - a mb t\mh- e n
sUmtmhvkvIn (Dostoevsky) ]Xn-m-p-IIv tijw Xm
sNbvX Hcp sIme-]m-X-Is-p-dnv shfn-s-Sp-n-b-Xn IqSn
kzmX-{y-ns A\p-`hw t\Snb Hcp hyn-sb-p-dnv hnh-cn-
p-p. ""At\Iw hj-n-ptijw Rm BZy-ambn ktm-
jhpw kam-[m-\hpw A\p-`-hn-p-p. Ctm Fs lrZ-b-n
Rm kzw A\p-`-hn-p-p. Hcp bYm sIme]m-X-Inv
Xs lrZ-b-n kz kuJyw e`y-am-IpI FXv A{X Ffp-
-ap kwK-Xn-b. Fm B kmyX Hcn-epw Xn--f-
bm-\m-hn-.
sImtW (Cornell) k-I-em-im-e-bn \nv _ncp-Z-saSp
ssa tdmv F hynbpw Bbn Rm \nc-h[n hj--
fmbn Fgp-p-Ipp \S-n-bn-cp-p. _emkw-Kw sNbvXv Ipe
\S-pI F lo\-amb Ip-amWv Abm sNbvX-Xv. Cc-Isf
AXn-{Iq-c-ambn ]oUn-n-p hm-I Cc-I-fm-bn-o-h-
152
D-ch
- m-ZnXzw Gs-Sp-pI
cpsS _pfpw kvt\ln-Xcpw `b-tmsS {ihn-p. Ghcpw
tdmkns\ XnI shdp-tmSpw hntZz-j-tmSpw IqSn hon-p.
Abm hcp-n-sh hn\-If - p-ambn Xpe\w sNp-tm B hnIm-
c--sfmpw Xs aXn-bm-I-bn Fv Ah-scm-sbpw Icp-Xn.
Fm ssa tdmns IjvS-X-I-sf-p-dnv Hcp \nanjw
Nnn-p-I. BZy-X-hW kin--Xn-\p-tijw hnS-hm-p-tm
Rm tdmns\ Benw-K\w sNbvXp. B kabw tdmv Hcp sImp
Ipn-sb-tmse hnXp-n--c-p. A\p-Xm-]hpw ZpxJhpw \nd
Hcp a\-p-ambn \nc-h[n hj- tdmv Pohnp F-Xn-s\-
p-dnv Bcpw Nnnncp-n-. tdmv F\nv \nc-h[n Fgp-pI
FgpXn. Hcp Fgp-n tdmv C{]-Imcw tcJ-s-Sp-n.
""AKm-[-amb Ip-t_m[w Fs {Kkn-p-p. Rm sNbvX-
]m]-{]-hr-n-I \nanw Fs Bmhv A-Im-c-n-emWv
Dg-ep-Xv. k-S-m-epw, kzbw i]n-p--Xn-\mepw A\p-Xm-]-
mepw Rm hep ]c-h-i-\m-bn-cn-p-p. Rm Iimp
sNbvX Cc-I-fpsS Bm--tfmSpw Ah-cpsS IpSpw-_--tfmSpw
Ah-cpsS kvt\ln-X-tcmSpw kzb-ta ssZh-tmSpw \nc-p-hm\pw
A\p-c-RvP\w {]m]n-p-hm\pw Rm B{K-ln-p-p.''
ssafns {Iqc-Xbvv Cc-bm-b-h-cpsS IpSpw-_mw-K-fpw
kvt\ln-Xcpw Aht\mSv an-p-sav Icp-Xp-hm kmy-a.
AXp-t]mse C{Xbpw ITn-\-Ir-Xy- sNbvX Hcp Ip-hm-fnbvv
h[-in-tbm Ghpw Ipd-Xv Poh-]-cy-tam GIm--X-Sthm
\oXn-\ym-b-tIm-SXn \Ip-Ibpw sNpw. Fn-cn-nepw \oXn-
\ymb tImS-Xn-I-fpsS hn[n-b Ah-km-\-hmv Fv ssanfns\
a\-n-em-p-hm Rm ]cn-{i-an-p.
F{X-Xs am\-kn-I-ambn ]oUn--s-Sp--h-\m-bmepw kzw
Ip-sf Gp-]-d-hm Xm-dm-Iphcpw AXn\v hnk--Xn-p-
-hcpw Bbn Xpe\w sN-s-Sp-tm ssa-fn\v c-e-`y-am-
Ip-hm-\p kmy-X-I IqSp-X-em-Wv. A-s\-sbm-cm ac-W-k-
abw hscbpw a e`n- p- n Fn Xsbpw A\p-
Xm]n\pw abvpw thn B{K-l-apv Fn a-bpsS
in Ahs\ kzm[o-\npw F-Xn\v X-an-. (2005, tabv
13\v 45 hb-p ssa h[-in-bvv hn[n--s-p.)
153
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
tamvens-\nse DWhv (Mottlingen Awakening)
abvv hyn-Ifn hyXn-bm\w Df-hm-p-hm km[n-p-
sa--Xp-t]mse hn]p-e-amb coXn-bn abvv kzm[o\w Dv
FXv \mw adp If-b-cp-Xv. sh-ns Hmf he-b- Hcp
_np-hn \nv hym]n-p--Xp-t]mse Hcp hyn-bn XpS-p
in kaq-l-n-tepw Hcm-fn \nv asm-cm-fn-te-v hym]n-
p-p-.
GI-tZiw \qn-A-Xp hj-v apv (Black Forest) mv
t^mdv F es tamven- (Mottlingen) F {Kma-n
CXp-t]mse Hcp A\p-`hw ]Sp hym]n-p-I-bp-m-bn. AXn-
\p-apv B es {]i-kvX-\mb tbmlm {Intm^v
_vfpwlmv (Johann Christoph Blumhardt) F {InkvXob ]ptcm-ln-
X P\--fpsS XWp- coXn-Isf hnain-n-cp-p. Cv ]gb
tZhm-ebw ImWp-hm hcp ki-Isc Hgn-m B {Kmaw
Dd-n-bXp t]mse-X-s-bm-Wv. Fm ]gb Hcp hoSns `nn-
bn ]Xn-n-cn-p ^eIw As B {]tXyI kw`-h-ns
Hmsbhw \ne-sIm-p-p. B ^e-I-n C{]-Imcw
tcJ-s-Sp-s - -n-cn-pp ""a\p-jym, \nXy-Po-hs
- \-p-dnv HmpI
Ir]-bpsS ka-bs \nn--cp-Xv. inm-hn[n ASp-n-cn-p-p.''
1843 ]pXp-hj-n-d-hn-bpsS Xte-cm-{Xn-bn-emWv tamven-
(Mottlingen) F es B DWv Dm-b-Xv. Zpjv{]-hn-
I sNp--Xn Ip{]-kn--\m-bn-cp Hcp sNdp--m-c ]ptcm-
ln-Xs HutZym-KnI `h-\-n hv pwlmns\ (Blumhardt)
ImW-W-sav Bh-iy-s-p. B At]-sb Atlw Xn-I-f-
n-. Abm AI-p-h--tm Hcm-gvN-bmbn Xm Dd-p-n-
m-bn-cpp Fpw Xs Dn HXp-n-bn-cn-p Ip-Ir-Xy-sf
Gp-]-d-n Fn Xm acn-p-t]mIpw Fpw At-l-tmSp
]d-p. pw lmn\v Cu hynsb Adn-bm-am-bn-cp--Xp- sImv
BZy-sampw th {i-\In-bn-. sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb Xs
Zpjv{]-hn-Isfpdnv Dp-Xp-dv Abm kwkm-cn-p-hm
XpS-n-b-tm Atlw {im-ep-hm-bn. AXv bYm-n-ep
Hcp A\p-Xm]w BWv Fv a\-n-em-n.
CXns\ XpSv B {Kma-n-ep \nc-h[n t] A\p-Xm-]-
m ZpJm-\m-bn-cp B sNdp--m-cs amXrI kzoI-cn-
154
D-ch
- m-ZnXzw Gs-Sp-pI
p-I-bp-m-bn. 1844 P\p-hcn 27 Bb-tm BsI ]Xn-\m-dp-t]
B sshZnI `h-\-n hv X-fpsS lo\ {]hn-Isf Gp
]dp. aqv Znhkw Ignv B kwJy ]Xn-\m-dn \nv apn
Ambn Dbp. ]p Znhkw Ignv AXv \qn A]Xv
Bbn-op. AXns\ XpSv kao-]-{]-tZ-i--fn \npw P\-
hcp-hm XpS-n.
km[m-cW sImn-tLm-jn-p Xc-n-ep Hcp BnI
DWhv tbmK-ambn tamven--\nse kw`-hs IW-m-p-hm
kmy-a-. AXn-t\-m im-amb Hcp ]cn-h\w BWv
AhnsS Df-hm-b-Xv. lrZ-bm-`m-Kv Xdp Ib-dnb a\-m-n-
pp apJm-cw Pohn-X-ns hnhn[ Xpd-I-fn \np P\w
Ahn-tSv IS-p-h-cn-Ibpw X-fpsS Ip-sfpdnv A\p-X-
]nv a\--am-[m\w t\Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
hmp-Ipw hnImc {]Zi-\-pw D]-cn-bmbn A\p-Xm-
]-n-sbpw a-bp-sSbpw Bb bmYmyhpw {]mtbm-Kn-Ihpw
Bb Zriy--fmWv AhnsS shfn-s--Xv. tamjvSn km[-\-
Xncnp \I-s-p, i{Xp- \nc-ns A\p-`-h-n-tev hp.
hnhm-l-n\p ]pd-p ssewKoI _--sf-p-dnv ]ecpw
Gp-]-d-p. XI-s-Xpw inYn-e-am-bXpw Bb IpSpw-_-_-
- ]p\-m-]n--s-p. aZy-]m-\n-I t]mepw am\-km--c-
sv aZy-im-e-I hnp-\n-p.
pwlmns ]no-Sp Xe-ap-d-bnse Bfp-Isf kin-
p-hm Rm tamven--\n (Morttlingen) ]e-{]m-hiyw t]mbn-p-
v. At-l-ns Fgp-p-I Fs amXm-]n-Xm- cp-t]-
scbpw hf-sc-b-[n-Iw kzm[o\w sNep-n-bn-cp--Xn-\m At-l-
ns t]cp-Xs Ah F\nv \Ip-I-bp-m-bn. tamven--
\nse (Morttlingen) B DWhv Hcp bmZr-nI kw`-ha - mbncppthm
Fv Rm FtmSv Xs ]e-{]m-hiyw tNmZn-n-p-v. Fm
A F- X mWv bmYmyw. A\p- X m- ] - t m- S p- I qSn h
Hcmv a e`y-sa-n, AXn\v hnZq-c-^-e- krjvSnp-
hm km[n-p-sa-n AtX in Xs Cs kaq-l-
nepw {]hnp a-bmWv Fv Ddp hniz-kn-p--
Xn FmWv sXv?
155
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
A[ymbw 14
a F ZoL-bm{X
Atm ]t{Xmkv Ahs ASp- hp: Im-th, ktlm-
Z-c F{X-hw FtmSp ]nsg-m Rm an-tWw Fp
tNmZn-p. tbip Ah-t\mSv: Ggp-h--a Ggp Fgp-]Xp hw Fv
Rm \ntmSp ]d-bpp Fp ]d-p. (a-m. 18: 21-23)
\yqtbmv t]meokv Unm-vsanse (NYPD) se Hcp Hm^o-
k Bbn-cp oh aIv tUm\mUv Xs kl-{]-h-I-\m-
bn-cp kP v ]o InwKpw (Sergent Peter King) Hv \yqtbmv
\K-c-nse {][m\ ]mn (Central Park) tdmp Npp-am-bn-cpp.
1986 Pqsse amkw 12-mw XobXn B Zn\w Fs-nepw {]tXyI
{]iv\-ap--Xmbn tXmn-bn-. Ad Nnd tamj-W-, ssk-
n tamj-W- CXymZn km[m-cW Ip-h-cpXmsX as-
s-nepw t\cn-Spsa {]Xo Hpw Xs Ahv Cm-bn-
cp-p. B ka-b-mWv kwi-bm-kv]-Z-amb coXn-bn Hcp Iqw
sNdp--msc Ah Is-n-b-Xv.
""R t]meo-kp-Im-cmWv Fv a\-n-em-nb thf-bn
Ah Fgp-tv HmSn Ahsc ]np-S R-fn Fs kl-
{]-h-I Hcphi-tmpw Rm as-h-i-tmpw HmSn. GI-
tZiw aptXmfw ao AI-e-n Rm Ah-tcmSp hnfn-p-
]dp Rm Hcp t]meokv DtZym-K--\mWv F\nv \n-
tfmSp kwkm-cn-tWw. AXn-\p-tijw Rm Ah-tcmSv Ah-cpsS
t]cp- I tNmZn- p- I bpw Ah- k m- \ - a mbn Ah B k- a bw
]mn Fp sNp-I-bm-bn-cpp F hnhcw Bcm-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp.
Ahsc tNmZyw sNbvXp sImn-cp--tm Ahcn Ghpw
{]mbw Ipd hyn-bpsS ]mkns t]mv hop \np- t\cw Fs PohnXw Poh\pw ac-W-n\pw CS-bn a-Sn-p. Hc-
-Xmbn Rm {inp Hcp ]s tkmIvknsbIp XncpIn
hn-cn-p Hcp tXmv BImw Fpw Rm Nnn-p. AXp
156
a F ZoL-bm{X
]cn-tim-[n-m\mbn Rm Ip\n-p. B kabw Btcm Fs
apI-fn-tev hcp--Xmbn F\nv tXmnb-Xns\ XpSv Rm
apI-fn-tep t\mn. B aqp-t]-cn Dbcw IqSnb B (]-Xn-
\-p-h-bp {]mbw) Fs Xep t\sc Hcp tXmp Nqn-bn-
cn-p--Xm-bmWv Rm I-Xv. FmWv kw`-hn-p-Xv Fv
Nnn-p--Xn-\p-ap-mbn Xs Ah \nd-sbm-gn-p. AXn \nv
]m shSn-bp Fs heXp In\v apI-fn-embn Xdp
]Xn-p. tXmns Ipg-en \nv ]pd-s Xozm-ebpw shSn-a-
cp- ns ]pI- b psS aWhpw Ctmgpw Fs a\- n \ne-
\npp. AsX XpSv Rm ]pd-tImp adn-p. B Ipn
cm-aXpw Fs ta shSn-bp-Xnp. B shSn-bp Fs Igp-
n BWv ]Xn--Xv. Rm Xd-bn hoWp InS-p-tm Ah
Fs apI-fn \nv aqm-aXpw shSn-sh-p.
Rm thZ\ sImv ]pf-p. Fs icocw ac-hnp \n-e-
ambn; Rm acn-p-hm t]mIpp Fv F\nv tXmn. Rm
acn-p-hm Xm-dm-bn-cp-n-. Ghpw `bm-\-I-amb Hcp A\p-`-h-
am-bn-cpp AXv. Fs kl-{]-h-I tdUntbm sImv
ktiw Abp. "Ten Thirteen Central ! Ten Thirteen Central!'' B tImdkv
ktiw tI-tm kwK-Xn-I-fpsS Kuchw F\nv hy-ambn
Rm Fs Ip-I AS-p.''
