http://en.wikipedia.

org/wiki/Convex_uniform_honeycomb

Panales Uniformes Convexos

In geometry, a convex uniform honeycomb is a uniform space-filling tessellation in three-
dimensional Euclidean space with non-overlapping convex uniform polyhedral cells.

Twenty-eight such honeycombs exist:

• the familiar cubic honeycomb and 7 truncations thereof;

• the alternated cubic honeycomb and 4 truncations thereof;
• 10 prismatic forms based on the uniform plane tilings (11 if including the cubic
honeycomb);
• 5 modifications of some of the above by elongation and/or gyration.

They can be considered the three-dimensional analogue to the uniform tilings of the plane.

Contents
• 1 History
o 1.1 Names
• 2 Compact Euclidean uniform tessellations (by their infinite Coxeter group families)
o 2.1 The C~3, [4,3,4] group (cubic)
o 2.2 B~4, h[4,3,4], [4,31,1] group
o 2.3 A~3 group
o 2.4 Nonwythoffian forms (gyrated and elongated)
o 2.5 Prismatic stacks
 2.5.1 The C~2xI~1(∞), [4,4] x [∞], prismatic group
 2.5.2 The H~2xI~1(∞), [6,3] x [∞] prismatic group
o 2.6 Examples
• 3 Noncompact forms
• 4 Hyperbolic forms
o 4.1 [3,5,3] family
o 4.2 [5,3,4] family
o 4.3 [5,3,5] family
o 4.4 [5,31,1] family
o 4.5 [4,3,3,3:] family
o 4.6 [5,3,3,3:] family
o 4.7 [4,3,4,3:] family
o 4.8 [4,3,5,3:] family
o 4.9 [5,3,5,3:] family
• 5 Notes
 • 6 References

• 7 External links

History
• 1900: Thorold Gosset enumerated the list of semiregular convex polytopes with
regular cells (Platonic solids) in his publication On the Regular and Semi-Regular
Figures in Space of n Dimensions, including one regular cubic honeycomb, and two
semiregular forms with tetrahedra and octahedra.
• 1905: Alfredo Andreini enumerated 25 of these tessellations.
• 1991: Norman Johnson's manuscript Uniform Polytopes identified the complete list
of 28.
• 1994: Branko Grünbaum, in his paper Uniform tilings of 3-space, also
independently enumerated all 28, after discovering errors in Andreini's publication.
He found the 1905 paper, which listed 25, had 1 wrong, and 4 being missing.
Grünbaum also states that I. Alexeyev of Russia also independently enumerated
these forms around the same time.
• 2006: George Olshevsky, in his manuscript Uniform Panoploid Tetracombs, along
with repeating the derived list of 11 convex uniform tilings, and 28 convex uniform
honeycombs, expands a further derived list of 143 convex uniform tetracombs
(Honeycombs of uniform polychorons in 4-space).

Only 14 of the convex uniform polyhedra appear in these patterns:

• three of the five Platonic solids,

• six of the thirteen Archimedean solids, and
• five of the infinite family of prisms.

Names

This set can be called the regular and semiregular honeycombs. It has been called the
Archimedean honeycombs by analogy with the convex uniform (non-regular) polyhedra,
commonly called Archimedean solids. Recently Conway has suggested naming the set as
the Architectonic tessellations and the dual honeycombs as the Catoptric tessellations.

The individual honeycombs are listed with names given to them by Norman Johnson.
(Some of the terms used below are defined in Uniform polychoron#Geometric derivations.)

For cross-referencing, they are given with list indices from [A]ndreini (1-22), [W]illiams(1-
2,9-19), [J]ohnson (11-19, 21-25, 31-34, 41-49, 51-52, 61-65), and [G]runbaum(1-28).

Compact Euclidean uniform tessellations (by their

infinite Coxeter group families)
Fundamental domains in a cubic element of three groups.

The fundamental infinite Coxeter groups for 3-space are:

1. The C~3, [4,3,4], cubic, (8 unique forms plus one alternation)

2. The B~3, [4,31,1], alternated cubic, (11 forms, 3 new)

3. The A~3 cyclic group, (5 forms, one new)

In addition there are 5 special honeycombs which don't have pure reflectional symmetry
and are constructed from reflectional forms with elongation and gyration operations.

