4.

11 Design Rules For Jacketed Vessels (Revision 4)

4.11.0 Table of Contents............................................................................................................ 1

4.11.1 Scope ............................................................................................................................... 1
4.11.2 Design of Jacketed Shells and Heads .......................................................................... 1
4.11.3 Design Of Jacketed Closures ........................................................................................ 2
4.11.4 Design Of Penetrations Through Jackets .................................................................... 2
4.11.5 Design Of Partial Jackets............................................................................................... 2
4.11.6 Design Of HalfPipe Jackets ......................................................................................... 2
4.11.7 Nomenclature .................................................................................................................. 3
4.11.8 Tables............................................................................................................................... 5
4.11.9 Figures ........................................................................................................................... 14

4.11.1 Scope

4.11.1.1 The minimum requirements for the design of the jacketed portion of a pressure vessel shall
conform to the requirements given in this paragraph. The jacketed portion of the vessel is defined as the
inner and outer walls, the closure devices and all other penetration or parts within the jacket that are
subjected to pressure stress. Parts such as nozzle closure members and stay rings are included in this
definition. For the purposes of this section, jackets are assumed to be integral pressure chambers, attached
to a vessel for one or more purposes, such as:
a) To heat the vessel and its contents.
b) To cool the vessel and its contents.
c) To provide a sealed insulation chamber for the vessel.

4.11.1.2 This paragraph applies only to jacketed vessels having jackets over the shell or heads as
illustrated in Figure 4.11.1, partial jackets as illustrated in Figure 4.11.2, and halfpipe jackets as illustrated
in Figure 4.11.3.

4.11.1.3 The jacketed vessels shown in Figure 4.11.1 are categorized as five types shown below. For
these types of vessels, the jackets shall be continuous circumferentially for Types 1, 2, 4 or 5 and shall be
circular in cross section for Type 3. The use of any combination of the types shown is permitted on a single
vessel provided the individual requirements for each are met. Nozzles or other openings in Type 1, 2, 4 or 5
jackets that also penetrate the vessel shell or head shall be designed in accordance with paragraph 4.5.
This paragraph does not cover dimpled jackets.
a) Type 1 Jacket of any length confined entirely to the cylindrical shell
b) Type 2 Jacket covering a portion of the cylindrical shell and one head
c) Type 3 Jacket covering a portion of one head
d) Type 4 Jacket with addition of stay or equalizer rings to the cylindrical shell portion to reduce the
effective length
e) Type 5 Jacket covering the cylindrical shell and any portion of either head.

4.11.2 Design of Jacketed Shells and Heads

4.11.2.1 Shell and head thickness shall be determined using paragraph 4.3. In consideration of the
loadings given in paragraph 4.1, particular attention shall be given to the effects of local internal and external
pressure loads and differential thermal expansion.

4.11.2.2 The maximum size of inspection openings need not exceed DN 50 (NPS 2) pipe for all diameter
vessels

4.11-1
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4.11.2.3 The use of impingement plates or baffles at the jacket inlet connection to reduce erosion of the
inner wall shall be considered for media where vapors are condensed (i.e. steam).

4.11.2.4 Jacketed vessels may be designed as a braced and stayed surfaces using the rules of
paragraph 4.9 provided the jacket wall also meets the requirements of paragraph 4.3. This is not intended to
apply to dimpled vessels.

4.11.3 Design Of Jacketed Closures

4.11.3.1 The design of jacket closures members shall be in accordance with Table 4.11.1 and the
additional requirements of this paragraph. Alternative geometries to those illustrated may be used if the
design is based on Part 5.

4.11.3.2 Any radial welds in closure members shall be butt-welded joints penetrating through the full
thickness of the member and shall be ground flush where attachments welds are to be made.

4.11.3.3 Closures for any type of stay-bolted jacket may be designed in accordance with the
requirements of Type 1 jackets shown in Figure 4.11.1 provided the entire jacket is stay-bolted to
compensate for pressure end forces.

4.11.4 Design Of Penetrations Through Jackets

4.11.4.1 The design of openings through the jacket space shall be in accordance with the rules given in
paragraph 4.5. Reinforcement of the opening in the jacket shall not be required for penetrations of the type
shown in Table 4.11.2 since the opening is stayed by virtue of the nozzle or neck of the closure member.