]noSv Fp kw`-hnp F-Xn-s\-p-dnv oh\v Hm-bn.
klm-b-n-s\-n-b-h IXv ohs tNmc-bn Ipfn ico-
c-am-bn-cp-p. kP v InwKv \nev Ccpv ohs\ aSn-bn shv
Hcp sXmn-en F-Xp-t]mse ]Xps Bp-p. kP v InwKv
(Sergent King) B ka-bv \n-lm-b-\mbn Ic-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-p.
klm-b-n-s\-n-b-h Hcp \nanjw t]mepw \jvS-sSpmsX
Ccp-]Xp _vtfmp-I amdn-bp \yqtbmnse lmew F
es {][m\ Bip-]-{Xnbn-tev (Metropolitan Hospital) IpXn-
p. DS Xs B tlmkv]n--en-se, tUmIvS-dp-amcpw \kp-amcpw
I-\n-c-X-cmbn hn-p. ASp \mev]n Fp-a-Wn-q
h-k-c-n ohs {][m\ tUmIvS, Ah\v Pohn-p-hm-\p
km[yX hfsc hnc-f-am-sWpw Ah-km\ bm{X ]d-bp--Xn\v
157
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
IpSpw-_mw-K-sf Adn-bn--W-sapw t]meokv Io-j-W-tdmSp
]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn.
""Am-y-am-b-XmWv Ah sNbvX-Xv. Ah Fs cn-p.
Fs Igp-n ]Xn _pv \s-n-tev Ib-dn-bn-cp-p. AXp-
sImv ssIIm- e p- I A\- p- h mt\m sh n- t e- CmsX
izmtkm-mkw sNp-hmt\m F\nv Ign-n-. I-\n-c-X-\mb
Hcp t]meokv Hm^o-k F Ah--bn \nv \n-lm-bm-
hbn \nv \n-lm-b-h--bn-tep Hcp {Inan-\ Ip-
ns Cc-bm-bn, Fs Igp-p-ap-X Xmtgmv Rm Xf
Ah--bn-em-bn-op.
CXv Adn-bn-p--Xn\v {][m\ tUmIvS Fs apdn-bn h
Ah-kcw Fs `mcy B\pw IqsS Dm-bn-cp-p. Fs Hcp
m]-\-n Bt--Xns Bh-iy-I-X-sb-p-dnv Atlw
Fs `mcytbmSp ]d-p. R-fpsS hnhmlw Ign-v shdpw
Fp amkw am{Xta Av Bbn-cp-p-p. 23 hbp {]mb-ap-m-
bn-cp B\n\v aqp amkw K`hpw Dm-bn-cp-p. tUmIvS ]d-
Xp {ihn DSs\ Ah \nep hoWp Ic-p. B kabw
Rm\pw Ic-p. ssII \on Ahsf Xtem-Sp-hm-\mbn F\nv
km[n-n-.
CXn-\p-tijw \o ]Xn-s\-p-am-k-mew BZyw \yqtbm-
nepw (New York) ]noSv sImf-dm-tUm-bnepw (Colarado) Bip-]-
{Xn- I - f n Rm Ign- p. ]c- - l mbw IqSmsX F\nv
bmsXmpw sNp-hm kmy-am-bn-cp-n-. PohnXw hopw ]pXp-
Xmbn Bcw-`n-p A\p-`q-Xn-bmWv F\nv Dm-b-Xv. ]e-hn-[-
n-ep ssZ\w-Zn\ IrXy-v, `Ww Ign-p--Xn-\v, Ipfn-
p--Xn\v Cs\ Hmtcm-n\pw ap--hsc B{i-bntXmbn
hp.
Fs A]-I-S-n-\p-tijw Bdp-amkw Ignv Fs `mcy
Hcp BIpns\ {]k-hn-p. R Ah\v tIm-tWm (Conor)
F t]cv \In. Rm XpSv Pohn--W-sa ktiw ssZhw
\Ip-Xp t]mse Bbn-cpp Ahs P\-\w. Fs Pohn-X-
n F\nv hyXn-bm\w \tI-Wta Fv Rm {]mn-p.
158
a F ZoL-bm{X
Fs shSn-sh bphm-hn-t\mSp an-Ww F B{K-l-
amWv B {]m-\bvv adp-]-Sn-bmbn F\nv e`n--Xv. thZ-\m-P-
\-I-amb B kw`-h-tmSp A\p-_-n-p Fmhn[ ZpjvNn--
I-sfbpw Fs a\-n \nv XpSp amp-hm Rm B{K-ln-p.
tIm]w, Cujy, ]I, hntZzjw CXymZn \ntj-[m--I--fmb
hnIm-c-sf \in-n-p--Xn\v Rm {ian-p. Fs `mcysbbpw
Ipn-s\bpw Npp-]m-Sp-ap a-t\-I-tcbpw kvt\ln-pI F-
Xm-bn-cpp Fs eyw.
tImtWm (Conor) P\n--Xn\v tijw A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX
Hcp {]v tIm^-dkv \S--s-p. Fs Nn-I-sf-p-dnpw
Rm F{]-Imcw Pohn-pp F-Xn-s\-p-dnpw Adn-hm Ah
B{Klw {]I-Sn-n-p. B kabw Fs shSn-sh bphm-hn-t\mSp
Rm anncn-pp F hkvXpX ]mn B (Patti Ann) shfn-
s-Sp-n-''.
jmthZv tPmkv Fm-bn-cpp ohns\ shSn-sh bphm-
hns \ma-t[-bw. cp-t]-cp-sSbpw kml-N-cy- hfsc hyXy-
-am-bn-cp-p. ohv shfp h-m-c\pw jmthmZv Idp--
h-m-c\pw. ohv, temv sFeUn CS-cw Hcp IpSpw-_-
nepw jmthmZv lmtew (Harlem) luknwKv t{]mP-IvSnepw hf-
n-cpp. As\ Xptemw hyXy--fmb ]m--e--fm-bn-
cpp Ah-cp-tS-Xv. Ah Xn-ep _w B shSn-sh-bv]ns
]m- - e - n Ah- k m- \ n- p- a m- b n- c p- p. Fm oh\v
jmthmZpw Bbn Hcp At`Zy _w Dv F tXm Df-
hmbn.
""Ap-X-I-c-ambn R Xn kvt\ln-X-cm-bn. AXns
XpSw Abmv Rm Fgp-Xnb Fgp-p-I-fm-Wv. BZy Ime-
-fn Fs Fgp-p-Iv Abm adp-]Sn \In-bn-. ]noSv
Abm adp-]Sn Ab-p. Htm ctm hjw Ign--Xn\v tijw
Hcp Znhkw cm{Xn Pbn-en \nv Abm R-fpsS `h-\-n-
temv t^m sNbvXv Fs `mcy-tbmSpw ]p{X-t\mSpw am]Ww
\S-n. Abm-fpsS am-]Ww R kzoI-cn-p. AtXm-sSmw
Xs `mhn-bn Hcp-anv ImWp-hm\pw Hcpanv {]hn-m\pw
159
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? a F ZoL-bm{X
D k`--fp-m-Ip-sav {]Xo-n-p--Xmbpw ]d-p. Hcp \ym-h--bn ]qm-tcm-Ky-tm-Sp Pohn-X-N-cy-I-fn \nv
kabw Ata-cn apgp-h Hcp-anv k-cnv, Hcp Ip-Ir-Xy-ns XpSp \o-sv ho sNb-dn (wheel chair) Pohn-tn hcp
]m--e-n R cp-t]cpw F{X-am{Xw hyXym-k-sp kml-Ncyw Nn-bv-Xo-X-amWv. AXn\p ]pdsa izmk-\mf-nse
F-Xn-s\-p-dnpw Pohn-X-ns aqey-sfpdnpw {]Ion- ikv{X-{InbbpsS {]iv\- aqew \gvkn-s\bpw ap--h-scbpw
p-hm km[npw Fv Rm Binp''. B{i-bn-t-n-bn-cp-p. Cu kml-N-cyspdnv ohv hni-Zo-
Ime-{I-taW At\ym-\y-ap Bi-b-hn-\n-abw Ipdp Cm- I-cn-p-p.
sX-bm-bn. 1995- jmthmZv Hcp tam sskn A]-I-S-n ""Xfp InS-pI F kml-Ncyw Pohn-X-n hfsc
sIm-s-Sp-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Hcp ]t ohs A\p-c-RvP\ sshj-ay-ta-dn-b-Xm-Wv. Fs `mcysb ssII-fn sIn-]p-Wnv
kwcw` ^e-iq-\y-am-sbv ]ecpw Nnn-t-mw. Fm cp ]Xn-mp Ign-n-cn-p-p. Fs ]p{X tImtWm (Conor)
Abm As\ Icp-Xp-n-. Cv Hcp bph-hmbn amdn--gn-p. F\nv Ahs IqsS Ifn-p-
""B Ipnv Rm Hcp t]meokv _mUvPv am{X-am-bncp-p. hm km[n-n-n-. hf-sc-b-[nIw hop-ap-p Ah-k-c-
Khsans\ {]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-p Hcp _mUvPv. ]mh-shsc F\nv Df-hm-Ip-p.''
]ngnbp apX-em-fn-amsc klm-bn-p Hcp-tZym-K- ]mh- ]s Fp-sImv ohkv Xs FXn-cm-fn-tbmSp an-p.
s--h-cpsS tI{--fn in {]I-S\w \S-p-, Ahsc IpSn- ""]I-bpsS lrZ-bhpw Bbn Pohn-p-Xv \s-n _pv Ib-
sbm-gn-n-p-Ibpw Ah-cpsS CS-bnse {Ia-k-am-[m\w ]menp- dp--Xn-t\-m `bm-\-I-c-amb Hcp Ah--bm-Wv Fv a\-n-
Ibpw sNp \njvTq-c-\mb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn. Cu hn[-n-ep em-n-b-Xn-\m Rm jmthm-Zn-t\mSv (Shavod) an-p. A-s\-
Hmtcm Nn-I-fm-bn-cnpw Ahs\ `cn-ncp-Xv. bp Ah Xo-bmbpw Bob apdn-hp-I Df-hm-pw. Fs
jmthmZn\v Rm Hcp i{Xp-hm-bncp-p. Ah Fs Hcp `mcysbbpw ]p{X-s\bpw ap--h-scbpw ZpxJn-n-pw. imco-cnI
hyn-bmbn Incpn-. kvt\ln-p-hm\pw kvt\ln--s-Sp- apdn-hp-I thZ-\m-P-\-Ihpw Akp-J-I-chpw BWv. Fm
hm\pw km[n-p Hcp a\p-jy, Hcp `mhv As-n Bob apdn-hp-I hcp-m-Xn-cn-m F\n-v km[n-pw.
A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX ]nXm-hm-Im t]mIp Hcp hyn. Ahs Pohn-X-n Ft-Xm-bp \ ka-bhpw tami-amb ka-bhpw
Xc-n-ep--hsc kwL-Sn-nv h hnth-N-\-s A\p-Iq-en- Dv. Nne Znh-k--fn {]tXy-Inpw Akp-J- hcp-tm
p t]meo-kns\Xnsc i_vZw Dbt-Xv Bh-iy-amWv F\nv Nne-tm tIm]hpw ap Nne-tm hnjmZhpw hcpw.
Fv Hcp-]t Ah Icp-Xn-bncp-ncnmw. Ahs\ Ipw ]d- Nne-tm acn--W-sa Nnbpw Fs {Kkn-m-dp-v. Fm
hm F\nv km[n-p-I-bn-. Ahs kaq-lw, IpSpw_w, kmaq- tIm]w FXv A-iq-\y-amb Hcp hnIm-c-amWv Fv Rm
ly-{]-h-I Ch-sc-m-hcpw Xs Fs Ip-ap-p--Xn\p a\-n-em-n-bn-p-v.
app ]cm-P-b-s-n-cp-p.'' jmthmZnt\mSv DS-\Sn an-p-hm F\nv Ign-n-cp-n.
1997- BWv Rm ohns\ ]cn-N-b-s-Sp--Xv. AXn-\p- AXn\v kabw thn hp. ]Xn-m-ep-hj- sImmWv
tijw R Bm kplr-p--fmbn amdn. ohns ]cn- kwK-Xn-I cq]-sp h-Xv. Rm AXn-s\-p-dnv Fm Znh-
an-Xn-Isfpdnv Rm Ap-X-tm-Sp-IqSn Btem-Nn-m-dp-v. khpw Hmpw. Fm Hcp kwKXn F\nv Xd-np ]d-hm
Hcp {]mb-ap hynv t]mepw ho sNbdnep (Wheel chair) km[n-pw. jmthmZnt\mSv anXn F\nv bmsXmcp ]m-
PohnXw A-ly-ambn tXmpw. Fm buh-\-ns aq- m-]hpw tXmn-bn-n-.
160 161
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
AtX Xc-n-ep Nn-I-fmWv Fs {]nb-`m-cybvpw DXv.
''ohns\ tXmp-sImv shSn-sh Ipn-tbmSp an-pI
FXv F{Xbpw ZpjvIcw Bbn-cp-p. Fn-\mWv Ah AXv
sNbvXXv? ap Ipn-Iv km[n-p--Xp-t]mse Ah-cpsS ]nXm-
hns\mw Ifn-p-Ibpw ap {]hrn-Ifn CS-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNm
Fs ]p{X\v km[n-p- n-. CuhI Nn-I-f n-sem- sbpw
R hf-sc-b-[nIw `mc-s-Sp-p. Fm ktm-j-ap Z-
Xn-I-fmbn Ign-b-W-sa-n tIm]w BZn-bmb Zpjn hnIm-c-
If-tb-Xv AXym-h-iy-amWv Fv hfsc app-Xs Rm ]Tn-
n-cp-p. AXp-sImv am{X-amWv Rv C{Xbpw \m Hcp-
anv Pohn-p-hm km[n--Xv. Fs-m \n-fpsS a\-n-\p-
n Fs-nepw ]pI-bp-p-sh-n AI-p-\np Xsbpw
AXv \nsf \in-npw''.
Cv \yqtbmv \K-c-n\pw Npp-]mSpw D \nc-h[n e-
-fnepw ohv Xnc-p-]n-Sn ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fp Hcp hyn-bm-Wv.
kvIqfp-I-fn-emWv {][m-\-ambpw Atlw {]kw-K- \S-p--
Xv. henb BUn-tm-dn-b-n P\m-h-ensb ]nSn-n-cpn Ah-
cpsS {isb ]nSnp ]p-hm-\p Ignhv ohn\pv. B{I-aW
hmk\ {]tXy- I npw bph- P - \ - - f psS a\- n Cpw Hcp
bmYmy-am-Wv. jmthm-Zns\ (Shavod) tmse AXns\ AXn-Po-
hn-p-hm km[n-pw. AXn-\p {][m\ LS-I - f- mWv kvt\lw,
_lp-am\w, a CXymZn Znhy-Kp-W-.
oh tdm_v F^v. sIUnbpsS Hcp D-cWn km[m-
cW D]-tbm-Kn-m-dp-v. ""Idp-Xpw shfp--Xpw, [\n-I\pw Zcn-
{Z-\pw, sNdp--m-c\pw {]mb-ap--h-\pw, {]i-kvX\pw Adn-b-s-
Sm--h\pw, Ghcpw A{I-a-ns Cc-I-fm-Imw. Ah Fm-hcpw
Xs a\p-jy-hy-n-I-fm-Wv. kvt\ln-p-Ibpw kvt\ln--s-Sp-
Ibpw sNp-a - \
- p-jy-hy-n-I'' AXp-t]mse Xs Fm {]kw-
K--fnepw amn eqY InwKns\bpw oh D-cn-m-dpv.