The total unique honeycombs above are 18.

The prismatic stacks from infinite Coxeter groups for 3-space are:

1. The C~2xI~1, [4,4]x[∞] prismatic group, (2 new forms)

2. The H~2xI~1, [6,3]x[∞] prismatic group, (7 unique forms)

3. The A~2xI~1, [Δ]x[∞] prismatic group, (No new forms)

4. The I~1xI~1xI~1, [∞]x[∞]x[∞] prismatic group, (These all become a
cubic honeycomb)

In addition there is one special elongated form of the triangular prismatic honeycomb.

The total unique prismatic honeycombs above (excluding the cubic counted previously) are
10.

Combining these counts, 18 and 10 gives us the total 28 uniform honeycombs.

The C~3, [4,3,4] group (cubic)

The regular cubic honeycomb, represented by Schläfli symbol {4,3,4}, offers seven unique
derived uniform honeycombs via truncation operations. (One redundant form, the
runcinated cubic honeycomb, is included for completeness though identical to the cubic
honeycomb.)

Honeycomb Cell counts/vertex

name and positions in cubic
Reference Coxeter- honeycomb
Indices Dynkin (1) (2)
(0) (3) Solids Frames
and Schläfli Vertex figure
(Partial) (Perspective)
symbols

J11,15 (8)
cubic
A1
W1
t0{4,3,4} (4.4.4)
G22
octahedron
J12,32 (2) (4)
rectified cubic
A15
W14
t1{4,3,4} (3.3.3.3) (3.4.3.4)
G7
cuboid

J13 truncated (1) (4)

A14 cubic
W15
G8 t0,1{4,3,4} (3.3.3.3) (3.8.8) square
pyramid
J14 cantellated (1) (2) (2)
A17 cubic
W12
G9 t0,2{4,3,4} (3.4.3.4) (4.4.4) (3.4.4.4)
wedge
runcinated
cubic (1) (3) (3) (1)
(same as
J11,15
regular cubic)
(4.4.4) (4.4.4) (4.4.4) (4.4.4)
octahedron
t0,3{4,3,4}
J16 bitruncated (2) (2)
A3 cubic
W2
G28 (4.6.6) (4.6.6)
t1,2{4,3,4}
 (disphenoid
tetrahedron)

J17 cantitruncated (1) (1) (2)

A18 cubic
W13
G25 t0,1,2{4,3,4} (4.6.6) (4.4.4) (4.6.8) irregular
tetrahedron

J18 runcitruncated (1) (1) (2) (1)

A19 cubic
W19 oblique
G20 t0,1,3{4,3,4} (3.4.4.4) (4.4.4) (4.4.8) (3.8.8) trapezoidal
pyramid

J19 omnitruncated (1) (1) (1) (1)

A22 cubic
W18
G27 t0,1,2,3{4,3,4} (4.6.8) (4.4.8) (4.4.8) (4.6.8) irregular
tetrahedron
J21,31,51 alternated (6) (8)
A2 cubic
W9
G1 h0{4,3,4} (3.3.3.3) (3.3.3)
cuboctahedron

B~4, h[4,3,4], [4,31,1] group

The B~4 group offers 11 derived forms via truncation operations, four being unique uniform
honeycombs.

The honeycombs from this group are called alternated cubic because the first form can be
seen as a cubic honeycomb with alternate vertices removed, reducing cubic cells to
tetrahedra and creating octahedron cells in the gaps.

Nodes are indexed left to right as 0,1,0',3 with 0' being below and interchangeable with 0.
The alternate cubic names given are based on this ordering.

