Erik Ericksons Theory of Psychosocial

THEORY CENTRAL TASK PRESENTING

CHARACTERISTIC
Erikson's stages of Mrs. L.A is in the prime of her
Ego Integrity vs. Despair
psychosocial development, as age and has experienced many
articulated by Erik Erikson, in Maturity(65+) difficulties in her life and gave
collaboration with Joan As we grow older (65+ yrs.) birth to 12 children. When she
Erikson, is a comprehensive and become senior citizens, we reached the age of 72 years old,
psychoanalytic theory
that tend to slow down our she was diagnosed with
identifies a series of eight productivity and explore life as pelvoabdominal mass, ovarian
stages, in which a healthy a retired person. It is during new growth that was probably
developing individual should this time that we contemplate malignant. She felt hopeless and
pass through from infancy to our accomplishments and can appeared to lose interest in her
late adulthood. Erikson's stage develop integrity if we see surroundings. She seemed to have
theory characterizes an ourselves as leading a been staring off to space and was
individual advancing through successful life either thinking deeply of her
the eight life stages as a Erik Erikson believed if we see predicament or was simply
function of negotiating his or our lives as unproductive, feel shutting out her environment.
her biological forces and guilt about our past, or feel that
sociocultural forces we did not accomplish our life Upon interview, she would
goals, we become dissatisfied willingly answer our questions
with life and develop despair, but with a monotonous voice that
often leading to depression and seemed to have lost all hope.
hopelessness
Success in this stage will lead
to the virtue of wisdom.
Wisdom enables a person to
look back on their life with a
sense of closure and
completeness, and also accept
death without fear.

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 Carol Gilligans Theory of Moral Development

THEORY CENTRAL TASK PRESENTING

CHARACTERISTIC
Gilligan proposes a stage Orientation of Individual Mrs LA concentrates on what
theory of moral development Survival Transition is best for her. She decided
for women. If you know not to believe on the doctors
-Concentrates on what is best
anything about diagnosis rather she chose to
for self.
developmental psychology, trust the albularyos finding.
you know stage theories are For her, the albularyo is the
-Selfish.
important. Much of the best person to rely on. At the
research in current -Dependent on others. hospital, after 15 days of
developmental psychology is confinement and medication
not focused on stages, and she refuses the doctors order
does not assume their for a surgery and decided to
primacy in explaining go home against medical
developmental progress. advice.
Instead, many developmental Mrs. LA did not consider the
psychologists look carefully advice of her children to
at how some particular skill continue the medication and
(e.g. drawing, abstract undergo to surgery. Her
thinking, thinking about other children are very worried
people, making excuses, about her situation and really
helping others) develops over want their mother to recover,
time. Much of this research but unfortunately Mrs LA
suggests that the stage wanted to go home.
theories are too simplistic in Although she rejected her
their picture of changes in childrens decision, still
skills, attributes, and dependent on them because
competencies over time. of her condition. She cannot
live by herself.

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 Havighursts Developmental Stage and Tasks

THEORY CENTRAL TASK PRESENTING

CHARACTERISTIC
Havighursts main assertion Later Maturity Mrs L.A. was able to adjust
is that development is to her physiological changes
adjust to physiological
continuous throughout the and alterations in health
changes & alterations in
entire lifespan, occurring in status as evidenced by her
health status
stages, where the individual acceptance on her current
moves from one stage to the condition. Also stated that she
adjust to retirement &
next by means of successful missed doing work at her
altered income
resolution of problems or garden.
performance of adjust to death of spouse She grieved when her
developmental tasks. These husband died at age of 65
tasks are those that are meet civic & social years old, and felt nothing by
responsibilities
typically encountered by most now. Mrs LA met her civic
people in the culture where and social responsibilities,
the individual belongs. If the she raised her children well
person successfully and was able to perform her
accomplishes and masters the role as a mother.
developmental task, he feels
pride and satisfaction, and
consequently earns his
community or societys
approval. This success
provides a sound foundation
which allows the individual
to accomplish tasks to be
encountered at later stages.
Conversely, if the individual
is not successful at
accomplishing a task, he is
unhappy and is not accorded
the desired approval by
society, resulting in the
subsequent experience of
difficulty when faced with
succeeding developmental

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tasks. This theory presents the
individual as an active learner
who continually interacts
with a similarly active social
environment.

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