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Well, there's an easy way to solve both of those problems the telephone off
hook alarm. A schematic of the off hook alarm is shown in Fig. 1. That
circuit has two indicators to tell you when your telephone receiver or any
extension receiver is not in its cradle: a lamp, LMP1 and a piezoelectric
buzzer, PB1. The lamp lights whenever a receiver is removed from its
cradle or the line goes dead.
Ok Bueno, hay una manera fcil de resolver ambos problemas la alarma del
telfono apagada. El diagrama de la alarma de descolgado se muestra en la
figura. 1. Este circuito tiene dos indicadores que le dicen cuando su
auricular del telfono o de cualquier receptor de extensin no est en su
cuna: una lmpara, LMP1 y un zumbador piezoelctrico, PB1. La lmpara
prende cada vez que se retira un receptor de su base o la lnea se agota.
the buzzer sounds after the phone has been off the hook for a preset period
(about 35 minutes), unless the circuit is reset or the receiver is returned to
its cradle. The reset switch also allows you to stay on the phone for periods
beyond the preset time limit.
Ok Suena la alarma despus de que el telfono ha sido descolgado por un
perodo prefijado (unos 35 minutos), a menos que el circuito se reinicia o el
receptor vuelve a su cuna. El interruptor de reajuste tambin le permite
permanecer en el telfono durante perodos ms all del lmite de tiempo
preestablecido.
Circuit operation
The telephone off hook alarm is made from several common IC's and a
handful of external components. Figure 1 shows a voltage divider low pass
filter at the input to the circuit (made of resistors R1 and R2, and C1). That
combination passes a fraction of the telephone line's DC voltage, which is
fed to pin 6 of IC1 (an LM339 comparator).
When the phone is on the hook, the telephone line has about 50 volts across
it, but once the receiver is lifted from its cradle, that value drops to around
10 volts. Potentiometer R3 is adjusted so that 2 volts is applied to the no
inverting input (pin 7) of IC1. Because of the 10 to 1 ratio of R1 and R2,
most of the line voltage is dropped across R1.
With the phone on the hook, the voltage appearing at pin 6 is about 4.5
volts, but when the phone is lifted from its cradle that value drops to about
1 volt. When that happens, IC1 outputs a high that follows two paths.
Ok Con el telfono en su base, el voltaje que aparece en el terminal 6 es de
aproximadamente 4,5 voltios, pero cuando el telfono se levanta de su base
ese valor cae a aproximadamente 1 voltio. Cuando eso sucede, el CI1 da
salida a una alto (un uno) que sigue dos caminos.
In the first of those paths, that high is fed to IC2-C (1/6 of a 4050 buffer)
to provide sufficient drive to turn on (VMOS) transistor Q1. With that
transistor turned on, LMP1 lights showing that a receiver is off the hook.
In the other path, the signal is fed to lC2a, which outputs a high that causes
capacitor C2 to charge. When C2 is charged, it triggers IC4a ( of a quad
NAND Schmitt trigger) into conduction. The low output of IC4a toggles JK
flip flop IC3, which then triggers the 7555 (CMOS) timer, IC5. The output
of IC4a is also fed to pin 11, RESET, of IC6 enabling it.
The timer produces a 1-Hz square wave output that is fed to IC4d (pin 6),
and to IC6 through IC4c. Now IC6 begins to count, and after about 2048
seconds (or 34 minutes), pin 14 of IC6 goes high. That high is fed to IC4d,
causing its output to go low, which in turn causes the piezoelectric buzzer,
PB1, to sound. The circuit is designed so that the buzzer continues
sounding until either the phone is hung up, or the circuit is reset by pressing
switch S1.
The circuit is powered by a 15 volt, 300-mA supply; and, since the circuit
is made of mostly CMOS IC's, power consumption in the standby mode is
low. In operation, the lamp draws most of the power. If you want to reduce
power consumption even more, the lamp may be replaced with an LED,
allowing a power supply with a lower output to be used.
A word of caution: Do not earth ground the circuit. Also, be sure that the
power supply is isolated from the AC line.