Honeycomb Cells by location

name (and count around each vertex)
Referenced Solids Frames
Coxeter- (0) (1) (0') (3) vertex figure
indices (Partial) (Perspective)
Dynkin
diagram
J21,31,51
A2 alternated cubic
(6) (8)
W9 (3.3.3.3) (3.3.3)
G1
cuboctahedron
J22,34 truncated
A21 alternated cubic (1) (2) (2)
W17 (3.4.3.4) (4.6.6) (3.6.6)
G10
J12,32 rectified cubic
A15 (rectified
alternate cubic) (2) (2) (2)
W14 (3.4.3.4) (3.4.3.4) (3.3.3.3)
G7
cuboid
J12,32 rectified cubic
A15 (cantellated
alternate cubic) (1) (1) (4)
W14 (3.3.3.3) (3.3.3.3) (3.4.3.4)
G7 cuboid
bitruncated
J16 cubic
A3 (cantitruncated (1) (1) (2)
W2 alternate cubic) (4.6.6) (4.6.6) (4.6.6)
G28 isosceles
tetrahedron

J13 truncated cubic

A14 (bicantellated
alternate cubic) (2) (2) (1)
W15 (3.8.8) (3.8.8) (3.3.3.3)
G8 square
pyramid
J11,15 cubic
A1 (trirectified
alternate cubic) (4) (4)
W1 (4.4.4) (4.4.4)
G22
octahedron
J23 runcinated
A16 alternated cubic (1) (3) (1)
W11 cube (3.4.4.4) (3.3.3)
G5

J14 cantellated cubic

A17 (runcicantellated (2
alternate cubic) (1) (1) (1)
W12 )
(3.4.4.4) (3.4.4.4) (3.4.3.4)
G9 (4.4.4)
wedge
 cantitruncated
J24 alternated cubic
A20 (or
runcitruncated (1) (2) (1)
W16 (3.8.8) (4.6.8) (3.6.6)
G21 alternate cubic)

cantitruncated
J17 cubic
A18 (omnitruncated (1) (1) (1) (1)
W13 alternated cubic) (4.6.8) (4.4.4) (4.6.8) (4.6.6)
G25 irregular
tetrahedron

[edit] A~3 group

There are 5 forms constructed from the A~3 group, only the quarter cubic honeycomb is
unique.

Honeycomb Cells by location

name (and count around each vertex)
Referenced Solids Frames
Coxeter- (0) (1) (2) (3) vertex figure
indices (Partial) (Perspective)
Dynkin
diagram
J21,31,51 alternated
A2 cubic (4) (6) (4)
W9 (3.3.3) (3.3.3.3) (3.3.3)
G1
cuboctahedron
J12,32 rectified
A15 cubic (2) (1) (2) (1)
W14 (3.4.3.4) (3.3.3.3) (3.4.3.4) (3.3.3.3)
G7
cuboid

J25,33 quarter
A13 cubic (1) (1) (3) (3)
W10 (3.3.3) (3.3.3) (3.6.6) (3.6.6) Elongated
G6
triangular
antiprism
J22,34 truncated
A21 alternated (1) (1) (1) (2)
W17 cubic (3.6.6) (3.4.3.4) (3.6.6) (4.6.6)
G10
Rectangular
 pyramid

J16 bitruncated
A3 cubic (1) (1) (1) (1)
W2 (4.6.6) (4.6.6) (4.6.6) (4.6.6)
G28 isosceles
tetrahedron

Nonwythoffian forms (gyrated and elongated)

Three more uniform honeycombs are generated by breaking one or another of the above
honeycombs where its faces form a continuous plane, then rotating alternate layers by 60 or
90 degrees (gyration) and/or inserting a layer of prisms (elongation).

The elongated and gyroelongated alternated cubic tilings have the same vertex figure, but
are not alike. In the elongated form, each prism meets a tetrahedron at one triangular end
and an octahedron at the other. In the gyroelongated form, prisms that meet tetrahedra at
both ends alternate with prisms that meet octahedra at both ends.

The gyroelongated triangular prismatic tiling has the same vertex figure as one of the plain
prismatic tilings; the two may be derived from the gyrated and plain triangular prismatic
tilings, respectively, by inserting layers of cubes.

cell types
Referenced Honeycomb Solids Frames
symbol (# at each vertex figure
indices name (Partial) (Perspective)
vertex)

tetrahedron
J52 gyrated
(8)
A2' h{4,3,4}:g alternated
octahedron
G2 cubic
(6) triangular
orthobicupola
triangular
prism (6)
J61 gyroelongated
tetrahedron
A? h{4,3,4}:ge alternated -
(4)
G3 cubic
octahedron
(3)
triangular
prism (6)
J62 elongated
tetrahedron
A? h{4,3,4}:e alternated
(4)
G4 cubic
octahedron
(3)
J63 gyrated
{3,6}:g x triangular
A? triangular
{∞} prism (12)
G12 prismatic

J64 gyroelongated triangular

{3,6}:ge x
A? triangular prism (6)
{∞}
G15 prismatic cube (4)

[edit] Prismatic stacks

Eleven prismatic tilings are obtained by stacking the eleven uniform plane tilings, shown
below, in parallel layers. (One of these honeycombs is the cubic, shown above.) The vertex
figure of each is an irregular bipyramid whose faces are isosceles triangles.

