2016 IJC H2 Math 9758 Promotional Examination

1 One root of the equation z 3 + az 2 + bz + 12 = 0 , where a and b are real numbers, is

z = 1 i 3 . Without using a calculator, find the values of a and b and the other roots.
[4]
3( x 2)
2
2 Without using a calculator, solve the inequality 1 . [4]
x2 3

3 At the beginning of an experiment, an inverted circular cone is filled with sand. The
base radius of the cone is 5 cm and the slant height is 13 cm. Sand is leaking through
a small hole at the bottom of the cone at the rate of 7 cm3s1 at the instant when the
depth of the sand in the cone is 2.5 cm. Find the rate of decrease of the depth of the
sand at this instant. [5]
[It is given that the volume of a circular cone with base radius r and vertical height h
1
is r 2 h .]
3

4 The diagram shows the graph of y = f ( x ) with a maximum point at ( 3a, b ) and a
horizontal asymptote y = b where a > 0 and b > 0 . The curve intersects the axes at
( 5a,0) , ( a,0) and ( 0, a ) .

Sketch, on separate diagrams, the graphs of

(i) y = f ( x ) + 2b , [3]

1
(ii) y= , [3]
f ( x)

(iii) y = f ( x) , [3]
showing in each case the equations of the asymptote(s) and the coordinates of any
turning point(s) and point(s) of intersection with the axes whenever possible.

1
 n
n 2 ( n + 1) 2 2n
5 (a) Given that r3 = 4
, find ( 4r 3 + 5n + 1) in terms of n. Give your
r =1 r =n
answer in fully factorised form. [4]
1 1 4n
(b) (i) Verify that = . [1]
(n 1)2 (n + 1)2 (n2 1)2
2n
r
(ii) Find (r 2 1)2 . (There is no need to express your answer as a single
r=2
algebraic fraction.) [3]

r
(iii) Hence find the exact value of (r 2 1)2 . [2]
r =3

6 A D

E H E H

B F G C F G
n
Fig. Fig. Fig.
1 2 3

Fig. 1 shows a piece of square card, ABCD, with sides n cm, where n is a positive
constant. A rectangle EFGH, as shown in Fig. 2, is being cut from the card such that
EF = HG = 2x cm and BF = GC = x cm. The rectangle is rolled up to form a cylinder
of height 2x cm, where EH and FG are the circumference of the circular ends of the
cylinder, as shown in Fig. 3. The cylinder is placed on a horizontal table top and the
volume of this open cylinder is V cm3.

(i) Show that V =

1
2
(
4 x3 4 nx 2 + n 2 x . ) [3]

(ii) Use differentiation to find, in terms of n, the stationary value of V as x varies.

Determine whether the volume is a maximum or a minimum. [6]

2
7 The function f is defined by

3x + 5 3
f:x , for x , x .
4x 3 4

(i) Define f 1( x) . [3]

(ii) Deduce the rule of f 2 ( x) and state the range of f 2 . [2]

(iii) Using part (i), describe the symmetry of the graph of f . [1]

The function g is defined by

g : x x 3 + 2 x 2 , for x , x 1.

(iv) Explain why the composite function fg exists and find the exact value of
fg(2) . [4]

8 (a) Show that, when x is sufficiently small for x3 and higher powers of x to be
neglected,
cos x
a + bx + cx 2 ,
1 sin 2 x

where the values of a, b and c are to be determined. [3]

dy
(b) (i) Given that y = (3 + 6e x ) , show that y = 3e x .
dx

By further differentiation of this result, find the Maclaurin series for

(3 + 6e x ) up to and including the term in x 2 . [5]

(ii) The second and third terms in the Maclaurin series for y = (3 + 6e x ) are

equal to the first and second terms in the series expansion of eax ln (1 + nx )

respectively. Using appropriate expansions from the List of Formulae

(MF26), find the constants a and n. [4]

3
9 A bank has an account for investors. Interest is added to the account at the end of
each year at a fixed rate of 3% of the amount in the account at the beginning of that
year. Mary and Ben both invest money.

(a) Mary decides to invest $x at the beginning of one year and then a further $x at
the beginning of the second and each subsequent year. She also decides that
she will not draw any money out of the account, but just leave it, and any
interest, to build up.

(i) How much will there be in the account at the end of 1 year, including
the interest? [1]
(ii) Show that, at the end of n years, when the interest for the last year has

been added, she will have a total of $

103 x
3
( )
1.03n 1 in her account.

