Question 1) How to prepare 1000 kg of 90% H2SO4 solution from 98% H2SO4 solution.

Use Matrix based method.

basis:- 1000 kg of 90% H2SO4

X,Y,Z be the sign of 98% solution , water added , 90% solution

water

conc. 98% H2SO4 1000 kg of dilute acid

Dilation
2 % Water
90% H2SO4 , 10% Water

overall material balance:-

X+Y=Z X + Y = 1000 .. (1)

H2SO4 balance :-

0.98 X = 0.90 Z 0.98 X + 0 Y = 0.90(1000) .. (2)

A B C
1 1 X 1000
0.98 0 Y 900

A-1
0 1.020408 B= A-1*C 918.3673
1 -1.02041
 Question 2) The waste acid from a nitrating process containing 20% HNO3 ,
55% H2SO4 and 25% H2O by weight is to be concentrated by addition
of conc. sulphuric acid containing 90% HNO3 to get desired mixed
acid containing 26% HNO3 and 60% H2SO4
calculate thr qyntities of waste and concentrated acids required for
1000 kg of desired of mixed acid.

Consider 1000 kg of mixed acid.

Waste acid 20% HNO3, 55% H2SO4

Conc. HNO3 Blending Desired mixed acid 1000 kg

90% HNO3 26% HNO3 & 60% H2SO4

Conc. H2SO4
95% H2SO4

It contains 1000 kg of mixed acid

26% HNO3 260 kg HNO3
60% H2SO4 600 kg H2SO4
14% H2O 140 kg H2O

Let us consider x, y, z amount of waste acid, conc. Nitric acid, and conc. Sulphuric acid in kg
Steady state material balances on a separation train : material balances on a steady state process with no recycle.
Paraxylene styrene toluene and benzene are to be seperated with this array on distillation columns. Ft = 70 kmo
 state process with no recycle.
tillation columns. Ft = 70 kmol/min