[edit] The C~2xI~1(∞), [4,4] x [∞], prismatic group

There's only 3 unique honeycombs from the square tiling, but all 6 tiling truncations are
listed below for completeness, and tiling images are shown by colors corresponding to each
form.

Coxeter-
Dynkin Plane Solids
Indices Honeycomb name Tiling
and Schläfli tiling (Partial)
symbols

J11,15
Cubic
A1 (4.4.4.4)
{4,4} x {∞} (Square prismatic)
G22

J45
Truncated/Bitruncated square
A6 (4.8.8)
t0,1{4,4} x prismatic
G24
{∞}

J11,15
Cubic
A1 (4.4.4.4)
t1{4,4} x {∞} (Rectified square prismatic)
G22

J11,15
Cubic
A1 (4.4.4.4)
t0,2{4,4} x (Cantellated square prismatic)
G22
{∞}
J45 Truncated square prismatic
A6 (Omnitruncated square (4.8.8)
G24 t0,1,2{4,4} x prismatic)
{∞}

J44
A11 Snub square prismatic (3.3.4.3.4)
G14 s{4,4} x {∞}

[edit] The H~2xI~1(∞), [6,3] x [∞] prismatic group

Coxeter-
Dynkin Plane Solids
Indices Honeycomb name Tiling
and Schläfli tiling (Partial)
symbols

J42
A5 Hexagonal prismatic (63)
t0{6,3} x {∞}
G26

J46
A7 Truncated hexagonal prismatic (3.12.12)
t0,1{6,3} x {∞}
G19

J43
A8 Trihexagonal prismatic (3.6.3.6)
t1{6,3} x {∞}
G18

J42 Truncated triangular

A5 prismatic (6.6.6)
t1,2{6,3} x {∞}
G26 Hexagonal prismatic

J41
A4 Triangular prismatic (36)
t2{6,3} x {∞}
G11

J47
Rhombi-trihexagonal
A9 (3.4.6.4)
t0,2{6,3} x {∞} prismatic
G16
J49
Omnitruncated trihexagonal
A10 t0,1,2{6,3} x (4.6.12)
prismatic
G23 {∞}

J48
A12 Snub trihexagonal prismatic (3.3.3.3.6)
s{6,3} x {∞}
G17

J65
A11' {3,6}:e x {∞} elongated triangular prismatic (3.3.3.4.4)
G13

[edit] Examples

All 28 of these tessellations are found in crystal arrangements.[citation needed]

The alternated cubic honeycomb is of special importance since its vertices form a cubic
close-packing of spheres. The space-filling truss of packed octahedra and tetrahedra was
apparently first discovered by Alexander Graham Bell and independently re-discovered by
Buckminster Fuller (who called it the octet truss and patented it in the 1940s). [2] [3] [4]
[5]. Octet trusses are now among the most common types of truss used in construction.

[edit] Noncompact forms

If cells are allowed to be uniform tilings, more uniform honeycombs can be defined:

Families:

• C~2xA1: [4,4]x[ ] Cubic prismatic slab honeycomb (3 forms)

• H~2xA1: [6,3]x[ ] Tri-hexagonal prismatic slab honeycomb (8 forms)

• A~2xA1: [Δ]x[ ] triangular prismatic slab (No new forms)

~
• I 1xA1xA1: [∞]x[ ]x[ ] = Cubic column honeycomb (1 form)
• I2(p)xI~1: [p]x[∞] Prismatic column honeycomb
~ ~
• I 1xI 1xA1: [∞]x[∞]x[ ] = [4,4]x[ ] - = (Same as cubic slab
honeycomb family)
Examples (partially drawn): Cubic slab honeycomb and Alternated hexagonal slab
honeycomb.