[3]

(iii) If Mary starts investing at the beginning of 2016 with an amount of

$10 000, at the end of which year will she have, for the first time, at
least $190 000 in her account? [4]

(b) Ben decides that, to assist him in his everyday expenses, he will withdraw the
interest as soon as it has been added. He invests $y at the beginning of each
year. Find the total amount of interest he will receive at the end of n years. [4]

10 A curve C has parametric equations

x = a sin 4 , y = 2a cos 2 ,

where 0 < and a is a positive constant.
2
(i) Sketch C, showing clearly the coordinates of any point(s) of intersection with
the axes. [2]

(ii) Find the equation of the tangent to C at the point P where = , leaving your
6
answer in exact form. [4]
(iii) The tangent at P meets the x-axis at A and the normal at P meets the x-axis at
B. Find the exact area of triangle ABP. [6]

4
11 The curve C has equation

x2 + 4 x + 5
y= ,
x+r
where is a non-zero constant, and a vertical asymptote x = 1.
(i) State the value of r and find the equation of the other asymptote of C. [3]
(ii) Draw a sketch of C for the case when < 0 . [2]
(iii) By using an algebraic method, find the range of values of for which the line
y = 2 x and C have at least one point in common. [3]
It is now given that = 9 .
(iv) On a separate diagram from part (ii), sketch the graph of C, indicating clearly
the coordinates of the stationary points. [2]

( x 4) 2 ( y 6) 2
Another curve D has equation + =1.
42 k2
(v) On the same diagram as part (iv), sketch D for the case when k = 3 . [2]
(vi) Deduce the range of values of k for which C and D intersect more than once.
[1]

~ ~ ~ End of Paper ~ ~ ~

5
 2016 H2 Math Promo Exam Suggested Solution
Q Solution
1 Since the coefficients are real, z 1 i 3 is another root of the equation.

Method 1
z 1 3i z 1 3i
z 1 3i
2 2

z2 2z 4
z3 az 2 bz 12 0
z 2

2 z 4 z 3 0 (By inspection)
Comparing coefficients of z 2 , a 1
Comparing coefficients of z, b 2
The other roots are z 1 3i and z 3 .

Method 2
Substitute z 1 3i ( or z 1 3i ) into the given eqn,

1 3i a 1 3i b 1 3i 12 0 or equivalent
3 2

1 3 3i 9 3 3i a 1 2 3i 3 b 1 3i 12 0
4 2a b 2a b 3i 0
Comparing the real parts, 2a b 4
Comparing the imaginary parts, 2a b 0
a 1 , b 2

See Method 1 for factorization to find the other roots.

3 x 2
2 2
1
x2 3

3 x 2 x2 3
2
0
x2 3
4 x 2 12 x 9
0
x2 3
2 x 3 2 0

x 3 x 3
+ +
-3 1.5 3
< 3 or > 3 or = 1.5
3 Let the radius of the surface level of the sand be r cm and the depth of the sand be h cm at time
t seconds.
5
Height of the funnel = 132 52 12 cm
r
Using similar triangles, 13
r 5 5 h
r h
h 12 12

1 25
V r 2h h3
3 432
Differentiating both sides wrt t,
dV 25 dh
h2
dt 144 dt

dV
When h 2.5 , 7
dt
25 2 dh
7 2.5
144 dt
dh 7 144
2.05 (3 s.f.)
dt 156.25

the rate at which the depth of the sand falls in the funnel is 2.05 cm s1 when the depth of the
sand is 2.5 cm.

4(i)

4(ii)
4(iii)

5(a)
2n
4r 3 5n 1
r n
2n n 1 2 n
4 r 3 r 3 5n 1
r 1 r 1 r n
2n (2n 1) 2 n 12 (n) 2
2
4 5n 1 2n n 1
4 4
2 2
2
n 4(2n 1) n 1 5n 1 ( n 1)
n 2 2(2n 1) n 1 2(2n 1) n 1 5n 1 ( n 1)
n 2 3n 3 5n 1 5n 1 ( n 1)
3n 2 1 5n 1 (n 1)

5(b)(i) 1 1
LHS
(n 1) (n 1) 2
2

(n 1) 2 (n 1) 2
=
(n 1)(n 1)
2

4n
= RHS
(n 1) 2
2
5(b)(ii) 2n 2n

(r 11)
r 1 1

(r 1)
2 2 4 2
(r 1)
2
r 2 r 2

1 1
2 2
1 3
1 1
2 2
2 4
1 1

32 52
1

4
1 1

(2n 3) 2 (2n 1) 2

1 1

(2n 2)
2
(2n) 2

1 1
(2n 1) 2 (2n 1) 2

15 1 1
2
4 4 4n (2n 1) 2

5(b)(iii) 1 1
As n , 0
4n (2n 1) 2
2

r 5 2
Thus , r 3

(r 1) 16 9
2 2

13
=
144
6(i) Let r cm be the radius of the cylinder.
2 r n 2 x
n 2x
r
2
V r2h
2
n 2x
2x
2
n 2 4 nx 4 x 2

2 x
4 2


1
2

4 x3 4 nx 2 n 2 x
6(ii) dV

dx 2
1

12 x 2 8nx n2
dV
For stationary value of V , let 0.
dx
12 x2 8nx n2 0
6 x n 2 x n 0
n n
x or x (rejected n 2x 0 )
6 2
Stationary value of V
1 n n
3 2
n
4 4n n2
2 6 6 6

n3

27
d 2V 1
24 x 8n
dx 2 2
n
When x ,
6
d 2V 1 n 2n
24 8n 0
dx 2 2 6
n
By 2nd derivative test, V is maximum when x .
6
7(i) Let y f ( x)
3x 5
y
4x 3
4 xy 3 y 3 x 5
x(4 y 3) 5 3 y
5 3y
x
4y 3
5 3x 3
f 1 ( x) , x \
4x 3 4

7(ii) 1 1 3
Since f f , f (x) ff ( x) x for x , x
2

4
3
Rf
2 \
4

7(iii) The graph of f is symmetrical about the line y x .

