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Microwave Engineering
EE 172
Dr. Ray Kwok
Helical Resonator
1
o =
L C LC
Higher frequency smaller L or C
Cavity Resonator
1
o =
L C LC
dc no B
B ac E & B coexist
E
Wire / connector
Couple E-field
Capacitive coupling
Line up with concentrated E-field to induced V
Wire / loop
Couple H-field
Inductive coupling
Loop thru H-field to induced current
Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok
Resonate Frequencies
output
Q f / fo
Quality Factor
f
fo
many resonants
Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok
Different modes
TEmnp modes
Ez = 0
b n p From
E x ~ sin y sin z boundary conditions
b d
a
m p
E y ~ sin x sin z
d a d
m, n = 0,1,2.... m & n cannot be both 0
as in the waveguide,
p = 1,2,3...
p cannot be 0 !!
TMmnp modes
m n
E z ~ sin x sin y
b a b From
n p boundary conditions
E x ~ sin y sin z
a b d
d m p
E y ~ sin x sin z
a d
m, n = 1,2,3....
p = 0,1,2,3... p can be 0.
Example
a 6.75 inches a 9 inches
TEnmp modes
Ez = 0
p
E ~ (A cos n B sin n)J n (k c) sin z
d
a p
E ~ (A cos n + B sin n)J 'n (k c) sin z
d
d J 'n (k nm a ) = 0 From boundary conditions.
p = 1,2,3... p starts from 1
TMnmp modes
p
E z ~ (A cos n + B sin n)J 'n (k c) cos z
d
p
E ~ (A cos n + B sin n)J 'n (k c) sin z
d
a
p
E ~ (A cos n B sin n)J n (k c) sin z
d
d
J n (k nma ) = 0 From boundary conditions.
p = 0,1,2,3... p begins at 0.
Example
a = 1.9
d = 6.82
TE TM
n m p f (GHz) n m p f (GHz)
1 1 1 2.016756 0 1 0 2.379399
1 1 2 2.513305 0 1 1 2.532062
2 1 1 3.14312 0 1 2 2.942912
1 1 3 3.172648 0 1 3 3.522744
2 1 2 3.482614 1 1 1 3.888838
Resonant
2
11.811 1
f 111= (1.473) 2 + = 3.01GHz
2 5
Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok
square waveguide
orthogonal
Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok
Perturbation
e.g. TE10
coupled modes
Use for:
Circular polarization
Dual cavity
Cross-coupled
Cavity Resonators - Dr. Ray Kwok
Dual Mode
TE111 mode
Up to 5-modes cavity
has been demonstrated
in a spherical cavity.