""Rm Hcp _me Bbn-cp--tm tUm. InwKv, \yqtbm-
nep Fs ]-W-n hp. At-l-ns {]kwKw
tIp-hm Fs amXmhv t]mbn. At-l-ns hmIvt[m-c-
Wn-bn Fs amXmhv hf-sc-b-[nIw BIj-bm-bn. At-l-
162
a F ZoL-bm{X
ns hmp-I \npw {]tNm-Z-\-]-c-am-bn-cnpw Fv
Rm Icp-Xp-p. Ghpw ZpjvS-cmb a\p-jy-cn t]mepw \-bpsS
Nne hi-fpw AS-n-bn-cn-pp FmWv amn eqY InwKv
(Dr. King) ]d-bp--Xv. \mw CXv a\-n-em-p-tm ap--hsc
kvt\ln-p-hm\pw Ah-tcmSp an-p-hm\pw \apv Xmev]cyw
tXmpw. Hcn- am{Xw sNp Hcp {]hrn F-Xnepw D]-
cnbmbn a FXv Hcp kz`mh sshin-y-am-Wv. hymbmaw
sImv icocw Btcm-Ky-tmSp IqSn kqn-p-Xp t]mse
Xs a\-n-s\bpw lrZ-b-sbpw Btcm-Ky-tmsS Imp-]cn-
]m-en-t--Xm-Wv. a-sb-Xv Hcn- am{Xw kw`-hn-p
H. Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h Hmtcm Znh-khpw Pohnt--Xm-Wv.
Beokv ItemwKm & skbndm sj
(Alice Calonga & Saira Sher)
ohns IY-bn abvp thn-bp A-W-ns
]m--e-nse t]mcm--s-p-dnv kqNn-n-pp. Fm
Fp-h-b-p-am{Xw {]mb-ap kbnd sjdns (Saira Sher) A\p-`-h-
ns shfn--n Hcp Da Xocp-am-\-am-Ip BZy-]Sn Cu
t]mcm--n hnP-bn-p--Xn-\m-h-iy-amWv F hkvXpX hy-
am--s-Sp-p.
\yqtbmnse (New York) t{Smbn (Troy) F ev Xs
amXm- h n- s \mw \S aqp- h - b - p- I mcn kbndmsb AXn-
thKwh Im-ap-n. amk--tfmfw \op-\n ikv{X-{In-b-I,
Bip-]{Xn ]cn-N-c-Ww, Ch-sbmw Ign-npw ]q-n-Xn-bn-
tev hcp-hm skbvdmbvv km[n-n-. Fm Cv kbndm
Xs ho sNb-dnemsW-nepw Xs kzw kwKoX {Kqn
{][m\ ]mp-Im-cn-bm-Ip-hm-\pw, AwK-ssh-I-ey-ap Ipn-Ip
thn Hcp m]\w \S-p-hm\pw D ]cn-{i-an-n-em-Wv.
""_mly-ambn Rm _-\ - b - m-sW-nepw B-co-Ia - mbn Rm
kzX-{-bm-Wv.'' Ah-cpsS kvIqfnse Hcp {]kn-o-I-c-W-n
Ah Fgp-Xn. \S-p-hm km[n-p GsXmcp hyn-tb-mfpw
IqSp-X-embn Rm {]hn-p-p. Cu XfhmXw kmc-am-t-
-Xn-.''
163
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? a F ZoL-bm{X
kbndmsb ]cn-N-cn-p Beokv Item (Alice Calonga) F tcmjm-Ip-e-bm-bn. AXns\ XpSv Ahp-mb A]-I-S-s-
hen-b--tbmSp tNmZn-m hyXy--amb Hcp Nn{Xw \apv p-dnv Ah FtmSp hnh-cn-p. A-a-tbm-sS-bmWv ss{Uh
e`npw. Imtdm-Sn-Xv Fv Ah FtmSp ]d-p. Abm-fpsS apn
kbnd Hcp {]tNm-Z-\-am-Wv. Ahv BtcmSpw hntZz-j-an-. Dm-bn-cp hml-\-ns apn Ib-dp-hm Abm X{X-sp.
D-aK - p-W
- f - mWv kbnd. PohnX ss\cmiyw Ahsf
- psS hnf-\n-ea B ka-b-mWv Im kbvdmbpsS ta hn-Sn--Xv. B e-
_m[n-p-n-. Fm Ipn-I-sfbpw t]mse Ah km[m-cW p-\npw c-s-Sp-hm-\p _m-Sn hopw kbndmbpsS
Hcp Ipn-bmbn hn-p-p. Ah-fn \nv FSp--s--Xn-t\- ta Im app-I-bp-m-bn. B ka-b-mWv Ah-fpsS Igppw
m hfsc IqSp-X-embn Bbncw Ccn Ah Xs Npp-]m-Sp- \spw HSnv X-ta--Xv.
ap-h- v aSn \Ip-p. Fnepw A]-IS- - n IqSn Ahv BZyw AXv F\nv hniz-kn-m km[n-n-. Fm Fs
kw`-hn \jvSs \nI-p-hm-\m-I-bn-. aI ]d-Xv Acw {]Xn icn-bm-bn-cp-p-shv Rm a\-n-
A]-I-S-ap-m-b-Xns\ XpSp cp aqv Znh-k- Hcn- em-n. Al-X-bn-m Hcm-tfmSv Rm a Imn F Am-
epw ad-p-hm kmy-a-. B_\n F es Bip-]- fn-n-embn Rm. CsX-m-am-bn-cp-npw Abm-tfm-Sp Fs a
{Xn-bnse Ipn-I-fpsS hn`m-K-nse ICU hn\v kao]w R bYm-m-\-mbncpp Fv F\nv bmsXmcp kwi-bhpw C.
Imp-\n-p. X-fpsS Ipn-I-sf-bp-ambn \nc-h[n Bfp-I B ""at-h-scbpw t]mse F\n-pw tIm]w Df-hmbn Fnepw B
]cn-k-cv Dm-bn-cp-p. Fm cp bphm- ap--h-cn Imdns ss{Uh-tdmSp an-Xv DNn-X-ambn Fp Rm hniz-kn-
\nv hyXy--cmbn F\nv tXmn. Fs-m Ah kZm- p-p. AXv Hcp ]s lrZ-b-ns AKm-[-X-bn \np
k-a-bhpw AhnsS\nv Fs Xpdnv t\mn-sm-n-cp-p. Ah- kz`m-hnI {]Xn-I-cWw Bbn-cp-n-cn-mw. As B \nanjw
km\w Ah- c n Hcm Fs kao]w hv ""B Im apn Abm-tfmSv an-n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n Hcp ]s F\nv Hcn-
]cnpI ]n-n-S-p Ipn-bpsS _\v[phmtWm Rm Fp epw AXp-t]mse Hcp Ah-kcw e`n-p-am-bn-cp-n Fv Rm
tNmZnp. "AXv Rm Xs-sb' Dcw \In. Ah-fpsS hen- hniz-kn-p-p. B a\p-jy a Aln-p-n FXv hy-
bbmtWm Fv Ah XpSp tNmZn-p. "AsX' Fp Rm am-Wv. Abm-fpsS m\v Rm Bbn-cp-p-sh-n Abm
adp-]Sn \In. sNbvXXv Rm sNbvXn-cppshn Xo-bmbpw Rm a-
AXns\ XpSv Abm BcmWv F adp-tNmZyw Rm bvp-thn B{K-ln-p-am-bn-cp-p. Rm Abm-tfmSp an-t- m
tNmZn-p-I-bp-m-bn. AXn\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn Fs sNdp-a-Isf Fs Nn Bhn-[-n-em-bn-cp-p.
CSnp-ho-gvnb Imdv Ah-cmWv HmSn-n-cp-Xv Fv FtmSp AXp-I-gn--Xn-\p tijw B hyn-sb-p-dnv IqSp-X-embn
]d-p. AXns\ XpSv Ah-tcmSv an-Ww Fp Ah ]eXpw a\-n-em-p-hm km[n-p. Abm XpSpw bmsXmcp
At]-n-p. B kabw Rm kvXw`-\m-h--bn-em-bn. Abm- A\p-Xm-]hpw ap--h-tcm-Sp ]cn-K-W-\-Ifpw CmsX Xs
fpsS m\v Fs-s \nn t\mn. Abm-tfmSp an- coXn-I XpSp hp. Abm CXp-t]m-se-bp hnhn[ kw`-
Ww Fv Rm Xocp-am-\np. AXns kqN-I-ambn Rm h--fn Abm {]Xn-bm-bncpp. kbvdmbvv A]-ISw hcp--
Abmsf sIn-p-Wp. Xn\p app Xs ]sm-Xp {]mhiyw Abm CXp-t]mse-
B ka-b-mWv ICU hn \nv Fs aI ]pd-t-n-dn bp IrXy--fn ]m-fn-bm-Wv.''
h-Xv. B a\p-jy-\p-ambn kwkm-cn-p-Xv Iv Ah FtmSv
164 165
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Xs BZy--a F Zm\-n Ddp \np-Xv XnIpw
Hcp am\-knI t]mcmw Bbncpp Fv Beokv ]d-bpp.
Fm B t]mcmw Beokns\ IqSp-X in-bp Hcp
hyn-bmbn amn Fpw Ah Ah-Im-i-s-Sp-p.
\mw ap--h-cm D]-tbm-Kn--s-Spp F Nn-bn \nv
hnap--am--s-Sp-hm ka-b-sa-Sp-pw. Rm Ctm B kw`-h-
s-p-dnv adp Ign-n-cn-p-p. Fs a hmkvX-h-n
B a\p-jy Aln-p-n-m-bn-cn-pw. Rm an-Xp sImv
Fs lrZ-b-`m-c- eLp-hm-bn-on-cn-p-p. Rm an-
n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-n Fs tIm] Nn-Ifpw Bbn \ncm-i-bnepw
am\-knI `mc-nepw Ign-bp-am-bn-cp-p. an-p-hm Xm-dm-
bXpsImv sa-amb Hcp Pohn-X-n-tev Xncn-bp-hm F\nv
km[n-p. kbndsb ]cn-N-cn-p--Xn-\p inbpw AXn \nv
F\nv e`y-am-bn.''
sdn (Terry)
a-bpsS ]mTw X-fpsS Pohn-X-n IqSn shfn-s-Sp-p-
hm Ign oh Beokv Ch-scm-sbpw am-ioew A\p-
I-cn-m\mbn \ap-p Da amXr-II - f
- m-Wv. A-s\-bphcpsS
IY-I \psS lrZ-b-n Dsmv Cu am-ioew \psS
Pohn-X-n kzmb--am-p-n Fn AXp-sImp {]tbm-
P\w Df-hm-Ip-n-. A-h
- m-bn, Ahsb \psS Pohn-X
{]mhn-I-am--W-sa-n \psS hgn-I-fpw Ah-cpsS hgn-Ifpw
_nnt-Xm-Wv.
B- c nI kuJy- n\pw ]q- X bv pw D hgn- I
Ghpw Hcp-t]mse Bbn-cn--W-sa-n-. Fm hyn-Ifpw
Ah-chcpsS kzhpw hyXy-hpw Bb ]mX-I-fn IqSn-bmWv
Kan-p-Xv Fnepw eyw Hp-Xs - -bm-Wv. an-p-X- n-\p
in Nnev e`y-am-Ip-Xv Ah-cpsS Dn \nv Xs-bmWv
Fn ap ]epw Npp-]m-Sp-ap--h-cpsS klm-b-m-em-Wv.
X-fpsS kzw ]cn-an-Xn-Isf a\-n-em-p Nne D-X-amb
ssZhoI in-bn B{i-bnv an-p-p. Fm ap ]epw
an-p-hm Hcn-epw km[n-p-n-.
166
a F ZoL-bm{X
Fgp-p-Ip-n IqSn Rm _-s-- sdnv 37 hbp {]mb-
ap-v. AXn 19 hjw Pbn-ep-I-fnepw Zpp-W-]-cn-lmc ]mT-im-
e-I-fnepw BWv Abm Pohn--Xv. kz-a-sf ]oUn-n-n-cp
amXm-]n-Xm--fn \npw sdntbbpw ktlm-Z-c--sfbpw Ip-p-
fpw kwc--W-n\p thn-bp Khsans {]tXyI
hn`m-Kw (Child Welfare Agency) cnv 20- ]cw hj- A-
s\-bp--hv thn-bp m]-\--fn hfn. Fm
B m]-\-bpsS tat\mw hln-n-cp hyn sdnsb imco-
cn-I-ambn D]-{Z-hn-p. asmcp m]-\-n Hcp-anv Xma-kn
apdn-bnse apXn Ipn-I ssewKn-I-ambn sdnsb ]oUn-n-p.
aqm-as m]-\-n Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X sdnsb ssewKo-I-
ambn D]-tbm-Kn-p. ChnsS \nsmw Hfn-tmSn Fnepw Ah
hopw hopw ]nSn--sp Fp am{X-a ASp ]q-s apdn-
I-fn GIm-X A\p-`-hnv Pohn-t-n hp. Ahs `Ww
IX-Ins Hcp sNdnb Zzmc-n IqSn Ah\v \In. ASn-h-kv{X-
am{Xta Ah\v [cn-m \In-bncp-pp.
sdn aZy-n-sbpw ab-p-a-cp-p-I-fp-sSbpw ASn-a-bmbn amdn.
Ahs buh- \ - s - p- d n- p Hm- I shdpw aqSp- ] - S -
ambnop. \nc-h[n XhW Ah B-l-Xybvpw {iaw
\S-n. CsXm-s-bm-sW-nepw Xs PohnXw \c-I-Xp-ey-am-n-
b-Xn ]p Gh-tcmSpw an--W-sav Ah B{K-ln-p.
- n
sXmb hgn-I kzoI-cn--Xn\v Xtm-Sp-X-s-bp abpw
Ah B{K-ln-p. AXp-t]mse Xs Xm Ip IrXy-
sNbvXX - n IqSn (tam-jW- hpw aZy-]n-v Imtdm-Sn-p-X
- pw) sshj-
ay- t\cn--h-cn \nv X\nv abpw Ah {]Xo-n-p.
""Rm \n-tfm-sSmw Ccpv Fs ]m]-{]-hn-Isf Hmtcm-
mbn Gp-]d - b
- mw. Rm Adn-pw Adn-bm-sXbpw sNbvX Fs
Hmtcm sXn-s\bpw Ipdnv Rm A\p-X-]n-p-p. F\nv Hcp
\ lrZbw BWv D-Xv. Bcv Fp tNmZn-mepw Rm sImSp-
p-p. Rm ap--hsc kvt\ln-pp ]s Fs-s
shdp-p-p. CXns Aw FmWv? asm-cm thZ-\n-bvp-
tm AtXm-sSmw Rm\pw thZ\ kln-p-p.