7(iv) 3
Rg [3, ) and Df \
4
Since Rg Df , the function fg exists.

Method 1 Method 2

fg(2) f 23 2(22 )
fg( x) f x3 2 x 2
= f 16 3 x3 6 x 2 5
=
3(16) 5 4 x3 8 x 2 3
=
4(16) 3
53 3(2)3 6(2) 2 5
= fg(2)
61 4(2)3 8(2) 2 3
53
=
You may use your GC to check the accuracy 61
of your answer.
 8(a) x2
1
cos x 2

1 sin 2 x 1 2 x
x2 1
1 1 2 x
2
x2
1
2

1 2 x (2 x) ...
2


7
1 2 x x2
2
8(b)(i)
y 3 6e x Alternative:

y 2 3 6e x y 3 6e
x

dy
2y 6e x 1
3 6e x 2 6e x
dy 1
dx
dy dx 2
y 3e x ......
3 6e ddyx 3e
dx x x
Differentiat wrt x
2
d 2 y dy dy
3e x
y 2 3e x y
dx dx dx
When x 0, y 3 6e0 9 3
dy dy
3 3e0 1
dx dx
d2 y d2 y 2

2 0
3 1 3e
d x2 dx 2 3
2

y 3 x x 2 ...
3
2!
1
3 x x 2 ...
3
8(b)(ii) ax nx
2 2

e ln 1 nx 1 ax
ax
... nx ...
2! 2

2 2
a x 2 2
n x
1 ax ... nx ..
2 2
n2 x2
nx anx 2 ...
2
n2
nx an x 2 ...
2
Comparing the terms,
nx x n 1
n2 2 1 2 n2 1
an x x an
2 3 2 3
1 1 1 1 5
Sub n 1 , a a
2 3 3 2 6
9(a) $1.03x
(i)
9(a) Marys account:
(ii) Beginning of year End of year
1st yr x 1.03x
2 yr 1.03 +
nd
1.03(1.03 + )
= (1.03 + 1.032 )

3rd yr 1.032 + 1.03 (1.03 + 1.032

+ + 1.033 )

nth yr (1.03 + 1.032 +
+ 1.03 )

(i) Amount at the end of nth year is

1.03 1.03n 1

x
1.03 1
103x 1.03n 1
3

9(a) When = 10000,

(iii) 103 10000
3

1.03n 1 190000

57
1.03n 1
103
57
n ln(1.03) ln 1
103
n 14.9006
Miss Lee will have at least $190 000 in her account at the end of 2030.

9(b) Bens account:

Amt at the beginning Interest received at the
of each year end of each year
st
1 yr y 0.03
2nd yr 2 0.03(2)
3rd yr 3 0.03(3)

nth yr 0.03()

Total interest received

0.03 y 1 2 3 ... n
n
0.03 y 1 n
2
0.015 y n(1 n)
10(i)
x a sin 4 , y 2a cos2 , where 0 .
2

10(ii) y 2a cos 2
x a sin 4
dy
dx 4a cos sin
4a cos 4 d
d
2a sin 2

dy 2a sin 2 4a cos sin

or
dx 4a cos 4 4a cos 4
dy sin 2 cos sin
or
dx 2 cos 4 cos 4

When ,
6

sin
dy
3 3
dx 2 2
2 cos
3
3
x a sin a
3 2
3
y 2a cos 2 a
6 2

Equation of tangent at the point P

3 3 3
y a x a
2 2 2
3 3 3
y x a a
2 4 2
3 3
y x a
2 4
10(iii) Equation of normal at point P
3 2 3
y a x a
2 3 2
2 3
y xa a
3 2
2 5
y x a
3 2
At point A,
When y = 0,
3 3
0 x a
2 4
3
x a
2
At point B,
When y = 0,
2 5
0 x a
3 2
5 3
x a
4
15 3 3 3
Area of Triangle ABP a a a
2 4 2 2
21 3a 2
units 2
16
11(i) x2 4 x 5
y
xr
Since x 1 is an asymptote,
1 r 0 r 1
y
x 1 x 5 x 5
x 1 x 1
The eqn of the oblique asymptote is y x 5 .

11(ii)

11(iii) x2 4 x 5
Let 2x
x 1
x 2 4 x 5 2 x( x 1)
x2 6 x 5 0
There are at least one common point 2 4 0
36 4(5 ) 0
5 9
4
Since 0, the range of values of is
4 0 or 0 (Accept 4 and 0 ).

11(iv)
& (v)

11(vi) > 6