Bridge Abutment Pier Design As Per IRC

Design Abutment Foundation Page 1
2.0 Design of Substructure

2.1 Design of Abutment
Section of Abutment 40 m Standard DoR Superstructure
0.25 0.4 1.5 10 Nos of Span
215.5 Deck Level
0.3 Concrete Grade
1.0 A6 A7 0.5 3 All Concrete M30
0.61
A5 0.5
3.4 A2 0.9
3.5 0.00 210.5 HFL

A3
3.50
6.50
Y 1.0020 A1 0.01 206.7 AGL
4.005 A4 203.00 LBL
x 0.4
A 204.60 SBL
1.50 0.30
1.50 A8
203.1 CTL
This prelimanry section is defined by considering T SBL = Stem Bottom Level
hydrological analysis and geotechnical recommendation CTL = Cap Top Level
AGL = Average Ground Level
Material Properties
Concrete grade (fck) 30 N/mm
Steel grade (fe) 500 N/mm
Allowable stress of steel in tension and shear Sst = 240 N/mm
Allowable stress of steel in direct compression Ssc = 205 N/mm
Allowable compressive stress in concrete in flexure Scbc = 10.00 N/mm
Allowable comp. stress in concrete in direct compression Scc = 7.5 N/mm
Modular ratio (m) m= 10
Neutral axis factor k 0.29
j 0.90
The resisting moment coefficient R 1.33
IRC:21-2000, 303.2.1, Table 9,10
Levels
High Flood Level 210.5 m
Average Ground Level 206.7 m
Total depth of longitudinal Girder including Slab 3.00 m
Provided Clear free board 1.5 m
Level of Deck Surface 215.50 m
Thickness of abutment cap 0.9 m
Top level of Footing/cap (SBL) 204.60 m
Thickness of Footing/Cap 1.50 m
Bottem level of Footing/Cap (FBL) 203.10 m
Thickness of Bearing 0.3 m
Thickness of Bearing concrete Pad 0.2 m
Hence the total height of abutment H= 10.90 m
Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

As per IRC : 6-2000, 217.1 for Equivqlent live load Surcharge
1.2 m
Equivalent Height of Abutment H eq= 12.1 m
Length of Abutment L= 11 m
Span Length 40 m
Approach Slab Diamensions
Thickness of approach slab 0.3 m
Length of Approach Slab 33.50
50 m
Width of Approach Slab 11 m
Ballast Wall
Width of Ballast wall 0.4 m
Length of Ballast wall 11 m
Wing Wall
Thickness of wing wall 0.4 m
Soil Data & Seismic Data
Unit weight of backfill soil 16 kN/m
Unit weight of concrete conc 24 kN/m
Horizontal seismic coefficient 0.150
Vertical seismic coefficient 0.075
Zone Factor (z) 0.36
Importance Factor(I) 1
Degree
A l b
Angle t
between th
the wallll andd earth
th 0
Angle of internal friction of soil 35
Angle of friction between soil and wall 16
Analysis and Design of Abutment Stem
Area and C.G Calculation with respect to bottom of stem point A
2
Symbol Area (m ) CG-X CG-Y Weight (KN)
A1 1.76 0.20 5.45 464.64
A2 1.35 1.15 6.95 356.40
A3 9.750 1.13 3.25 2574.00
A4 0.98 2.00 2.17 257.40
A5 5.95 -1.17 8.77 57.12
A6 3.50 -1.75 10.40 33.60
A7 0.13 -0.13 10.35 33.00
Total 23.41 3776.16
C G ffrom A
C.G 1 0020
1.0020 4 005
4.005
Position of C.G From Superstructure Load Point 0.0080
Forces on the Abutment
Total Dead Load from superstructure 4280.00 KN
Total Critical Live load Excluding impact 1186.00 KN I.F 1.0978
Total Critical Live load including impact 1282.6 KN
Earth Pressure force (Including live load surcharge) [IRC:6-2000, 217.1]
pressure = 0.5* * Heq * tan(45
Total Static earth p ( - /
/2)*L
) = 3491.4575 KN
Which act at a distance from abutment base (0.42*Heq) 5.082 m
Effect of buyoncy [IRC:6-2000, 216.4 (a)]
Area of stem at top = 16.5 m
Depth of submerged part of abutment = 5.90 m
Area of stem at base = 19.8 m
Area of stem at HFL = 19.495385 m
Volume of submerged part of abutment = 115.92138 m
Taking 1/2 of the volume, Net upward force due to buyoncy = -579.6069 kN

Frictional force due to resistance of bearings
For Pot Bearing
Vertical dead Load 2140 kN
Total No of Bearing Per Abutment 2
2
Contact area of Pot Bearing (Assuming size 500mmX500mm) 250000 mm
Contact Stress (sp) 8.56 kN/mm2
Pot bearing constant (k) 1.00
Maximum
i Friction
i i C Coefficient
ffi i max = 0.065
Maxmimum Frictional Force 138.36 kN
Total Lateral force due to frictional resistance of bearings, 276.72 kN
Lateral force due to frictional resistance of bearings, 276.72 kN
Breaking Force:( As Per IRC:6-2000, 214.2)
Braking force = 20% of the weight of the design vehicle (Class A)
And this force acts along the bridge at 1.2m above the road level 12.10 m from base
Total weight of the IRC Class A vehicle = 543.29
543 29 kN
Therefore braking force length = 54.329 kN
Seismic Forces on Abutment [IRC :
Seismic Forces Due to back fill and Approach Slab are also considered.
Horizontal seismic forces:
Superstructure: 642.00 kN
Abutment: 566.42 kN
Backfill soil mass: 523.72 kN
This forces will act at 0.5 Heq 6.05 m
Vertical seismic forces:
Superstructure: 321.00 kN
Abutment: 283.21 kN
Loads and Moment Calculation
The transverce forces and moments are not calculated since it will not be critical due to high moment of inertia.
Taking Moments on C.G of Abutment
Load
Horizon
H i Vertical
V i l
Particular Coefficient Vertical force Horizontal Lever arm, Moment
tal force Lever arm,
IRC:6-2000, (kN) (m) (kN.m)
(kN) (m)
202.3
combination I Dry case, Non-seismic Increment factor for allowable stresses* 1
Superstructure dead load 1 4280.00 0.01 34.17
Live load 1 1282.55 0.01 10.24
Abutment 1 3776.16 0.00 0.00
Soil mass 1 3491.46 5.08 17743.59
Tractive/Braking force 1 54.33 12.10 657.38
Frictional force 1 276.72 7.40 2047.76
Total 9338.71 3822.51 24.58 20493.14
combination VI Dry case, Seismic Increment factor for allowable stresses* 1.5

Non seismic forces
Live load 0.5 641.28 0.01 5.12
Abutment 1 3776.16 0.00 0.00
Soil mass 1 3491.46 5.08 17743.59
Tractive/Braking force 0.5 27.16 12.10 328.69
Frictional force 0.5 138.36 7.40 1023.88
Additi l seismic
Additional i mi forces
f r
Superstructure 1 321.00 0.008 642.00 7.90 5074.36
Abutment 1 283.21 0.000 566.42 4.01 2268.63
Soil mass 1 523.72 6.05 3168.50
Total 9301.65 5389.13 33935.57
combination I-a Flooded case, Non-seismic Increment factor for allowable stresses* 1
Live load 1 1282.55 0.01 10.24
Abutment 1 3776.16 0.00 0.00
Soil mass 1 3491.46 5.08 17743.59
Buyoncy 1 -579.61
Total 8759.10 3822.51 24.58 20493.14
combination VI-a Flooded case, Seismic Increment factor for allowable stresses* 1.5
Non seismic forces
Live load 0.5 641.28 0.01 5.12
Abutment 1 3776.16 0.00 0.00
Soil mass 1 3491.46 5.08 17743.59
Frictional force 0.5 138.36 7.40 1023.88
Buyoncy 1 -579.61
Additional seismic forces
Superstructure 1 321.00 0.01 642.00 7.90 5074.36
Abutment 1 283.21 0.00 566.42 4.01 2268.63
Soil mass 1 523.72 6.05 3168.50
Total 8722.04 5389.13 29646.94
Maximum Loads 9338.71 5389.13 33935.57
Increment factor for allowable stresses* IRC:6-2000, 202.3