[edit] Hyperbolic forms

There are 9 Coxeter group families of compact uniform honeycombs in hyperbolic 3-space,
generated as Wythoff constructions, and represented by ring permutations of the Coxeter-
Dynkin diagrams for each family.

From these 9 families, there are a total of 76 unique honeycombs generated:

1. [3,5,3] :
2. [5,3,4] :
3. [5,3,5] :

4. [5,31,1] :

5. [4,3,3,3:] :

6. [4,3,4,3:] :

7. [5,3,3,3:] :

8. [5,3,4,3:] :

9. [5,3,5,3:] :

The full list of hyperbolic uniform honeycombs has not been proven and an unknown
number of non-wythoffian exist. One known example is given with the {3,5,3} family
below.

[edit] [3,5,3] family

There are 9 forms, generated by ring permutations of the Coxeter group: [3,5,3] or

One related non-wythoffian form is constructed from the {3,5,3} vertex figure with 4
(tetrahedrally arranged) vertices removed, creating pentagonal antiprisms and dodecahedra
filling in the gaps.[1]

# Honeycomb Cell counts/vertex

 name and positions in honeycomb
Coxeter-Dynkin 1 2
0 3
and Schläfli Vertex figure picture
symbols

icosahedral (20)
(Regular)
1
t0{3,5,3} (3.3.3.3.3)

rectified (2) (3)

icosahedral
2
t1{3,5,3} (5.5.5) (3.5.3.5)

truncated (1) (3)

icosahedral
3
t0,1{3,5,3} (5.5.5) (4.6.6)

cantellated (1) (2) (2)

icosahedral
4
t0,2{3,5,3} (3.5.3.5) (4.4.3) (3.5.4.5)

Runcinated (1) (5) (5) (1)

icosahedral
5
t0,3{3,5,3} (3.3.3.3.3) (4.4.3) (4.4.3) (3.3.3.3.3)

bitruncated (2) (2)

icosahedral
6
t1,2{3,5,3} (3.10.10) (3.10.10)

cantitruncated (1) (1) (2)

icosahedral
7
t0,1,2{3,5,3} (3.10.10) (4.4.3) (4.6.10)

8 runcitruncated (1) (1) (2) (1)

icosahedral
 t0,1,3{3,5,3} (3.5.4.5) (4.4.3) (4.4.6) (4.6.6)

omnitruncated (1) (1) (1) (1)

icosahedral
9
t0,1,2,3{3,5,3} (4.6.10) (4.4.6) (4.4.6) (4.6.10)

partially (4) (12)

truncated
[77]
icosahedral
pt{3,5,3} (5.5.5) (3.3.3.5)

[edit] [5,3,4] family

There are 15 forms, generated by ring permutations of the Coxeter group: [5,3,4] or

Cells by location and count per

Name of vertex
honeycomb
# 1 Vertex figure Picture
Coxeter-Dynkin 0 2 3
diagram

(8)
order-4
dodecahedral
10 - - -
(Regular)
(5.5.5)
(2) (4)
Rectified order-4
11 dodecahedral - -

(3.3.3.3) (3.5.3.5)
(5) (2)
Rectified order-5
12 cubic - -

(3.4.3.4) (3.3.3.3.3)
(20)
order-5 cubic
13 (Regular) - - -

(4.4.4)
 (1) (4)
Truncated order-4
14 dodecahedral - -

(3.3.3.3) (3.10.10)
(2) (2)
Bitruncated order-5
15 cubic - -

(4.6.6) (5.6.6)
(5) (1)
Truncated order-5
16 cubic - -

(3.8.8) (3.3.3.3.3)
(1) (2) (2)
Cantellated order-4
17 dodecahedral -

(3.4.3.4) (4.4.4) (3.4.5.4)

(2) (2) (1)
Cantellated order-5
18 cubic -

(3.4.4.4) (4.4.5) (3.5.3.5)