4.11.4.2 Jacket penetration closure member designs shown in Table 4.11.2 shall conform to the following
requirements stipulated in this table and the following provisions. Alternative geometries to those illustrated
may be used if the design is based on Part 5.
a) The jacket penetration closure member minimum thickness considers only pressure membrane loading.
Axial pressure loadings and secondary loadings given in paragraph 4.1 shall be considered in the
design.
b) The design Details 2, 3, 4, and 5 shown in Table 4.11.2 provide some flexibility. Only pressure
membrane loading is considered in establishing the minimum thickness of the penetration closure
member. If the localized stresses at the penetration detail need to be established, the methodology in
Part 5 shall be used.
c) All radial welds in opening sealer membranes shall be butt-welded joints that penetrate through the full
thickness of the member.
d) Closure member welds shall be circular, elliptical or obround in shape where possible. Rectangular
members welds are permissible provided that corners are rounded to a suitable radius.

4.11.5 Design Of Partial Jackets

4.11.5.1 Partial jackets include jackets that encompass less than the full circumference of the vessel.
Some variations are shown in Figure 4.11.2.

4.11.5.2 The rules for construction of jacketed vessels in the preceding paragraphs also apply to partial
jackets, with the following exceptions.
a) Stayed partial jackets shall be designed and constructed in accordance with paragraph 4.9 with closures
designed in accordance with paragraph 4.11.3.
b) Partial jackets that, by virtue of their service or configuration, do not lend themselves to staybolt
construction may be fabricated by other means provided they are designed using Part 5.

4.11.6 Design Of HalfPipe Jackets

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4.11.6.1 The rules in this section are applicable for the design of half-pipe jackets constructed of NPS 2,
3 or 4 pipes and subjected to internal pressure loading (see Figure 4.11.3). Configurations that do not
satisfy the rules in this paragraph may be designed in accordance with Part 5.

4.11.6.2 The minimum required thickness of a half pipe jacket is given by the following equation. For a
design to be acceptable, the additional condition that Pj Pjpm where Pjpm is given by Equation (4.11.2)
must also be satisfied.

Pj rp
trp = (4.11.1)
0.85S j 0.6 Pj

4.11.6.3 The maximum permissible pressure in the half-pipe jacket, Pjpm , shall be determine the
following equation.

Fp
Pjpm = (4.11.2)
Kp
where

Fp = max (1.5S S * ) , 1.5S (4.11.3)

K p = C1 + C2 D 0.5 + C3 D + C4 D1.5 + C5 D 2 + C6 D 2.5 + C7 D 3 + C8 D 3.5 + C9 D 4 + C10 D 4.5 (4.11.4)

The coefficients for Equation (4.11.4) are provided in Table 4.11.3.

4.11.7 Nomenclature
D is the inside diameter of the inner vessel.
D pj is the nominal pipe size of the half-pipe jacket.
Kp is the half-pipe jacket rating factor.
Pj is the design pressure in the jacket chamber.
Pjpm is the permissible jacket pressure based on the jacket and shell geometry.
L is the length of the jacket.
tc is the nominal thickness of the closure member.
tj is the nominal thickness of the outer jacket wall.
tn is the nominal thickness of the nozzle.
ts is the nominal thickness of the shell inner wall.
trj is the required minimum thickness of the outer jacket wall.
trc is the required minimum thickness of the closure member.
trp is the required minimum thickness of the half-pipe jacket.
Rj is the inside radius of the jacket.
Rp is the radius of the opening in the jacket at the jacket penetration
Rs is the outside radius of the inner vessel.
r is the corner radius of torus closures.
rp is the inside radius of the half-pipe jacket.
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S is the membrane stress intensity limit of the inner shell from Part 3.
Sj is the membrane stress intensity limit of the jacket from Part 3.
S* is the actual longitudinal tensile stress in the head or shell due to internal pressure and other
axial forces; when axial forces are negligible, S = PD
*
4ts . If the combination of axial
forces and pressure results in a negative value of S , then S = 0 .
* *

sj is the jacket space defined as the inside radius of the jacket minus the outside radius of the
inner vessel.
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4.11.8 Tables