2.1.1 Design of abutment stem Section
Abutment Stem will be designed as compression member with uniaxial moment.
Overall Thickness of Stem at base D= 1800 mm
Length of the abutment L= 11000 mm
Gross cross sectional area of the stem Ag = 19800000 mm
percentage of longitudinal tensile reinforcement pst 0.25 %
the percentage of longitudinal compressive reifnrocement psc 0.13 %
Percentage of steel to be provided as per IRC:21-2000,
IRC:21 2000 306.2.2
306 2 2 03
0.3 %
Total percentage of longitudinal reinforcement = 0.38 % OK
Then the initial total area of reinforcement Asc = 75240 mm
Net area of concrete Ac = 19724760 mm
Let the effective cover (referring to the CG of bars) cover (d')= 65 mm
Hence the effective depth d_eff = 1735 mm
4
Moment of inertia I = 4.788.E+12 mm
Section modulus Z = 5.519.E+09 mm
Radius of gyration SQRT(I/Z*L) k= 501 mm
Height of the abutment (upto abutment cap) 6500 mm
Effective length (height) factor (IRC:21-2000, 306.1.2, Table 13) = 1.75
Effective height of the abutment 11375 mm
Ratio of Effective length : Radius of gyration = 22.71
Hence it is treated as a Short Column
Th di
The directt comp. stress,
t
Scc_cal = P/(Ac+1.5*m*Asc) N/mm
The comp. stress in bending
Scbc_cal = M/Z N/mm
Interaction Condition to be satisfied:
[Scc_cal/Scc] + [Scbc_cal/Scbc] = <1
Comp. Stress Non-Seismic Case Seismic Case [Scc_cal/Scc] + [Scbc_cal/Scbc] Condition
Scc_cal = 0.45 0.45 0.431 Non sesmic <1 Satisfied
Scbc_cal = 3.71 6.15 0.674 Sesmic <1 Satisfied
Reinforcement Calculation
Provided
Reinforcement Area (mm2) Bar dia (mm) Nos Spacing (mm) c/c Nos
Tensile reinforcement (AS1+AS2) 49500 25 105 100 AS1 110
Compressive Reinforcement
(AS3+AS4) 25740 20 85 130 AS2 85
Total area of tensile reinforcement Ast= 51542 mm
Total area of compressive reinforcement Asc= 26704 mm
Total provided area of longitudinal steel = 80700 mm
0.408 % OK
Check For Shear
Critical shear force at the base 3822510.67 N
Effective area of the section 19800000 mm
Shear Stress 0.193 N/mm
Permissible Shear Stress 0 270 N/mm
0.270 OK
[IRC:21-2000, Table 12B]

Check For Cracked or Uncracked Section
For uncracked section (Scbc_cal - Scc_cal) < 0.25*(Scc_cal + Scbc_cal)
Case (Scbc_cal - Scc_cal) 0.25*(Scc_cal + Scbc_cal) Section is
Non seismic condition: 3.27 1.04 Cracked
Seismic condition: 5.70 1.65 Cracked
As The Section is cracked Reinforcement and section should be checked for cracked condition
Critical Neutral axis x 555.16 mm
The resultant Stress Scb 4 081 N/mm
4.081
Stress in tension reinforcement:
Ss = m*Scb*(D-d'-x)/x = 86.74 N/mm < 240 OK
Stress in compression reinforcement:
Ssc = 1.5m*Scb*(x-d')/x = 54.05 N/mm < 205 OK

Distribution Bar calculation
Let the percentage of distribution bars be 20 % of the total longitudinal reinforcement
Hence, area of distribution bars = 16139.932 mm

Let's use bars of 16 mm Unit area = 201.06 mm
Total number of distribution bars on each face of the stem = 41 nos
Spacing @ 160 mm c/c
Provided spacing 160 mm and bar dia is 16 mm (AS3)
No of Bar 56 on each face of stem
Development / Lap length to be provided where necessary = 1150 mm
Summary of reinforcement of abutment stem Section
AS3 AS3
AS1 16 @ 160 c/c AS1 16 @ 160 c/c
25 @ 100 c/c AS3 25 @ 100 c/c AS3
20 @ 130 c/c 20 @ 130 c/c
Above curtailment Below curtailment
AS3
AS1 20 @ 130 c/c
25 @ 100 c/c Height of curtailmnet
AS3 No Curtailment
16 @ 160 c/c AS3
AS1 20 @ 130 c/c
25 @ 100 c/c
2.1.2 Design of Abutment Cap

Calculation of Vertical Load
Superstructure Dead Load 4280 KN
Live Load Including Impact 1282.6 KN
Total Load 5562.6 KN
Total Load per Girder 2781.3 KN
No of Longitidunal Girder 2
Depth of Abutment Cap D= 900 mm
Check For Punching Stress:
Bearing Size provided L= 500 mm
B= 500 mm
Allowable punching Stress = au p = ks(0
au_p ks(0.16
16*sqrt(fck))
sqrt(fck))
Where ks is minimum of 1 and 0.5 + bc and bc = B/L 1

So, ks = 1
Allowable punching Stress tau_p = 0.876 N/mm
Total Punching Stress Developed au_developed = V/Po*D
where Po is perimeter of affected Area = 2 (2D+L+B)
Po 5600 mm
So, Punching Stress Developed au_developed = 0.5518 N/mm
< 0.876 N/mm Ok
As depth is safe for punching no additional reinforcement is required. Providing nominal reinforcement.
Reinforcement Bar dia (mm) Nos Spacing (mm) c/c provided Level
Reinforcement along length of cap 12 28 175 AC1
Stirrups around the cap 10 62 175 AC2
And Provide 2 layers of 8 mm bar mesh of
length L: 650 mm AC3
Breadth : 650 mm

Summary of reinforcement of abutment Cap Section

8mm 2 layers of bar mesh AC3
10 @ 175 mmc/c AC2
12 @ 175 mmc/c AC1
10 @ 175 mmc/c AC2
12 @ 175 mmc/c AC1 8mm 2 layers of bar mesh AC3
2.1.3 Design of Back Wall/DirtWall

Total Horizontal force due to earth pressure including live load surcharge is given by
0.5.s.(height of ballast wall+1.2(eq live load surcharge))2.tan2(45-/2)*L= 420.16 KN
which acts at a distance 0.42H from backwall base of 1.764 m
Total Seismic earth pressure Including live load surcharge is given by
(0.5* g Ka_dyn*H *L) =
Horizontal component of this force = 63.02 kN
This force acts at 0.5*H, hence lever arm = 2.1 m
Self weight of backwall 316 8 kN
316.8
these act at a distance from backwall toe of 0.2 m
Moment due to earth pressure about abutment base 741.17 kN.m
Moment due to seismic forces 132.35 kN.m
Moment due self weight 63.36 kN.m
Total Moment about backwall toe 936.88 kNm
Total Base Shear 483.19 kN
Providing 40 mm cover and total thickness of ballast wall is 400 mm
& dia of main bar & Distribution bar are 25 mm & 12 mm respectively
So, available effective depth = 322.5 mm
Critical neutral axis, xc = Scbc*deff/((Sst/m)+Scbc) 94.85 mm