(1) (3) (1)
Runcinated order-5 (3)
19 cubic
(4.4.4)
(4.4.4) (4.4.5) (5.5.5)
(1) (2)
Cantitruncated (1)
order-4
20 -
dodecahedral
(4.4.4)
(4.6.6) (4.6.10)
(2) (1) (1)
Cantitruncated
21 order-5 cubic -

(4.6.8) (4.4.5) (5.6.6)

 (1) (2) (1)
Runcitruncated (1)
order-4
22
dodecahedral
(4.4.4)
(3.4.4.4) (4.4.10) (3.10.10)
(2)
(1) (1) (1)
Runcitruncated
23 order-5 cubic

(3.8.8) (4.4.5) (3.4.5.4)

(4.4.8)
(1)
(1) (1) (1)
Omnitruncated
24 order-5 cubic

(4.6.8) (4.4.10) (4.6.10)

(4.4.8)

[edit] [5,3,5] family

There are 9 forms, generated by ring permutations of the Coxeter group: [5,3,5] or

Cells by location and count per

Name of honeycomb vertex
# Vertex figure
Coxeter-Dynkin diagram 0 1 2 3

(20)
Order-5 dodecahedral
25
t0{5,3,5}
(5.5.5)

(2) (5)
rectified order-5 dodecahedral
26
t1{5,3,5}
(3.3.3.3.3) (3.5.3.5)

(1) (5)
truncated order-5 dodecahedral
27
t0,1{5,3,5}
(3.3.3.3.3) (3.10.10)
 cantellated order-5 (1) (2) (2)
dodecahedral
28
t0,2{5,3,5} (3.5.3.5) (4.4.5) (3.5.4.5)

Runcinated order-5 (1) (3) (3) (1)

dodecahedral
29
t0,3{5,3,5} (5.5.5) (4.4.5) (4.4.5) (5.5.5)

bitruncated order-5 (2) (2)

dodecahedral
30
t1,2{5,3,5} (4.6.6) (4.6.6)

cantitruncated order-5 (1) (1) (2)

dodecahedral
31
t0,1,2{5,3,5} (4.6.6) (4.4.5) (4.6.10)

runcitruncated order-5 (1) (1) (2) (1)

dodecahedral
32
t0,1,3{5,3,5} (3.5.4.5) (4.4.5) (4.4.10) (3.10.10)

omnitruncated order-5 (1) (1) (1) (1)

dodecahedral
33
t0,1,2,3{5,3,5} (4.6.10) (4.4.10) (4.4.10) (4.6.10)

[edit] [5,31,1] family

There are 11 forms (4 of which are not seen above), generated by ring permutations of the

Coxeter group: [5,31,1] or

Cells by location
Honeycomb name (and count around each vertex)
# Coxeter-Dynkin 0 1 0' 3 vertex figure Picture
diagram
 alternated order-5 (12) (20)
34 cubic

(3.3.3.3) (3.3.3)

truncated alternated (1) (2) (2)

35 order-5 cubic

(3.5.3.5) (5.6.6) (3.6.6)

rectified order-4
dodecahedral (2) (2) (2)
[11] (rectified alternated
order-5 cubic)
(3.5.3.5) (3.5.3.5) (3.3.3.3)

rectified order-5
cubic (1) (1) (5)
(cantellated
[12] alternated order-5
cubic) (3.3.3.3.3) (3.3.3.3.3) (3.4.3.4)

bitruncated order-5
cubic (1) (1) (2)
(cantitruncated
[15] alternated order-5
cubic) (5.6.6) (5.6.6) (4.6.6)

truncated order-4
dodecahedral (2) (2) (1)
(bicantellated
[14] alternated order-5
cubic) (3.10.10) (3.10.10) (3.3.3.3)

Order-4
dodecahedral (4) (4)
(trirectified
[10] alternated order-5
cubic) (5.5.5) (5.5.5)
 runcinated alternated (1) (3) (1)
36 order-5 cubic

(3.3.3) (3.4.4.4) (3.3.3)

cantellated order-4
dodecahedral (1) (2) (1) (1)
(runcicantellated
[17] alternated order-5
cubic) (3.4.5.4) (4.4.4) (3.4.5.4) (3.4.3.4)

runcitruncated (1) (2) (1)

alternated order-5
37 cubic
(3.10.10) (4.6.10) (3.6.6)

cantitruncated order-
4 dodecahedral (1) (1) (1)
(omnitruncated (1)
[20] alternated order-5
cubic) (4.4.4)
(4.6.10) (4.6.10) (4.6.6)