167
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Fs a\- ns ASn- - n tIm]w \nd- n- c n- p- p.
bYm-n kvt\ln-p-hm F\nv km[n-p-n-. Fs
Dn Ib-dn-bn-cn-p kmms\ XS-bp-hmt\m Fm Znh-khpw
Rm kln-p thZ-\-Isf Zpco-I-cn-p-hmt\m F\nv km[n-
p-n-.
Rm ap--h-tcm-sSmw Ccn-p-tm Cu hnIm-c-sf ad-
bvp-p. Ah-cpsS apn Rm Xami ]d-bp-Ibpw Nncn-p-
Ibpw sNp-p. Fm Rm X\nsb Bbn-cn-p-tm \ntj-
[m--I--fmb Fm hnIm-c-fpw Fs he-bvp-p. GIm--
Xbpw ap--h-cm X-s--p F Nnbpw {]Xn-Im-tcbpw,
B-l-Xy-Nn--Ifpw Fs ]nSn-Iq-Sp-p. am\-koI NnIn,
(Psychotherapy) Iukn-enwKv Ch-bnsemsbpw Rm ]s-Spp.
]e-hn[ acp-p-Ifpw Rm Ign-p. ]s Ah-sbmpw Xs
^e-{]-Z-am-bn.
Fs Pohn-X - n-tebvv tbip htc-Wta Fv \nc-h[n XhW
Rm {]mn-n-p-v. tbip Ipd-s-nepw Fs Pohn-X-n-
hp Fp Rm hniz-kn-p-p. C Fn Rm CXv Fgp-
Xp-am-bn-cp-n-. ]s Cu ZpjvS-Nn--I Fp-sImv Fs
a\-n IS-p-h-cp-p. ap--h-tcmSp hntZzjw Cm-sX-bn-cn-m-
\p Hcp Xocp-am\w FSp-p-hm F\nv km[n-p-n-.
Fs _mey-Imew ]q-ambn F\nv \jvS-s-p. R
Ipn-I-fm-bn-cp--tm FtmSpw Fs ktlm-Z-c--tfmSpw R-
fpsS amXm-]n-Xm- sNbvX \njvTq-c-Ir-Xy--sf-p-dnv Ctmgpw
Fs lrZ-b-n tIm]hpw ZpxJhpw Dv. Ah-cpsS apJv
ASn-bvp--Xn-s\-p-dnv cm{Xn-bn InSv kz]v\w ImWm-dp-v.
Fm A-s\bpw A-sbbpw _lp-am-\npI FmWv thZ-
]pkvXIw ]d-bp--Xv.
]s F{X {ian-mepw F\nv AXn\v km[y-a-. Fs
tIm]s Cm-sX-bm-p-hm F\nv km[n-p-n-. Fs
_mey-Imew Zpjn--Xm-Wv. Fs aq ktlm-Z-cs\ FbvUvkv
_m[nv acn-m-dmb \ne-bn-emWv Rm Ah-km\w kin-Xv.
asmcp ktlm-Z-c Ign 40 hj--fmbn am\-kn-Im-ip-]-{Xn-
168
a F ZoL-bm{X
bn Ign-bp-p. thsdmcp ktlm-Zc - , R-fpsS ]nXmhv Rsf
Xn--X-n-cp--Xp-t]mse Xs Ipp-sf imco-cn-I-ambn ]oUn-
n-p-p. B {]iv\hpw Bbn _-sv ]e-X-hW Rm inip
kwc-W ka-Xnsb (Child Protection Agency) sb hnfn-p-I-bp-
mbn.
abvp thn Rm {]mn-p-p. Rm ap--hp
thnbpw {]mn-p-p. ssZh-n\v lnX-I-c-amb coXn-bn-ep
Hcp hyn-bmbn Fs Bn-o-Wta Fv Rm ssZh-
tmSv At]-n-p-p. ssZhw Cu Znhkw F\nv \Ip
Fpw ssI\on kzoI-cn-m-\p Ir]-bvmbn Rm At]-n-
p-p. Rm BcmWv FXv AwKo-I-cn-m-\p a\-n-\mbpw
Rm {]mn-p-p.
Fn-ep tIm]w Fs Imp Xnp--Xn-\m AXns\
Cm-sX-bm-p-hm Rm ]Tn-t-n-bn-cn-p-p. Cu Pbn-en
InSv Rm ac-W-a-S-bp-sav `b-s-Sp-p. Fs Bmhv CuP-
bn-e-d-Ifn \nXy-ambn Ignbpw Fp Rm hymIp-e-s-Sp-p.
Rm shdp-p--h-tcmSv an--W-sav F\nv B{Klw
Dv. Fs amXm-]n-Xm-fpw B KW-n s]Sp-p. Fm ka-
bpw ZpjvS-Nn--I Fs a\-n {]th-in-p-p-sh-nepw
Ahsb AI-p-hm Rm \nc-cw {]mn-p-p. F\npw
a e`y-am-tI-X - m-Wv. Fs ]mX-Isf t\h-gn-bn-emn F\nv
\-h-\m-bn-o-c-Ww.
tbip sXmv ]e-cp-sSbpw PohnXw cq]m--c-s-Sp-n-b-Xmbn
Rm ss__n-fn hmbn-p. tbip-hns kao-]-san tbip-
hns\ kv]in-p--Xn IqSn Ahv kuJyw e`y-am-bn. At\-
Im-bn-c--fpsS ay-n Rm shdpw Hcp _np am{X-am-Wv.
Fn-cn-nepw B Xc-n-ep kuJyw Rm B{K-ln-p-p.
CXv AXym-{K-l-amtWm?
sdn an-t hyn-Isf Hcp ]s Hcn-epw Ip-ap-n-
sbp hcn-I-bn-. As\ Bsc-sb-nepw Im Xsbpw
Ah-tcmSp ]d-bphm-\p hmp-I e`np Fv hcn-I-bn-.
Ahs `b-fpw apw sXn--cn-n--s-Smw. Hcp-hs Ghpw
169
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
AKm-[-am-b-hn-Im-c- ]pd-tv sImp-h-cnI FXv XnIpw
thZ-\m-P-\-I-am-Wv.
Fm hmp-I-f {][m-\-am-bp--Xv. sdnbvpw \ap-t-
hpw Xsbpw \psS B-cnI {]Xn-I-c-W-amWv k {][m-
\ambp--Xv. Pohn-X-n-t-Xm-bp hgn-I-fpsS Hmtcm ASnbpw
\mw B{K-ln-p coXn-bn aptmp \bn-p-Xv CXp-am-{X-
amWv. Hcp-]t Xmfw sXnb hnIm-c--ens ka-bpw
CXv \s klm-bn-pw.
_Uv shjv (Bud Welch)
_Uv shjns Pohn-Xm-`n-am-\-am-bn-cp 23 hb-p aI
Pqen sIm-s-p. Ct Znhkw hscbpw sIme-bm-fn-tbmSp an-
p-hm At-ln\v km[n-n Fnepw kz Pohn-X-nse
\ncm-ibpw tIm]hpw shSnv Abm Pqen-sb-p-dn-p a[p-c-
kva-c-W-I Ab-hn-dn Ah-fn A`n-am\w sImp.
Fp-Ip-n-I-fn aqm-a--h-\mbn P\n Rm Hcp Ubdn
^manemWv hf-Xv. ap--h-cp-ambn ]p-sh--W-sa-m-{K-lnv
HIvetlma (Oklahoma) F \K-c-n Ign 34 hj-ambn
Rm Hcp kokv tj (s]-t{Sm \Ip ew) \S-
p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. 1995 G{]n 19mw XobXn hsc Fs PohnXw
Xptemw efn-X-am-bn-cp-p. BZn-h-k-amWv Fs aI-fmb Pqen av
167 t]tcm-sSmw B{^Uv ]n. apdm (Alfred P Murrah) F t]cn-
ep sIn-S-n shv t_mw_v s]mnsdnv ac-W-a-S--Xv.
Fs Hma-\-aI-fm-bn-cp Pqensb Rm hf-sc-b-[nIw kvt\ln-
n-cpp.
a F ZoL-bm{X
cp-p. cm-gvN-bvIw Ah-cpsS hnhml \nbw shfn-s-Sp-
m Dt-in-n-cp-p-shv Rm a\-n-em-n-bXv Pqen ac-W-a-
S Znh-kw B-bn-cp-p.
h[insb Rm Fm-ehpw FXnn-cp-p. IpSpw-_mw-K-
-fn Bsc-nepw h[n--s-m Rm Fs A`n-{]mbw
Xncppw Fv kvt\ln-X-m Ah-Im-i-s-p. Pqensb Bsc-
nepw _emkwKw sNbvXv h[n-m Fs {]Xn-I-cWw Fm-
bn-cnpw? G{]n 19 mw XobXn hscbpw Rm Fs A`n-{]m-
b--fn Ddp \np.
B t_mw_v kvt^mS\w Ign-v BZys \mev BgvN-
Ifn, {]Xn-Im-tc-O, tIm]w, thZ-\, hntZzjw BZn-bm-bh Fs
a\-n \nd-n-cp-p. Ipw \S-n-b-hsc hfsc kpc-n-X-ambn
sImp-t]m-Ip--Xns ImcWw Atm am{X-amWv F\nv a\-
n-em-b-Xv. Ft-tmse ZpxJm-cm-b-h Ahsc h[n-p-hm
{ianpw.
1995 Ah-km-\-am-b-tm-tgpw Rm hm Hcp Ah--
bn-em-bn. hf-sc-b-[nIw aZy-]n-p-Ibpw Hcp Znhkw aqp ]mv
knK-dv hen-p-Ibpw sNp-hm Rm Xp\n-p. G{]n 19 mw
XobXn F\nv ISp am\-kn-Im-LmXw BWv Dm-bXv. AXn
\nv hnapn t\Sp-hm F\nv km[n-n-. CXn-t\m-S-\p-_-n-
mWv B t_mw_v kvt^mS\w \S e-tv t]mIp-hm
Rm Hcp-s--Xv.
P\p-hcn amks XWp-p Hcp aymw Bbn-cpp AXv.
Murrah bqWn-th-gvknn sInSw \ne-sIm-n-cp e-p-\nv

amkw XnI-bp--Xn\p apv P\nv ss]X-emWv Pqen (Jule). NppwsI-n-bn-cp thenv ]pdp IqSn \nc-h[n Bfp-I \S-
]s P\-\-k-a-bs {]iv\-sf AXn-Po-hnv Btcm-Ky-ap p-t]m-IpXv t\mnsmv Rm AhnsS \np. h[-in--
Hcp Ipn-bmbn Pqeo hfp. ams (Marquette) F bqWn- sb-p-dnv Rm B kabw Nnn-p. AtXm-sSmw Xs B
thkn-n-bn \nv kv]m\njv (Spanish) `mj-bn _ncpZw t\Sn- kvt^mS-\-n\v Imc-W-m-c-\m-bn-cp Xntamn aIvth h[-
b-Xn-\p-tijw tkmjy skq-cn-n-bn K-hsans kmaqly- inbvv hn[n-s - S-Ws
- av Rm B{K-ln-p. Fm Abm
{]-iv\- ssIImcyw sNp hn`m-Kn Xna sNp h[-in-bvv hn[n--s-Sp--Xn IqSn F\nv bYm kam-
Hcp hyn Bbn tPmen t\mn. thym-a-tk-\-bn e^v\ v [m\w e`y-amIptam F-Xn-s\-p-dnpw Rm Nnn-p. Hmtcm
Bbn-cp Fdn-p-ambn acn-p ka-bv {]W-b-nepw Bbn- ka-bhpw Rm CXv tNmZn-p Ah-k-c-n C F Hcp

170 171
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Dcw am{X-amWv F\nv e`y-am-b-Xv. {Inbm--Ihpw D-ahpw
Bb bmsXmpw AXp-sImv F\nv e`y-am-I-bn-. B hn[n
Pqensb Xncn-p-sIm-p-h-cn-I-bn-. bYm-n {]Xn-Im-tc-
Obpw hntZz-jhpw BWv B hn[-n Nnn-p-hm Fs
t{]cn-n-p--Xv. AtX Imc-W--fm-emWv 167 t]tcm-sSmw Pqen
sIm-s--Xv...''
Cu Hcp t_mt[m-Z-b-ns shfn--n _Uv h[-in--
bvs-Xn-sc-bp Xs ]q Nnm-K-Xn-bn-tep aS-n-sbp
am{X-a h[-in-sb in-bpw FXnp Hcp hyn-bmbn
amdp-Ibpw sNbvXp. hnhn[ e--fnse tZhm-e-b--fnepw, hnZym-
e-b--fn-epw, k-I-em-im-e-I-fnepw ap s]mXp e--fnepw
h[-in--bpsS A-iq-\y-Xsbpdn-p {]kwK ]c--c-I
Xs Atlw \S-p-I-bp-m-bn. _Uv hfsc Xnc-p hyn-
bmbn amdn. Fm Xna-n-bpsS (Timothy) bpsS ]nXm-hns\
t\cn ImWp-hm-\n-S-bmbXv Ghpw henb Hcp kwK-Xn-bmbn
Atlw Ctmgpw Icp-Xp-p.
""Ft-tmse Xs ZpxJw A\p-`-hn-p Hcp hyn-bmWv
_n aIvthbv (Bill Mcveigh) At-lhpw At-l- ns IpSpw-_hpw
Ctm A\p-`-hn-p thZ-\-sb-p-dnv F\nv Duln-p-hm
IqsS km[n-p-n-. F\nv Hcp aI \jvS-am-bn. Xnan h[-
in-bvv hn[n--s-Sp-p-sh-n _nn\v Hcp ]p{X BWv
\jvS-s-Sp-Xv. F\nv Hcp ]p{X Dv. B ]p{X 168 t]sc
kvt^mS-\-n IqSn h[n-p-p-sh-n Rm AXv Fs\
kzoI-cn-pw. Xs ZpxJ-tmSp IqSn _nn\v BPo-h\- m-w- hscbpw
Pohn-tn hcpw.
t_mw_v kvt^mS-\-n\v tijw Nne Znh-k- Ignv
Hcp n.-hn. t{]m{Km-an BWv Rm BZy-ambn _n aIv thbv
(Bill Mc Veigh) F hynsb I-Xv. _n Xs tXm-n
tPmen sNp--Xm-bn-mWv B t{]m{Km-an I-Xv. cp \nan-j-
Iw _n T.V. Iyma-dm-bn-tev t\mn-b-tm AKm-[-amb
thZ-\-b-\p-`-hn-p Hcp ]nXm-hns \\ \b-\--sf-bmWv
Rm Zin-Xv. AtX Xc-n-ep A\p-`-h--fn IqSn IS-p-
172
a F ZoL-bm{X
t]m-bXp sImp am{X-amWv B thZ\ a\-n-em-p-hm F\nv
km[n-Xv. Fs-nepw _nns\ t\cn Iv At-l-ns
hnIm-c-sf ]p-sh-bv-W-sav Rm B{K-ln-p.
A-s\-bmWv At-ls ImWp-hm Rm Xm-dm-b-Xv.