Lever arm , Z = deff-xc/3 290.88 mm
Required area of tensile steel (M/Z*Sst) = 13420.09 mm
So, No of main bar 28 @ spaicng 405 mm c/c >300 mm

Provided Reinforcement
Reinforcement Dia of Bar Spacing (mm) c/c provided Nos Level
Main Bar (Back Face) 25 210 53 AB1
Distribution Bar (Horizontal bar at
each face) 12 300 11 AB3
Compression Bar (Front Face) 20 260 43 AB2

Summary of reinforcement of Back Wall
250 400
100
20 AB7
25 @ 210 mmc/c AB1
12 @ 300 mmc/c AB3

250
10 AB5
20 @ 260 mmc/c AB2
250 10 AB6
16 AB8
16 AB4
2.1.3 Design of Pile Foundation
0.25 0.4 1.5
03
0.3
1.0 A6 A7 0.5 3
0.61
A5 0.5
3.4 A2 0.9
3.5 0 210.5 HFL

A3 10.90
3.50
6.50 12.40
Y A1 206.7 AGL
0.12 A4 203 LBL
x 3.43
A 204.6 SBL
1.50 0.3
1 50
1.50 A8
203.1 CBL
2.80 1.80 2.80
7.40
195.962 MSL
20.00
183.10 FL
** FL = Foundation Level

210.5 HFL
14.538
206.7 AGL
3.60 2.10
203.10 7.14
195 962
195.962 MSL
6.122603013 20.00
12.86
189.839397 level of fixity
6.74
183.10 Foundation level
0.7
3.00
13.40
7.40
3.00
Length of Pile cap Along Brodge Axis = 7.40 m

Length of Pile Cap Across Bridge Axis = 13.40 m
Depth of Fixity from maximum Scour Level = 6.12 m
(IS 2911 part I section II, Appendix C, Adopting Max value)
Diameter
Di t off Pile
Pil = 1m
Depth of Pile = 20.00 m
No of Pile in one row = (Along Bridge Axis) 3
No of Row = 5
Total No of Pile (n) = 15
Embedded length of Pile = 12.86
Thickness of Pile Cap = 1.50 m
IRC 78:2000 Cl 709.5 OK
Factor of Saftey FS = IRC 78:2000 Cl 709.3 2.5
offset of pile cap from the outer face of outermost pile = 0.2 m Ok

Center to center distance of the piles
Along Bridge Axis (Xi) = 3.00 m
Across Bridge Axis (Yi) = 3.00 m
Width of Pile Group (Outer Surface of The piles) along Axis (B) = 6.70 m
Width of Pile Group (Outer Surface of The piles) across Axis (L) = 12.70 m
2
Area Enclosed by pile Groups (Ag) = 85.09 m
Area and C.G Calculation with respect to CG of Pile Cap
Symbol Area (m2) CG-X CG-Y Weight (KN)
A1 1.76 0.70 6.95 464.64
A2 1.35 -0.25 8.45 356.40
A3 9.75 -0.05 4.75 2574.00
A4 0.98 -0.70 3.67 257.40
A5 5.95 -1.63 10.27 57.12
A6 3.50 2.65 11.90 33.60
A7 0.13 1.03 11.85 33.00
A8 11.10 0.00 0.75 2930.40
Total 34.51 6706.56
C.G from CL of cap -0.0064 3.427 m
Position of superstructure load point CG of pile cap= -0.01 m
Position of C.G From Superstructure Load Point 0.12 m
Height of Abutment (H) 10.90 m
Height of Abutment Including Cap (H') 12.40 m
Length of Abutment (L) 11.00 m
Over all Length of Cap (L') 7.40 m
Horizontal Nonseismic Forces kN Vertical lever arm m
Forces due to breaking force 54.329 4.20
Horizontal forces due to reisitence of bearing 276.72 8.90
Earth pressure (0.5* g * H * tan(45 - f/2)*L) at 0.42H 3491.46 5.71
Vertical Nonseismic Forces kN Horizontal lever arm m
Live Load 1282.55 0.12
Dead Load from superstructure 4280.00 0.12
Dead load of Abutment and Footing 6706.56 0.12
Vertical Load of Soil Mass 2685.76 2.29
Vertical Load of Approach Slab 277.2 1.94
Horizontal seismic forces: kN Vertical lever arm m
Superstructure 642.00 9.40
Abutment and footing 1005.98 3.43
Soil mass 402.86 6.20
Approach Slab 41.58 12.25
Vertical seismic forces: kN Horizontal lever arm m
Superstructure 321.00 0.12
Abutment and footing 502.99 0.12
Soil mass 201.43 2.29
Approach Slab 20.79 1.94
Buyoncy (IRC:6-2000,
(IRC:6 2000, 216.4 (a)
Upward pressure due to buyoncy = -1981 kN at -0.01 m

Volume of Submerged part of Stem 115.92
Volume of cap 82.14
Load Moment
Horizon Vertical Moment
Particular Coefficient Vertical force Horizontal Lever arm, Along Axix
tal force Lever arm, Along Axis
IRC:6-2000, (kN) (m) (kN.m)
(kN) (m) (kN.m) (+ve)
202.3 (-ve)
Live load 1 1282.55 0.12 149.34
Abutment 1 6706.56 0.12 780.88
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 2685.76 2.29 3491.46 5.71 13783.24
Approach Slab 1 277.2 1.94 538.76
Total 15232.07 3822.51 18.81 15750.56 2691.03
Non seismic forces
Live load 1 1282.55 0.12 149.34
Abutment 1 6706.56 0.12 780.88
Soil mass/earth pressure 1 2685.76 2.29 3491.46 5.71 13783.24
Approach Slab 1 277.20 1.94
Superstructure 1 321.00 0.116 642.00 9.40 37.38 6034.80
Abutment 1 502.99 0.116 1005.98 3.43 58.57 3447.94
Soil mass 1 201.43 2.294 402.86 6.20 462.00 2497.76
Approach Slab 1 20.79 1.944 41.58 12.25 40.41 509.36
Total 16257.50 5914.94 15810.15 15180.88
Live load 1 1282.55 0.12 149.34
Abutment 1 6706.56 0.12 780.88
Soil mass 1 2685.76 2.29 3491.46 5.71 13783.24
Approach Slab 1 277.2 1.94 538.76
Buyoncy 1 -1980.61 -0.01 -12.7
Total 13251.46 3822.51 15737.82 2691.03
Non seismic forces
Live load 1 1282.55 0.12 149.34
Abutment 1 6706.56 0.12 780.88
Soil mass 1 2685.76 2.29 3491.46 5.71 13783.24
Approach Slab 1 277.20 1.94 538.76
Buyoncy 1 -1980.61 -0.01 -12.7

Superstructure 1 321.00 0.12 642.00 9.40 37.38 6034.80
Abutment 1 502.99 0.12 1005.98 3.43 58.57 3447.94
Soil mass 1 201.43 2.29 402.86 6.20 462.00 2497.76
Approach Slab 1 20.79 1.94 41.58 12.25 40.41 509.36
Total 14297.67 5914.94 16336.16 15180.88
Summary of Loads
Particular/Load cases Moment
Vertical Horizontal
Moment Along Axis (kN.m) Across Axix
force (kN) force (kN)
(kN.m)
Non Seismic case