Table 4.11.1 Design Of Closure Member Of Jacket To Shell

Detail Requirements Figure

1 These closure may used on Types 1, 2, y = 0.7tc
and 4 jacketed vessels as shown in
Figure 4.11.1 and shall have trc of at least
equal to trj and corner radius r shall not
r
be less than 3tc . Min. 2tc but need tc
r min. = 3tc
not exceed
This closure design is limited to a 12 mm (0.51in)
maximum thickness trc of 16 mm (0.625 ts j tj
in.)
Rs Rj
When this construction is used on Type 1
jacketed vessels, the weld dimension Y (a) Type 1 Jackets
shall be not less than 0.7tc ; and when
used on Type 2 and 4 jacketed vessels, tc min.
the weld dimensions Y shall be not less
than 0.83tc .
0.83tc min.
tc 1.5tc
(Elongated to
maintain min.
throat dimension)

tc min. Min. throat

dimension = tc
30 max.

tc

(b) Types 2 and 4 Jackets

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Table 4.11.1 Design Of Closure Member Of Jacket To Shell

Detail Requirements Figure

2 These closures shall have trc at least tc
equal to trj . In addition for Detail (c), the 1.25tc min

trc shall be not less than the following:

r min = j
Pj
trc = 0.707 s j
Sj ts j tj

A groove weld attaching the closure to the Rs Rj

inner vessel and fully penetrating the (a)
closure thickness tc may be used with
any of the types of jacketed vessels tc
shown in Figure 4.11.1. However, a fillet
weld having a minimum throat dimension 1.25tc min
of 0.7tc may also be used to join the
max = 60
closure of the inner vessel on Type 1 r= 2tc
jacketed vessels of Figure 4.11.1.
mim
The closure and jacket shell may be one- ts j tj
piece construction or welded using a full
penetration butt weld. A backing strip Rs Rj
may be used.
(b)
tc
r= 3tc
1.25tc min
min

ts j tj

Rs Rj

(c)

3 This closure shall be used only on Type 1 tc min

jacketed vessels shown in Figure 4.11.1.

The closure thickness trc shall be tc

computed using the Equation for a conical
shell in paragraph 4.3, but shall be not
less than trj . The angle shall be max = 30 tc min
limited to 30 degrees maximum.
ts j
tj
Rs Rj
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Table 4.11.1 Design Of Closure Member Of Jacket To Shell

Detail Requirements Figure

4 These closures shall be used only on Y
Y
Type 1 jacketed vessels as shown in
Y Y b
Figure 4.11.1 and with the further c Z c
Z
limitation that trj does not exceed 16 mm tc tc
(0.625 in.). c b
c
Y Y Z
Y Y Z
The required minimum thickness for the ts j tj
closure bar shall be equal to: ts j tj

Pj Rs Rj Rs Rj
trc = max 2trj , 0.707 s j
S
j (a) (b)

Fillet weld sizes shall be as follows: Y
Z
Y Y
Y min [ 0.75tc , 0.75ts ] and c c
tc
c
c = 0.7 Z min c
Y
Y Z Backing Strip
Y
Z t j and b = 0.7 Z min Y
ts j tj
May Be Used
ts j tj

Rs Rj
Rs Rj

(c) (d)

5 These closures may be used on any of

Z Z
the types of jacketed vessels shown in
a Z a Z
Figure 4.11.1. For Type 1 jacketed
vessels, the required minimum closure
bar thickness shall be determined from tc tc
the equations in paragraph 4.11. For all
other types of jacketed vessels, the
required minimum closure bar thickness b Z b Z
and the maximum allowable width of the Z Y=a+b Z
ts ts Y=a+b
jacket space shall be determined form the
following equations:
Rs Rs

Pj Rs 2S j ts2 ( ts + t j ) (a) (b)

trc = 1.414
S P R 2
ts
j j j
Weld sizes connecting the closure bar to Z Z tc
the inner vessel shall be as follows: a
Y min [1.5tc , 1.5ts ] , and shall be b
measured as the sum of dimensions a
Z Z
and b as shown.
Y=a+b
Z is equal to the minimum fillet size Rs
necessary when used in conjunction with
a groove weld or another fillet weld to (c)
maintain the minimum required Y
dimension.
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Table 4.11.1 Design Of Closure Member Of Jacket To Shell

Detail Requirements Figure

6 The jacket to closure bar attachment See paragraph 4.2
See paragraph 4.2
welds shown in Details (a), (b) and (c)
may be used on any of the types of tc tc 45 min.
jacketed vessels shown in Figure 4.11.1. tj min.
Backing Strip
tj
Attachment welds shown in Details (d), May Be Used
tj
(e) and (f) may be used on any of the Rj Rj
types of jacketed vessels shown in Figure (a) (b)
4.11.1 where trj does not exceed 16 mm
0.7 tj min.
(0.625 in.). 2tj min. tj min.