Rm At-l-ns `h-\-n sN-tm Atlw tXm-
n ]Wn FSp-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Atlw If ]dn-p-Ibpw ap
tPmen-I-fn Gs-Sp-Ibpw sNp--Xn-t\m-sSmw R Ac-
a-Wn-qtdmfw kwkm-cnp sImn-cp-p. AXn-\p-tijw am{X-amWv
R `h-\ - n-tev {]th-in-p-Ibpw At-l - ns 24 hbp
{]mbap ]p{Xn sPn-^-dns\ ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
{]th-in apdn-bn Nne Nn{X- Npa-cn Xqn-bn-n-cp-Xv
Fs {i-bns-p. B IpSpw_ Nn{X--fn Ghpw hen-bXv
Xna-n-bp-tS-Xm-bn-cp-p. ""Fsmcp kp-c'' Fv Rm Ah-
k-c-n ]d-p. tXm-n shv Xs hnIm-c--f-S-p-hm
Xm hf- s c- b - [ nIw _- s - S p- pv Fv _n FtmSp
]d-n-cp-p. Xna-nsbp-dn-p Fs hmp-Iv adp-]-Sn-
bmbn _n {]Xn-h-Nnp. ""AXv Xnan sslkvq ]mm-b-
tm FSp--Nn-{X-amWv'' B ka-bv At-l-ns Ip-I-
fn \nv Ip-\o [mc-[m-c-bmbn s]mgn-p.
hopw GI-tZiw H-c-a-Wn-q-tdmfw R kwkm-cn-p-
sIm-n-cp-p. bm{X tNmZn-p--Xn\p Rm Fs ssII \on
_nn\v lkvX-Zm\w \In XpSv lkvX-Zm-\-n-\mbn sPn-
^dns t\scbpw Fs ssII \on. Fm sPn-^ lkvX-
Zm-\-n\v apXn-cmsX Fs Benw-K\w sNbvXv sIn-]p-Wp.
BcmWv BZyw Ic-Xv F-dn-hm ]mSn-. R cp-t]cpw
Ip-\o-cn Ipfn-p. Ah-km\w Rm kwkm-cn-p. ""aIsf \mw
Xpey ZpxJn-X-cm-Wv. \psS Bbpp Xocp-Xp hscbpw \mw
\psS ZpxJw ]p-sh-bvpw. ]s \ncm-i-s-n-cn-msX Cu
A\p-`-h-n IqSnbpw sa-am-b-Xn-tev \apv Kan-mw. \ns
ktlm-Z-cs Hm Fm-ehpw \apv \ne-\n-Ww.'' B Ah-
k-c-n ssZh-tmSv Ghpw kmao]yw F\nv A\p-`-h-sp.
Fs Npa-ense `mcw \o-s-p.''
173
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
Xs ]p{Xn-bpsS LmX-Is\ ImWp-hm Xmev]c - y-an FmWv
_n ]d-bp--Xv. bYm-n Xm Abm-tfmSp anpthm
F-Xn-s\-p-dnpw _nn\v ktlw Dv.
""Rm Abm-tfmSp an-pthm Fv bYm-n F\nv
Adn-hm ]mSn-. Rm H-tlma (Oklahoma) k-I-em-im-e-bn
{]kw-Kn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Spk (Tulsa) F es _njv
AhnsS kn-ln-X-\m-bn-cp-p. Fs Dnse t]mcm---sf-p-
dnv Rm Ah-tcmSp ]d-p. bYmn an-pthm F
Fs kwi-bspdnpw Rm Ah-cp-ambn ]p shp. B
kabw Xo-bmbpw \n Abm-tfmSp an-n-cpp F
_njv B Ah-k-c-n CS-bvp-I-bdn ]d-p. AtXm-sSmw
Xs thZ-]p-kvXI -
- n \nv Nne D-cW- n-Ifpw Atlw Nqn-
m-n. Fs-m hnth-Ihpw Adnhpw D At-ls ]d-
-XmImw icn. Rm Abm-tfmSp -a-Im-nsbv Fs-s
[cn-n-p.
tIm] hnIm-c- Ctmgpw Fs Ae-m-dp-v. Imen-t^m-
Wnbbn (California) sslkvq-fn-\p kao]w IqSn {]kw-K-np
t]mb Hc-hk - c-
- n Pqen ]Tn-n-cp kvIqfns\pdn-p Hm-
I Fs a\-n-tev ISp hp. B kabw Rm tIm]m-th-
i-\mbn amdn. Hcp BUn-tm-dnbw \ndp Ccn-p hnZymn
kaq-l-tmSv h[-in--bvs-Xn-cmbn kwkm-cn-p-hm t]mIp
ka-b-Wv PqeobpsS LmX-I-s\-p-dn-p hnImcw Fs a\-
n Xnfp h-Xv. "Abmsf Pohn-p-hm t]mepw A\p-h-Zn--
cpXv' Rm FtmSp Xs ]d-p.
Xna-nsb h[-in-bvv hn[n-p-Xnt\mSv Xo-bmbpw
F\nv FXnm-Wv. Abm acn-m]n-oSv Abm-tfm-Sp Fs
a A-iq-\y-am-Ipw. Abm Pohn-n-cn-pnStmfw Imew
Fs hnIm-c - fpw Nn-Ifpw Fs ]np-Sc - p-Ibpw sNpw. Fs
Pohn-X-n G-p-d-n-ep-I Dm-Ip-p-sh-nepw a-bpsS
Bh-iy-s-p-dnv F\nv bmsXmcp kwi-bhpw C. ''Closure''
(tIkv Ah-km-\n-n-p--Xn-\p-]-tbm-Kn-p hmv) F hmv
D]-tbm-Kn-p--Xn\v F\nv `b-am-Wv. AXp tIp-Xp Xs
174
a F ZoL-bm{X
F\nv shdp-m-Wv. Pqen-bpsS ih-kw-kvIm-c-tijw BWv Btcm
AXp-ambn _n-nv Closure F ]Zw {]tbm-Kn-Xv. Ap Rm
\c-Im-\p-`-h-n Bbn-cp-p. Hc-n Rm Cpw \c-Im-
\p-`-h-n Xs. Fs\ "kam]vXn' F ]Zw D]-tbm-Kn-
m F\nv km[n-pw? Fs lrZ-b-ns Hcp `mKw \jvS-
s-n-cn-p-p.''
Rm BZyw ImWp-tm apX ]no-Sp Ah-k-c--fnepw
_Uv F\nv Hcp {]tNm-Z-\-am-bn-cp-p. Hmtcm {]mh-iyhpw At-
ls ImWp-tm _Uv Xs hnizm-k-fnepw ey--fnepw
IqSp-X IqSp-X ZrU-am-Ip--Xm-bn-mWv Rm I-Xv. Xs
]p{Xn-bpsS LmX-Is IpSpw-_s kin-p-hm _Uv Xbm-
dm-bXv ]p{Xn-bpsS hntbm-K-n D ZpxJw Bbn-cp-p-sh-n
Ah-fpsS Pohn-X-s-p-dn-p Hm-I Imp kqn-p--
XmWv Ctm-gs Pohn-Xs aptmv \bn-p--Xv. Atlw
B{K-ln-p coXn-bn-ep kuJyhpw ]q-Xbpw e-`y-am-bn-
n Fn IqSn At-l-ns Pohn-X-bm{X {]XymibptS-XmWv.
""CXp Rm ISp t]mtI-p Hcp t]mcm-a - m-Wv. Hcp Znhkw
cmhnse Fgp-tv Av Xo Hmbn asb ImWpI
Am-y-am-Wv. \n-fpsS tIm]w, hntZzjw Ch-tbmSp t]mcmSn
AXns\ AXn-Po-hn-pStmfw kabw B t]mcmw XpSp
sImn-cnpw. t\cs D-Xn-t\-m sa-ambn Hmtcm-Zn-h-
khpw Pohn-p-hm {ian-pI FXp am{X-amWv Ic-Wo-b-am-bp-
-Xv.''
175
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
A[ymbw 15
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
kvt\l-s-p-dn-p kz]v\- s - f-m sshj-ay-ta-dn-bX
- mWv
kvt\l-n-t-Xmb {]hrn-I. kz]v\-nse kvt\lw DS-\-Sn-
bp {]hnp thn Zmln-p-p. Gh-cp-sSbpw Ic-tLm-j-
-fpsS \Sp-hn kzw Poh _en-bn-p-hm Xm-dm-hp-
Xv thZ-\-I-fpsS Ipdhp sImp am{X-am-Wv. Fm {]h-
Im-I- a
- mb kvt\lw ITn\ bXv\a- m-Wv, Xo-Wa
- mb ss[cy-amWv.
FYDOR DOSTOEVSKY
Po t]m kw]pp (Jean Paul Samputu)
dphm (Rawnda) F ]Zw tIp-tm Fs a\-n
1994 se Iq-sm-e-bmWv Hm hcn-I. ASp--Ime temI Ncn-
{X-nse Ghpw hep-Xmb Iq-sm-e-bm-bn-cpp AXv. ]e {Kma-
fpw B \mfp-I-fn ]q-ambn \in-n--s-p. Fm Cv
B ]Zw "dphm' a-bpsS ]cym-b-ambn amdn--gn-p. a\p-jy-
N-cn-{X-nse Ghpw A-Im-c-]-c-amb Aym-b--sfbpw amn-
a-dn-m-sav AXv Imp-p. B hyXn-bm\w Fn hcp-n-bXv
2008- BWv Po t]m kw]pp (Jean Paul Samputu) F
hynsb IXp apX-em-Wv.
Po t]m Ghpw anI Hcp Kmb-I-\mWv. Ghpw Xnc-p-
]nSn ]cn-]m-Sn-I-fmWv At-l-n-\p--Xv. B{^n- h\m--c-
apX \yqtbmnse en skhsc At-l-ns
Km\-am-[pcnbpsS amsmen {ihn-mw. \nc-h[n _lp-aX
- n-Ifpw At-
ls tXSn-sb-p-I-bp-m-bn. Fm At-l-ns kwKoXw
A F kzm[o-\n-n-p--Xv. {]XypX hntZz-j-ns Bm-
hn \npw a-bpsS Bm-hn-te-p ssP{X-bm-{X-bm-Wv
Fs BIjn--Xv.
""BtemNnp t\mpI. ]p ew t] sXmqdp Znhkw
sImv h[n--s-p. kvt\ln-X kvt\ln-X-sc-bpw, ktlm-Z-c-
176
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
m ktlm-Z-c-m-scbpw ktlm-Z-cn-am ktlm-Z-cn-am-scbpw
IpnI amXm-]n-Xm-s - fbpw h[n-p. amXm-]n-Xm- Ipn-Is - fbpw
`m--m `mcy-am-tcbpw h[n-p.
B ka-bv Rm _mdp-n, bp-Kmm Cu e-f - n k-
cn-pI Bbn-cp-p. dphmbn Rm {]i-kvX\ - m-bn-cpXn\m
Rm c-s]-p-sImhm Fs ]nXmhv Fs D]-tZ-in-p.
]s 1994 Pqsse amkw Iq-sm-e-bpsS Ay-n Rm
AhnsS IS-p-sN-p.
Fs amXm-]n-Xm- h[n--sp Fv F\nv Adn-bm-am-
bn-cp-p. Xe-m\ \K-cn-bpsS sXp-hi -
- p R-fpsS {Kmaw
_pmsdbn shmWv Ah sIm-s--Xv. Fs aqv ktlm-Z-
c-m-cpw Fs GI ktlm-Z-cnbpw sIm-s-p. 34 hbp {]mb-
ap-m-bn-cp Fs ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS acWw Zmcp-W-am-bn-cp-p.
R pvkn F tKm{X-nse AwK--fm-bn-cp-p. ]s
Fs ktlm-Z-cnsb hnhmlw sNbvXXv lpp F tKm{X-
nembn-cp-p. Ah kpc-n-X-am-bn-cn-p-sav Rm Icp-Xn.
Fm B [mcW sXmbn `hn-p. Ahsf Ah aqp Znhkw
sImv Cn-mbn h[n-p. ]eXpw ]d-hm F\nv hnj-a-
amWv.
dphmbn Rm Xncn-s-n-b-tm _pmsd F e-
p Fs ]nXm-hns `h-\-n-tev Rm IS-p-sN-p. B
`h\w hnP-\-am-bn-cp-p. Rm Abmsc At\z-jn-p. Ah-
cmcpw Xs Ahn-sS-bp-m-bn-cp-n-. ih-i-co-c- Fm-bn-
Spw NnX-dn-n-S-p. AXns ZpKw Ahn-sS-sbmw han-p.
Cu Iq-smebn \nv c-s Ipd-p-t]sc Rm ImWp-I-
bp-m-bn. Ah-cn \nv Fs ]nXm-hns\ h[n-Xv BcmWv
Fv Rm a\-n-emn. Fs _mey-Ime kplr-m-bn-cp
hnsk v BWv Fs ]nXm-hns\ h[n--Xv. R Hcp-anv
Ifn-p-h-f-h-cm-Wv. Cu Adnhv Fs ]q-ambn Xfn.
1994 se Iq-sm-e-bn Spvkn tKm{X-nse Hmtcm IpSpw-_-
n\pw Ah-cpsS AwK-sf \jvS-am-bn. ]s Fs Ghpw
Da kplrv Fs ]nXm-hns\ h[np FXv F\nv Xmp-
177
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
-Xnepw Ap-d-am-bn-cp-p. Fs a\v ac-hn-p. aZy-]m-\-n\pw
ab-p-a-cp-pIpw Rm ASn-a-bmbn Xop. hmdKn F
t]cn Adn-b-s-Sp Hcp B{^n- aZyw Hcp Ipn Znh-tk\
Rm AI-m-p-am-bn-cp-p. Fp sImv Rm sIm-s-n
Fv Nnnv Rm Fs hn[nsb ]gn-p. Fm ]noSv
Fs XpSp Pohn-X-ns Aw F\nv a\-n-em-bn.
XpSp H]Xp hj-mew Rm acnp Pohn-p. tIm]w,
hntZz-jw, thZ-\, Aajw Ch-sbmw Fs Ae-n-bn-cp-p. Fs
a\-n Hcp t]mcmw Xs \S-p. AsXs hen-p-Io-dn. Fs
aZy- ] m\w \nanw F\nv ]mSp- h m km[n- n- . Fs
tIm{SmIvSv Hmtcm-mbn \jvS-s-p-sIm-n-cp-p. F\nv
tPn Ib-dp-hm km[n-n-.
AXn-\p-tijw Rm bpKmmbn sNp. Ahn-sS-bp Fs
kvt\ln-X Fs klm-bn-p-hm {ian-p. Ah Fs a{-
hm- Z n- I - f psS ASp- t v amdn amdn- s mp t]mbn. ]s
bmsXmcp KpWhpw Dm-bn-. Rm FtmSp Xsbpw ssZh-
tmSpw tIm]m-Ip-e-\m-bn. ""ssZhta \o FhnsS?'' Rm hopw
hopw tNmZn-p. CsXm-sbpw ssZhw Fp-sImv A\p-h-Zn-
pp?