Dry (comb. I) 15232.07 3822.51 15750.56 2691.03
Flooded (comb. I-a) 13251.46 3822.51 15737.82 2691.03
Seismic case
Dry (comb. VI) 16257.50 5914.94 15810.15 15180.88
Flooded (comb VI-a) 14297.67 5914.94 16336.16 15180.88
Max Loads: 16257.50 5914.94 16336.16 15180.88
Maximum load on individual piles
Maximum and Minimum Load is given by
V max = [V/n] + (Mxx*Xmax)/ Xi + (Myy*Ymax)/ Yi
V min = [V/n] - (Mxx*Xmax)/ Xi - (Myy*Ymax)/ Yi
Moment of Inertia of Piles
Xi= 90.00 m
Yi= 1134.00 m
Maximum Load will be on outermost pile
So, X max = 3.00
Y max = 6.00
Particular/Load cases Vertical Recommended Pile Capacity
Vmax Vmin Hmax from soil Investigation
force
f (kN) Remark
Non Seismic case
Dry (comb. I) 15232.07 1554.73 476.21 254.83 1650 OK
Flooded (comb. I-a) 13251.46 1422.26 344.60 254.83 1650 OK
Seismic case
Dry (comb. VI) 16257.50 1691.16 476.51 394.33 2475 OK
Flooded (comb VI-a) 14297.67 1578.04 336.35 394.33 2475 OK
g of Pile
Design
j 0.90
Cover 80 mm
Horizontal Force Per Pile Non Seismic 254.8 kN
Seismic 394.3 kN


Elasticity of Concrete, 2.74E+04 MN/m2

4
Moment of Inertia, 4.91E-02 m
Soil Type Cohensionless Soil
Calculation for Cohesionless Soil Calculation for Cohesive Soil
Calculate Not Applicable
3
h 5 MN/m3 k1 ((IS :2911/Part1/Sec2-2010/Table 4)) 20000 kN/m
(T bl 3 IS 2911)
(Table K orr h
h 4000
Stiffness Factor T 3.06 m Relative Stiffness Factor, R 0.8 m
Embedded length of Pile (Le) 12.86 m Embedded length of pile, Le 12.86 m
L1 7.14 m L1 7.14 m
L1/T 2.3 L1/R 8.88
Lf/T 2 Lf/R 1.950
Lf 6.12 Lf 1.6 m
Non Seismic Case Seismic Case

Fixed End Moment, MF 1689.63 2614.52 KNm
Reduction Factor, m 0.85 0.85 (IS :2911/Part1/Sec2-2010/Fig. 3, Fixed Head /Amend
Actual maximum moment, M 1436.18 2222.34 KNm
Maximum Axial Force (kN) 1554.73 1691.16
Design For Non Seismic Case
Sectional area of pile = (Ag) 785398.2 mm
Let Provide main reinforcement 1.5 % of Sectional area
Total Area of reinforcement 11780.972 mm
Let Provide 25 mm dia bars. Provided Number of Bar 24 (AP5)
Provide in one row
Spacing between the bars = 130 mm
Cover provided 75 mm
Let provided diameter of transverse reinforcement 10 mm
the diameter up to the line of reinforcement Dc 850 mm
So Area of Steel Provided (As) 11780.972 mm
So Area of Concrete (Ac) 785398.2 mm
Check for Section capacity of Stem
Equivalent area of Section Ae = Ac+(1.5m-1)*As= 950331.8 mm
Equivalent moment of inertia of section Ie = (PI*D^4/64) + (m-1)*As*Dc / 8
4
6.23E+10 mm
3
Ze = 2*Ie/D = 124681958 mm
Scc = P/Ae = 1.636 N/mm
Scb = M/Ze = 11.519 N/mm
(Scc/Sacc + Scb/Sacb) = 1.3700 !!!
!!!
Seismic Case: (Scc/Sacc + Scb/Sacb) = 1.3460 !!!
Summary of reinforcement of Pile Section
Provide 24 nos of 25 mm dia bars APL1
Lateral Ties
Minimum volume of lateral reinforcement per meter length of pile 0.3 %
3
2356194.49 mm
3
Volume of tie of 10 mm tie 207261.7 mm
Number of Ties per meter of pile = 12
& Spacing = 84.00 mm c/c APL2

25 @ 24 Nos APL1
10 @ 84 mmc/c APL2
Design of Pile Cap (Assumed Maximum Loaded Pile at outermost edge)
3.00
2.1
3.00
Bending Moment at the face stem = 1325.2 kN-m

(per meter width of pile cap)
Neutral Axis Factor Xc [m*Scbc/m*Scbc+Sst] = 0.29
Lever Arm Z [1-Xc/3] = 0.90
Moment of Resistance Factor R [Scbc/2*Z*Xc] = 1.33
Minimum Effective depth requireq deff_min [sqrt(M/R*b] = 999.53 mm
Provided Over all Depth 1500 mm
Cover provided (Top and Cover) 75 mm
S effective
So, ff ti actual
t l depth
d pth deff 1425 mm Ok
2
Area of Reinforcement required Ast [M/Z*deff*Sst] = 4295.9 mm
Nos
Reinforcement Dia of Bar Spacing (mm) c/c provided Per meter Total Level
Tensile Reinforcement (Bottom) 25 120 9 112.00 APC1+2
Bothway 62.00
Ast Provided (Bottom) 4417 9 mm
4417.9 mm > Ast required OK
Top Bar (distribution bar) Min 0.12 % of gross area
Top Reinforcement Bothway
25 mm 120 mm c/c APC3+4
Ast Provided (Top) 4090.6 mm 112 62
0.29 % OK

Check For Shear Seismic Case Non Seismic Case
Shear Force = 441.41 kN 285.26 kN
Shear Stress Developed = 0.3098 N/mm2 0.2002 N/mm2
Reinforcement % = 0.31 0.31
Permissible shear Stress = 0.3588 N/mm2 OK 0.2392 N/mm2 OK
Check For Punching Stress
Depth of Section = 1500.00 mm
All
Allowable
bl punching
hi pressure, tau_p = kks(0.16*sqrt(fck))
(0 16* (f k))
Where, ks = the minimum of 1 and 0.5+bc = 1.0
bc = B/L = 1
2
So, allowable punching Stress tau_p = 0.876 N/mm
2
Punching stress developed = 0.17 N/mm OK
Provide Nominal Chair bar 10 dia @ 700 mm spacing APC6
Summary of reinforcement of Pile Cap and Pile Section
10 @ 700c/c APC6 25 @ 120c/c APC3&APC4
3 Nos 10 mm bar
Periphery APC5
25 @ 120c/c
( )
(APC1&APC2)
25 @ 24 Nos APL1
10 @ 84 mmc/c APL2