tc tc Not
Less
See paragraph 4.2 a
Backing Strip Than a
May Be Used t
j tj

Rj Rj
(c) (d)

1.5 tj min. Throat

(Elongated to Dimension = tj
Maintain min. tj min.
tj min.
Throat Dimension)
tc 30 max.
tc

0.83 tj min. tj
tj

Rj
Rj
(e) (f)
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Table 4.11.1 Design Of Closure Member Of Jacket To Shell

Detail Requirements Figure

7 These closures may be used on Type 3 See Welding Details(h-2) and (h-3)
jacketed vessels shown in Figure 4.11.1
shall have attachment welds in
accordance with Details (a), (b) or (c).
This construction is limited to jackets
where trj does not exceed 16 mm (0.625
in.).
For torispherical, ellipsoidal, and
Detail (h-1)
hemispherical heads, the outside
diameter of jacket head shall not be
A
greater than the outside diameter of the t3 A
vessel head, or the inside diameter of the t3

jacket head shall be nominally equal to Full

Full
Penetration
the outside diameter of vessel head. Penetration
B Weld
Weld B

tj=16 mm (0.625 in) max tj=16 mm (0.625 in) max

(a) for A > B (b) for A = B

A Ytj = 1.5 tj min.

max.
t3

B
Z = 0.83 tj min.
tj=16 mm (0.625 in) max

(c) for A < B

8 Closures for conical or toriconical jackets See Details 5 and 6

shall comply with the requirements for
Type 2 jacketed vessels shown in Figure
4.11.1.

Conical Shell Toriconical Head

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Table 4.11.2 Design Of Jacket Penetration Details

Detail Requirements Figure

1 The nozzle wall may be used as the CL Nozzle
closure member where the jacket is
welded to the nozzle. Vessel
ts Wall
a = 2t j min and b = t j min

a
t
Jacket
Nozzle Wall
b tj
Neck
Backing
Strip May
Be Used

2 The minimum required thickness, trc , for CL Nozzle

the geometries shall be calculated as a Attachment A
shell under external pressure in
accordance with paragraph 4.4. tn ts
a = 2t j min and b = t j min
tc
Attachment A shall be made using details
in Table 4.2.6.
a tj
tn
Backing
Rp Strip May
Be Used

3 The minimum required thickness, trc , Attachment A

shall be equal to trj . CL Nozzle
Backing Strip
Attachment A shall be made using details May Be Used
in Table 4.2.6. tn ts

r
tc
r = 3 tj min. tj
tn
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Table 4.11.2 Design Of Jacket Penetration Details

Detail Requirements Figure

4 The minimum required thickness, trc , CL Nozzle
Attachment A
shall be calculated as a shell under
external pressure in accordance with ts
paragraph 4.4.
Attachment A shall be made using details tj
tc
in Table 4.2.6.

Rp
tn Full Penetration
Butt Weld Backing
Strip May Be Used

5 The thickness required of the closure

CL Nozzle
member attached to the inner vessel, trc1 , Attachment A
shall be calculated as a shell under Rp ts
external pressure in accordance with
paragraph 4.4. The required thickness of
tc1 a tj
the flexible member, trc 2 , shall be c
determined as follows: r

When a tubular section does not exist tn

between jacket and torus: tc2 b Backing Strip
Pr May Be Used
trc 2 =
S j E - 0.6 Pj (a)
CL Nozzle
When a tubular section does exist Attachment A
between jacket and torus: Rp ts
Pj R p
trc 2 =
S j E 0.6 Pj tc1 tj
c
a
a = 2t j , b = t j , and c = 1.25tc1
Attachment A shall be made using details tn tc2 b
in Table 4.2.6.

(b)
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Table 4.11.2 Design Of Jacket Penetration Details

Detail Requirements Figure

6 The minimum thickness, trc , shall be CL Nozzle Attachment A
calculated as a shell of radius R p under ts
external pressure in accordance with
paragraph 4.4.
tc
a = 2t j and b = t j tj

Attachment A shall be made using details tn b

in Table 4.2.6. a

Rp
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Table 4.11.3 Coefficients For Equation (4.11.4)

D pj Shell Thickness (in.)

