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M-shapes lamps
straight lamps
Inverter Board
Power supply voltage board and Inverter board
inverter board is one PCB
TFT-LCD Imaging Principle
1:Scan IC transmission signal
3:When one sub-pixel cut-off, the sub-pixel cannot get light to show black.
4:If sub-pixel cut-off ,but light through the color filter and display color
5:After the synthesis of light effects, the display can produce color effects.
Color filter
enlarge
TFT-LCD Imaging Principle
TFT-LCD Imaging Principle
CCFL backlight LCD TV
CCFL is not produce display signals , only provide light source.
Inverter board is a DC to AC converter. It is low-voltage DC convert into high-
voltage AC, and supply to light up CCFL lamps.
4unit CCFL
small size
LCD TV
Lots of CCFL
big size LCD
TV
CCFL Parameters
Values
Parameter Symbol Unit
Min Type Max
start-up time Ts S 1 3
CCFL Operate Voltage Waveform
Input
Brightness
adjustment
CCFL and LED Dimming
LED dimming pricinple(PWM mode) CCFL dimming pricinple(Analog mode)
Vadj fb out
Vadj fb out Imax
inverter Imax inverter
Duty cycle regarding small dimming Duty cycle regarding small dimming
LED Chip Structure
LED Chip Structure
White LED structure
By a number of independent
white LED light strip solder into
the PCB (or aluminum plate)
Installed in the frame on the
screen (the side, both sides or
multilateral)
Light of the length and the
number of LED lamps according
to the size of screen size varies
The LED light on the many uses
of the series (some machines will
be used in parallel or series-
parallel hybrid) connected
A single light on one or more
strings of LED
Require specialized multi-string
LED constant current driver circuit
to drive
LED TV Structure
LED vs CCFL
Brightness and the startup time
600,00
500,00
500,00
300,00
300,00
200,00
200,00
100,00 100,00
0,00 0,00
1 1723435146858561027
1198
1369
1540
1711
1882
2053 1 38 75112149186223260297334371408445482519556
LED vs CCFL
Light remote control interference
CCFL Spectrum LED Spectrum
LED vs CCFL
LCD TV uses CCFL (Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp) lamps, CCFL drawback is that lifetime
is short compared with LED and CCFL using raw materials containing mercury, mercury
pollution of the environment is a big injury
LED TV: LED backlight that is used LED lamps. The disadvantage is higher the cost of LED
than CCFL , but lifetime is longer compared than the CCFL, and the mercury-free, less
environmental damage
LED
CCFL
LED and CCFL Backlight Compare
Environmental protection(Material does not contain mercury)
CCFL for the fragile glass products, LED chips for the semiconductor solid-state
LCD Panel Block Diagram
T-CON Board Introduction
Inverter Board Introduction
TFT-LCD Block Diagram
Power In Backlight
inverter Lamps
for
Inverter
Gamma
RSD Reference Vcom
Timing S
Data In Controller
Voltages
(LVDS)
Source Drivers
Input Signal
DE Mode Only
RGB 24bit Data Data
Clock Controller
RSDS
Front
L RSDS
Rx
V Data
D LVDS ACC DCC T-CON
Rx
S
RSDS Back
Rx RSDS
T
Data
x
PLL Memory
Controller
Vsync Fv 48 60 66 Hz
Display 1366
Thd - - Clocks
period (1280)*
Horizontal timing
Total Th 1368 1600 1800 Clocks
Display
Tvd - 768 - Lines
period
Vertical timing
Total Tv 773 838 1200 Lines
Input Pins Assignment
Connector: DF14A-20P-1.25H(HIROSE) or Compatable
Model : 17, 19, 23 - HD
No Signal No Signal
1 Vin(+5V) 11 GND
2 Vin(+5V) 12 Rclk-
3 Rx0- 13 Rclk+
LVDS cable
4 Rx0+ 14 GND
5 GNN 15 Rx3-
8 GND 18 GND
10 Rx2+ 20 N.C
Input Pins Assignment
Connector: FI-E30S(JAE) or Compatible