Design of Pier Cap and Stem 1
2.1 Design of Pier
Section of Pier
A B 0.75 1.48
TPL 212
1
2.500 2.500 2.00
4.45
BPL 210.00
7.50
HFL 210.5
2.45 10.50
2.60
12.10 LBL 203
SBL 201.50
1.60 1.60
FBL 199.9
13.40 7.40
This prelimanry section is defined by considering SBL = Stem Bottom Level

hydrological analysis and geotechnical recommendation FBL = Footing Bottom Level
Material Properties
j 0.89
IRC:21-2000, 303.2.1, Table 9,10
Levels
Lowest Bed Level of pier 203.00 m
Thickness of Pier cap (overall Thickness) 2.00 m
Total depth of longitudinal Girder including Slab 3.00 m
Top level of pier cap (TPL) 212.00
Pier_CAP+STEM Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Top level of Footing (SBL) 201.50 m
Thickness of Bearing Including Pad 0.5 m
Hence the total height of Pier H= 12.10 m
Unit weight of concrete conc 24 kN/m
Degree
Angle between the wall and earth 0
Design of Pier Cap
Forces on the Pier at Point A B C
Distance from center -2.50 0.00 2.50
Total Dead Load from superstructure (kN) 2140.00 0.00 2140.00
Total Critical Live load excluding impact (kN) 641.28 0.00 641.00
Moment at the edge of the stem shaft
Due to dead load of the cap itself = 427.38 Kn m
Kn-m
Due to dead load from superstructure = 5136 Kn-m
Due to live load excluding impact = 1539.0621 Kn-m
Due to Impact load = 769.53105 Kn-m
Hence Total Moment 7871.97 Kn-m
Neutral Axis Factor Xc [m*Scbc/(m*Scbc+Sst)] = 0.29
Moment of Resistance Factor R [[Scbc*Z*Xc]] = 2.65
Assuming b=1 m
Minimum Effective depth requireq deff_min [sqrt(M/R*b] = 1008.28 mm
Provided Over all Depth 2000 mm
Diameter of bar 32 mm
So, effective actual depth deff 1824 mm Ok
Distance of the bearing center from the face of stem = 1200 mm
Cap To be designed as Corbel
Determination of Crobel Geometry
Concrete grade 30 N/mm
Cover 40 mm
h= 2.00 m
d= 1.944 m
av= 1 824 m
1.824
Width of Crobel (b) 4.45 m
Total Vertical Load (V) 5562.28 KN

Calculation of Force as Strut and Tie Model
Calculation of x and z
x= 0.1 d 0.19 m
z= d-0.45x 1.86 m
Cotb = av/z = 0.982
Sinb = 0.713
Cosb = 0.701
Fc = V/Sinb = 6000.06 KN
x= 160 mm ok
Now
Ft = 6577.30 KN
Area off Steel
A S lA As= 15120 23 mm22
15120.23
Area of Steel Considering Cantilever
2
Area of Reinforcement required Ast [M/Z*deff*Sst] = 19937 mm
Provide 32 mm bars at spacing 180.00 mm c/c, so nos of bars are 25
Provided area of tensile reinforcement = 20106 mm2 OK AP1
Reinforcement at the bottom (compression side) AP6
Provide 25 mm bars at spacing 200.00 mm c/c, so nos of bars are 23
2
Provided area of tensile reinforcement = 11290 mm AP2
Check for Shear
Shear force at the critical section
Due to dead load of the cap itself = 392.49 kN
Due to dead load from superstructure = 4280 kN
Due to live load excluding impact = 1282.55175 kN
Due to Impact load = 641.275875 kN
Total Shear force V= 6596.31763 kN
Shear Stress developed, tau = V/(B*D) 0.74115928 N/mm
Allowable shear stress for the section (IRC:21-2000, Table 12A) = 2.2 Section ok for shear
Percentage of longitudinal steel (tension+compression), pt = 0.387 %
Allowable shear stress (IRC:21-2000, Table 12B) = tc = 0.264 < 0.741
Shear reinforcement is required
Shear resisted by the longitudinal steel and concrete section = tc * B * d_eff =
2141033 N
Shear force to be resisted by shear reinforcement Vus = 4455284 N
Providing 8 legs of 16 mm bars
The shear steel area Asv = 1608.50 mm
Spacing of bars Sst * Asv *d_eff / Vus = 125 mm c/c
Check for shear at bearings
Check shear at a distance 1.20 m from the face of the stem
Total Depth of beam at the bearing = 1510 mm
Effective Depth of beam at the bearing= 1414 mm
Shear forces:
Due to dead load of the cap itself = 160.85 kN
Due to dead load from superstructure = 4280.00 kN
Due to live load excluding impact = 1282.55 kN
Due to Impact load = 641.28 kN
Total V= 6364.68 kN
Shear Stress developed, tau = V/(B*D) 0.95 N/mm
Allowable shear stress for the section (IRC:21-2000, Table 12A) = 2.20 Section ok for shear
Percentage of longitudinal steel (tension+compression), pt = 0.499 %
Allowable shear stress (IRC:21-2000, Table 12B) = 0.320 N/mm
Shear resisted by the longitudinal steel and concrete section = tc * B * d_eff =
2012711 N
Shear force to be resisted by shear reinforcement Vus = 4351971 N
Providing 8 legs of 16 mm bars
The shear steel area Asv = 1608.50 mm
Spacing of bars Sst * Asv *d_eff / Vus = 125 mm c/c AP3
Ski reinforcement
Skin i f 0 1% off gross sectional
@ 0.1% i l area off the
h beam
b 8117 mm
For each side = 4058 mm each side
Providing 16 mm bars 5 layers mm c/c, hence, 6 nos each side
Provided area at each side = 10 leged 12064 mm each side
OK AP4
Check for punching shear 12 mm AP5
Average depth of section at bearing, i.e. at 1.2 m from the stem face= 1489.8 mm
All
Allowable
bl punching
hi pressure, tau_p = kks(0.16*sqrt(fck))
(0 16* (f k))
Where, ks = the minimum of 1 and 0.5+bc = 1
bc = B/L = 1
hence, tau_p = 2.27
Total punching stress developed = tau_punch = V/Lo*D
Where Lo = perimeter around the critical plane = 2*(2D+L+B) = 6369.18 mm
Hence, tau_punch = 0.0002 N/mm
Which is < 2 2712 OK
2.2712

32 @ 180 mm c/c AP6 Summary of reinforcement of Pier Cap

16 @ 5 layers AP4 32 @ 180 mm c/c AP1
32 @ 180 mm c/c AP1
16 @ 125 mm c/c AP3
16 @ 5 layers AP4
25 @ 200 mm c/c AP2 12 @ 5 layers AP5
25 @ 200 mm c/c AP2
Design of Pier Stem
Length of stem column (between the surfaces of the restrains) L= 10500 mm

Diameter of column D 2600 mm
Effective length of column (IRC:21-2000, 306.2.1) Le = 12600 mm
[ effective length factor 1.2 ]
Forces on the Pier at Impact Total Load Total Load CG of Load
Point from factor (absolute) (incl. impact) wrt center,
superstructure A B C (excl. impact) m
Distance from center -2.5 0 2.5
Dead Load (kN) 1 2140.00 0.00 2140.00 4280.00 4280.00 0.000
Live load (kN) 1.098 641.28 0.00 641.00 1282.28 1407.72 -0.001
Analysis
y and Design g of pier
p Stem
Dead Load
Dead Load From Superstructure 8560.0 kN
Dead Load due to pier cap 702.00 kN
Dead Load of Pier Stem 1083.10 kN
Total Dead Load 10345 kN
Brakingg force = 20% of the weight
g of the designg vehicle (Class
( A))
Height of deck surface from the pier cap= 3.3 m
Total weight of the IRC Class A vehicle = 700 kN
Therefore braking force length = 140 kN
Moment Due to Breaking Force 2100 kN-m
Area of stem at top = 5.309 m
Depth of submerged part of Pier = 9.00 m
Volume of submerged part of pier = 47.78 m
Net upward force due to buyoncy = -477.84 kN
Live Load
Live Load Excluding Impact = 2564.55 kN
which will act at eccentricity ('CG of Load wrt center) -0.001 m
Critical moment due to live load eccentricity -1.379375 kN-m