Coefficients
2 1 3/4 1/2 3/8 1/4 3/16
2 C1 1.0000E+00 3.6783E+00 -4.0085E+02 -2.6448E+02 4.0084E+02 -1.8874E+04 3.6675E+01

C2 0.0000E+00 -1.2670E+00 3.5653E+02 1.8067E+02 -5.7029E+02 1.7870E+04 1.2307E+01

C3 0.0000E+00 4.5491E-01 -1.3172E+02 -4.9295E+01 3.1990E+02 -7.2846E+03 3.5702E+00

C4 0.0000E+00 -6.2884E-02 2.6480E+01 7.1522E+00 -9.4286E+01 1.6724E+03 -7.9517E-01

C5 0.0000E+00 3.9401E-03 -3.1258E+00 -5.7900E-01 1.6392E+01 -2.3649E+02 5.8791E-02

C6 0.0000E+00 -9.3433E-05 2.1680E-01 2.4758E-02 -1.7431E+00 2.1102E+01 -1.5365E-03

C7 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 -8.1908E-03 -4.3668E-04 1.1160E-01 -1.1609E+00 0.0000E+00

C8 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 1.3020E-04 0.0000E+00 -3.9550E-03 3.6023E-02 0.0000E+00

C9 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 5.9644E-05 -4.8303E-04 0.0000E+00

C10 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00

3 C1 -3.2789E+03 8.1206E+00 -1.5045E+03 -1.4264E+04 -3.8104E+04 -3.7589E+03 -1.2551E+04

C2 3.4419E+03 -8.3944E+00 1.4488E+03 1.6228E+04 4.0492E+04 2.9920E+03 1.2150E+04

C3 -1.5853E+03 3.7870E+00 -5.9847E+02 -8.0228E+03 -1.8844E+04 -9.4178E+02 -5.0658E+03

C4 4.2063E+02 -7.0886E-01 1.3910E+02 2.2677E+03 5.0415E+03 1.5279E+02 1.1910E+03

C5 -7.0856E+01 6.6972E-02 -1.9888E+01 -4.0441E+02 -8.5435E+02 -1.3452E+01 -1.7255E+02

C6 7.8593E+00 -3.1489E-03 1.7923E+00 4.7258E+01 9.5116E+01 6.1167E-01 1.5770E+01

C7 -5.7416E-01 5.8511E-05 -9.9521E-02 -3.6233E+00 -6.9589E+00 -1.1236E-02 -8.8782E-01

C8 2.6647E-02 0.0000E+00 3.1165E-03 1.7597E-01 3.2278E-01 -2.1466E-06 2.8149E-02

C9 -7.1319E-04 0.0000E+00 -4.2182E-05 -4.9179E-03 -8.6173E-03 0.0000E+00 -3.8489E-04

C10 8.3900E-06 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 6.0315E-05 1.0095E-04 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00

4 C1 -5.3121E+00 -2.5017E+02 -3.5172E+00 -4.0098E+02 8.3115E+02 7.3996E+03 -2.1336E+04

C2 3.4091E+00 1.7178E+02 4.3500E+00 4.2603E+02 -7.6253E+02 -6.7593E+03 1.5982E+04

C3 -5.5606E-01 -4.6845E+01 -2.7158E-01 -1.7447E+02 2.9501E+02 2.6132E+03 -4.9936E+03

C4 4.2156E-02 6.6874E+00 1.1186E-02 3.7754E+01 -6.1136E+01 -5.4873E+02 8.4914E+02

C5 -1.2922E-03 -5.2508E-01 -7.1328E-04 -4.6749E+00 7.4233E+00 6.7572E+01 -8.4931E+01

C6 6.6740E-06 2.1527E-02 2.2963E-05 3.3376E-01 -5.2938E-01 -4.8770E+00 5.0045E+00

C7 0.0000E+00 -3.6092E-04 0.0000E+00 -1.2796E-02 2.0558E-02 1.9113E-01 -1.6106E-01

C8 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 2.0406E-04 -3.3594E-04 -3.1413E-03 2.1858E-03

C9 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00

C10 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00 0.0000E+00

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4.11.9 Figures

L L

Type 1 Type 2 Type 3

Type 4 Type 5

Figure 4.11.1 Types of Jacketed Vessels

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Continuous
Partial Jacket

Multiple or
Pod Type Jacket

Figure 4.11.2 Types of Partial Jackets

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R r

Figure 4.11.3 Half Pipe Jackets