No Signal No Signal Model : 23, 26, 32, 40 - HD
1 N.C(#1) 16 GND
2 N.C(#2) 17 Rx3-
3 N.C(#3) 18 Rx3+
4 GND 19 GND
5 Rx0- 20 N.C(#4)
6 Rx0+ 21 LVDS Option
LVDS cable
7 GND 22 N.C(#5)
8 Rx1- 23 GND
9 Rx1+ 24 GND
10 GND 25 GND LVDS Format Option
11 Rx2- 26 Vdd(+5Vdc) High : VESA, Low : JEIDA
12 Rx2+ 27 Vdd(+5Vdc)
13 GND 28 Vdd(+5Vdc)
14 RxCLK- 29 Vdd(+5Vdc)
15 RxCLK+ 30 Vdd(+5Vdc)
Input Pin Assignment
No Signal No Signal Connector: FI-E30S(JAE) or
Compatable
1 Odd Rx0 - 16 Even Rx2 +
2 Odd Rx0 + 17 Even RxCLK - Model : 40, 46 - FHD
Analog Dimming O O O O O
PWM
170Hz 170Hz 170Hz 170Hz 170Hz
Frequency
Power
50W 70W 80W 110W 180W
Consumption
LED Backlight Driving Principle
Control Signal
LCD Driving Circuit
backlight
ON/OFF
control
signal
PWM
dimmi
ng
signal
Source board
1 protection sheet
2 prim sheet(vertical)
T-con
boar 3 prim sheet(horizontal)
Inverter board d Take care Tape Carrier Package
4 Diffuser sheet
CCFLS
Socket
After taking out open
Fromt mounting cell,we can see
bracket protection sheet Cable
LED Panel Structure Introduction
LED panel After taking out open cell,we
Front mounting bracket
can see protection sheet
2 prim sheet(vertical)
prim sheet(horizontal)
3
4 Diffuser sheet
LED poower
Open cell supply socket
Inverter T-CON
board board
LED lamp
Power
supply Qtys LED lamps:18 unit Qtys LED lamps:18 unit
socket
Backlight
Open cell module
Gate TCP
Assembly protection
CCFL bracket sheet\prim sheet Check here it is ok or not
(two\diffuser sheet Put the open cell on
the backlihgt module
Assembly CCFL
,take careCCFL
not breaking
Y
Y
N Check N
Check backlight on/off Vblihgt-dimming
or dimming
Y Y
Check Vt- N
N
Check Vt-con?(power con?(powersupply
supplyof T-con board of T-con board
Vt-con) Vt-con)
Y Y
Check main board Check backlihgt board Check backlight board Check main board
LCD Trouble Shooting
N
Check power Check power
supply board supply V=24V or 12V
check CCFL or N
Y
Check main N connect to checkCCFL
Check backlight on/off
board CCFL cable or or cable
socket
Y
Check backlight
board
LCD Trouble Shooting
CCFL is light to
keep 2S,and then is
not light
N
Check transformers
feedback circuit N
N Check PWMs
Y N N
OPV
and feedback Check transformer or Check transformers
circuit feedback circuit voltage
Y
Y
Check OPV and Replace Check MOSS
OPCs circuit PWM IC Check circuit
transformer and feedback
or capacitor circuit
What is LVDS?
picture
High Speed
megabits/second (Mbps) through gigabits/second (Gbps)
Low Power
x3.5mA current loop/output
Low Noise
low demands on power/ground
radiated electric fields tend to cancel
Low Cost
pure CMOS implementations
What is LVDS?
LVDS(Low Voltage Differential Signaling)
- Interface between TV set and LCD module
- 340mV swing
- 7:1 Muxing
- 100 ohm R-Termination
- Reduce Data Bus Width
Data(LVDS) LCD
Host Module
CMOS/TTL CMOS/TTL
System
T-con
Graphic
Controller Clock(LVDS)
LVDS Tx LVDS Rx
RGB Data(RSDS)
Timing RSDS Timing/
Control N
Controller Tx Source
Column
Driver
........ NN
Source
Column
Driver
Driver
Clock(RSDS)
Row
RSDS Signal Mapping Driver
Timing Control
- LCD
. TFT
. PANEL
RSDSCLK
Row
Driver
DIO
RSDS00 D0 D1 D0 D1 D0 D1 D0 D1 D0 D1 picture
RSDS01 D2 D3 D2 D3 D2 D3 D2 D3 D2 D3
Appendix
TFTThin Film Transistor
LCDLiquid Crystal Display
CCFL---Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamp
LED-----Light Emitting Diodes
HCFL -----Hot Cathode Fluorescent Lamp
FMB ------Front mounting bracket
FPC--------Flexible Printed Cable(It is the circuit that applies to printing circuit with LC driver IC
and COG circuit interface.)