Frictional force due to resistance of bearings (temperature effect)
And this force acts along the bridge at 10.50 m from base of stem
Moment due to temperature effect 1452.80 kN-m
Force due to water current
Exposed height to water current 9.00 m
perimeter Area exposed 36.76 m
Maximum mean velocity m/sec 2.2
Maximum velocity, Sqrt(2)*V, (IRC:6-2000,213.3), V = 3.11
Shape factor for square end (IRC:6-2000, 213.2), K = 0.66
Pressure intensity =0.5KV (IRC:6-2000, 213.2) = 3.1944
Hence force due to water current = 78.28 kN
Moment due to water current 704.49 kN-m
Seismic Forces on
Forces (kN) Lever Arm (m) Moment (kN-m)
Superstructure: 1284.00 10.50 13482.00
Pier cap 105.30 9.50 1000.35
Pier stem 162.46 4.25 690.47
Total 1551.76 15172.82
Superstructure: 642.00
Pier cap 52.65
Pier stem 81.23
Total 775.88

Vertical Horizontal load along Horizontal Moment along Moment
load, P traffic(Y-Y) load across traffic (Y-Y) across traffic
traffic (X- (X-X)
X)
Combination
Total Dead load 1 10345.10
10345 10
Live load 1 2564.55 -1.38
Frictional force 1 138.36 1452.80
Total 13049.65 278.36 0.00 3552.80 -1.38
Non seismic forces
Total Dead load 1 10345 10
10345.10
Live load 1 2564.55 -1.38
Seismic forces 1 775.88 1551.76 1551.76 15172.82 15172.82
Total 13825.53 1830.13 1551.76 18725.63 15171.44
Live load 1 2564.55 -1.38
Buyoncy 1 -477.84
Water Current 1 78.28 704.49
Total 12571.81 278.36 78.28 3552.80 703.11
combination VI-a Flooded case,, Seismic Increment factor for allowable stresses* 1.5
Live load 1 2564.55 -1.38
Tractive/Braking force 1 140.00 140.00
Frictional force 1 138.36
Buyoncy 1 -477.84 1452.80
Seismic forces 1 775.88 1551.76 1551.76 15172.82 15172.82
Total 13347.69 1830.13 1630.04 16625.63 15875.94
Maximum Loads 13825.53 1830.13 1630.04 18725.63 15875.94

Resultant Critical forces: Vertical Load, P = 13049.65 kN 13825.53 kN
Horizontal Load, H = 289.16 kN 2450.80 kN
Moment, M = 3621.71 kN.m 24100.24 kN.m
Sectional area of stem = (Ag) 5309291.6 mm
Provide in one row
Grade of Concrete and Steel same as in Pier Cap
4
2.7997E+12 mm
3
Ze = 2*Ie/D = 2153577520 mm
Scc = P/Ae = 2.054 N/mm
Scb = M/Ze = 1.682 N/mm
(Scc/Sacc + Scb/Sacb) = 0.4420 <1
Satisfied
Check For Seismic Case
Scc = P/Ae = 2.176 N/mm
Scb = M/Ze = 11.191 N/mm
0.9394 <1
Satisfied
Check the section for shear
Resultant critical horizontal force: 2450795 N
Shear stress developed, tau = 0.462 N/mm
Percentage of longitudinal steel (as provided)= 1.515 %
Allowable shear stress tc = 0.482 N/mm Satisfied
Hence, No shear reinforcement required. Provide nominal.
Provide 12 mm circular rings @ 125 mm c/c Diameter of ring (mm) 2520
(AP8)
Provide 12 mm Support bar @ 500 mm c/c (AP9)
12 @ 500 mm c/c (AP9) 32 @ 77 mm c/c (AP7)
32 @ 77 mm c/c (AP7)
12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP8)
12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP8) 6 no 12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP8)
12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP8)
12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP6A)

Design of Pier Foundation 1
2.1 Design of Pier
Section of Pier
A B 1.48
TPL 212
1
2.500 2.500 2.00
4.45
BPL 210.00
7.50
HFL 210 5
210.5
2.45 10.50
2.60
12.10 LBL 203
SBL 201 50
201.50
1.60 1.60
FBL 199.9
13.40 7.40
22 MSL 193.700
FL
177.9
This prelimanry section is defined by considering SBL = Stem Bottom Level

hydrological analysis and geotechnical recommendation FBL = Footing Bottom Level
MSL = Maximum Scour Level
Material Properties
N/mm
j 0.90
Pier_Foundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

IRC:21-2000, 303.2.1, Table 9,10
Levels
Maximum Scour level for Pier 203 m
Thickness of Pier cap (overall Thickness) 2 m
Top level of pier cap (TPL) 212
Top level of Footing (SBL) 201.5 m
Thickness of Bearing 0.5 m
Hence the total height of Pier H= 12.10 m
Unit weight of concrete conc
conc kN/m
24 kN/m
Degree
Angle between the wall and earth 0

Length of stem column (between the surfaces of the restrains) L= 10500 mm
Diameter of column D 2600 mm
Effective length of column (IRC:21-2000, 306.2.1) Le = 12600 mm
[ effective length factor 1.2 ]
Forces on the Pier at Impact Total Load Total Load CG of Load
Point from factor (absolute) (incl. impact) wrt center,
superstructure A B C (excl. impact) m
Distance from center -2.50 0.00 2.50
Dead Load (kN) 1 2140.00 0.00 2140.00 4280.00 4280.00 0.000
Live load (kN) 1.098 641.28 0.00 641.00 1282.28 1407.72 -0.001
Forces at bottom of Footing
Dead Load
Dead Load From Superstructure 8560 kN
Dead Load due to pier cap 702.00 kN
Dead Load of Pier Stem 1083.10 kN
D d lload
Dead d off ffooting
ti 3807.74 kN
Total Dead Load 14153 kN
Braking force = 20% of the weight of the design vehicle (Class A)
Height of deck surface from the pier cap= 3.3 m
Total weight of the IRC Class A vehicle = 700 kN
Therefore braking force length = 140 kN
Moment Due to Breaking Force 2324 kN-m
Volume of submerged part of pier = 127.11 m
Net upward force due to buyoncy = -1271.12 kN

Live Load
Live Load Excluding Impact = 2564.55 kN
which will act at eccentricity ('CG of Load wrt center) -0.001 m
Critical moment due to live load eccentricity -1.379375 kN-m
Frictional force due to resistance of bearings (temperature effect)
And this force acts along the bridge at 12.10 m from base
Moment due to temperature effect 1674.18 kN-m
(From S. Sir)
Force due to water current
Exposed height to water current 10.60 m
perimeter Area exposed 43.29 m
Maximum mean velocity m/sec 2.2
Maximum velocity, Sqrt(2)*V, (IRC:6-2000,213.3), V = 3.11
Shape factor for square end (IRC:6 2000 213
(IRC:6-2000, 2) K =
213.2), 0 66
0.66
Pressure intensity =0.5KV (IRC:6-2000, 213.2) = 3.1944
Hence force due to water current = 92.19 kN
Moment due to water current 977.24 kN-m
Seismic Forces on
Forces ((kN)) Lever Arm ((m)) Moment ((kN-m))
Superstructure: 1027.20 12.10 12429.12
Pier cap 105.30 11.10 1168.83
Pier stem 162.46 5.85 950.42
Footing 571.16 0.80 456.93
Total 1866.13 15005.30
Superstructure: 642.00
Pier cap 52.65
Pier stem 81.23
Footing 285.58
Total 1061.46

