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COMBINED BENEFITS OF
DISTRIBUTED COGENERATION
Wrtsils ongoing development of distributed power plant solutions is based on demands
for alternative energy sources, the need to shorten transmission distances, and increasing
stipulations for fuel efficiency. With deregulation and liberalisation of the energy markets on
the increase everywhere, the trend is towards decentralised systems. Power, heat and chilling
generated closer to consumers shortens transmission routes considerably.
Wrtsils Combined Heat & Power (CHP) and Combined Cooling, Heating & Power
(CCHP) systems are supplied to utilities, independent power producers (IPP), industries and
municipalities around the globe.The combination of high efficiency and low emission in power
plants built by Wrtsil is unequalled on the market. Wrtsil plants comply with national
and local environmental requirements and with World Bank guidelines for power plants. The
internal combustion technology with its very fast starting and stopping capabilities is also a
flexible and good complement to power production with renewables, wind and solar energy.
Wrtsil CHP plants run on various grades of natural gas and liquid fuels, while still
maintaining low emissions and high efficiency. The plants include thermal heat recovery for
hot water, steam, direct-fire, or chilled water thereby increasing the already high efficiency
of up to 49% in terms of net electricity, to a total plant efficiency of 90% or more.
Typical plant sizes are 4600 MWe and up to 175 MWch/50,000 TR chilling in single or
multi-engine configurations.
Coal fired
steam boiler
Gas turbine
Diesel engine
Gas engine
natural gas single cycle
Gas engine
natural gas CHP (steam)
chilling plant
Diesel engine
fuel oil single cycle
Gas turbine
natural gas single cycle
Gas engine
natural gas CHP (hot water)
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CHP module
+10,950
Wrtsil 20V34SG
21,250
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PLANT TOTAL EFFICIENCY DEPENDING ON HOT WATER TEMPERATURES
Supply temperature
80C 90C 100C 110C 120C 130C
75C
Total Recovered
efficiency heat
85% 9000 kW
Return temperature
65C
80% 7900 kW
75% 6800 kW
60C
76%78%
55C 78%80%
80%82%
82%84%
50C 84%86%
86%88%
88%90%
90%92%
45C
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CHEONG SOO, KOREA
The purpose of Cheong Soo plant is to provide
District heating and electricity (CHP) to a town
with about 6400 households including public
buildings. The CHP plant generates electricity
in parallell with the electrical grid and supplies
the district heating to the network for the town.
During summer the plant provides also district
cooling.
District heat
Lubricating oil
HT cooling water
Exhaust gas LT cooling water
boiler
Exhaust gas
Economiser
Lube oil
Jacket back-up cooler
water
heat
Hot water exchanger LT CAC
system
HT CAC
Lube oil
cooler
Electricity 46%
From the engines Power (net) 44%
Total efficiency 90%
Fuel consumption 100%
Losses 8%
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CCHP SOLUTIONS
District heating systems are a well established AMBIENT INFLUENCES
infrastructure technology. However, for warmer Both electric power and chilling consumption is
countries with a short yearly demand for heat dependent on seasonal and daily fluctuations,
and very high summer temperatures, chilling and the cogeneration plant has to follow the
generation is of essence. load accordingly.
When generating electric power, a These variations can be very large, with
substantial amount of chilling can be ambient temperatures reaching 50 C during
generated from the exhaust gas and engine summer afternoons. Therefore, the fluctuations
cooling waste energy by applying absorption in electrical power consumption is also
chiller technology. Wrtsil has designed considerable. Today, 70% of the electricity
its cogeneration chilling plants to meet the produced in the Middle East is used for
demands for both power and chilling optimally. electrically driven chillers.
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23C 24C 27C 32C 36C 39C 41C 41C 39C 35C 30C 26C
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
RAINFALL (cm)
DCAP SOLUTIONS
8 7 8 9 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 8
The Wrtsil DCAP (District Cooling and Power) system has been developed
SUNSHINE (hrs)
for very hot areas where no heat is required, only power and chilled water
for district cooling and AC.
Electricity These systems can be designed for 50,000 TR. The optimal solution
Purchased electricity is always based on the correct design and sizing. The entire chilled water
demand should not be covered solely by absorption chillers. Instead
ENGINE 1 utilizing electrically driven chillers and/or chilled water storage tanks to
MW
cover peaks minimizes the total investment cost of the chiller capacity. The
plant can provide both the required electricity and chilling, even during the
ENGINE 2
Electricity demand hottest time of the year. When the engines feed electricity to the grid, all
available waste heat is used efficiently for chilling. In case the chilled water
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC cannot be utilized right away, the plant is able to run in pure electricity
Heating and cooling
mode or charge the storage tanks, letting no capacity go to waste.
Electrical chiller Peaking boiler
JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Case: Typical variation curves for a two engine trigeneration plant supplying
electricity, heat and chilled water according to the customers needs. Heat
from the engines is utilized for heating during the winter period, and as a
heat source for chillers during the summer. Thus, the plants heat recovery is
efficiently used throughout the entire year. 9
REFERENCES
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GAS GENSETS
BARAJAS AIRPORT, SPAIN
Wrtsil 34SG 9L34SG 16V34SG 20V34SG
In 2003, AENA, the Spanish Airport Authority, called for bids to supply thermal
and electrical energy for the very important Barajas airport in Madrid under a Power, electrical (50 Hz/750 rpm) kW 4340 7740 9730
Power Purchase Agreement for a twenty-year period.
The CCHP plant generates a net electric power of 33MW and is Power, electrical (60 Hz/720 rpm) kW 4170 7430 9340
connected to both the airports internal grid and the public grid. The plant
Genset dry weight (tonne) 5% 77 120 130
provides electricity on a continuous basis, and heating during the winter and
cooling during the summer.
Wrtsil 50SG 18V50SG
Engines: ............................... 6 x Wrtsil 18V32DF Power, electrical (50 Hz/500 rpm) kW 18 320
Total electrical output:.......................... 33,600 kWe
Total heat output:................................ 24,000 kWth Power, electrical (60 Hz/514 rpm) kW 18 760
Total absorption cooling output:........... 18,000kWc
Genset dry weight (tonne) 5% 360
Total efficiency: ............................................... 74%
Reduced transport weight (tonne) 5% 285
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Wrtsil is a global leader in complete lifecycle power solutions for the
marine and energy markets. By emphasising technological innovation
and total efficiency, Wrtsil maximises the environmental and economic
performance of the vessels and power plants of its customers. Wrtsil is
listed on the NASDAQ OMX Helsinki, Finland.