Cu kabw Fs `mcy tmUnb F Ipnsb {]k-hn-p. B
Ipn AwK-ssh-Ieyw kw`-hn--h-fm-bn-cp-p. CXv Fs IqSp-X
Ip]n-X-\m-n. Rm ssZhs Ipw ]d-p. Rm\pw `mcybpw
Atmpw Ctmpw ]gn-Nm-cn.''
1998- kmw]pp (Samputu) Im\Umbntev IpSn-tb-dn-mp.
tam{Sn-tbm ]Ww dphm--bn \np \nc-h[n A`-bm-
Isf kzoI-cn-ncp-p. Ipdp Imew Ignv Ahv asmcp
Ipn P\n-p. Fm 2000 Ah th]n-cn-p. Po t]m
B{^n--bn-tev aS-n.
Rm bpKmbnte-mWv t]mbXv. AhnsS Rm Hcp Adn-
b-s Kmb-I\ - m-bn-cp-p. Hcp henb kwKoX Itcn Rm AhnsS
kwL-Sn-n-p. F\nv hopw ]Ww [mcm-f-ambn. ]s Fs
aZym-k-n-bpw, ab-p-a-cpp D]-tbm-Khpw Fs hopw hopw
178
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
Pbn-eg - n-Ip-n-em-n. Ahn-sS-bp Fm Pbn-ep-Ifpw F\nv
kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-bn.
Ah-km\w Fs Hcp ktlm-Z-c hf-sc-b-[nIw ]Ww \In
Fs Pbn ap-\mn. Atlw Xma-kn-n-cp-Xv sI\n-
bmbn Bbn-cp--Xn-\m At-l-tm-sSmw Rm AhnsS
Xma-k-amn. B ktlm-Z-cs `mcy-bpsS Hcp IpSpw-_- kvt\-
lnX Rsf kin-p-hm AhnsS IS-p-h-p. Hcp kphn-
ti-j-I-\m-bn-cp At-l-ns \ma-t[bw tamkkv Fm-bn-
cp-p. Fs ImWp--Xn\v ssZhw shfns-Spn Fpw AXp-
sImp am{X-amWv Xm AhnsS hXv Fpw Atlw FtmSp
]d-p.
Atlw ]d--Xn-sempw Xs F\nv Xmev]cyw tXmn-
bn Fnepw Atlw ]d-Xv {inp. At-l-ns {]m-
\-bn ]p-tNp. bYm-n Fn\pw Rm Xbm-dm-bn-
cp-p. {]m-\-b-msX ap-am--sfmpw Xs Fs apn
Ah-ti-jn-n-cp-n-.
tamkkns {]m\ hfsc in-tb-dn-b-Xm-bn-cp-p. Fn
Dsm-n-cp kmm-t\mSv Cd-n-tm-Ip-hm X\w
sNbvXv Bh-iy-s--Xn IqSn aZym-k-n-bn \npw ab-p-a-cp-
p-I-fpsS ]nSn-bn \npw c-s-Sp--Xn\v Fs klm-bnp.
""tbip-hns \ma-n Rm Bm-]n-pp kmmt\ \o
Ah-\n \npw Cdn hcnI''. tbip-hns \maw Dcn-p-tm-
sgms GtXm in Fs Dn A\p-`-h-s-p. ]e-tmgpw
Rm adn-p-ho-Wp. Nne kabw Rm On-p. ]d--dn-bn-
m ]mSn- m hn[- n- e p A\p- ` - h - - f mWv F\nv
DmbXv. Cu a\p-jys {]m\ AXn-i - a-
- mbncpp Fp
am{Xta F\nbvv ]d-hm-\p-q.
""\n-fmWv Rm I-Xn shv Ghpw henb a{-hmZn''
Fv Rm Abm-tfmSp ]d-p. Atlw Nncnp sImp adp-
]Sn ]d-p. ""Rm a{-hmZn A''. Rm Abmv \n tcJ-
s-Sp-n-b-Xn\p adp-]-Sn-bmbn Atlw ]d-p, ""Xm F\nv
\n]-d-tb Bh-iy-an-. Rm\ tbip-hmWv \nsf kuJy-
179
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
am-n-b-Xv.'' CXns\ XpSv tbip-hn-s\-p-dnv IqSp-X-embn Adn-
b-W-sa B{Klw F\n-p-m-bn. aqp amk-n\p tijw aZy-
]m-\-n \npw ab-p-a-cp-p-I-fpsS D]-tbm-K-n \npw
F\nv ]q hnSp-X e`n-p.
2003- Rm bpKmbntev aS-n. Rm am\-m--c-sv
Hcp {InkvXym\n Bbn. CXv Hcp henb ]{X-hm-bmbn amdn.
Rm Pbn-en AS-bvs - -Xv henb hm-bm-bn-cp-p. kw]pp
am\-m--c-s-p. kw]pp {]m-\-bn hniz-kn-pp CXymZn
Xe-s-p-I-tfmSp IqSn ]{X-hm-I {]Xy--s-p. AXns\
XpSv bpKmbnse {]m-\-bpsS {]kn--amb Sseguku F
{]m\m ]-n-tev t]mbn. ssZh-k-n-[n-bn Ccn-p--
Xn\p thn Ghcpw t]mIp e-am-W-Xv. tbip-hns\ Is-
p--Xn-\mbn Rm aqp amkmew AhnsS Nne-h-gn-p.
s-Kpp (Sseguku) ae-ap-I-fn At\-I-a-Wn-q-dp-I {]m-
\bvpw [ym\-n\pambn Nne-h-gn-p. Fs tNmZy--sfmw
Xs Rm ssZh-k - n-[n-bn kan-p. Fm-bvtmgpw F\nv
D-chpw e`n-p. kz]v\--fn IqSnbpw Am-sXbpw i_vZ-cq-]-
n Hcp hmv Fs I--fn Bhnp ]Xn-p. Cu hn-fn-p. AXn-\p-tijw hnkn\p thn-bp Xnc-n \Sn.
A\p-`hw Hmtcm cm{Xn-I-fnepw Bhn-p. Fm F\nv e-
`n ktiw Fm-bvt]mgpw Hp Xs Bbn-cp-p. "an-pI'.
B ae-ap-I-fn-ep Hcp tZhm-e-b-n Rm ]Xn-hmbn t]mbn-
cp-p. Ahn-sSbpw Cu ktiw {]kw-K-cq-t]W ]e-X-hW Rm
{ihn-p. AXn \npw c-s]-tS-W-sav Rm B{K-ln-p-sh-
nepw AXv Fs ]np-Sp. Dd--nepw B kt-i-ns
[z\n-I Fs ImXp-I-fn apg-n. ""an-pI, Fn am{Xta
\n\v kuJyw e`y-am-Iq''. ]s Hcp hj-tmfw Rm B
nXn-bn Xs Ignp IqSn.
Ctm Rm Hcp {InkvXym\n BWv. aZy-]m-\-n \npw
ab-p-a-cp-p-I-fpsS D]-tbm-K-n \npw F\nv hnSp-X e`y-
am-bn. ]s F\nv ]q kuJyw e`y-am-bn-cp-n-. Fs
Dn Ibv]v \nd-n-cp-p. Fm {]iv\w IqSp-X ko-
am-Wv. t]cn\v Hcp {InkvXym\n Bb-Xp-sImtm ss__n apgp-
180
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
h ]Tn-Xp sImtm am{Xw Hcm {InkvXym\n BIp-n-.
AXv ]-Xn-bpsS ]IpXn am{X-amWv. kXy-n hniz-kn-p-I-
am{Xw t]mc AXn-\-\p-k-cnv Pohn-p-Ibpw thWw.
F\nv thn-bXv Hp-am-{X-am-Wv. Fs ]m]-sf Gp-]-
dv ap--h-tcm-Sp Fs IS-sf Xop-I. ap--hsc thZ-
\n-n--Xn\v Ah-tcmSp a bmNn-p-I. hnknt\mSp Rm
an-t-n-bn-cn-p-p. AXp-t]mse Fs `mcy-tbmSpw Rm
an-t-n-bn-cn-p-p.
AXv Ghpw henb Hcp t]mcmw Xs Bbn-cp-p. At\I
amk- \op-\n Hcp t]mcm-w. Fs a\v adp-Xe - nv thm,
th Fp Rm Bhn-p. ]s B t]mcmw AXyp-{K-
amb \ne-bn-em-bn. Ah-km\w F\nv ASn-bd ]d-tbn hp.
F\nv hnknt\mSv an-Ww Fv Rm FtmSp Xs
]d-p. AtXmSp IqSn F\nv kuJyw e`y-am-bn. ]g-b-Xn
\nsmw F\nv ]q hnSp-X e`n-p. Fs lrZ-b-n
kam-[m\w \ndp Ihn-p. B Znhy i_vZs A\p-k-cn--
Xp-sIm-mWv F\nv CsXmw e`y-am-b-Xv. Rm Fs `mcysb
B kabw Abm Pbn-e-gn-Ip-n AS-bv-s-n-cp-p.
]s Abm-fpsS `mcy sdPo\sb Rm Is-n. hnknt\mSv
Rm ]q-ambn an-n-cn-pp FXv Adn-bn-Ww Fv
Bh-iy-s-p.''
Xs ]gb kvt\ln-X-t\mSp an-p-hm t{]cn-n {][m\
LSIw FmWv Fv Rm Po t]mfnt\mSp tNmZn-p. Xm
Hcp Ipe-]m-XIn Bbn-o-cptam F `b-amWv {][m-\a - mbpw an-
p--Xn\p thn Xs t{]cn-n-Xv Fm-bn-cpp AXn\v
F\nv e`y-amb D-cw.
hnkns\ t\cs Ip-ap-m-Xv Hcp `mKy-ambn Rm
Icp-Xp-p. Rm Hc-h--c-nepw Bscbpw D]-{Z-hn-n-n-. ]s
hnkns\ h[n--W-sa B{Klw F\nv Dm-bn. {]Xn-Im-
tc-O-bmWv Fs Dn Pzen--Xv. F\nv X\nsb AXv km[n-
n Fn am-sc-sb-nepw Iqen-bvs-Sp-p-hm Rm Xm-
181
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
dm-Ip-am-bn-cp-p. hntZz-j-n-sbpw sshcm-Ky-n-sbpw A\--
c-^-e-am-Wn-Xv. Fn-s\-bmWv Ipe-sN-t-Xv Fv Adnp
IqSm Fnepw Hcp Ipe-bmfn Bbn amdp Ah-.
Ah-km\w Rm hnknt\mSv an-p-sh-nepw AXv hniz-
kn-p-hm Ah\v sshjayw t\cn-p. Ah Xs `mcy-tbmSp
]d-p. "{]tXy-Inpw Rm Ah-t\mSv C{X {Iqc-ambn hn--
Xn\p tijw Ah\v Fns\ FtmSv an-p-hm km[npw?'
CXv Hcp cmjv{Sob kq{X-amtbm sIWn-bmtbm BWv Ah Icp-
Xn-b-Xv. ]s Ahs `mcy Ah-t\mSv C{]-Imcw ]d-p.
"Rm kw]pphnt\mSp kwkm-cn-p. \n Ahs a
kzoI-cn-p-n Fn AXv \n-fpsS am{Xw {]iv\a
Hcp kwKXn Rm Nqn-mn sIm-s. bYm-n Ah-
\ \n-tfmSp an-p-Xv. ssZhw BWv \n-tfmSp an-p-
-Xv. ssZh-ns Ir-].'
Ah-km\w hnk v Fs hniz-kn-p. AXns A\--c-
^ew at\m-l-c-ambn `hn-p. Ahs `mcy Ahs\ `h-\-n
Ib- p- I - b n- m- b n- c p- p. A\p- X - ] n- m Hcp Ipe- b m- f n- b psS
IqsSbp PohnXw Ahv ZpjvIc - a
- mbn A\p-`h
hnk v Fs a kzoI-cnp Ign-t- m Ah kzbw A\p-
X-]nv kzbw an-p. AXn-\vtijw sdPo\bpw Ah-t\mSp
anp. Ah ]d-p. kw]phn IqsS ssZh-n\v \n-
tfmSp an-p-hm km[n-p-sa-n F\nv \n-tfmSp an-
p-hm km[n--Ww. AXns\ XpSv Ah-cpsS Ipn-Ifpw Abm-
tfmSp a Imn. hnk v Ctm `h-\-n BWv hkn-p-
Xv. IpSpw_w Hcp-anv Pohn-p-p. AhnsS t]mIp-tm Rm
Ah-cp-samv `Ww Ign-p-p. a-bpsS Bmhv {]hn-
p-Xv Cu coXn-bn-em-Wv.
Po t]mfns am\-km-cw Abm-fpsS IpSpw-_-sbpw
kwtbm-Pn-n-p. 2005 Abm Xs `mcybpw Ipp-fpw
hkn-p Im\Umbn Hcp-anp tNp.
AXn-\p-tijw \nc-h[n Ap-X- Fs Pohn-X-n Dm-
bn-p-v. R-fpsS AwK-ssh-I-ey-ap Ipnsb ]cn-N-cn-p--h-
182
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
cn IqSn R-fpsS Ipn-ap-S-n-b Hcp ssZh ZqX-\mWv Fv
Rv shfn-s-Sp-n. Ah ]d-p ""tmUnbmsb ssZhw
BWv krjvSn--Xv. ssZh-Zr-jvSn-bn Ahv bmsXmcp Ipg-hpw
C. AXp-t]mse Hcp Ipn-bp-Xv \-X Fv Hcp ]s
\nv tXmn-tb-mw. \nv AXns\ ImWp-Xv A-
l-\o-b-am-Imw. ]s \n Ahsfsmn A`n-am-\n-t--
XmWv.''
ASp XhW tmUnbmsb kin-p-hm t]mb-tm
(A-h Hcp `h-\ - nse At-hm-kn-bmWv) Rm Ic-p. Fn-
\mWv Rm Ic-bp-Xv Fv Fs ]p{X FtmSp tNmZn-p.
- m-Wv. ]s AXn-\p-tijw R Hcp-anp {]mn-p. ""ssZhw Cu ss]X-
ens\ Rv Xp'' Fp am{X-amWv F\nv ]dbp-hm
km[n--Xv.
tmUnbmbpsS ]cn-Nm-cn-I-bn IqSn-bmWv Ah bYm-
n Hcp A\p-{K-l-am-sW hkvXpX R a\-n-em-n-
bXv. Ah-fpsS nXnsbsmn At\ym\yw ]gn-]-d-bp--Xn\p
]Icw Ahsf Znhy k-mbn R Icp-Xp-p. aZy-]m-\hpw
- s
- -p. Fm ab-p-a-cp-p-Ifpw sImv X-m \in-n-p-hm {ian-p-sh-
nepw Rm acn-msX Pohn-n-cn-p--Xns ImcWw Ctm
am{X-amWv a\-n-em-Ip--Xv. Hcp ]nXm-hm-bn-cn-m thn ssZhw
Fs cnp.
dphm-m-bnse \nc-ns {Kmaw
(Rwandas Reconsiliation Village)
a FXv hyn-]-c-amb HmWv Fv Po t]mfns Pohn-
X-n \npw Cu ]pkvX-I-n hnh-cn-n-cn-p ap ]e-cp-
sSbpw Pohn-X- n \npw a\-n-em-p-hm km[n-p-p. \psS
Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-n \tmSp Xsbpw ap--h-
tcm-Sp-ap a hfsc {]m[m\yw Aln-p-p. Fm asmcp
Xe-nepw abvv hfsc {]k-n-bpv. {][m-\-ambpw a
FXv hyn-Isf Xn _n-n-pp Fnepw AXns
^ew Zqc-hym-]-I-am-Wv. AXns Hmf- kao-]-tpw hym]n-
pp Fp am{X-a kaq-l-n\v BI-am\w hyXymkw hcp-
183
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
p Hcp LS-Ihpw Bbn AXv amdp-p.