210.5 HFL
16.8
203 LBL
199.90 3.10 1.50
6.20
193.7 MSL
4.9 22
15.80
188.8 level of fixity
10.90
177 90
177.90 Foundation level
0.7
3.00
13.40
7.40
3.00 0.7
Length of Pile cap Along Brodge Axis = 7.40 m

Length of Pile Cap Across Bridge Axis = 13.40 m
Depth of Fixity from maximum Scour Level = 4.9 m
(IS 2911 part I section II, Appendix C, Adopting Max value)
Di
Diameter off Pil
Pile = 1m
Depth of Pile = 22.00 m
No of Pile in one row = (Along Bridge Axis) 3
No of Row = 5
Total No of Pile (n) = 15
Embedded length of Pile = 15.80
Thickness of Pile Cap = 1.60 m
IRC 78:2000 Cl 709.5
709 5 OK
Factor of Saftey FS = IRC 78:2000 Cl 709.3 2.5
offset of pile cap from the outer face of outermost pile = 0.20 m Ok
Center to center distance of the piles
Along Bridge Axis (Xi) = 3.00 m
Across Bridge Axis (Yi) = 3.00 m

Width of Pile Group (Outer Surface of The piles) along Axis (B) = 6.70 m
Width of Pile Group (Outer Surface of The piles) across Axis (L) = 6.70 m
2
Area Enclosed by pile Groups (Ag) = 44.89 m
Vertical load, Horizontal load along Horizont Moment along Moment
P traffic(Y-Y) al load traffic (Y-Y) across traffic
across (X-X)
traffic (X-
X)
Combination Factor
Live load 1 2564.55 -1.38
Total 16857.39 278.36 0.00 3998.18 -1.38
Non seismic forces
Live load 0.5 1282.28 -0.69
Frictional force 0.5 69.18 837.09
Seismic forces 1 1061.46 1866.13 1866.13 15005.30 15005.30
T l
Total 16566 58
16566.58 2005 31 1866.13
2005.31 1866 13 17004 39
17004.39 15004 61
15004.61
Live load 1 2564.55 -1.38
Buyoncy 1 -1271.12
Water Current 1 92.19
92 19 977.24
977 24
Total 15586.27 278.36 92.19 3998.18 975.86
Live load 0.5 1282.28 -0.69
Tractive/Braking force 0.5 70.00 70.00
Frictional force 0.5 69.18
Buyoncy 1 -1271.12 1674.18
Seismic forces 1 1061.46 1866.13 1866.13 15005.30 15005.30
Total 15295.46 2005.31 1958.32 16679.48 15981.85
Summary of Loads
Particular/Load cases Moment
Vertical Horizontal
Moment Along Axis (kN.m) Across Axix
force (kN) force (kN)
(kN.m)
Non Seismic case
Dry (comb. I) 16857.39 278.36 3998.18 -1.38
Flooded (comb. I-a) 15586.27 293.23 3998.18 975.86
Seismic case
Dry (comb. VI) 16566.58 2739.28 17004.39 15004.61
Flooded (comb VI-a) 15295.46 2802.90 16679.48 15981.85
Max Loads: 16857.39 2802.90 17004.39 15981.85

Maximum load on individual piles
Maximum and Minimum Load is given by
V max = [V/n] + (Mxx*Xmax)/ Xi + (Myy*Ymax)/ Yi
V min = [V/n] - (Mxx*Xmax)/ Xi - (Myy*Ymax)/ Yi
Moment of Inertia of Piles
Xi= 90.00 m
Yi= 270.00 m
Maximum Load will be on outermost pile
So, X max = 3.00
Y max = 6.00
Particular/Load cases Vertical Recommended Pile Capacity
Vmax Vmin H max
force (kN) from soil Investigation
Remark
Non Seismic case
Dry (comb. I) 16857.39 1257.07 990.58 18.56 1650 OK
Flooded (comb. I-a) 15586.27 1194.04 884.13 19.55 1650 OK
Seismic case
Dry (comb. VI) 16566.58 2004.69 204.19 182.62 2475 OK
Flooded (comb VI-a) 15295.46 1930.83 108.56 186.86 2475 OK
Design of Pile
N/mm
j 0.90
g moment coefficient
The resisting R 1.33
Cover 80 mm
Horizontal Force Per Pile Non Seismic 19.5 kN
Seismic 186.9 kN


2
Elasticity of Concrete, 2.74E+04 MN/m
Moment of Inertia, 4.91E-02 m4
Soil Type Cohensionless Soil
Calculation for Cohesionless Soil Calculation for Cohesive Soil
Calculate Not Applicable
3
h 5 MN/m3 k1 ((IS :2911/Part1/Sec2-2010/Table 4)) 20000 kN/m
(Table 3 IS 2911) K or h 4
Stiffness Factor T 3.06 m Relative Stiffness Factor, R 4.3 m
Embedded length of Pile (Le) 15.80 m Embedded length of pile, Le 15.80 m
L1 3.10 m L1 3.10 m
L1/T 1.0 L1/R 0.72
Lf/T 2 Lf/R 1.950
Lf 6.12 Lf 8.3 m
Moment MF
Fixed End Moment, 90 15
90.15 861 67 KNm
861.67
Reduction Factor, m 0.85 0.85 (IS :2911/Part1/Sec2-2010/Fig. 3, Fixed Head /Amendent)
Actual maximum moment, M 76.62 732.42 KNm
Maximum Axial Force (kN) 1257.07 2004.69
Design For Non Seismic Case
Sectional area of pile = (Ag) 785398.2 mm
Provide in one row
4
6.535E+10 mm
3
Ze = 2*Ie/D = 130690254 mm
Scc = P/Ae = 1.292 N/mm
S b = M/Z
Scb M/Ze = 0 586 N/mm
0.586 N/
(Scc/Sacc + Scb/Sacb) = 0.2308 <1
Satisfied
Seismic Case: (Scc/Sacc + Scb/Sacb) = 0.56 Satisfied
Provide 46 nos of 20 mm dia bars PLP1
2
Ast provided = 14452.00 mm ok
Lateral Ties
Minimum volume of lateral reinforcement per meter length of pile 0.3 %
3
2356194.49 mm
3
Volume of tie of 10 mm tie 207261.7 mm
Number of Ties per meter of pile = 12
& Spacing = 84.00 mm c/c PLP2

20 @ 46 Nos PLP1
10 @ 84 mmc/c PLP2
Design of Pile Cap

From Face
1.3
1.70
3.00
Bending Moment at the face of Column = 1271.63 kN-m

Neutral Axis Factor Xc [m*Scbc/m*Scbc+Sst] = 0.29
Moment of Resistance Factor R [Scbc/2*Z*Xc] = 1.33
Minimum Effective depth requireq deff_min
ff i [sqrt(M/R
[sqrt(M/R*b]
b] = 979 131 mm
979.131
Provided Over all Depth 1600.00 mm
So, effective actual depth deff 1525 mm Ok
2
Area of Reinforcement required Ast [M/Z*deff*Sst] = 3852.05 mm