[edit] [4,3,3,3:] family

There are 9 forms, generated by ring permutations of the Coxeter group:

Cells by location
Honeycomb name (and count around each vertex)
# Coxeter-Dynkin 0 1 2 3 vertex figure
diagram

(4) (4) (6)

38 -
(3.3.3) (4.4.4) (3.4.3.4)

(12) (8) (8)

39 -
(3.3.3.3) (3.3.3) (3.3.3.3)
 (3) (1) (1) (3)
40
(3.6.6) (3.3.3) (4.4.4) (4.6.6)

(1) (1) (3) (3)

41
(3.3.3) (3.3.3) (3.8.8) (3.8.8)

(4) (4) (1) (1)

42
(3.6.6) (3.6.6) (3.3.3.3) (3.3.3.3)

(1) (2) (1) (2)

43
(3.3.3.3) (3.4.3.4) (3.4.3.4) (3.4.4.4)

(1) (1) (1) (2)

44
(3.6.6) (3.4.3.4) (3.8.8) (4.6.8)

(2) (1) (1) (1)

45
(4.6.6) (3.6.6) (3.4.4.4) (4.6.6)

(1) (1) (1) (1)

46
(4.6.6) (4.6.6) (4.6.8) (4.6.8)

[edit] [5,3,3,3:] family

There are 9 forms, generated by ring permutations of the Coxeter group:

# Honeycomb name Cells by location vertex figure

Coxeter-Dynkin (and count around each vertex)
 0 1 2 3
diagram

(4) (4) (6)

47 -
(3.3.3) (5.5.5) (3.5.3.5)

(30) (20) (12)

48 -
(3.3.3.3) (3.3.3) (3.3.3.3.3)

(3) (1) (1) (3)

49
(3.6.6) (3.3.3) (5.5.5) (5.6.6)

(1) (1) (3) (3)

50
(3.3.3) (3.3.3) (3.10.10) (3.10.10)

(5) (5) (1) (1)

51
(3.6.6) (3.6.6) (3.3.3.3.3) (3.3.3.3.3)

(1) (2) (1) (2)

52
(3.3.3.3) (3.4.3.4) (3.5.3.5) (3.4.5.4)

(1) (1) (1) (2)

53
(3.6.6) (3.4.3.4) (3.10.10) (4.6.10)

(2) (1) (1) (1)

54
(4.6.6) (3.6.6) (3.4.5.4) (5.6.6)
 (1) (1) (1) (1)
55
(4.6.6) (4.6.6) (4.6.10) (4.6.10)

[edit] [4,3,4,3:] family

There are 6 forms, generated by ring permutations of the Coxeter group:

Cells by location
Honeycomb name (and count around each vertex)
# Coxeter-Dynkin 0 1 2 3 vertex figure
diagram

(6) (8) (12)

56 -
(3.3.3.3) (4.4.4) (3.4.3.4)

(3) (1) (1) (3)

57
(4.6.6) (4.4.4) (4.4.4) (4.6.6)

(1) (1) (3) (3)

58
(3.3.3.3) (3.3.3.3) (3.8.8) (3.8.8)

(1) (2) (1) (2)

59
(3.4.3.4) (3.4.4.4) (3.4.3.4) (3.4.4.4)

(1) (1) (1) (2)

60
(4.6.6) (3.4.4.4) (3.8.8) (4.6.8)
 (1) (1) (1) (1)
61
(4.6.8) (4.6.8) (4.6.8) (4.6.8)

[edit] [4,3,5,3:] family

There are 9 forms, generated by ring permutations of the Coxeter group:

Cells by location
Honeycomb name (and count around each vertex)
# Coxeter-Dynkin 0 1 2 3 vertex figure
diagram

(6) (8) (1)

62 -
(3.3.3.3) (5.5.5) (3.5.3.5)

(30) (20) (12)

63 -
(3.4.3.4) (4.4.4) (3.3.3.3.3)

(3) (1) (1) (3)