Ncn-{X-]-c-ambn hon-p-tm amn eqY InwKns \b-
fpw Cy-bn alm-m-Km-n-bpsS kzmX-{y-k-acw Ch-sbm-
sbpw CXns {][m\ DZm-l-c-W--fmWv Fnepw AXp-t]m-
se-bp ]eXpw Fhn-sSbpw Zin-m-hp--Xm-Wv. 1990Ifn
kuv B{^n--bn Dm-bn-cp Truth and Reconciliation Commis-
sion s B`n-ap-Jy-n h hnth-N-\-nsXmb ]m--e-
n \S kw`hfpsS sXfn-sh-Sp-p-Isfpdn-p hnh-c-
Fgp-Xn-bm Xocm--h-bm-Wv. kaq-l-ns ]cn-h-\-
n-\p-X-Ip {]m-\--fmWv Ch-sb-mw.
1999 epw ]noSv 2000 nepw Rm\pw Fs `mcybpw hSt
Aben \S kam-[m\ bm{X-I-fn ]s-Sp-p. B ka-b-
-fn- apXn-hcpw Ipn-Ifpw Bb \nc-h[n t] Itm-en-
cpw t{]m- v hn`m-K-fpw Xn-ep kam-[m-\-n\v AXn-
hy-{K-X-tbmsS ]n-n-cp-Xv ktm-j-I-c-amb Hcp A\p-`-h-am-bn-
cp-p.
]p-hj-n-\p-tijw AXv dphmmbn kw`-hn-p. Inn-
bvv sXp-h-i-ap Hcp sNdnb ]-W-amWv \ymaXm (Nyamata)
1994 se Iq-sm-e-bpsS ka-bv pnkn tKm{X-m-c-\m-bn-cp
apm-am\m (Mukamana) F bph-Xnbpw lpp tKm{X-m-c-\m-bn-
cp Akncn (Aziri) F Irjn-m-c\pw hyXy tNcn-I-fn-em-
bn-cpp.
Hcp Znhkw shw tImcp-hm InW-dnsbSpp t]mb-Xn-
\p-tijw aS-n-h--tm Xs IpSpw-_mw-K--sf-sbmw shn-
sIm-e-s-Sp-n-bn-p--Xm-bmWv Ah I-Xv. Ah hb-en
Hfn-n-cp--Xn-\p-tijw _dpnbntev (Burundi) HmSn c-s-p.
B \c-l-Xy-bn ]n-m-bn-cp-p-sh-nepw B {]tZis ap
]e-scbpw sImes-Sp-n-b-Xmbn Akncn F Irjn-m-c
shfn-s-Sp-n.
Cv Ah cp-t]cpw Abm-cmWv Fp am{X-a Htc
tZhm-e-b-n Bcm-[-\bvp t]mIp-Ibpw sNp-p. ""R
At\ym\yw klm-bn-pp'' Fv Akncns sFIy-cmjv{S k`-
184
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
bnse hmm teJ-I-tcmSv ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. ""Hcm-fpsS IpSpw-
_-n Bs-nepw AkpJw hcp-tm R At\ym\yw
klm-bn-pw. R-fpsS Ipn-I kvt\ln-X-cm-Wv.''
ap \mev]Xp IpSpw-_--tfm-sSmw \ymaXm F ev
apm-a\bpsSbpw AkncnbpsSbpw IpSpw-_- Iq-sm-e-bn
\nv c-shcpsS ]p\-c-[n-hm-k-n-\p Hcp kaq-l-ns
AwK- - f mbn ku`mKy ]qw Ign- b p- p. C- a n- U n- K p- t Um
(Imidugudo) AYh A\p-c-RvP\ {Kmaw F-dn-b-s-Sp Cu ]p\-
c-[n-hmk tI{w oh KmlnKn (Steven Guhigi) F Bwn-
]-m-c-\m m]n-X-am-b-Xm-Wv. Ct-l-ns amXm-]n-Xm-fpw
ktlm-Z-c-fpw 1994 se Iq-sm-e-bn IpcpXn Ign--s--h-
cmWv.
an-p-hm-\p Xs Ign-hp-I ]q-ambpw \jvS-sp
FmWv KmlnKn [cn-n-cp-X - v. Fm Rm ncw {]mnp
sImn-cp-p. Fm Hcp Znhkw cm{Xn Ipcn-in InS-p
tbip {InkvXp-hns cq]w Fs a\-n hcp-Ibpw tbip-{InkvXp
F{]-Imcw Xs i{Xp--tfmSp anp F-Xn-t\-p-dnpw tbip-
hn\v CXv km[n-p-p-sh-n AXv Ahs A\p-bm-bn-Ifmb-
hpw _m[-I-am-Wtm Fv Nnn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu Zi-
\-ns A\--c-^-e-ambn Km-ln-Kn a-sb-p-dnv {]kw-Kn-p-
hm XpS-n. \ymaXmbn am{X-a lpp tKm{X-nse Pbn-
en hnNm-c-Wbvv Imp-In-S-p--h-cpsS CS-bnepw Atlw
{]kw-Kn-p. (2003 mw Bv Pbn \ndp Ihn-n-cp-Xp
sImv Khsa v ]e-scbpw Xpd-p-hn-Sp-I-bp-m-bn.)
an-p-hm ]Tn-pI FXv A{X Ffp--ap--X FmWv
{Kma-hm-kn-I ]d-bp-X
- v. ""F\nv Hcn-epw an-p-hm kmy-
a'' Fv Rm hfsc Imew Nnn-n-cp-p. Fm ]g-b-Xns\
kXy-k--ambn t\cn-Sp-hm km[n-p-p-sh-n ]gb apdn-hp-
I DWn Ap-X-I-c--fmbn ]eXpw {]Xym-in-mw. Can-Un-
KpUnbn (Imidugudi) CXmWv Dm-b-Xv. 1994 se Iq-p-cp-Xn-sb-
p-dnpw AXn Hmtcm-cp--cp-sSbpw ]n-s\-p-dnpw X-fpsS
km-\--tfmSp ]d-bp-hm aSn-m--Xns tNtXm-hn-Imcw Cu
185
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
an-p-hm-\p k-\-n \nv Df-hm-Ip--Xm-Wv. ""Iq-p-cp-
Xn-bn ]m-fn-I-fmbhpw AXn \nv c-s--hpw B
A\p-`hw hne-tb-dnb ]mT--fmWv \In-bn-p--Xv. ""FmWv
AXn ]m-fn-bmb tkhy \tabv (Xavier Namay) Cs\ Ah-
Im-i-s-Sp-Xv.'' ""Rm Fp sNbvXp Fv Fs a a\-n-
em-Ww. B hn[-n- am{Xta Cu \mSp-\ - m-phm km[np-
I-bp-q.''
CXp-t]m-se-bp kw`-h - temI-ns ]e-`m-Kpw Ip-
h-cp-p. C{km-tb, CtUm-t\-jy, _mKvZm-Zv, _m {]tZ-
i- Chn-sS-sbmw. {InkvXob kam-[m\ tk\-I, (Christia
Peace Maker Teams American Friends Service Committee) apXemb kwL-
S-\-I A\p-c-RvP-\-n\pw kaq-l- Xn-ep cRvPn-n\pw
thn {ian-p-p. ]e-bn-Spw Ah-cpsS hnPbw hfsc ]cn-an-
X-am-Wv. Nne-bnSv ]cm-P-b-fpw A\p-`-h-s-Sp-p. DZmlcW-
ambn dphmbn s^{_p-hcn 2004 kam-[m-\-n\p thn-
bp Hcp kt-f-\-n Rm ]s-Sp-p-Ibpmbn. ]pXnb
Hcp kaqlw sIn Dbp--Xn\v X-fpsS tNmcbpw \ocpw
\Ip At\-Isc AhnsS ImWp-hm F\nbvv km[n-p.
Fm A\p-c-RvP\w FXv Hcp Znhm-kz]v\w BWv Fv
Nnn-p-h AXn-t\-m hfsc IqSp-X-emWv F-XmWv \
kXyw. Ah-cn ]ecpw {]Xy-a - mbnp Xsbpw Iq-p-cp-Xnbvv
If-sam-cp-nb ]e-]-gb XXz kwln-X-I-fnepw hniz-kn-p--hcpw
BWv. Cu Xc-n-ep bmYmy-f - psS ]m-e -
t]mfpw AXp-t]m-se-bp--hcpw Pohn-p-p.
""A{I-a--fpsS N{Iw Ah-km-\n-p-n-. Hmtcm kw`-hhpw
asm-n-tev \bn-p-I-bmWv sNp--Xv. Hmtcm hynpw
{Kqn\pw Ah-cpsS i{Xp- Dv. ]e-tmgpw B i{Xp-
A{]-Xy--ambn Ign-n-cn-pw. \mw Ghcpw t\cn-Sp tIm]w,
hntZz-jw FnhbmWv bYm-n-ep i{Xp-. cm{Xn-bn
Dd--nepw \mw Ahsb sImp \S-pw. ap--hsc \apv
Bh-iy-an-. \mw \s-s \in-n-p-I-bm-Wv.
186
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
tIm]w, `bw, Ahn-izm-kw, {]Xn-Imcw, kwibw BZn-bmb
hnIm-c-v ASn-a-s-mWv ]ecpw Pohn-p--Xv. FXnpw
Ibv]pw hntZz-jhpw Cpw \ne-\np-p. 1994-se Iq-p-cp-Xn-
bn-tev \bn XXz-im-kv{X--sfm-sbpw Cpw Zin-m-hp-
-XmWv. Ah-bn Nne-sXms hnZym-e-b--fn ]Tn-n-p-Ibpw
sNpp. \nc-h[n hjw Pbn-ep-I-fn Ign--h aSn `h-\-
n-tev hcp-p. Ah-cn Nne Hcp ]s \n-fpsS ASp
Hcp Nm-m-c-s\, ktlm-Z-c, ktlm-Z-cn, A, A C-
s\-sbm-cm-sf-sb-nepw h[n-n-p-v Fn Ah-tcmSv F{]-Imcw
hn-p-hm km[n-pw. Ah-cp-ambn _-s-SpI FXv
kvt\l-an-msX XnIpw Am-[y-am-Wv. ]gb hntZz-j--fn
\npw _-\--fn \npw \s hnSp-hn-p-hm km[n-p-
Xv kvt\l-m am{X-am-Wv. bYm-n kuJyw \Ip-
Xv kvt\l-am-Wv.
dphmmbn am{X-a temI-sa-mSpw CXp-t]m-se-bp apdn-
hp-I \ne-\np-p. \n`m-Ky-h-im CXn \npw hnSp-X
e`y-a F coXn-bn ]ecpw hn-p-p. A\njvS kw`-h-
Zn\w-{]Xn Df-hm-Ip-p. temI-ns KXn AXmWv F
coXn-bn AXns\ AwKo-I-cn-p-p. Fm AXns ]cn-lm-c-
amb a-sb-p-dnv Bcpw Hpw Xs ]d-bp-n-. a-bp-tS-
Xmb Hcp kwkvIm-c-n\v am{Xta \ncm-i-bn \npw `oI-c-{]-
h-\ - f- n \npw a\p-jy\v hnSp-X \In {]Xym-ib - p-sSbpw
- n Po kvt\l-nsbpw am-n IqSn \bn-p-hm km[y-am-Iq.
Fm CXv Hcp cm{Xn-sImv kw`-hn-p--X-. a FXv
hyn-]-c-amb Xnc-s-Sp-m-Wv Bm-hns Dn-te-p
At\z- j - W - a m- W v . CXn\v B ]cn- t im- [ \ Bh- i y- a m- W v .
abvp thn {]hn-t--Xns Bh-iy-I-Xsb ap--
hsc t_m[y-am-t--Xm-Wv. asbpdn-p lrZ-b-kv]i-I-
amb IY-I Ah {ihn-t--Xm-Wv. a-sb-p-dn-p Zi-\-
Iv {]Xymi Ahv e`y-am-tI--Xm-Wv.
Adp-]-Xp-I-fn Rm {ihn Hcp Km\-ns {][m\ Bibw
Cu Zi-\-am-Wv. B Km\-ns hcn-I C{]-Imcw BWv cNn-
-s-n-cn-p--Xv.
187
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam? Hmf- Df-hm-pI
""Hcp a\p-jys ssIIsImv Pbn-e-gn-I Xpd-p-hm kvIqfnse (Amish School) Iq-sm-eb
- n bmYmy-ambnop.
kmy-a/ Banjv kvqfnse Iq-sme
cp a\p-jy-cpsS ssIIsImv Hcp Pbn s]mfn-p-hm (Amish School Massacre)
kmy-a/ 2006 mw Bv HIvtSm-_ amkw cmw XobXn Nmkv
]s CXp cpw cp-ambn Hcp ew Bbn-om/ tdm_vkv Fv t]cp Hcp ss{Uh (]m sImp-t]m-Ip
A-s\-bp Hcp Znh-k-n-\p-thn \apv {]Xo-nmw''. hml- \ w) s]knth\nbbnep Aaojv k- S - ns
Cu {]-Xym-i-bmWv sImskshmbnse {Kma--fn Iq-p-cpXn kvIqfn (Hcp apdn am{Xw D kvIq) Ibn. Ahn-Sps B
\S-n-b-hcpw AXn \nv c-s--hcpw Hcp-anv kaql Irjn- Ipn-Ifpw Aym-]-I\pw ]pd-p-t]m-Ip-hm Bh-iy-s-p. AXn-
tm---fn ]Wn-sb-Sp-p--Xns t{]c-Im-i-n. Cu {]Xym- \p-tijw B apdn--I-p s]Ip-n-Isf sIn-bnv Xm B
i-bmWv 1998-1999 CtUm-t\-jy-bnse amepI Zo] kaq-l-- {]hn-mbn sImp h \m\qdv duv IXn\I-fp-ambn
fn X-fpsS `h-\- Xoshp \in-n-p-Ibpw A-s]-- Ahsc shSn-shv sImp-hm Hcp-s-p.
msc D]-{Z-hn-p-Ibpw sNbvX-h-tcmSp {InkvXy kap-Zm-b-n B Iq-n Ghpw apXn s]Ip-nv ]Xn-aqp hbp
s]-h Imnb a. {]mb-ap-m-bn-cp-p. Xs h[n--Xn-\p-tijw _mn-bp--hsc
Cu {]Xymi Xs-bmWv ap ]e {]m-\--fp-sSbpw {]tNm- D]-{Z-hn-msX shdpsX hnS-W-sav Ah tdmt_Svknt\mSv
Z-\w. 2008- bn{km-tb-ense blq-Z-m-scbpw Ad-_n-I-fmb apnw bmNn-p. Fm AXv hI-sh-bvmsX Ah Ahsc Hmtcm-cp-
aX--scbpw Hcp-anv tNp Hcp \mSI {Sqv ]nvkv_Kv F -cmbn shSn-sh-p-sIm-n-cp-p. AXn Ap t] sIm-s-
ev kwL-Sn-n-p-I-bp-m-bn. At\ym\yw ap--h-cpsS Sp-Ibpw ap--hv apdnhv Gp-Ibpw sNbvXp. t]meokv hv
m\v F{]-Imcw hnpw F coXn-bn-ep Hcp A`n- B sIn-S - n\pntev {]th-in-p-hm XpS-p-X
- n-\p-ap-mbn
\b ]T\w AXn IqSn \S--s-p. Bi-b- Ah ]Ip. Abm X-m shSn-shv acn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
B Bi-b- ]Tn-p-Ibpw kam-[m-\-n\v thn Pohn-X-n tdmt_mv k ns bYm Dtiw Fm- b n- c pp Fv
]I-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Bpw Adn-hm ]mSn-m-bn-cpp Fnepw Xs ss]X-ens\
AXns Ub-d-IvS Bbn-cp tdmWn Hmkv^oUv ]d-bpp hj- p apv ssZhw FSp- - X n\p ssZh- t m- S p
""hf-sc-b-[nIw `bw, sXn-m-c-W-I, apdn-hp-I Ch-\n-e-\np- sshcmKyw Xop--Xn-\m-bnp Ahsc sImpp FmWv
p. CXv XnIpw thZ-\m-P-\-I-am-Wv. Fm FXn-cm-fn-I-fp-ambn tdmt_vkvB s]Ip-n-I-tfmSv ]d--Xv.
Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b-n-\p hmXn-ep-I Xpd-n-Sp-I-bm-sW-n AXv Ipdp aWn-q-dp-Ipn Cu hm temI-sapw {]N-
Ah-cpsS lrZ-bs kv]in-p-Ibpw AhnsS \nv kam-[m-\- cn-p. sshIp-t-c-am-b-tm-tgpw \n ssakv F-dn-b-s-
ns Bmhv ]pd-s-Sp-Ibpw sNpw Fv \apv {]Xo- Sp B {Kma-n-tev n.-hn. Nm\ {]h-I Fn. B
nmw. sIme-bm-fn-sbbpw sIm-s s]Ip-n-I-sfbpw kwkv-cn--
Fp-sImv Bbn-qSm? am-dv aoUv (Margaret Mead) F Xn\p tijw am{X-amWv Ah AhnsS \np t]mb-Xv.
\c-hwi imkv{X ]d-bp-p. ""Hcp sNdnb {Kqn\v Ahv hfsc {Iqc-amb Cu Aym-b-n\v Hcp ad F-Xp-t]mse
Bm-Xbpw AW t_m[hpw Ds-n temIs amn a-bp-tS-Xmb asmcp Aymbw IqSn-bp-v. X-fpsS {]nb
adn-mw.'' amK-d-ns hmp-I Ipsd hj-v apv Banjv asf h[n B \njvTq-c-t\mSv an-p-hm-\mbn Ahn-sS-bp
188 189
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
amXm-]n-Xm-v Ign-Xv Hcp Bob kaq-l-ns t{]c-
W-bm-emWv. B kaqlnse AwK- sIm-s Ipn-I-fpsS
amXm-]n-Xm--sfbpw sIme]m-X-In-bpsS `mcy-sbbpw kinv
X-fpsS A\p-tim-N-\- Adn-bnv Ahsc kam-[m-\n-n-p-
hm {ian-p. AXv kwkm-c-n HXpn-\nmsX AXnepw
D]-cn-bmbn Ahp-thn ]e klm-b-fpw \Ip-Ibpw
sNbvXp. sIme-]m-X-In-bpsS `mcybvpw apw thn Hcp
^v cq]o-I-cn-p-Ibpw Ahp thn `Ww tiJ-cn-p-
Ibpw sNbvXp. sIme-]m-XIw \S Znhkw Xs Cu coXn-bn-
ep kao-]\w Zriy-am-bn. ac-W-s Ipn-I-fpsS ZpJm-cmb
IpSpw-_mw-K- ]ecpw Ipe-]m-X-In-bpsS AS--nepw ]p-
sImp FXv Ghpw {iml-am-Wv.
Banjv kaq-ls ]pd-p--h hne-a-Xn-n-cp-p-sh-nepw
Ah-cpsS Cu {]Xn-I-c-Ws a\-n-em-p-hm ]epw km[n-
n-. Hcp n.-hn. dntm C{]-Imcw ]d-p. ""Fm aX-fpw Ah-cpsS s]mXp-{]-Jym-]-\-ns BZy-hm-p-I.
-an-p-hm ]Tn-n-p-p. ]s Ban-jp-I an-p--Xp-
t]mse thsd Bcpw AXv sNp-n- FXmWv hyXym-kw.
]q-ambn an-pI FXv Banjv kaqlmwK-v Ffp-
-am-bn-cp-n-. B kaq-l-n-ep ]e-scbpw {]tXy-Inv Ipp-
\jvS-s amXm-]n-Xm--sfbpw F\n--dn-bmw. Ah am-tc-
mfpw hnip--c-. an-pI FXv Hcp ss\a-jnI Xo-cp-am-\-
a. ssZ\-Zn\ Pohn-X-nse t]mcm--fpw AXn IqsS-bp
{]Xn-jvTbp-am-Wv. Av shSn-tb Hcp Ipn amk- ac-Wt- mSp
a-Snp At_m-[m-h--bn Pohn-p. ap Nne-cpsS Xe-tm-dn\v
apdn-thv Bbpp apgp-h ap--h-cpsS ]cn-N-c-W-n Ign-tb-
p Ah--bn-em-bn. Ipn-Isf kvIqfn hnSp-hm-\p `bw
\nanw ap Nne amXm-]n-Xm- X-fpsS Ipp-sf kzw
`h-\-n Xs ]Tn-n-p. Cu kw`-hhpw Bbn _-s
Ghcpw X-fpsS Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h ]e-X-c-n-ep `b--
fp-ambn Ign-tbn ht-mw.
]s, Pohn-X-n Fm-ehpw \op \nt-m-hp ]I,
hntZz-jw, tIm]w, {]Xn-Im-cw CXymZn \ntj-[m--I--fmbXpw
190
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
kzbw \io-I-c-W-i-n-bp--Xp-amb hnIm-c-sf Cm-sX-bm-p-
hm Banjv kaq-l-n\v km[np FXv {]k--am-Wv. tbip-
{In-kvXp-hns A\p-bm-bn-I-fmb Ah-cpsS GI Dcw Ipcn-in
InS-p Im-hns hmp-I-fm-Wv. ""]nXmsh Ch sNp-
Xv Fv Fv Adn-bm-bvI-bm Ch-tcmSv an-t-Wta''.
tbip-{In-kvXp-hns Cu kao-]\w Hpw Xs P\-{]o-Xn-bp--
Xmbn Icp-Xp-hm kmy-a-. {]tXy-Inpw Cu Ime-b-f-hnse
k`-bn CXp ImWpI Amyw Xs. BNn-m-K-Xnsb hnc-
f-amb Ah--c--fn {]Im-in-n-p-tm AXns {]mhn-
I-Xsbpdnv Bi-bpw {]I-Sn-n-pw. 2005- sk_n-b
HmtUmIvkv k` (Serbian Orthodox Church) Miloseviec's `c-W-Iq-S-
n\v ]npW {]Jym-]n--tm \nco--I Ap-X-s-p-t]m-
bn. ""R Bt_-\nbmbnse kl-]u-c-m-tcmSp At\ym\yw
D abpw A\p-c-RvP-\hpw Bh-iy-s-Sp-p.'' Fm-bn-cpp
CXp Hcp cmjv{Sob Icp-\o--ambn hymJym-\n--sp Fnepw
ap ]ecpw At\ym\yw kw`m-j-W-n\pw Da _-pw
Hcp XpS--ambn CXns\ ImWp-I-bp-m-bn. CXns A\--c-^ew
Fm-bn-cp-m Xsbpw Zi-hj--fmbn XpSp hcp
hntZz-j-n\pw {]Xn-Im-tc-Obvpw CXv hncmaw Cp F-Xn\v
X-an-.
Hmkvt{S-en-b {][m-\-a{n Bbn-cp sIhn dUv (Kevin Rudd)
2008- Hmkvt{S-en-b BZn-hm-kn-It- fmSp apIm-e
- f
- n sNbvXn-
p A]-cm-[-n\v amv ]dXns\ tNmZyw sNbvXp-sh-nepw
ap ]ecpw {][m-\-a-{n-bpsS hmp-Isf kzmKXw sNp-I-bm-
Wp-m-b-Xv. ^m. ssa em]vken (Fr. Michael Lapsley) bpsS
hmpI {in-pI.
""Ncn-{X-nse Ign-p-t]mb bmYmy-sf Cm-Xm-p-
hmkm-[y-a-. Hmkvt{S-en-b-bnse BZn-hm-kn-I-fpsS thZ-\-Ifpw
Ah A\p-`-hn bmX-\-I-fpsS Hm-Ifpw Xe-ap-d-I-fm-bn-s
\op \npw. Fn-cp-mepw kaq-l-ns {]Xn-\n-[n-I-fpsS
`mKp \nv sXp-Isf k-Xn-p-hm\pw Xncp-p-hm\pw Xbm-
191
 an-p-Itbm? Ggv Fgp-]-Xp-{]m-h-iytam?
dm-Ip-Xv apdn-hp-Iv Bizm-k-I-chpw \oXnbpw ku`m-Kyhpw
e`y-am-Ip--Xn\p thnbp Hcp hgn-n-cnhpw BIpw.''
^m. em]vken (Fr. Lapsley) Hcp \nco--I F \ne-bn am{X-
a Xs A`n-{]mbw ]d--Xv. kuv B{^n--bnse h
hnth-N-\-n-s\-Xn-cmbn t]mcmSn temI {]ikvXn t\Sp-Ibpw
B cmPy-n\p ]pd-m--s-Sp-Ibpw Hcp t_mw_v A]-I-S-n
cp ssIIfpw \jvS-s-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX Hcp ]ptcm-ln-X-\mWv
em]vken Atlw Xs A\p-`-h-ns shfn--n-emWv Cu
{]kvXm-h\ sNbvXXv. At-l-ns Nn-bn Hcp am-t]
A\p-c-RvP-\-ns BZy ]Sn-am-{X-amWv. Hcp XpSw F-Xn-
s\--hnv Ay-hm-m-Ip-n-. AXn \nmWv N-Ifpw
AXy-nI a-bpw Df-hm-Ip--Xv.
Npcp-n-]d - - m Cu {]h-\ - ns `mK-ambn A{I-a - n\v
Cc-bm-bh - sc {im-]qw {ihn-p-h - \pw Ah-cpsS hnIm-c - sf
D-ahpw {Inbm--Ihpw Bb coXn-bn \bn-p--h\pw CXns
`mK-as- {X. A\p-cR - vP\-
- n-tev \bn-p-Xpw a-bpsS A-
s-p-dnv ]dp a\-n-em-p-Xpw {]m[m\yw Aln-pp.
Cu temI-nse hnhn[ h--fpw PmXn-Ifpw kwkvIm-c-fpw
AwKo-Ic - n-s - -tS-Ws- apw Fm a\p-jycpw ssZh-ns apn
hne-tb-dn-bh - cpw Bob ssNX-\y-ap-h - cpw BWv FXpw \mw
adp If-bc - p-Xv. Ah-km-\a - mbn apIm-ei- {- Xp- Ah-cpsS ]gb
Ime-N-cn-{X-ns D-c-hm-Zn-Xz- Gs-Sp-t--XmWv F-
Xn-t\m-sSmw Hmtcm hynbpw A{I-anbpw A{I-a-n-\n-cbpw
Bbn-o-cm-hp--Xm-Wv FXpw \mw hnkva-cn--cpXv.
B hn[-n-ep Hcp ImgvN-mSpw AXp-t]mse Hcp-h Abm-
fpsS Xs Ghpw henb i{Xp Bbn-o-cm-sa km[y-Xbpw
hfsc ZpjvI-c-amb Hcp Nn-bm-Wv. ]s B Nn \s
bYm kzmX-{y-ntev \bn-p-p. Cu ]pkvX-I-nse
Hmtcm A[ym-bhpw hnh-cn-p--Xp-t]mse t]mcm--an-msX hnPbw
kmy-a-. ]m--]-an-msX hos-Sp-pw, thZ-\-bn-msX
kuJyhpw Am-yw. ic-XvImew hk--Im-e-ns aptm-Sn-
bm-Wv. kphn-ti-j-n hy-am--s-n-cn-p--Xp-t]mse tImX-
192
Hmf- Df-hm-pI
p-aWn \nep hoWp NmIp-n Fn ^ew Imbn-p-n-.
[rX-K-Xn-bn Kan-p Cs temI kml-N-cy-n
h ]In-p-I-fpsS \nhr-Xn-bn Dq-e-\miw `hn Hcp sNdp
{Kma- ns ]p\- c p- \ {]h- \ - v henb hmm
{]m[m\yw \I-s-Sp-n-. Fs A\p-`-h-n \np Xs
a-sb-p-dnpw kl-\-i-n-sb-p-dnpw kvIqfp-I-fnepw ]e
kt-f-\--fn kwkm-cn-p-Xv ]{X-hm-bm-Ip-n-. Fv
F\nv ]d-bp-hm km[n-pw. ]t Hcp kvIqfn Hcp shSn-
shbv]v \S-m AXv [mcmfw ]{X-{]-h-Isc BIjn-p-
Ibpw sNpw. hmsb ASn-m-\-am-n-b bYm hnPbw
\ne-sIm-p--Xv.
Fs Hcp ]cn-N-b-mcn Bb sUm-tdmn tU (Dorothy Day)
]Xn-m-p-I-fmbn \yq-tbmv \K-c-nse ]mh-s--h-cpsS CS-
bn {]hn-p-hc - p-p. Ah-cpsS A`n-{]m-b
- n Ghpw henb
{]Xn-_w ap hyn-Itfm m]-\-Itfm A {]XypX \psS
kzw A]-cym-]vXXm t_m[hpw `b-fpw BWv. ""Cu temIs
\apv Hc-f-hn hyXn-bm-\-s-Sp-mw.'' Ah Hcp ]{X-n
FgpXn ""Hcp Iv Hcp Ipf-n CSp-tm D-hn-p Ae-
I Ah-km\w Ipf-ns Ic-hscbpw t]mIp kzm[o\w BWv
\apv sNep-p-hm km[n-p-Xv''.
hntZz-j-n-sbpw {]Xn-Im-c-n-sbpw IY-I-sf-m hf-sc-
q-Sp-X IY-I kvt\l-sbpw a-sbbpw Ipdn-m-Wv. \n-
fpsS i_vZw tIn--s-Sp-hm F{X-\m Imn-cn--Ww? Hmf-
-fpsS Ae-I hym]n-p-hm \mw Hcp sNdnb Is-nepw
Ipf-n-tev CSp-hm Hcp-s-Sptam?
193