Nos
Reinforcement Dia of Bar Spacing (mm) c/c provided Per meter Total Level
Tensile Reinforcement (Bottom) 25 120 9 62.00 PPC1+2
Bothway 112.00
Ast Provided (Bottom) 4417.86 mm > Ast required OK
Top Bar Min 0.12 % of gross area
Top Reinforcement
f Bothway 25 mm 120 mm c/c PPC3+4 Nos
Ast Provided (Top) 4090.62 mm 62 Re
0.26824 % OK 112
Check For Punching Stress
Depth of Section = 1600.00 mm
Allowable punching pressure, tau_p = ks(0.16*sqrt(fck))
Where, ks = the minimum of 1 and 0.5+bc = 1.0
bc = B/L = 1
2
So, allowable punching Stress tau_p = 0.876 N/mm
2
Punching stress developed = 0.20 N/mm
OK
Providing Nominal Chair Bar
10 dia @ 700 mm spacing PPC6
10 @ 700c/c PPC6
25 @ 120c/c PPC3 & PPC4
3 Nos 10 mm bar
Periphery PPC5
25 @ 120c/c
(PPC1 & PPC2)
20 @ 46 Nos PLP1
10 @ 84 mmc/c PLP2

Bar Bending Schedule
Bar Bending Schedule of Abutment Cap

Length( Unit Weight
Label Shape Dia Nos Weight(Kg)
m) (Kg)/m
AC1 10870 12 28 10.870 0.888 270.215
1770
AC2 835 10 62 5.310 0.617 203.351
2x50
600
Pitch 75 mm
AC3 500 bothways, 8 4 16.000 0.395 25.253
2 layers
Total 498.819
No of Abutment 2 Total Weight 997.638
Bar Bending Schedule of Abutment Stem

Unit
Length
Label Shape Dia Nos Weight Weight(Kg)
(m)
(Kg)/m
450
AS1 8750 25 110 9.650 3.853 4090.341
450
450
AS2 8750 20 85 9.65 2.466 2022.860
450
10870
AS3 900 900 16 56 23.540 1.578 2080.626
10870
Total 8193.827
Abutment Detailing Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Bar Bending Schedule of Abutment Back Wall

Unit
Length
(m)
(Kg)/m
250
AB1 4400 25 53 6.47 3.853 1321.356
570
1250
250
AB2
4600 20 43 5.42 2.466 574.761
570
10870
AB3
250 250 12 11 22.24 0.888 217.195
AB4 220 500 300 16 41 1.82 1.578 117.775
700
100
500
AB5
75 75 10 82 0.65 0.617 32.861
250
AB6 10 41 0.4 0.617 10.111
75 75
AB7 10920 20 1 10.92 2.466 26.930
AB8 10920 16 3 10.920 1.578 51.706
Total 2352.696

Bar Bending Schedule of Pile per Abutment / Pile Cap
Unit
Length
(m)
(Kg)/m
200
APL1
21350 25.00 360.00 21.6 3.853 29894.365
APL2
50 10.00 3840.00 2.74 0.617 6484.447
dia = 840
APC1 1350 1350 25 112 10.0 3.853 4294.184

7250
APC2 1350 1350 25 62 15.9 3.853 3805.809

13230
APC3 1350 7250 1350 25 112 10.0 3.853 4294.184
APC4 1350 13230 1350 25 62 15.93 3.853 3805.809
7270
13230
0.617 77.314
APC5 10 3 41.8
200
18 nos
200 400 200
APC6 10 22 34.32 0.617 465.511
1316.0
400 19 nos
bothway @ spacing 700.00 mm c/c
Total 53121.623
No of Cap 2 Total Weight 106243.25

Bar Bending Schedule of Pier Cap

Unit
Weight(K
Label Shape Dia Nos Length Weight
g)
(Kg)/m
AP1 400 7340 400 32 25 8.14 6.321 1286.40
AP2 400 400

25 23 8.54 3.858 757.84
2600 2570
4290
8 Legs
AP3 Average H= 16 59 19.300 1.580 1799.54
840 1840
AP4 Averaage 2520 7340 16 5 53.56 1.578 422.678
4370 10 nos
AP5 7340 12 75 7.34 0.888 488.742
AP6 7340 32 24 7.34 6.313 1112.159
Total 5867.3631
No of Pier 9 Total Weight 52806.268
Pier Detailing Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Bar Bending Schedule of Pier Stem

Unit
Weight(K
Label Shape Dia Nos Length Weight
g)
(Kg)/m
AP7 11100 32 100 11.5 6.321 7269.60
400
150
AP8 12 68 8.217 0.889 496.69

Dia = 2520
AP9 50 2544 12 34 2.644 0.889 79.91

Total 7846.1998

Bar Bending Schedule of Pile per Abutment / Pile Cap

Unit
Length Weight
Label Shape Dia Nos Weight
(m) (Kg)
(Kg)/m
200
PLP1
23460 20.00 690.00 23.7 2.466 40260.89
PLP2
50 10.00 4220.00 2.74 0.617 7126.137
dia = 840
PPC1 1450 1450 25 112 10.15 3.853 4380.50

7250
PPC2 1450 1450 25 62 16.13 3.853 3853.59

13230
PPC3 1450 7250 1450 25 112 10.15 3.853 4380.50
PPC4 1450 13230 1450 25 112 16.13 3.853 6961.33
7300
PPC5 10 3 41.56 0.617 76.87
13280
2200
19 nos
200 400 200
APC6 10 22 36.32 0.617 492.64
1416
400 18 nos
bothway @ spacing 700.00 mm c/c
Total 67532.449

Bridge Abutment Pier Design As Per IRC

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Bridge Abutment Pier Design As Per IRC

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Design Abutment Foundation Page 1

2.0 Design of Substructure

3.5 0.00 210.5 HFL

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Hence, area of distribution bars = 16139.932 mm

2.1.2 Design of Abutment Cap

Where ks is minimum of 1 and 0.5 + bc and bc = B/L 1

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Summary of reinforcement of abutment Cap Section

12 @ 175 mmc/c AC1

10 @ 175 mmc/c AC2

12 @ 175 mmc/c AC1 8mm 2 layers of bar mesh AC3

2.1.3 Design of Back Wall/DirtWall

Critical neutral axis, xc = Scbc*deff/((Sst/m)+Scbc) 94.85 mm

Required area of tensile steel (M/Z*Sst) = 13420.09 mm

So, No of main bar 28 @ spaicng 405 mm c/c >300 mm

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

12 @ 300 mmc/c AB3

3.5 0 210.5 HFL

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

183.10 Foundation level

Length of Pile cap Along Brodge Axis = 7.40 m

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Non Seismic case

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Elasticity of Concrete, 2.74E+04 MN/m2

Non Seismic Case Seismic Case

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Design of Pile Cap (Assumed Maximum Loaded Pile at outermost edge)

Bending Moment at the face stem = 1325.2 kN-m

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Summary of reinforcement of Pile Cap and Pile Section

10 @ 700c/c APC6 25 @ 120c/c APC3&APC4

Abutment_openFoundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

This prelimanry section is defined by considering SBL = Stem Bottom Level

Pier_CAP+STEM Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Pier_CAP+STEM Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Pier_CAP+STEM Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

32 @ 180 mm c/c AP6 Summary of reinforcement of Pier Cap

25 @ 200 mm c/c AP2

Design of Pier Stem

Length of stem column (between the surfaces of the restrains) L= 10500 mm

Pier_CAP+STEM Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Pier_CAP+STEM Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Pier_CAP+STEM Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

12 @ 500 mm c/c (AP9) 32 @ 77 mm c/c (AP7)

12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP8)

12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP8) 6 no 12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP8)

12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP8)

12 @ 125 mm c/c (AP6A)

This prelimanry section is defined by considering SBL = Stem Bottom Level

Pier_Foundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Angle between the wall and earth 0

Pier_Foundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls

Pier_Foundation Rapti Bridge Design 5_3_Pile.xls