64
(4.6.6) (4.4.4) (5.5.5) (5.6.6)

(1) (1) (4) (4)

65
(3.3.3.3) (3.3.3.3) (3.10.10) (3.10.10)

(5) (5) (1) (1)

66
(3.8.8) (3.8.8) (3.3.3.3.3) (3.3.3.3.3)
 (1) (2) (1) (2)
67
(3.4.3.4) (3.4.4.4) (3.5.3.5) (3.4.5.4)

(1) (1) (1) (2)

68
(4.6.6) (3.4.4.4) (3.10.10) (4.6.10)

(2) (1) (1) (1)

69
(4.6.8) (3.8.8) (3.4.5.4) (5.6.6)

(1) (1) (1) (1)

70
(4.6.8) (4.6.8) (4.6.10) (4.6.10)

[edit] [5,3,5,3:] family

There are 6 forms, generated by ring permutations of the Coxeter group:

Cells by location
Honeycomb name (and count around each vertex)
# Coxeter-Dynkin 0 1 2 3 vertex figure
diagram

(12) (20) (30)

71 -
(3.3.3.3.3) (5.5.5) (3.5.3.5)

(3) (1) (1) (3)

72
(5.6.6) (5.5.5) (5.5.5) (5.6.6)
 (1) (1) (3) (3)
73
(3.3.3.3.3) (3.3.3.3.3) (3.10.10) (3.10.10)

(1) (2) (1) (2)

74
(3.5.3.5) (3.4.5.4) (3.5.3.5) (3.4.5.4)

(1) (1) (1) (2)

75
(5.6.6) (3.4.5.4) (3.10.10) (4.6.10)

(1) (1) (1) (1)

76
(4.6.10) (4.6.10) (4.6.10) (4.6.10)

[edit] Notes
1. ^ Wendy Y. Krieger, Walls and bridges: The view from six dimensions, Symmetry:
Culture and Science Volume 16, Number 2, pages 171-192 (2005) [1]

[edit] References
• George Olshevsky, Uniform Panoploid Tetracombs, Manuscript (2006) (Complete
list of 11 convex uniform tilings, 28 convex uniform honeycombs, and 143 convex
uniform tetracombs)
• Branko Grünbaum, Uniform tilings of 3-space. Geombinatorics 4(1994), 49 - 56.
• Norman Johnson Uniform Polytopes, Manuscript (1991)
• Williams, Robert (1979). The Geometrical Foundation of Natural Structure: A
Source Book of Design. Dover Publications, Inc. ISBN 0-486-23729-X.
• Critchlow, Keith (1970). Order in Space: A design source book. Viking Press.
ISBN 0-500-34033-1.
• Kaleidoscopes: Selected Writings of H.S.M. Coxeter, edited by F. Arthur Sherk,
Peter McMullen, Anthony C. Thompson, Asia Ivic Weiss, Wiley-Interscience
Publication, 1995, ISBN 978-0-471-01003-6 [6]
 o (Paper 22) H.S.M. Coxeter, Regular and Semi Regular Polytopes I, [Math.
Zeit. 46 (1940) 380-407, MR 2,10] (1.9 Uniform space-fillings)
• A. Andreini, Sulle reti di poliedri regolari e semiregolari e sulle corrispondenti reti
correlative (On the regular and semiregular nets of polyhedra and on the
corresponding correlative nets), Mem. Società Italiana della Scienze, Ser.3, 14
(1905) 75–129.
• D. M. Y. Sommerville, An Introduction to the Geometry of n Dimensions. New
York, E. P. Dutton, 1930. 196 pp. (Dover Publications edition, 1958) Chapter X:
The Regular Polytopes

External links
• Eric W. Weisstein, Honeycomb at MathWorld.
• Uniform Honeycombs in 3-Space VRML models
• Elementary Honeycombs
• Uniform partitions of 3-space, their relatives and embedding, 1999
• The Uniform Polyhedra
• Virtual Reality Polyhedra The Encyclopedia of Polyhedra
• octet truss animation
• Review: A. F. Wells, Three-dimensional nets and polyhedra, H. S. M. Coxeter
(Source: Bull. Amer. Math. Soc. Volume 84, Number 3 (1978), 466-470.)