TCP--------Tape Carrier Package
BLU --------Back Light Unit
CELL------- Cell( It is the panel of liquid crystal that fill into the micro meter gap formed by
combining two glasses substrates.)
Cell gap-----Cell Gap(It is the gap between ITO film on color filter substrate and TFT
substrate.The size of the gap affects the transmittance of LCD display substrate and response
time of liquid crystal.)
CF-----------Color Filter (In order for LCD to generate colors,there is a pattern with Red,Green
and Blue,which is one of the parts in the LC cell.Color filter is structured by 4 major
components:Black Matrix to block light, pattern to display colors,transparent protection film made
from protection pattern and transparent electrode film used for driver LC).
CIE chromaticity diagram--------- CIE chromaticity diagram shows the graph of 2 dimensional
color coordinate.On the XYZ color graph and X10Y10Z10 color graph,it uses x,y or x10y10 direct
coordinate,and they are called CIE1931 color graph or CIE 1964 color graph.It is also known as
xy or x10 y10 chromaticity diagram.
Appendix
COF-------Chip On Film(It is a simplified termof chip on film,which is a method of connecting
IC chip to the electrode terminal of flexible printed circuit board.The specialty of this IC
package method can thinner the flexible printed circuit board,which is about one third of
thickness of TCP.It also increases the reliability of the liquid crystal display module.The
current connecting processes used are:conductivity film,conductivity paste and eutectic
conjunction.)
COG-------Chip On Glass(It is a process of connecting electrode terminal of idisplay glass sub
strate and I/O of Driving IC directly to each other.The Driving IC must have bumping,and the
material used for liquid crystal substrate bumping is Au.The manufacturing process,which
uses ACF as its connecting material,is more matred.)
COP--------Chip On Plastic(It is a simplified term of Chip On Plastic,which is a method of
connecting IC chip to the electrode terminal of plastic substrate.It is used for setting the driver
IC onto the liquid crystal panel of plastic substrate.
Contrast ratio-----The ratio between the maximum and minmum brightness when the LC is
On/Off.The contrast changes with different viewing angles,and therefore,maximum contrast
ratio is used for display.Generally,STN is 10:1 and TFT is 100:1 for display.
Data line------It is the perpendicular wiring used in TFT substrate to transfer display
signals.Because it is connected with the Source electrode or Drain electrode on each pixel in
TFT,it is also known as Source line or Drain line.The width of the line is often between few um
to 10 um.
Appendix
Driver IC-------It is the IC that drives the LCD.There two types of display matrix:Scanning
electrode(column electrode)Driver and Signal electrode(row electrode)Driver.The package of
driver changes from QFP to TCP.The Driver IC of poly-silicon LCD panel forms directly in the
display screen.
Gray scale----- Gray scale is for tuning the display between maximum and minimum
brightness.When digital signal is input to it,according to2,3,4,6 and 8 bit,there are 4,8,16,64
and 256 different gray levels.Analogue input can be used for infinity level tuning display.There
are two ways of gray scale:LCD driving voltage tuning and frame rate control.
LCD Driver--------LCD Driver is for driving LC panel circuit or IC.In matrix terms,it can be
differentiated into column electrode Driver and row electrode Driver.
Scanning line------It is the horizontal wiring line,which transfers signal to the gate electrode in
TFT board,It is also known as gate line.It also has the function to select horizontal
pixels.When the pixels are selected by the scanning line,the TFT is in a conductivity
status,and signals can be written into each pixel from Data line.The signal delay in the
scanning line causes great impact to the quality of the screen image,and therefore,low resisto
scanning line should be used.